lbs
kgs
Transfusion Calculator
| Desired PCV
After transfusion |
|
| Current PCV
Before transfusion |
|
| Donor PCV
PCV of Donor Blood |
|
| Blood Volume
Calculated in mls |
Transfusion Rate:
- Start all transfusions at 1 to 2 ml/minute
- Adult dogs: maximum rate of 3 to 6 ml/minute
- Cats, kittens, puppies: maximum rate of 1 to 2 ml/minute
- Document baseline PCV/TP, weight, temperature, pulse, respiratory rate, CRT and MM color prior to transfusion
- During first 60 minutes: TPR, CRT and MM color Q15 minutes
- Then Q30 minutes for the duration of the transfusion
- If signs of transfusion reaction observed, Stop transfusion and initiate treatment.
- Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Reactions
- Acute reactions. Result of preexisting antibodies or sensitization from a previous transfusion.Rare but the most serious reaction. Earliest clinical sign is hypothermia. Other signs include vomiting, tachycardia, tachypnea, weakness, tremors, facial swelling, hypotension, hemoglobinemia, hemoglobinuria.
- Immune-Mediated Non-Hemolytic Reactions
- Result from antibodies to RBCs, leukocytes, platelets, or plasma proteins. Most often transient. Clinical signs: anaphylaxis, urticaria, pruritis, hyperthermia, tachypena, dyspnea, vomiting, neurologic signs
Transfusion Info
-
About TransfusionsTransfusion Formula
Blood Dose (ml) = ((Target PCV - Recipient PCV) ÷ Donor PCV) X KG X N
N = 90 for Dogs, N = 60 for CatsProductVolumeFrequencyIndicationsFresh whole blood 12 to 20 ml/kgq. 24 hanemia, platelet & factor replacement Packed red cells 6 to 10 ml/kgq. 12 to 24 hanemia Platelet rich plasma 6 to 10 ml/kgq. 8 to 12 hplatelet dysfunction, thrombocytopenia Fresh and fresh frozen plasma 6 to 12 ml/kgq. 8 to 12 hcoagulation factor deficiencies, vWD, DIC, hypoproteinemia Frozen plasma 6 to 12 ml/kgq. 8 to 12 hhypoproteinemia Plasma cryoprecipitatea 1 unit/10 kgq. 4 to 12 h
(as needed)hemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency)
fibrinogen deficiency
von Willebrand diseaseCryosupernatant 6 to 12 ml/kgq. 8 to 12 hhemophilia B (factor IX deficiency)
factor VII, X, or XI deficiency
vitamin K deficiency, hypoproteinemiaa1 unit = cryoprecipitate produced from 200 ml of fresh frozen plasma
-
Processing and Storage
- Fresh whole blood
- Transfuse within 4 to 6 hour of collection.
- Fresh plasma
- Centrifuged to separate plasma from whole blood, transfuse within 4 to 6 hr. of collection.
- Fresh frozen plasma
- Collect in citrate anticoagulant, separate plasma from whole blood within 4 to 6 hr. of collection, store frozen for up to 1 year.
- Platelet rich plasma
- Collect in citrate anticoagulant, separate platelet rich plasma from whole blood within 4 to 6 hr. of collection, process and store at room temperature, transfuse within 48 hr. of collection.
- Packed Red Cells:
- Collect in citrate anticoagulant, separate from whole blood within 4 to 6 hr. of collection, combine packed cells with additives for sustained red cell viability, store under refrigeration (4 to 8 C) for up to 4 weeks.
- Plasma Cryoprecipitate
- Prepared from fresh frozen plasma, store frozen for up to 1 year, unit size varies, check with each supplier for dosage.
- Cryosupernatant
- Prepared from fresh frozen plasma, store frozen for up to 1 year.
- Fresh whole blood
-
Cross-matching
Canine
- 12 canine blood types
- Designated DEA and a number (DEA 1, DEA 2, DEA 3, etc.)
- Most important are DEA 1: 1.1 and 1.2
- DEA 1.1 Positive = universal recipient
- DEA 1.1, DEA 1.2 Negative = universal donor
- Cross-match does not need to be performed on a first time transfusion
- Sensitization takes ~ 3 days
- Cross-match needed 72 hours after dog receives transfusion
- AB blood type system
- Types: A, B, AB(rare)
- Have natural occurring alloantibodies to other blood groups = No universal donor
- Type A: Weak anti-B alloantibodies, mild reaction if transfused with B blood
- Type B: High anti-A alloantibodies, severe reaction if transfused with A blood
- ALL CATS SHOULD BE CROSS-MATCHED