{"BT_appConfig":
{
"BT_items":[
{"itemId":"JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0",
"itemType":"BT_app",
"buzztouchAppId":"JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0",
"buzztouchAPIKey":"47C636BA876DB62E0B693B5",

"registerForPushURL":"",
"lastModified":"Thu, 03 Mar 2016 10:19:51 -0800",
"lastPublished":"Thu, 15 Nov 2012 13:42:43 -0800",
"name":"Global History Regents Buddy2",
"version":"2.0",
"currentMode":"Design",
"startLocationUpdates":"0",
"promptForPushNotifications":"0",
"allowRotation":"largeDevicesOnly",
"gpsUpdateIntervalSeconds":"0",
"themeItemId":"C20E9EE8A0BC8CABD5CF6E6",
"homeScreenItemId":"",
"splashScreenItemId":"",
"registrationScreenItemId":"",
"registrationRequired":"0",

"BT_themes":[{"itemId":"C20E9EE8A0BC8CABD5CF6E6", "itemType":"BT_theme", "itemNickname":"Default Theme", "navBarStyle":"solid", "statusBarStyle":"default", "backgroundColor":"#FFFFFF"}
],

"BT_tabs":[
],

"BT_menus":[


],

"BT_screens":[{"navBarTitleText":"Home","backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https:\/\/www.buzztouch.com\/applications072212\/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0\/images\/globalhome.png","backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https:\/\/www.buzztouch.com\/applications072212\/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0\/images\/globalhome.png","backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen","searchdesignMenu":"1","listIconLeftSmallDevice":"25","listIconTopSmallDevice":"5","listIconHeightSmallDevice":"30","listIconWidthSmallDevice":"30","listIconLeftLargeDevice":"50","listIconTopLargeDevice":"5","listIconHeightLargeDevice":"30","listIconWidthLargeDevice":"30","headerImageNameSmallDevice":"empty_header.png","headerImageNameLargeDevice":"empty_header.png","headerImageHeightSmallDevice":"200","headerImageWidthSmallDevice":"320","headerImageScrollWithList":"1","headerImageHeightLargeDevice":"600","headerImageWidthLargeDevice":"1000","listTitleFontColor":"#000000","listRowSelectionStyle":"none","listRowSeparatorColor":"clear","listRowHeightSmallDevice":"50","listTitleLeftSmallDevice":"100","listTitleTopSmallDevice":"17","listTitleHeightSmallDevice":"20","listTitleWidthSmallDevice":"200","listTitleNOLSmallDevice":"1","listTitleFontSizeSmallDevice":"15","listDescriptionFontSizeSmallDevice":"1","cellBackgroundSmallDevice":"goldrow copy.png","listCBGLeftSmallDevice":"60","listCBGTopSmallDevice":"0","listCBGHeightSmallDevice":"45","listCBGWidthSmallDevice":"200","listRowHeightLargeDevice":"50","listTitleLeftLargeDevice":"300","listTitleTopLargeDevice":"17","listTitleHeightLargeDevice":"20","listTitleWidthLargeDevice":"200","listTitleNOLLargeDevice":"1","listTitleFontSizeLargeDevice":"18","listDescriptionFontFamilyLargeDevice":"1","cellBackgroundLargeDevice":"goldrow copy.png","listCBGLeftLargeDevice":"100","listCBGTopLargeDevice":"0","listCBGHeightLargeDevice":"45","listCBGWidthLargeDevice":"550","itemId":"B08EDC65DCF2BE5570CDE0D","itemType":"BTA_design_menu","itemNickname":"Home",
"childItems":[
{"itemId":"0BD68A90464C9AE2AD8D959", "itemType":"BT_designmenuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"54C30F383CA17F99FC2210F","rowAccessoryType":"none", "transitionType":"flip", "titleText":"Regents Challenge"},
{"itemId":"C1441C515AB5997AAA67985", "itemType":"BT_designmenuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"ES92M4XH3SBHGGP","rowAccessoryType":"none", "transitionType":"grow", "titleText":"Flash Cards"},
{"itemId":"95CAD14A56E443FAD42C1EC", "itemType":"BT_designmenuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"48D7AA837CF6FDBABA395BE","iconURL":"https://cdn4.iconfinder.com/data/icons/small-n-flat/24/star-32.png", "rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"New Regents Exams"},
{"itemId":"115F95DE11E0DF8CAFAF710", "itemType":"BT_designmenuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"D5D6497E491DF6E3853A1C9","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"New Quizzes"}

]},
{
"itemId": "F711CE9B878F5693703082C",
"itemType": "BT_screen_menuListSimple",
"itemNickname": "Videos",
"navBarTitleText": "Videos",
"listBackgroundColor": "clear",
"listRowBackgroundColor": "#FFFFFF",
"listTitleFontColor": "#000000",
"listStyle": "round",
"listRowSelectionStyle": "none",
"listTitleFontSizeSmallDevice": "14",
"backgroundColor": "clear",
"backgroundImageURLSmallDevice": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/earth-science-buddy/blue-dots.jpg",
"backgroundImageURLLargeDevice": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/earth-science-buddy/blue-dots.jpg",
"backgroundImageScale": "fullScreen",
"includeAds": "0",
"childItems": [
{
"itemId":"JDHFURURIEOO22",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"6944444RFEIYF3G6",
"titleText":"Using Videos",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"D7W2KYSFXGTJLY4",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"4OEIP5LY2CLMYCK",
"titleText":"Hip History",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"VQBL7W679OUKH7P",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"90MGWQHZ474WFTK",
"titleText":"US National Archive",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"Q990FHDTLQ51NZB",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"EGCZMYGQUHK2C2T",
"titleText":"Izzo",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"XZFYAIW3EV9JLKI",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"L8HJYNKGW2GNPCJ",
"titleText":"History Channel",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"WT7G4W6ORUXO9KU",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"E6TZPKNKXDO0MWP",
"titleText":"Stanford History",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"HO3IQQZM0ABAWR6",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"5XT5OTB2F6PRLOP",
"titleText":"Pulitzer",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"0UGX5B0NQEEOH00",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"W0PXV7ED2LUP6ND",
"titleText":"United Nations",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"0PNBLSR0P1E0245",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"TO7TBG2GF5V8TY1",
"titleText":"Ted-Ed ",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"OFMAPZ0Z4F4535M",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"BI0OTLHMPL20OQ0",
"titleText":"Shots of Awe",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"XNIQ5UYBPVQTOOV",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"2DC8AH5Z3Z3JR9B",
"titleText":"Khan Acedemy",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"SCQ300OLH3JTIYP",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"1X4B35VW1N2UD4I",
"titleText":"Smarter Everyday",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"6B5D2MZZ8R65SAQ",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"MH2OMDQG8P2SXLQ",
"titleText":"Mental Floss",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"XUTNE4OETRLGFI6",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"666PGCHVEI5FWZA",
"titleText":"Nobel Prize",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"LTVWGY3TQVL2YLF",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"PSCY3NZMII0PY0I",
"titleText":"Crash Course",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"30UAC0UPE6GG594",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"Q9HVO2LFCJP43LS",
"titleText":"Biography",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
},
{
"itemId":"ET6QMWNVJRIGD9L",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"695NAARFEIYF3G5",
"titleText":"ThnkTV",
"transitionType":"grow",
"rowAccessoryType":"details"
}
]
},
{
"itemNickname":"Hip History",
"itemId":"4OEIP5LY2CLMYCK",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Hip History",
"dataURL":"https://www.youtube.com/user/hughesDV/videos",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"US National Archive",
"itemId":"90MGWQHZ474WFTK",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"US National Archive",
"dataURL":"https://www.youtube.com/user/usnationalarchives/videos",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Izzo",
"itemId":"EGCZMYGQUHK2C2T",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Izzo",
"dataURL":"http://www.youtube.com/user/dizzo95/videos",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"History Channel",
"itemId":"L8HJYNKGW2GNPCJ",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"History Channel",
"dataURL":"http://www.youtube.com/user/historychannel",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Stanford History",
"itemId":"E6TZPKNKXDO0MWP",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Stanford History",
"dataURL":"https://www.youtube.com/user/StanfordSHEG",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Pulitzer",
"itemId":"5XT5OTB2F6PRLOP",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Pulitzer",
"dataURL":"http://www.youtube.com/user/PulitzerCenter/videos",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"United Nations",
"itemId":"W0PXV7ED2LUP6ND",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"United Nations",
"dataURL":"http://www.youtube.com/user/unitednations/videos",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Ted-Ed ",
"itemId":"TO7TBG2GF5V8TY1",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Ted-Ed ",
"dataURL":"https://www.youtube.com/user/TEDEducation/playlists",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Shots of Awe",
"itemId":"BI0OTLHMPL20OQ0",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Shots of Awe",
"dataURL":"https://www.youtube.com/user/ShotsOfAwe/videos",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Khan Acedemy",
"itemId":"2DC8AH5Z3Z3JR9B",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Khan Acedemy",
"dataURL":"https://www.youtube.com/user/khanacademy/playlists",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Smarter Everyday",
"itemId":"1X4B35VW1N2UD4I",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Smarter Everyday",
"dataURL":"https://www.youtube.com/user/destinws2/videos",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Mental Floss",
"itemId":"MH2OMDQG8P2SXLQ",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Mental Floss",
"dataURL":"https://www.youtube.com/user/MentalFlossVideo/videos",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Nobel Prize",
"itemId":"666PGCHVEI5FWZA",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Nobel Prize",
"dataURL":"http://www.youtube.com/user/thenobelprize/featured",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Crash Course",
"itemId":"PSCY3NZMII0PY0I",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Crash Course",
"dataURL":"https://www.youtube.com/user/crashcourse/playlists",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Biography",
"itemId":"Q9HVO2LFCJP43LS",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Biography",
"dataURL":"http://www.youtube.com/user/BiographyChannel/about",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"ThnkTV",
"itemId":"695NAARFEIYF3G5",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"ThnkTV",
"dataURL":"http://www.youtube.com/user/thnkrtv/videos",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Using Videos",
"itemId":"6944444RFEIYF3G6",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Using Videos",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/formative/how-video.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{"navBarTitleText":"New Videos (2)"},
{
"itemId": "8D34A1835286704F2B93177",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2001 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2001 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{
"itemType": "FU9DRRDLASG0B18",
"questionText": "The river valleys of the Tigris-Euphrates, Huang He (Yellow River), and Indus were centers of early civilization because they",
"correctAnswerText": "contained rich soils from annual floods",
"incorrectText1": "had rich deposits of iron ore and coal",
"incorrectText2": "were isolated from other cultural influences",
"incorrectText3": "were easy to defend from invasion"
}, {
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "Which statement concerning how geography has influenced Africa is most accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "The topography of Africa has limited migration and economic development.",
"incorrectText1": "The lack of natural barriers has made it easy to conquer Africa.",
"incorrectText2": "The expanse of the Sahara Desert has encouraged trade to develop in this region.",
"incorrectText3": "The rainfall in the Sahel has provided Africa with most of its crops."
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "� Indian scholars contributed to mathematics by developing the decimal system and the concept of zero. � Arab mathematicians transmitted the decimal system and the concept of zero to the Western world.. Based on these statements, which conclusion is valid?",
"correctAnswerText": "Through contact, ideas were exchanged and then spread.",
"incorrectText1": "Indians and Arabs developed the first civilizations.",
"incorrectText2": "Trade is an inefficient way to spread ideas.",
"incorrectText3": "Western civilization had few ideas to share w"
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "-If a son has struck his father, they shall cut off his hand. If a nobleman has destroyed the eye of a member of the aristocracy, they shall destroy his eye. . . .-. The idea expressed in this quotation is found in the",
"correctAnswerText": "Code of Hammurabi",
"incorrectText1": "Ten Commandments",
"incorrectText2": "Twelve Tables",
"incorrectText3": "Justinian Code"
}, {
"itemType": "V1LX77TKH98RRK5",
"questionText": "-Harmony should be valued and quarrels should be avoided. Everyone has his biases, and few men are far sighted. Therefore some disobey their lords and fathers and keep up feuds with neighbors. But when the superiors are in harmony with each other and inferiors are friendly, then the affairs are discussed quietly and the right view of matters prevails.- �Prince Shotoku of Japan (A.D. 604). Prince Shotoku�s statement indicates the influence of the ideas of",
"correctAnswerText": "Confucius",
"incorrectText1": "Genghis Khan",
"incorrectText2": "Muhammad",
"incorrectText3": "Emperor Hirohito"
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "One way in which the Eightfold Path and the Five Pillars of Faith are similar is that these rules",
"correctAnswerText": "represent codes of behavior",
"incorrectText1": "restrict social mobility",
"incorrectText2": "stress the spiritual being in all natural objects",
"incorrectText3": "suggest a deep respect for nature and reincarnation"
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes the role of the Roman Catholic Church in Europe during the Middle Ages?",
"correctAnswerText": "The Church provided a sense of stability, unity, and order.",
"incorrectText1": "The Church encouraged individuals to question authority.",
"incorrectText2": "Church leaders were only involved in spiritual activities.",
"incorrectText3": "The Church gained influence as people became more interested in secular affairs."
}, {
"itemType": "W51PW4MEE1QROQ1",
"questionText": "Which cultural element spread from the Byzantine Empire to early Russia?",
"correctAnswerText": "Orthodox Christianity",
"incorrectText1": "Latin language",
"incorrectText2": "democratic ideas",
"incorrectText3": "silk cloth"
}, {
"itemType": "5XGL523ABIUTY7R",
"questionText": "One conclusion that can be reached from the evidence about Mansa Musa�s rule of Mali is that",
"correctAnswerText": "complex civilizations existed in West Africa before the arrival of Europeans",
"incorrectText1": "Christianity was a dominant religion in Africa in ancient times",
"incorrectText2": "trade was not necessary for a civilization to survive",
"incorrectText3": "the slave trade originated in West Africa"
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "One way in which the writers of the Renaissance were influenced by the writers of ancient Greece was that the Renaissance writers",
"correctAnswerText": "stressed the power of human reason",
"incorrectText1": "promoted the religious doctrines of the Roman Catholic Church",
"incorrectText2": "showed little interest in secular affairs",
"incorrectText3": "produced few new scientific ideas"
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "-. . . and in the actions of men, and especially of princes, . . . the end justifies the means.- Which philosopher most likely wrote this statement?",
"correctAnswerText": "Niccol� Machiavelli",
"incorrectText1": "Baron de Montesquieu",
"incorrectText2": "Voltaire",
"incorrectText3": "John Locke"
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "A major reason that the Spanish were able to conquer the peoples of the Americas was the",
"correctAnswerText": "military technology of the Spanish conquerors",
"incorrectText1": "inability of the native peoples to adapt to Spanish culture",
"incorrectText2": "enforced slavery of the native peoples by the Spanish",
"incorrectText3": "unified resistance of native peoples to Spanish demands"
}, {
"itemType": "3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5",
"questionText": "The purpose of the encomienda system in Latin America was to",
"correctAnswerText": "obtain labor and taxes from the native peoples in the Spanish colonies",
"incorrectText1": "control overpopulation in urban centers",
"incorrectText2": "convert native peoples to Protestantism",
"incorrectText3": "introduce political ideas into the colonies gradually"
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": "-I was immediately handled and tossed up to see if I were sound, by some of the crew, and I was now persuaded that I had gotten into a world of bad spirits, and that they were going to kill me. Their complexions, too, differing so much from ours, their long hair, and the language they spoke . . . united to confirm me in this belief. . . . The closeness of the place and the heat of the climate, added to the number in the ship, which was so crowded that each had scarcely room to turn himself, almost suffocated us.-. which event is described in this passage?",
"correctAnswerText": "the transatlantic slave trade",
"incorrectText1": "the Aztec invasion of Mayan cities",
"incorrectText2": "the Ottoman invasion of Hungary",
"incorrectText3": "immigration from Europe to the New World"
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "Which statement supports the claim that diversity was an important characteristic of the Mongol Empire (1200�1350)?",
"correctAnswerText": "The Mongol Empire ruled peoples from China, Russia, eastern Europe, and India.",
"incorrectText1": "All people in the Mongol Empire were Hindu.",
"incorrectText2": "Genghis Khan organized a network of communication across the Empire.",
"incorrectText3": "The Mongol Empire covered only central Asia."
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": "Which event was an example of Asian reaction to European imperialism?",
"correctAnswerText": "Boxer Rebellion",
"incorrectText1": "Boer War",
"incorrectText2": "Glorious Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "Congress of Berlin"
}, {
"itemType": "8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS",
"questionText": "-During the greater part of the day the guillotine had been kept busy at its ghastly work . . . . Every aristocrat was a traitor . . . . For two hundred years now the people had sweated, and toiled, and starved to keep a lustful court in lavish extravagance; now the descendants of those who had helped to make these courts brilliant had to hide for their lives.-. which event is referred to in this passage?",
"correctAnswerText": "French Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Sepoy Mutiny",
"incorrectText2": "Protestant Reformation",
"incorrectText3": "Mexican Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": "-During the greater part of the day the guillotine had been kept busy at its ghastly work . . . . Every aristocrat was a traitor . . . . For two hundred years now the people had sweated, and toiled, and starved to keep a lustful court in lavish extravagance; now the descendants of those who had helped to make these courts brilliant had to hide for their lives.-. which generalization best summarizes the views of the author of this passage?",
"correctAnswerText": "Because of past abuses by the nobility, the common people staged a bloody revolt.",
"incorrectText1": "The common people of the nation deserved to be punished for violating the country�s laws.",
"incorrectText2": "The goals of fraternity, equality, and liberty were achieved in this period.",
"incorrectText3": "The nobility was being punished for bringing benefits to the nation."
}, {
"itemType": "9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF",
"questionText": "Which aspect of life in India demonstrates the influence of the British colonial period?",
"correctAnswerText": "constitutional government",
"incorrectText1": "arranged marriages",
"incorrectText2": "religious tradition of Hinduism",
"incorrectText3": "caste system"
}, {
"itemType": "HARJ6XE78XNCXSA",
"questionText": "� Japan annexes Korea (1910) � Japan attacks Manchuria (1931) � Japan invades French Indochina (Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia) (1940). Based on these events, the most valid conclusion about Japan�s foreign policy is that Japan",
"correctAnswerText": "needed raw materials",
"incorrectText1": "based its aggression on the concept of isolation",
"incorrectText2": "was only interested in spreading its religion",
"incorrectText3": "readily accepted Western culture and values"
}, {
"itemType": "8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A",
"questionText": "During the Meiji Restoration, Japan�s leaders focused on",
"correctAnswerText": "modernizing Japan�s economy to compete with Western nations",
"incorrectText1": "isolating Japan from the influence of foreign ideas",
"incorrectText2": "existing peacefully with their Asian neighbors",
"incorrectText3": "increasing the Emperor�s power by returning Japan to a feudal political system"
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "The Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 was a major turning point in history because",
"correctAnswerText": "Russia became the first nation with a communist economic system",
"incorrectText1": "it was the last revolution in the 20th century",
"incorrectText2": "Russia ceased to be an important force in world affairs",
"incorrectText3": "the royal family was exiled to Mexico"
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": "Which type of political system did V. I. Lenin, Adolf Hitler, and Benito Mussolini establish in their countries?",
"correctAnswerText": "totalitarianism",
"incorrectText1": "constitutional monarchy",
"incorrectText2": "representative democracy",
"incorrectText3": "theocracy"
}, {
"itemType": "HSF4BRDGX2SXB69",
"questionText": "An economic accomplishment of the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin was",
"correctAnswerText": "increasing production of heavy industrial machinery",
"incorrectText1": "achieving the highest standard of living in Eastern Europe",
"incorrectText2": "filling retail stores with an abundance of consumer goods",
"incorrectText3": "exporting large surpluses of wheat and other grains"
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "-From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent.- � Winston Churchill (1946) This statement refers to the",
"correctAnswerText": "beginning of the Cold War",
"incorrectText1": "unification of Germany",
"incorrectText2": "end of World War I",
"incorrectText3": "Russian Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "IR07J676OISB4HU",
"questionText": "The Holocaust is an example of",
"correctAnswerText": "violations of human rights",
"incorrectText1": "conflict between political parties",
"incorrectText2": "limited technological development",
"incorrectText3": "geography�s influence on culture"
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "The Berlin Blockade in 1948, the Hungarian Revolt of 1956, and the invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 all demonstrated that the Soviet Union",
"correctAnswerText": "was willing to use military force in situations that challenged its power",
"incorrectText1": "wanted to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)",
"incorrectText2": "used economic sanctions to achieve its foreign policy goals",
"incorrectText3": "hoped to advance its economy through cultural exchange"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "What was one factor that contributed to the downfall of apartheid in the Republic of South Africa?",
"correctAnswerText": "Many foreign countries boycotted South African products.",
"incorrectText1": "The African National Congress was outlawed.",
"incorrectText2": "Afrikaners demanded that only they should have ruling power.",
"incorrectText3": "President de Klerk and Desmond Tutu were imprisoned."
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "During the last two decades, a problem that slowed industrialization in many developing nations was the",
"correctAnswerText": "shortage of money for capital investment",
"incorrectText1": "limited supply of labor",
"incorrectText2": "rapid decline in population growth",
"incorrectText3": "refusal of these nations to make trade agreements with other nations"
}, {
"itemType": "3S3OX0N305A2N1R",
"questionText": "Which situation contributed to the success of Mohandas Gandhi�s campaign of civil disobedience in India?",
"correctAnswerText": "Great Britain was weakened by World War II.",
"incorrectText1": "Pakistan and Bangladesh were involved in civil wars.",
"incorrectText2": "The United States came to Gandhi�s aid with food and clothing.",
"incorrectText3": "Sikhs and Muslims wanted to create a new nation."
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "Speaker A: I think that this plan is an excellent one. By expanding membership, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) can change its role as we enter the 21st century. Since its original enemy is no longer a threat, we should use NATO to maintain peace in Europe. Speaker B: I strongly disagree. NATO is a military organization that requires its members to spend money on military equipment and training. The nations at risk would better help themselves by spending money on improving infrastructure and strengthening their economies. Speaker C: Both of you are missing the point. The whole reason we want to join NATO is for protection against Russian expansionism. This has happened before in our history, with dire consequences for us. We do not want it to happen again. Speaker D: We will never accept anyone�s right to build up troops or weapons in the areas along our borders. Those are our traditional spheres of influence. We will not accept any action that dictates our defense policy to us.. the speakers are discussing the question of whether NATO should",
"correctAnswerText": "expand its organization to include the nations of Eastern Europe",
"incorrectText1": "send troops to stop ethnic strife in Iraq",
"incorrectText2": "expel the United States and Canada",
"incorrectText3": "dissolve and turn over its assets to the Euro"
}, {
"itemType": "YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP",
"questionText": "Speaker A: I think that this plan is an excellent one. By expanding membership, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) can change its role as we enter the 21st century. Since its original enemy is no longer a threat, we should use NATO to maintain peace in Europe. Speaker B: I strongly disagree. NATO is a military organization that requires its members to spend money on military equipment and training. The nations at risk would better help themselves by spending money on improving infrastructure and strengthening their economies. Speaker C: Both of you are missing the point. The whole reason we want to join NATO is for protection against Russian expansionism. This has happened before in our history, with dire consequences for us. We do not want it to happen again. Speaker D: We will never accept anyone�s right to build up troops or weapons in the areas along our borders. Those are our traditional spheres of influence. We will not accept any action that dictates our defense policy to us.. Which nation is Speaker C most likely representing?",
"correctAnswerText": "Poland",
"incorrectText1": "France",
"incorrectText2": "Germany",
"incorrectText3": "China"
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "-The Pope is no judge of matters pertaining to God�s word and faith; the true Christian must examine and judge for himself.-. Who is the most likely author of this statement?",
"correctAnswerText": "Martin Luther",
"incorrectText1": "John Locke",
"incorrectText2": "Socrates",
"incorrectText3": "Adam Smith"
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "-The Pope is no judge of matters pertaining to God�s word and faith; the true Christian must examine and judge for himself.-. which historic era was Based on the spirit of this statement?",
"correctAnswerText": "Reformation",
"incorrectText1": "Pax Romana",
"incorrectText2": "Enlightenment",
"incorrectText3": "Crusades"
}, {
"itemType": "9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI",
"questionText": "The use of terrace farming by the Inca and Japanese cultures is an example of",
"correctAnswerText": "adaptation to the surrounding geography",
"incorrectText1": "economic improvement through trade",
"incorrectText2": "social change through assimilation",
"incorrectText3": "destruction of the environment"
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "-The royal power is absolute. . . . Without this absolute authority the king could neither do good nor repress evil. It is necessary that his power be such that no one can escape him.-. which person would most likely have agreed with this statement?",
"correctAnswerText": "Louis XIV",
"incorrectText1": "Jean Jacques Rousseau",
"incorrectText2": "Karl Marx",
"incorrectText3": "Sun Yat-sen"
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "-The royal power is absolute. . . . Without this absolute authority the king could neither do good nor repress evil. It is necessary that his power be such that no one can escape him.-. which event was Based on ideas that are in direct contrast to the ideas expressed in this statement?",
"correctAnswerText": "signing of the Magna Carta in England",
"incorrectText1": "forced collectivization in the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText2": "Cultural Revolution in China",
"incorrectText3": "rise of the National Socialist Party in "
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "One way in which Sim�n Bol�var, Camillo di Cavour, and Ho Chi Minh were similar is that they",
"correctAnswerText": "encouraged a spirit of nationalism among their people",
"incorrectText1": "enlisted the support of European nations to achieve their goals",
"incorrectText2": "opposed territorial expansion of their nations",
"incorrectText3": "followed the ideas of Thomas Hobbes in establishing systems of government"
}, {
"itemType": "M6L7YCS6YVBNI48",
"questionText": "Which primary source would most likely provide a Latin American perspective rather than a European perspective on history?",
"correctAnswerText": "an eyewitness account by a follower of Emiliano Zapata in the Mexican Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "a journal written by a Spanish missionary",
"incorrectText2": "a painting of the city of Rio de Janeiro done by a Portuguese merchant",
"incorrectText3": "a letter from Hernando Cort�s about his conquest of the Aztecs to the King of Spain"
}, {
"itemType": "TBIDXY8QT09WZDG",
"questionText": "One way in which Maximilien Robespierre, Joseph Stalin, Mao Zedong, and Saddam Hussein are similar is that these leaders all",
"correctAnswerText": "purged their nations of political opponents",
"incorrectText1": "followed the teachings of Karl Marx",
"incorrectText2": "supported the ideals of the European Enlightenment",
"incorrectText3": "obtained their goals through the use of passive resistance"
}, {
"itemType": "QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD",
"questionText": "An example of economic interdependence is",
"correctAnswerText": "Japan selling technological goods to buy Middle Eastern oil",
"incorrectText1": "South Africans mining their gold and diamond resources",
"incorrectText2": "the government of France issuing new currency",
"incorrectText3": "an Indian subsistence farmer waiting for the rains to water his crops"
}, {
"itemType": "IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU",
"questionText": "� The state sets the price of consumer goods. � A factory manager meets production quotas for the month. � A central planning agency determines wages for agricultural workers. Which type of economy is illustrated by these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "command",
"incorrectText1": "market",
"incorrectText2": "traditional",
"incorrectText3": "laissez faire"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "Which factor led to the prosperity and success of the world�s early civilizations?",
"correctAnswerText": "location in river valleys",
"incorrectText1": "formation of democratic governments",
"incorrectText2": "development of monotheism",
"incorrectText3": "acceptance of gender equality"
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "Archaeological studies of the Indus Valley cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro show evidence of",
"correctAnswerText": "urban planning",
"incorrectText1": "dynastic rule",
"incorrectText2": "social equality",
"incorrectText3": "monotheism"
}, {
"itemType": "UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U",
"questionText": "The importance of the Code of Hammurabi, the Twelve Tables, and the Justinian Code is that they",
"correctAnswerText": "established legal principles",
"incorrectText1": "instituted democratic governments",
"incorrectText2": "provided religious freedom",
"incorrectText3": "promoted equality for all classes"
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "Speaker A: We must return to the ideas of the Bible. We should encourage people to read and interpret religious scripture for themselves. Speaker B: Our people worship many gods, who control the peoples� activities, such as birth, death, and commerce. Speaker C: Our people received the Ten Commandments at Mount Sinai. We are few in number, but we will bring these commandments to all people. Speaker D: We trace our religion�s birth to the flight of our greatest prophet from Mecca to Medina.. Which speaker is expressing an idea from a polytheistic religion?",
"correctAnswerText": "B",
"incorrectText1": "A",
"incorrectText2": "C",
"incorrectText3": "D"
}, {
"itemType": "8UKFL9QB8570RXP",
"questionText": "Speaker A: We must return to the ideas of the Bible. We should encourage people to read and interpret religious scripture for themselves. Speaker B: Our people worship many gods, who control the peoples� activities, such as birth, death, and commerce. Speaker C: Our people received the Ten Commandments at Mount Sinai. We are few in number, but we will bring these commandments to all people. Speaker D: We trace our religion�s birth to the flight of our greatest prophet from Mecca to Medina.. Which speaker refers to the establishment of Islam?",
"correctAnswerText": "D",
"incorrectText1": "A",
"incorrectText2": "B",
"incorrectText3": "C"
}, {
"itemType": "FX96LMXJUNBPTWL",
"questionText": "In almost every society, the problem of scarcity must be dealt with because",
"correctAnswerText": "resources are limited",
"incorrectText1": "governments tend to overspend on the military",
"incorrectText2": "farmers tend to overestimate their crop yields",
"incorrectText3": "goods are distributed evenly"
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": "-Kings� and Princes coin money only out of metals. but the Pope coins money out of every-thing - indulgences, ceremonies, dispensations. pardons; all fish come to his net",
"correctAnswerText": "Protestant Reformation",
"incorrectText1": "Commercial Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "Spanish Inquisition",
"incorrectText3": "French Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "-Kings�and Princes coin money only out of metals. but the Pope coins money out of every-thing - indulgences, ceremonies, dispensations. pardons; all fish come to his net",
"correctAnswerText": "objections to pmctkes of the Catholic Church",
"incorrectText1": "plan for economic change in Central Europe",
"incorrectText2": "objections to using only metals as the basis for money",
"incorrectText3": "justification for the dcthroning of an absolute monarch"
}, {
"itemType": "HI4X8VLDXB6CU97",
"questionText": "The Byzantine Empire made its mun important contribution to later civilization by",
"correctAnswerText": "preserving much of the Crew-Rpm heritage",
"incorrectText1": "recogonizing  the Pope at the bend of the Dynamic Church",
"incorrectText2": "establishing trade routes to the America",
"incorrectText3": "emerging the spread of Budduism"
}, {
"itemType": "38CTTRF38X7325C",
"questionText": "Which situation is considered a (sun: of the other three?",
"correctAnswerText": "European involvement in the Crusades",
"incorrectText1": "development of: European middle class",
"incorrectText2": " increase in European demand for Eastern goods",
"incorrectText3": "European renewal of interest in learning"
}, {
"itemType": "BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9",
"questionText": "The Aztec, Inca, and Maya civilizations all achieved great progress in developing",
"correctAnswerText": "the arts and architecture",
"incorrectText1": "a written language and great literature",
"incorrectText2": "strong naval forces",
"incorrectText3": "a monotheistic religion"
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "Which development led to the shortages of labor in 14th-century Europe and in 16th- and 17th century North and South America?",
"correctAnswerText": "outbreak of the Black Death and smallpox",
"incorrectText1": "rise of nation-states",
"incorrectText2": "fall of Constantinople",
"incorrectText3": "introduction of new military technologies"
}, {
"itemType": "SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ",
"questionText": "The Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights are similar in that they both",
"correctAnswerText": "limited the power of the monarchy",
"incorrectText1": "reinforced the theory of divine right",
"incorrectText2": "decreased the rights of citizens",
"incorrectText3": "encouraged colonialism"
}, {
"itemType": "FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP",
"questionText": "Under the policy of mercantilism, colonial powers considered their colonies to be",
"correctAnswerText": "possessions to benefit the imperial power",
"incorrectText1": "independent nations that traded throughout the world",
"incorrectText2": "independent nations that had special relationships with European powers",
"incorrectText3": "possessions being prepared for independence"
}, {
"itemType": "YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3",
"questionText": "-We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. . . .-. this statement best expresses The philosophy of",
"correctAnswerText": "John Locke",
"incorrectText1": "Adam Smith",
"incorrectText2": "Thomas Hobbes",
"incorrectText3": "Karl Marx "
}, {
"itemType": "MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI",
"questionText": "-We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. . . .- The statement best represents The values of",
"correctAnswerText": "the Enlightenment",
"incorrectText1": "feudalism",
"incorrectText2": "Social Darwinism",
"incorrectText3": "communism"
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "The main cause of the mass starvation in Ireland during the 19th century was the",
"correctAnswerText": "failure of the potato crop",
"incorrectText1": "British blockade of Irish ports",
"incorrectText2": "war between Protestants and Catholics in northern Ireland",
"incorrectText3": "environmental damage caused by coal mining"
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "One similarity between the social patterns in medieval Europe and those in colonial Latin America is that both societies",
"correctAnswerText": "separated people into distinct classes",
"incorrectText1": "separated religion and politics",
"incorrectText2": "gave women the power to assume leadership positions",
"incorrectText3": "followed the rule of the majority"
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "The Balkans were referred to as the -Powder Keg of Europe- in the period before World War I because of their",
"correctAnswerText": "nationalistic rivalries",
"incorrectText1": "manufacturing ability",
"incorrectText2": "stockpiles of weapons",
"incorrectText3": "economic strength"
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "A long-term effect of the Balfour Declaration on the Middle East was the",
"correctAnswerText": "conflict between the Palestinians and the Israelis",
"incorrectText1": "oppression of the Kurds by the government of Iraq",
"incorrectText2": "strengthening of parliamentary rule in Turkey",
"incorrectText3": "establishment of a two-party system in Lebanon"
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "In Europe during the 1930s, several national leaders, in order to preserve peace at any cost, agreed to the demands of an aggressor. This policy is referred to as",
"correctAnswerText": "appeasement",
"incorrectText1": "militarism",
"incorrectText2": "reparation",
"incorrectText3": "nonalignment "
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "What was a major reason for Adolf Hitler�s rise to power?",
"correctAnswerText": "provisions of the Treaty of Versailles",
"incorrectText1": "Germany�s military support of Poland and France",
"incorrectText2": "strong German economy",
"incorrectText3": "refusal by the League of Nations to admit Germany as a member"
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "What was the major goal of Joseph Stalin�s five year plans in the Soviet Union?",
"correctAnswerText": "encouraging rapid industrialization",
"incorrectText1": "supporting capitalism",
"incorrectText2": "improving literacy rates",
"incorrectText3": "including peasants in the decision making process"
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "After World War II, the United States provided financial aid to West Germany, Turkey, and Greece because these nations were",
"correctAnswerText": "facing possible communist threats",
"incorrectText1": "beginning their industrial development",
"incorrectText2": "newly independent",
"incorrectText3": "major military partners of the United States"
}, {
"itemType": "0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ",
"questionText": "What is the correct chronological order for this set of events in Chinese history? A. Communist Revolution B. Tiananmen Square Massacre C. Return of Hong Kong to Chinese rule D. Opium Wars",
"correctAnswerText": "D � A � B � C",
"incorrectText1": "A � D � B � C",
"incorrectText2": "B � A � C � D",
"incorrectText3": "D � B � C � A"
}, {
"itemType": "LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z",
"questionText": "The formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the division of Germany into East Germany and West Germany, and the Korean War were immediate reactions to",
"correctAnswerText": "communist expansion after World War II",
"incorrectText1": "Japanese military aggression in the 1930s",
"incorrectText2": "the rise of German nationalism after World War I",
"incorrectText3": "ethnic conflict and civil war in Africa in the 1950s"
}, {
"itemType": "6J6SIRWPNI6IONR",
"questionText": "During the 20th century, one effect of industrialization on the culture of India was the",
"correctAnswerText": "increased movement of people from rural to urban areas",
"incorrectText1": "reduction of social class mobility",
"incorrectText2": "strengthening of cottage industries",
"incorrectText3": "decline in the economic and political power of women"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "A factor that contributed to the success of both Ho Chi Minh in Vietnam and Mao Zedong in China was their ability to combine",
"correctAnswerText": "nationalism and communism",
"incorrectText1": "imperialism and traditionalism",
"incorrectText2": "ethnocentrism and democracy",
"incorrectText3": "isolationism and capitalism"
}, {
"itemType": "TX38PQXUNZK77UN",
"questionText": "The Green Revolution of the 1960s resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "an increase of food output in many developing nations",
"incorrectText1": "the destruction of large industrial enterprises",
"incorrectText2": "a decrease in world agricultural output",
"incorrectText3": "improvements in human genetic engineering"
}, {
"itemType": "IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW",
"questionText": "-My village is changing. A straight road was built in the mid-1960s to carry iron ore from the mines to the port of Paradip, 40 miles away. . . . Nylon, stainless steel, plastic, [soft] drinks have reached the village. Electricity has come too . . . There is a cinema and video hall.- Which conclusion can be drawn from this quotation?",
"correctAnswerText": "Modernization often changes village life.",
"incorrectText1": "Roads in most villages today have fallen into disrepair.",
"incorrectText2": "New technologies will have little effect on village life.",
"incorrectText3": "The best jobs can be found in the cities."
}, {
"itemType": "B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68",
"questionText": "Which sequence of events is listed in the correct chronological order?",
"correctAnswerText": "Crusades � Enlightenment � French Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "French Revolution � Enlightenment � Crusades",
"incorrectText2": "French Revolution � Crusades � Enlightenment",
"incorrectText3": "Enlightenment � Crusades � French Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV",
"questionText": "-We are moving away from an era of resistance, division, oppression, turmoil, and conflict and starting a new era of hope, reconciliation, and nation building.- � Nelson Mandela, 1994. With this statement, Nelson Mandela marked the end of South Africa�s policy of",
"correctAnswerText": "apartheid",
"incorrectText1": "imperialism",
"incorrectText2": "containment",
"incorrectText3": "nonalignment"
}, {
"itemType": "0WK63DOOS2FXIQR",
"questionText": "Speaker A: -The majesty of the king is borrowed from God, who gives it to him for the good of the people. It is good for the people to be checked by a superior force.- Speaker B: -Reason . . . teaches that all men are equal and independent, and that no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions.- Speaker C: -My view is that it is desirable to be both loved and feared; but it is difficult to achieve both, and, if one of them has to be lacking, it is much safer to be feared than to be loved.- Speaker D: -The enjoyment of liberty, and even its support and preservation, consists in every man being allowed to speak his thoughts and lay open his sentiments.-  .    Which speaker�s statement best reflects The concept of divine right?",
"correctAnswerText": "A",
"incorrectText1": "B",
"incorrectText2": "C",
"incorrectText3": "D"
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "Speaker A: -The majesty of the king is borrowed from God, who gives it to him for the good of the people. It is good for the people to be checked by a superior force.- Speaker B: -Reason . . . teaches that all men are equal and independent, and that no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions.- Speaker C: -My view is that it is desirable to be both loved and feared; but it is difficult to achieve both, and, if one of them has to be lacking, it is much safer to be feared than to be loved.- Speaker D: -The enjoyment of liberty, and even its support and preservation, consists in every man being allowed to speak his thoughts and lay open his sentiments.-.  Which two speakers would most likely support The idea of democracy?",
"correctAnswerText": "B and D",
"incorrectText1": "A and B",
"incorrectText2": "C and D",
"incorrectText3": "B and C "
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "Which example is a primary source of information for historians?",
"correctAnswerText": "autobiography",
"incorrectText1": "textbook",
"incorrectText2": "almanac",
"incorrectText3": "encyclopedia"
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "� A British bank makes a loan to a South American nation. � A United States corporation purchases large amounts of land in Guatemala. � A Japanese investment firm becomes the major shareholder in a Bolivian silver mine. Which concept is illustrated by these situations?",
"correctAnswerText": "interdependence",
"incorrectText1": "nationalization",
"incorrectText2": "isolationism",
"incorrectText3": "protectionism"
}, {
"itemType": "RQFKPE3OR6A25JD",
"questionText": "Why did ancient civilizations develop in valleys of rivers such as the Nile, Indus, Tigris and Euphrates?",
"correctAnswerText": "The river valleys provided a source of fresh water and good farmland.",
"incorrectText1": "The rivers aided in the exploration of new territories.",
"incorrectText2": "The rivers provided power for industries.",
"incorrectText3": "The river valleys provided areas for recreation."
}, {
"itemType": "I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ",
"questionText": "Early peoples who moved frequently as they searched for the food they needed for survival are called",
"correctAnswerText": "hunters and gatherers",
"incorrectText1": "village dwellers",
"incorrectText2": "subsistence farmers",
"incorrectText3": "guild members"
}, {
"itemType": "6KQZN538LCU7K9W",
"questionText": "-Just as a man, having cast off old garments, puts on others, even so does the embodied one, having cast off old bodies, take on other, new ones.- Which belief or practice is expressed in this quotation?",
"correctAnswerText": "reincarnation",
"incorrectText1": "rigid class structure",
"incorrectText2": "monotheism",
"incorrectText3": "fasting and prayer"
}, {
"itemType": "XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG",
"questionText": "The use of the Silk Road in Asia and caravan routes in northern Africa and south western Asia encouraged",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText1": "self-sufficiency",
"incorrectText2": "ethnocentrism",
"incorrectText3": "cultural isolation "
}, {
"itemType": "LFNB87QHK1KPSO1",
"questionText": "Hieroglyphic and cuneiform systems provided the basis for the development of",
"correctAnswerText": "recorded history",
"incorrectText1": "subsistence farming",
"incorrectText2": "painting and sculpture",
"incorrectText3": "oral traditions"
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "One similarity between the Gupta Dynasty (A.D. 320�550) in India and the Tang Dynasty(A.D. 618�907) in China is that each dynasty",
"correctAnswerText": "made advances in the arts, sciences, and mathematics",
"incorrectText1": "promoted equality for women",
"incorrectText2": "gained overseas colonies",
"incorrectText3": "developed a representative government"
}, {
"itemType": "34BUUBUS07QUA6M",
"questionText": "A direct result of the Crusades was that",
"correctAnswerText": "Europeans increased their demands for goods from the East",
"incorrectText1": "the pope lost control of the Church",
"incorrectText2": "Christians gained permanent control of the Holy Land",
"incorrectText3": "nobles gained power over the monarchs"
}, {
"itemType": "NORRDWZROR868GG",
"questionText": "Which development in Russian history led to the other three?",
"correctAnswerText": "Trade developed along rivers linking Russia and the Byzantine Empire.",
"incorrectText1": "Orthodox Christianity was adopted in Russia.",
"incorrectText2": "The Cyrillic alphabet became the basis of Russian written language.",
"incorrectText3": "Russian rulers took the title of czar, or caesar."
}, {
"itemType": "20E6K97FCPOIUK3",
"questionText": "Which factor contributed to the decline in the power of the European nobles in the late Middle Ages?",
"correctAnswerText": "rise of nation-states",
"incorrectText1": "decreasing importance of towns and cities",
"incorrectText2": "collapse of international trade",
"incorrectText3": "increase in the influence of serfs"
}, {
"itemType": "B7PFLDEF4F7G29R",
"questionText": "A major goal of the Counter-Reformation was to",
"correctAnswerText": "reinstate the power of the Roman Catholic Church",
"incorrectText1": "reduce the authority of absolute monarchs",
"incorrectText2": "encourage new ideas in science and philosophy throughout Europe",
"incorrectText3": "compromise with European Protestants"
}, {
"itemType": "5MH112LCJ8OZFJM",
"questionText": "Constantinople, and Canton achieved prominence because their",
"correctAnswerText": "locations were favorable for trade",
"incorrectText1": "pleasant climates led to an increase in population",
"incorrectText2": "democratic governments attracted trade",
"incorrectText3": "military power led to industrialization"
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "The term -mercantilism- is defined as an economic system in which",
"correctAnswerText": "colonies exist for the benefit of the colonial power",
"incorrectText1": "prices are determined by the laws of supply and demand",
"incorrectText2": "factors of production are owned by the government",
"incorrectText3": "the proletariat benefit at the expense of the bourgeoisie"
}, {
"itemType": "9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ",
"questionText": "A major reason for the end of the Aztec Empire was",
"correctAnswerText": "the technology of the Spanish conquistadors",
"incorrectText1": "the refusal of the people to obey their leaders",
"incorrectText2": "a conflict with the Inca Empire",
"incorrectText3": "political corruption and an unstable government"
}, {
"itemType": "CRTDFM43DP4R453",
"questionText": "Which statement explains the long-term significance of the travels of Christopher Columbus?",
"correctAnswerText": "His voyages started a vast cultural exchange between the two hemispheres.",
"incorrectText1": "His interactions with the indigenous peoples served as a model for fair treatment of minorities.",
"incorrectText2": "His ships were the first to complete an around-the-world voyage and prove the earth was round.",
"incorrectText3": "His calculations of the distance between Europe and Asia became the basis for our modern maps."
}, {
"itemType": "FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR",
"questionText": "� The Ottoman Empire disrupted overland trade between Europe and Asia. � Peter the Great established St. Petersburg on the Baltic Sea. � Mesoamericans relied on terrace farming. These statements illustrate the",
"correctAnswerText": "impact of geography on human activity",
"incorrectText1": "failure of people to adjust to their environment",
"incorrectText2": "effect of geographic isolation on different societies",
"incorrectText3": "movement from a traditional to a command economy"
}, {
"itemType": "IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0",
"questionText": "To which period does the slogan -The Sun never sets on the British Empire- refer?",
"correctAnswerText": "Age of Imperialism",
"incorrectText1": "Middle Ages",
"incorrectText2": "Protestant Reformation",
"incorrectText3": "Glorious Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP",
"questionText": "Which two revolutions most influenced 19th-century Latin American independence movements?",
"correctAnswerText": "French and American",
"incorrectText1": "Agricultural and Industrial",
"incorrectText2": "English and Russian",
"incorrectText3": "Commercial and Green"
}, {
"itemType": "5WFRV6D1AF857M2",
"questionText": "The result of the Opium War in China was similar to the result of Commodore Perry�s expedition to Japan in that both events",
"correctAnswerText": "increased Western trade and influence in Asia",
"incorrectText1": "established European colonies in China and Japan",
"incorrectText2": "promoted democratic governments in Asia",
"incorrectText3": "increased the economic isolation of China and Japan"
}, {
"itemType": "ICALETH1G91HXTE",
"questionText": "A major goal of the Congress of Vienna was to",
"correctAnswerText": "maintain a balance of power in Europe",
"incorrectText1": "establish democratic governments in all European nations",
"incorrectText2": "return Napoleon Bonaparte to power",
"incorrectText3": "create independent governments for Austria and Hungary"
}, {
"itemType": "6HN4D643RTBD5SO",
"questionText": "-The rule of law is more powerful than the rule of the tyrant.- � Sim�n Bol�var -Whoever has the . . . supreme power . . . is bound to govern by established standing laws.- � John Locke. What is The main idea expressed in these quotations?",
"correctAnswerText": "Rulers must be subject to the law.",
"incorrectText1": "Rulers should govern with unlimited power.",
"incorrectText2": "All governments must be democratic.",
"incorrectText3": "Governments should be based on the laws of God."
}, {
"itemType": "5KYWZNHEGDGC56G",
"questionText": "-The rule of law is more powerful than the rule of the tyrant.- � Sim�n Bol�var -Whoever has the . . . supreme power . . . is bound to govern by established standing laws.- � John Locke. these ideas were first expressed during Which period of European history?",
"correctAnswerText": "Enlightenment",
"incorrectText1": "Pax Romana",
"incorrectText2": "Middle Ages",
"incorrectText3": "Renaissance"
}, {
"itemType": "5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK",
"questionText": "During the Russian Revolution of 1917, the slogan -peace, bread, and land- appealed to many Russian peasants because this slogan",
"correctAnswerText": "addressed the needs and concerns of the peasants",
"incorrectText1": "called for continued Russian expansion in East Asia",
"incorrectText2": "supported an increase in the power of the Russian czar",
"incorrectText3": "promised to return all peasants to serfdom"
}, {
"itemType": "8L2TET9XHNDJDY6",
"questionText": "Joseph Stalin�s rule in the Soviet Union was characterized by the",
"correctAnswerText": "establishment of a totalitarian dictatorship",
"incorrectText1": "introduction of democratic political institutions",
"incorrectText2": "encouragement of religious beliefs",
"incorrectText3": "development of a market economy"
}, {
"itemType": "GON3JDO53HYHEHP",
"questionText": "The histories of the serfs in medieval Europe, the harijans in traditional India, and the native population in colonial Latin America are similar in that each group",
"correctAnswerText": "had little or no political power",
"incorrectText1": "used political power to improve living conditions",
"incorrectText2": "successfully revolted against rulers",
"incorrectText3": "was socially mobile"
}, {
"itemType": "17S7REU8QQJYUYZ",
"questionText": "-Kenyatta explained the flag. �Black is . . . for black people. Red shows . . . [that] the blood of an African is the same colour as the blood of a European, and green shows . . . [that] when we were given this country by God it was green, fertile, and good.� What he . . . must mean . . . [is] that our lands could only be regained by the blood (red) of the African (black).- � Karari Njama. As leader of the Mau Mau in the 1950s, Jomo Kenyatta promoted these ideas as a way to",
"correctAnswerText": "work for Kenya�s independence",
"incorrectText1": "imitate the practices of Mohandas Gandhi",
"incorrectText2": "develop closer ties with England",
"incorrectText3": "attract foreign investment to his nation"
}, {
"itemType": "11Y568S0S231L12",
"questionText": "-Kenyatta explained the flag. �Black is . . . for black people. Red shows . . . [that] the blood of an African is the same colour as the blood of a European, and green shows . . . [that] when we were given this country by God it was green, fertile, and good.� What he . . . must mean . . . [is] that our lands could only be regained by the blood (red) of the African (black).- � Karari Njama. Which idea is reflected in this passage?",
"correctAnswerText": "nationalism",
"incorrectText1": "imperialism",
"incorrectText2": "totalitarianism",
"incorrectText3": "neocolonialism"
}, {
"itemType": "A21ZEU2LRRWODOM",
"questionText": "-By gently pushing open the gates of reform, he unleashed a democratic flood that wiped out the Soviet universe and washed away the Cold War.- This statement most likely describes the actions of",
"correctAnswerText": "Mikhail Gorbachev",
"incorrectText1": "Ruholla Khomeini",
"incorrectText2": "Pol Pot",
"incorrectText3": "Ho Chi Minh "
}, {
"itemType": "6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ",
"questionText": "Pacts such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the European Union(EU), and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) reflect a movement toward",
"correctAnswerText": "the growth of global interdependence",
"incorrectText1": "national policies of protectionism",
"incorrectText2": "a rebirth of command economies",
"incorrectText3": "a reliance on social welfare policies"
}, {
"itemType": "LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0",
"questionText": "One similarity between the pogroms in Russia and the Nazi Holocaust is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "violated the human rights of Jews",
"incorrectText1": "expanded the power of labor unions",
"incorrectText2": "limited the powers of European rulers",
"incorrectText3": "prohibited government censorship"
}, {
"itemType": "4M68F8AH54RB0JZ",
"questionText": "Which factor has been the greatest challenge to political stability in India?",
"correctAnswerText": "ethnic and social divisions within the population",
"incorrectText1": "lack of voter participation",
"incorrectText2": "geographic diversity within the nation",
"incorrectText3": "shortage of qualified candidates for elected office"
}, {
"itemType": "R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ",
"questionText": "-Why should freedom of speech and freedom of the press be allowed? Why should a government, doing what it believes is right, allow itself to be criticized? It would not allow opposition by lethal weapons. Ideas are much more fatal things than guns.-. Which political belief would this speaker support?",
"correctAnswerText": "The needs of the state are more important than the rights of individuals.",
"incorrectText1": "Societies need war to bring about progress.",
"incorrectText2": "Education is a necessary ingredient for a stable society.",
"incorrectText3": "All people are born with certain natural rights."
}, {
"itemType": "9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV",
"questionText": "-Why should freedom of speech and freedom of the press be allowed? Why should a government, doing what it believes is right, allow itself to be criticized? It would not allow opposition by lethal weapons. Ideas are much more fatal things than guns.-. Which individual would most likely agree with the ideas expressed in this quotation?",
"correctAnswerText": "Benito Mussolini",
"incorrectText1": "Nelson Mandela",
"incorrectText2": "Lech Walesa",
"incorrectText3": "Mohandas Gandhi"
}, {
"itemType": "FZLOFTA7JBEINNX",
"questionText": "In India, the population movement from rural to urban areas has resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "a decrease in rigid class distinctions",
"incorrectText1": "a revival of interest in traditional values",
"incorrectText2": "the weakening of the nuclear family",
"incorrectText3": "the end of hostilities between Hindus and Muslims"
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "One reason the Persian Gulf War (1990�1991) was fought was to protect",
"correctAnswerText": "deposits of much of the world�s oil supply",
"incorrectText1": "the agricultural interests of Southwest Asia",
"incorrectText2": "direct access to the Mediterranean Sea",
"incorrectText3": "British control of Saudi Arabia"
}, {
"itemType": "2WTN2EZKLD1NA2I",
"questionText": "Which issue continues to raise concern from the world community regarding the nations of India, Iraq, Pakistan, and North Korea?",
"correctAnswerText": "nuclear proliferation",
"incorrectText1": "overpopulation",
"incorrectText2": "ethnic cleansing",
"incorrectText3": "desertification"
}, {
"itemType": "5S395ACMQUGANID",
"questionText": "Four events in world history, labeled A, B, C, and D, are listed below. A Passage of the English Bill of Rights B Signing of the Magna Carta C Latin American Revolutions D French Revolution. The correct chronological order for these events is",
"correctAnswerText": "B -> A -> D-> C",
"incorrectText1": "D-> C-> B -> A",
"incorrectText2": "A -> D-> C -> B",
"incorrectText3": "D-> B -> C -> A"
}, {
"itemType": "C3G8TIBPN3R75J7",
"questionText": "Which geographic characteristic has had a similar influence on Turkey, Egypt, and Panama?",
"correctAnswerText": "location near strategic waterways",
"incorrectText1": "isolation of people by mountain ranges",
"incorrectText2": "expansion of deserts into fertile lands",
"incorrectText3": "possession of large deposits of oil"
}]
},
{
"itemId": "0CFF20A74B52E0A99193FC4",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2002 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2002 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{
"itemType": "FU9DRRDLASG0B18",
"questionText": "The term -subsistence farmers- refers to people who grow",
"correctAnswerText": "just enough food to meet the needs of the immediate family",
"incorrectText1": "enough food to feed an entire village",
"incorrectText2": "food to sell in village markets",
"incorrectText3": "a single cash crop"
}, {
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "Which statement is a description of a market economy?",
"correctAnswerText": "Individual decision making and supply and demand greatly influence basic economic decisions.",
"incorrectText1": "Government planning agencies make some economic decisions and private businesses make others.",
"incorrectText2": "The national government controls all resources, labor supply, and means of production.",
"incorrectText3": "Customs, religions, and traditions determine most economic decisions."
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "The Neolithic Revolution was characterized by the",
"correctAnswerText": "change from nomadic herding to settled farming",
"incorrectText1": "growth of iron toolmaking technology",
"incorrectText2": "migration of early peoples to the Americas",
"incorrectText3": "decline of large empires"
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "In which region did China�s earliest civilizations develop?",
"correctAnswerText": "Yellow River Valley",
"incorrectText1": "Gobi Desert",
"incorrectText2": "Himalaya Mountains",
"incorrectText3": "Tibetan Plateau"
}, {
"itemType": "V1LX77TKH98RRK5",
"questionText": "The phrase -from southern Spain, across northern Africa, occupying the Arabian peninsula to Southeast Asia- once described the extent of the",
"correctAnswerText": "Muslim world",
"incorrectText1": "Aztec Empire",
"incorrectText2": "Gupta Empire",
"incorrectText3": "Pax Romana "
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "In China, Confucianism emphasized the idea that",
"correctAnswerText": "harmony could be achieved by the proper behavior of each member of a family or society",
"incorrectText1": "equality should exist between all members of society",
"incorrectText2": "salvation could be attained by prayer, meditation, and good deeds",
"incorrectText3": "individual goals should be placed ahead of the needs of the group"
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "How did geography influence the development of ancient Greece?",
"correctAnswerText": "Excellent harbors encouraged seafaring trade.",
"incorrectText1": "Rich farmland led to dependence on agriculture.",
"incorrectText2": "Flat plains made centralized rule possible.",
"incorrectText3": "Tropical climate discouraged urban development."
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "The Eastern Orthodox Church and the Cyrillic alphabet originated in the Byzantine Empire. What does the practice of this religion and the use of this alphabet in Russia indicate?",
"correctAnswerText": "Russia was influenced by cultural diffusion.",
"incorrectText1": "Russia was conquered by the Byzantine Empire.",
"incorrectText2": "Russia�s leaders eliminated the influence of the Mongols.",
"incorrectText3": "Russia�s geographic isolation led to cultural diversity."
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "The rise of the West African kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai can be attributed to",
"correctAnswerText": "their locations near the trans-Sahara trade routes",
"incorrectText1": "their emphasis on nationalism",
"incorrectText2": "the spread of Christianity",
"incorrectText3": "the rise of European imperialism"
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "Mansa Musa commissioned great mosques to be built in Timbuktu, Mali�s capital, and in other Mali cities. Under Musa�s patronage, Muslim scholarship flourished, and Timbuktu began its tenure as an important center of learning. This public display of wealth and power enhanced Mali�s reputation and prestige throughout the world. Which phrase best describes Mali under the rule of Mansa Musa?",
"correctAnswerText": "a golden age",
"incorrectText1": "a poverty-stricken era",
"incorrectText2": "a decade of colonial unrest",
"incorrectText3": "a period of political chaos"
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": "Inca terrace farming and Aztec floating gardens are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "the ability of civilizations to adapt to their region�s physical geography",
"incorrectText1": "slash-and-burn farming techniques",
"incorrectText2": "Mesoamerican art forms symbolizing the importance of agriculture",
"incorrectText3": "colonial economic policies that harmed Latin American civilizations"
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "Which statement best illustrates the concept of European mercantilism during the Age of Exploration?",
"correctAnswerText": "Portugal sought trade benefits from its colonial possessions.",
"incorrectText1": "England encouraged free trade among its colonies.",
"incorrectText2": "Spain reduced exports to its South American colonies.",
"incorrectText3": "France refused to give financial support to weak national industries."
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": "The primary goal of most of Europe�s absolute monarchs was to",
"correctAnswerText": "centralize their political control over their nations",
"incorrectText1": "support political freedom for the new middle classes",
"incorrectText2": "prevent contact with areas beyond Europe�s borders",
"incorrectText3": "maintain peaceful relations with neighboring nations"
}, {
"itemType": "8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS",
"questionText": "Which statement about the encomienda system during the 16th and 17th centuries is accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "Many Native Americans were forced to labor on large estates.",
"incorrectText1": "Aztec and Inca civilizations prospered.",
"incorrectText2": "Life expectancy among Native American populations increased.",
"incorrectText3": "Spanish influence declined in its colonies."
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": "� France gained control over Algeria. � Great Britain gained control over North America. � Portugal gained control over Angola. What do these statements describe?",
"correctAnswerText": "imperialism",
"incorrectText1": "alliances",
"incorrectText2": "revolution",
"incorrectText3": "totalitarianism"
}, {
"itemType": "HARJ6XE78XNCXSA",
"questionText": "One similarity between the rule of Peter the Great of Russia and that of Akbar the Great of India was that both leaders",
"correctAnswerText": "modernized and expanded their empires using ideas from other cultures",
"incorrectText1": "implemented strict religious codes of conduct within their nations",
"incorrectText2": "relied on peaceful resolutions of conflicts with neighboring peoples",
"incorrectText3": "introduced democratic ideas into their political systems"
}, {
"itemType": "8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A",
"questionText": "The Enlightenment philosophers believed that the power of government is derived from",
"correctAnswerText": "those who are governed",
"incorrectText1": "divine right rulers",
"incorrectText2": "the middle class",
"incorrectText3": "a strong military"
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "Therefore, the Parliament declares: That the [king�s] pretended power of suspending laws . . . without consent of Parliament is illegal. That levying money [taxes] for or to the use of the crown [king] . . . without grant [consent] of Parliament . . . is illegal. This 17th-century excerpt is found in the",
"correctAnswerText": " English Bill of Rights",
"incorrectText1": "Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen",
"incorrectText2": "Napoleonic Code",
"incorrectText3": "Balfour Declaration"
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": "One similarity in the actions of Sim�n Bol�var and Napoleon Bonaparte is that both leaders",
"correctAnswerText": "encouraged nationalism",
"incorrectText1": "relied on diplomatic negotiations",
"incorrectText2": "established a representative form of government",
"incorrectText3": "rebelled against imperialism"
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "The needs of the Industrial Revolution in 19thcentury Europe greatly contributed to the",
"correctAnswerText": "growth of overseas empires",
"incorrectText1": "beginning of the triangular trade",
"incorrectText2": "development of international peacekeeping organizations",
"incorrectText3": "promotion of political and economic equality in Asia and Africa"
}, {
"itemType": "IR07J676OISB4HU",
"questionText": "Which statement is supported by the ideas of Karl Marx?",
"correctAnswerText": "Industrialization benefits the wealthy and exploits the poor.",
"incorrectText1": "Private ownership of businesses helps workers.",
"incorrectText2": "Countries should benefit from the wealth of their colonies.",
"incorrectText3": "Industrial capitalism allows workers and employers to work together for a common purpose."
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "In Russia, the events of Bloody Sunday, the heavy casualties during World War I, and the ineffective leadership of the czar led directly to the",
"correctAnswerText": "Revolution of 1917",
"incorrectText1": "institution of perestroika",
"incorrectText2": "signing of the Munich Pact",
"incorrectText3": "creation of the Warsaw Pact"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "One characteristic of a totalitarian state is that",
"correctAnswerText": "the government controls and censors the media",
"incorrectText1": "minority groups are granted many civil liberties",
"incorrectText2": "several political parties run the economic system",
"incorrectText3": "citizens are encouraged to criticize the government"
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "What was a major reason for Japan�s invasion of Manchuria in 1931?",
"correctAnswerText": " Japan needed the natural resources available in Manchuria.",
"incorrectText1": "The province of Manchuria was originally a Japanese territory.",
"incorrectText2": "The government of Japan admired Manchurian technical progress.",
"incorrectText3": "The people of Manchuria favored Japanese control."
}, {
"itemType": "3S3OX0N305A2N1R",
"questionText": "During World War II, which geographic features contributed most to the Soviet Union�s defense against the German invasion?",
"correctAnswerText": "size and climate",
"incorrectText1": "deposits of many natural resources",
"incorrectText2": "Atlantic ports and rivers",
"incorrectText3": "mountainous territory and desert areas"
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "One way in which Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi) of China, Ho Chi Minh of Vietnam, and Jomo Kenyatta of Kenya were similar is that they all",
"correctAnswerText": "led nationalistic movements in their nation",
"incorrectText1": "supported close ties with their former colonial powers",
"incorrectText2": "opposed United Nations membership for their governments",
"incorrectText3": "resisted attempts to modernize their nation�s political and social institutions"
}, {
"itemType": "YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP",
"questionText": "The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan were designed to",
"correctAnswerText": "promote economic and political stability in Europe",
"incorrectText1": "end German demands for the Sudetenland",
"incorrectText2": "restore democratic rule in Haiti",
"incorrectText3": "prevent Iraq�s takeover of Kuwait"
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "Which term is often used to describe the actions of Adolf Hitler in Germany and Pol Pot in Cambodia?",
"correctAnswerText": "genocide",
"incorrectText1": "nonalignment",
"incorrectText2": "neocolonialism",
"incorrectText3": "scorched-earth policy"
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "The main purpose of the European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is to",
"correctAnswerText": "stimulate economic growth for participating countries",
"incorrectText1": "reduce the spread of nuclear weapons",
"incorrectText2": "address the problem of international political corruption",
"incorrectText3": "increase educational opportunities for underdeveloped nations"
}, {
"itemType": "9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI",
"questionText": "Which development took place in China under Mao Zedong?",
"correctAnswerText": "Communist teachings became required learning in all schools and universities.",
"incorrectText1": "The family became the dominant force in society.",
"incorrectText2": "The Four Modernizations became the basis for economic reform.",
"incorrectText3": "The people adopted the practice of ancestor worship."
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "One way in which the partition of India in 1947 and the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1992 are similar is that after each event",
"correctAnswerText": "problems arose between ethnic and religious groups",
"incorrectText1": "stable democratic governments were established",
"incorrectText2": "economic prosperity produced high standards of living",
"incorrectText3": "traditional beliefs were abandoned for Western ideas"
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "Which environmental issue most concerns Central Africa, the Amazon River Basin, and the Malay Peninsula?",
"correctAnswerText": "deforestation",
"incorrectText1": "nuclear contamination",
"incorrectText2": "desertification",
"incorrectText3": "overpopulation"
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "One way in which the Boxers in China and the Islamic fundamentalists in revolutionary Iran were similar is that each group attempted to",
"correctAnswerText": "eliminate foreign influence in their nation",
"incorrectText1": "encourage cultural and economic ties with Western nations",
"incorrectText2": "establish national religious movements",
"incorrectText3": "expand overseas colonies"
}, {
"itemType": "IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU",
"questionText": "The development of early civilizations usually depended on",
"correctAnswerText": "a plentiful water supply and fertile land",
"incorrectText1": "the formation of democratic governments",
"incorrectText2": "a location near large deposits of gold and silver",
"incorrectText3": "the existence of large armies"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "The cultural diversity found throughout much of South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia is due in large part to",
"correctAnswerText": "geographic factors",
"incorrectText1": "political unity",
"incorrectText2": "traditional religious practices",
"incorrectText3": "a market economy"
}, {
"itemType": "UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U",
"questionText": "One way in which the Han dynasty and the Roman Empire were similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "promoted unity and communication by building a strong system of roads",
"incorrectText1": "governed large areas around the Mediterranean Sea",
"incorrectText2": "created democratic societies in which people elected their government officials",
"incorrectText3": "developed a social system in which great equality existed"
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "The history of which classical civilization was shaped by the monsoon cycle, the Himalaya Mountains, and the Indus River?",
"correctAnswerText": "Maurya Empire",
"incorrectText1": "ancient Greece",
"incorrectText2": "Babylonian Empire",
"incorrectText3": "ancient Egypt"
}, {
"itemType": "8UKFL9QB8570RXP",
"questionText": "One similarity between Japanese Shintoism and African animism is the belief that",
"correctAnswerText": "everything in nature has a spirit and should be respected",
"incorrectText1": "only one God exists in the universe",
"incorrectText2": "people�s moral conduct determines their afterlife",
"incorrectText3": "religious statues should be erected to honor the gods"
}, {
"itemType": "FX96LMXJUNBPTWL",
"questionText": "The five relationships taught by Confucius encouraged people to",
"correctAnswerText": "maintain social and political order",
"incorrectText1": "improve their position in life",
"incorrectText2": "respect and worship nature",
"incorrectText3": "serve the needs of religious leaders"
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": "Which statement explains a cause rather than an effect of the Bantu migration between 500 B.C. and A.D. 1500?",
"correctAnswerText": "Population increases put pressure on agriculture.",
"incorrectText1": "Techniques for herding and cultivating were spread to other peoples.",
"incorrectText2": "More than sixty million people now speak a Bantu language.",
"incorrectText3": "Trading cities developed along the coast of east Africa."
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "The journals of early travelers such as Ibn Battuta of Morocco, Zheng He of China, and Mansa Musa of Mali are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "primary sources describing observations of the travelers",
"incorrectText1": "works of fiction intended to describe the adventures of the travelers",
"incorrectText2": "secondary sources that record the travelers� interpretations of history",
"incorrectText3": "outdated resources for historical research"
}, {
"itemType": "HI4X8VLDXB6CU97",
"questionText": "The Tang dynasty of China, the Gupta Empire of India, and the Mali Empire of Africa were similar in that each experienced a period of",
"correctAnswerText": "prosperity and artistic creativity",
"incorrectText1": "feudalism and oppression",
"incorrectText2": "war and constant invasion",
"incorrectText3": "mercantilism and industrial expansion"
}, {
"itemType": "38CTTRF38X7325C",
"questionText": "What is a major contribution of the Byzantine Empire to global history?",
"correctAnswerText": "preservation of Greek and Roman culture",
"incorrectText1": "construction of the pyramids",
"incorrectText2": "expansion of equal rights",
"incorrectText3": "invention of writing"
}, {
"itemType": "BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9",
"questionText": "Which factor contributed to the success of the vast empire created by the Mongols?",
"correctAnswerText": "employing superior military skills",
"incorrectText1": "avoiding contacts with the West",
"incorrectText2": "paying monetary tribute to local rulers",
"incorrectText3": "converting conquered peoples to Confucianism"
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "One result of the Crusades was an increase in trade between the Middle East and",
"correctAnswerText": "Europe",
"incorrectText1": "East Asia",
"incorrectText2": "North America",
"incorrectText3": "Africa"
}, {
"itemType": "FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP",
"questionText": "The introduction of banking, letters of credit, joint stock companies, and guilds contributed to the start of the",
"correctAnswerText": "Commercial Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Renaissance",
"incorrectText2": "Agricultural Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "Enlightenment"
}, {
"itemType": "YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3",
"questionText": "The fall of the Byzantine Empire to the Ottoman Turks (1453) prompted Spain and Portugal to",
"correctAnswerText": "seek new trade routes to East Asia",
"incorrectText1": "extend religious tolerance to Muslim peoples",
"incorrectText2": "reform their political systems",
"incorrectText3": "expand the Catholic Inquisition into the Middle East"
}, {
"itemType": "MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI",
"questionText": "One similarity of the Aztec, Maya, and Inca empires is that they",
"correctAnswerText": "created complex civilizations",
"incorrectText1": "developed in fertile river valleys",
"incorrectText2": "maintained democratic political systems",
"incorrectText3": "coexisted peacefully with neighboring empires"
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "� Smallpox outbreak spreads throughout Mexico. � Many Incas convert to Christianity in ceremonies in Lima, Peru. � Spanish and Portuguese are introduced to chocolate, peanuts, tomatoes, and corn. � Cort�s brings Aztec gold and silver treasures to Spain. Which situation is illustrated in these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "the impact of contact between different peoples",
"incorrectText1": "empathy of Europeans for Native American Indian civilizations",
"incorrectText2": "triangular trade and its effects on agrarian economies",
"incorrectText3": "the relatively high costs of colonialism"
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "Which statement explains why the Renaissance began in Italy?",
"correctAnswerText": "The Italian city-states were wealthy centers of trade and manufacturing.",
"incorrectText1": "Italy was not influenced by a classical heritage.",
"incorrectText2": "Italy was politically unified by a strong central government.",
"incorrectText3": "The Catholic Church did not have any influence in Italy."
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "Niccol� Machiavelli in The Prince and Thomas Hobbes in Leviathan both advocated that a ruler should",
"correctAnswerText": "employ absolute power to maintain order in the areas under their rule",
"incorrectText1": "obtain power from a social contract with the governed",
"incorrectText2": "place the needs of subjects first",
"incorrectText3": "apply Christian teachings to all decisions"
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "One of the main purposes of the Congress of Vienna (1814�1815) was to",
"correctAnswerText": "establish a balance of power in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon",
"incorrectText1": "promote the unification of Italy",
"incorrectText2": "preserve the German territories gained by Otto von Bismarck",
"incorrectText3": "restore the power of the Holy Roman Empire"
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "One way in which Sun Yat-sen and Kemal Atat�rk were similar is that each",
"correctAnswerText": "led a nationalist movement in his country",
"incorrectText1": "rejected violence as a way to gain political power",
"incorrectText2": "supported Marxist political principles",
"incorrectText3": "promoted a society ruled by religious leaders"
}, {
"itemType": "6J6SIRWPNI6IONR",
"questionText": "One of the major causes of the Russian Revolution of 1917 was the",
"correctAnswerText": "abuse of political power by Czar Nicholas II",
"incorrectText1": "government�s refusal to enter World War I",
"incorrectText2": "rapid expansion of the right to vote",
"incorrectText3": "failure of communism"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "The harsh terms included in the treaties ending World War I have been used to explain the",
"correctAnswerText": "rise of Nazism in Germany",
"incorrectText1": "Fascist Revolution in Spain",
"incorrectText2": "Bolshevik Revolution in Russia",
"incorrectText3": "Armenian massacre in Turkey"
}, {
"itemType": "0WK63DOOS2FXIQR",
"questionText": "The fall of the Berlin Wall was followed by",
"correctAnswerText": "the collapse of communism in the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText1": "an end of democratic rule in Germany",
"incorrectText2": "the rise of a Neo-Nazi movement in Spain",
"incorrectText3": "an expansion of the Warsaw Pact"
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "A major source of the dispute between the Israelis and the Palestinians is that each side",
"correctAnswerText": "has historic ties to the same land",
"incorrectText1": "wants to control oil resources in the area",
"incorrectText2": "believes in different interpretations of the same religion",
"incorrectText3": "has close military alliances with neighboring countries"
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes India�s foreign policy between 1947 and 1990?",
"correctAnswerText": "It generally followed a policy of nonalignment.",
"incorrectText1": "It imitated Great Britain�s policies.",
"incorrectText2": "It usually reflected the policies of China.",
"incorrectText3": "It rejected all assistance from communist dictatorships."
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "-United States Airlifts Supplies to Berlin- -U-2 Spy Plane Shot Down Over the Soviet Union- -Soviet Missiles Placed in Cuba- These headlines discuss events during",
"correctAnswerText": "the Cold War",
"incorrectText1": "Stalin�s Reign of Terror",
"incorrectText2": "World War II",
"incorrectText3": "the post�Cold War era"
}, {
"itemType": "RQFKPE3OR6A25JD",
"questionText": "The term -Green Revolution- refers to",
"correctAnswerText": "an increase in worldwide food and agricultural resources",
"incorrectText1": "the study of the natural world",
"incorrectText2": "a shift from making goods by hand to making them by machine",
"incorrectText3": "an uprising of farmers and industrial workers"
}, {
"itemType": "6KQZN538LCU7K9W",
"questionText": "In the 1990s, the troubled relations between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland and between Serbs, Croats, and Muslims in the Balkans helped illustrate the",
"correctAnswerText": "difficulties of resolving ethnic and religious conflicts",
"incorrectText1": "inequalities created by expanding free markets and global trade",
"incorrectText2": "conflict created by the collapse of the Warsaw Pact",
"incorrectText3": "results of the failure of dictatorial governments"
}, {
"itemType": "XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG",
"questionText": "One way in which the Twelve Tables of Rome, the Code of Hammurabi, and the Justinian Code were similar is that they established",
"correctAnswerText": "written legal systems",
"incorrectText1": "trade agreements with neighboring countries",
"incorrectText2": "tolerance for the different religions of their people",
"incorrectText3": "social class equality"
}, {
"itemType": "LFNB87QHK1KPSO1",
"questionText": "As a society becomes more urbanized and industrialized, it tends to",
"correctAnswerText": "modify traditional beliefs and customs",
"incorrectText1": "develop a more rigid class system",
"incorrectText2": "resist cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText3": "depend more on the extended family structure"
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "One way in which the encomienda system and European feudalism were similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "created a class structure in which landowners held the power",
"incorrectText1": "encouraged social mobility",
"incorrectText2": "resulted from the growth of the African slave trade",
"incorrectText3": "depended on extensive trade routes"
}, {
"itemType": "34BUUBUS07QUA6M",
"questionText": "� Failure of the potato crop contributes to famine in Ireland. � Continued drought overtakes farmlands in Africa. � Herders search for an oasis for their animals. Which conclusion can be drawn from these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Environmental conditions often cause people to migrate.",
"incorrectText1": "People can control their environments to suit their needs.",
"incorrectText2": "Geography has a positive impact on people.",
"incorrectText3": "Climatic conditions have led to an even distribution of population."
}, {
"itemType": "NORRDWZROR868GG",
"questionText": "Which headline describes an event during India�s fight for independence?",
"correctAnswerText": "-Gandhi Leads Salt March-",
"incorrectText1": "-Kenyatta and Mau Maus Move Against British-",
"incorrectText2": "-Cecil Rhodes Unites Continent-",
"incorrectText3": "-Ho Chi Minh Leads Rebel Forces-"
}, {
"itemType": "20E6K97FCPOIUK3",
"questionText": "-I am lucky enough to have been involved for half a century with work, mostly in East Africa, that very much belongs to everyone, since it concerns the human origins that are common to the whole human race.- � Mary Leakey, Autobiography. In this quotation, the author is implying that early humans",
"correctAnswerText": "first appeared in Africa",
"incorrectText1": "migrated from Africa to Eurasia",
"incorrectText2": "invented tools and mastered the use of fire",
"incorrectText3": "appeared shortly after the Neolithic Age"
}, {
"itemType": "B7PFLDEF4F7G29R",
"questionText": "One reason early civilizations developed in China, Egypt, and the Tigris-Euphrates Valley in Mesopotamia is because",
"correctAnswerText": "vast mineral deposits existed for manufacturing",
"incorrectText1": "climate and geography favored agriculture",
"incorrectText2": "rivers contributed to nomadic lifestyles",
"incorrectText3": "natural barriers provided protection from invasions"
}, {
"itemType": "5MH112LCJ8OZFJM",
"questionText": "The ideals developed in the Athens of Pericles and in Republican Rome influenced the development of",
"correctAnswerText": "a parliament in Britain",
"incorrectText1": "military juntas in Latin America",
"incorrectText2": "a communist government in China",
"incorrectText3": "a theocracy in Iran"
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "� Art and literature flourished during the Gupta Empire.� Indian scholars developed the concept of zero. � Indian provinces were united after 200 years of civil war. The information in these statements refers to",
"correctAnswerText": "India�s Golden Age",
"incorrectText1": "effects of European involvement in India",
"incorrectText2": "effects of isolationism",
"incorrectText3": "Islamic achievements in India"
}, {
"itemType": "9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ",
"questionText": "One reason for the growth and success of 9th century cities such as Baghdad, Constantinople, and Ch�ang-an (Xian) was that they",
"correctAnswerText": "were located on major trade routes",
"incorrectText1": "were part of the Roman Empire",
"incorrectText2": "tolerated religious diversity",
"incorrectText3": "traded only with people from their immediate region"
}, {
"itemType": "CRTDFM43DP4R453",
"questionText": "� Developed a tribute system � Reestablished trade along the Silk Roads � Created an empire from Eastern Europe to the Pacific coast of Asia. Which group was responsible for the results described above?",
"correctAnswerText": "Mongols",
"incorrectText1": "Huns",
"incorrectText2": "Koreans",
"incorrectText3": "Japanese"
}, {
"itemType": "FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR",
"questionText": "During the early Middle Ages, western European societies were most influenced by",
"correctAnswerText": "the Roman Catholic Church",
"incorrectText1": "national monarchies",
"incorrectText2": "elected parliaments",
"incorrectText3": "the Byzantine emperors"
}, {
"itemType": "IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0",
"questionText": "Between A.D. 800 and 1600, the West African city of Timbuktu became prosperous with the trading of",
"correctAnswerText": "gold and salt",
"incorrectText1": "spices and silk",
"incorrectText2": "iron ore and coal",
"incorrectText3": "rifles and diamonds"
}, {
"itemType": "6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP",
"questionText": "In western Europe, a long-term effect of the invention of Gutenberg�s printing press was that the",
"correctAnswerText": "literacy rate increased",
"incorrectText1": "monarchies were restored to absolute power",
"incorrectText2": "feudal system declined",
"incorrectText3": "development of new ideas was discouraged"
}, {
"itemType": "5WFRV6D1AF857M2",
"questionText": "Which statement about the Columbian exchange is a fact rather than an opinion?",
"correctAnswerText": "The Columbian exchange brought new foods and products to Europe and the Americas.",
"incorrectText1": "The Columbian exchange had a positive effect on the Americas.",
"incorrectText2": "The Columbian exchange benefited Europe more than it benefited the Americas.",
"incorrectText3": "The Columbian exchange created a modern Europe."
}, {
"itemType": "ICALETH1G91HXTE",
"questionText": "Zheng He contributed to the prosperity of China under the Ming dynasty by",
"correctAnswerText": "expanding trade with nations of Asia and Africa",
"incorrectText1": "defeating the Manchu invaders",
"incorrectText2": "constructing the Great Wall along the northern frontier",
"incorrectText3": "establishing colonies in Korea and Japan"
}, {
"itemType": "6HN4D643RTBD5SO",
"questionText": "What was one effect of the Russo-Japanese War (1904�1905)?",
"correctAnswerText": "Japan emerged as a major world power.",
"incorrectText1": "Korea gained its independence.",
"incorrectText2": "Czar Nicholas II gained power in Russia.",
"incorrectText3": "Russia formed a military alliance with Japan."
}, {
"itemType": "5KYWZNHEGDGC56G",
"questionText": "-Not by democracy or liberal standards will our goal be achieved but by blood and iron. Then we will be successful, no nation is born without the traumatic experience of war.- �Otto von Bismarck. This statement was used to justify a policy of",
"correctAnswerText": "militarism",
"incorrectText1": "ethnocentrism",
"incorrectText2": "containment",
"incorrectText3": "appeasement"
}, {
"itemType": "5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK",
"questionText": "-. . . They [the Communists] openly declare that their ends can be attained [achieved] only by the forcible overthrow of all existing social conditions. Let the ruling classes tremble at a Communist revolution. The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win. Working men of all countries, unite!- � Friederich Engels and Karl Marx, Communist Manifesto, 1848. These views, expressed by Engels and Marx, were developed in reaction to the",
"correctAnswerText": "Industrial Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "unification of Germany",
"incorrectText2": "Commercial Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "Congress of Vienna"
}, {
"itemType": "8L2TET9XHNDJDY6",
"questionText": "A lasting result of colonial rule in many Latin American nations has been the",
"correctAnswerText": "control of power by wealthy landowners",
"incorrectText1": "elimination of national debts",
"incorrectText2": "decrease in the power of the Catholic Church",
"incorrectText3": "creation of industrial economics"
}, {
"itemType": "GON3JDO53HYHEHP",
"questionText": "The American and French Revolutions were turning points in global history because the results of these revolutions",
"correctAnswerText": "inspired other peoples seeking democracy and independence",
"incorrectText1": "led to the abolition of slavery",
"incorrectText2": "marked the end of European influence in the Western Hemisphere",
"incorrectText3": "demonstrated the need for strong international peacekeeping organizations"
}, {
"itemType": "17S7REU8QQJYUYZ",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor most limited the growth of Latin American unity of the early 19th century?",
"correctAnswerText": "the region�s diverse landforms",
"incorrectText1": "most of the region�s rivers flowed north to south",
"incorrectText2": "the region�s location close to the equator",
"incorrectText3": "the region�s lack of natural resources"
}, {
"itemType": "11Y568S0S231L12",
"questionText": "The economic theory of laissez-faire capitalism proposes that",
"correctAnswerText": "governments should not interfere with business",
"incorrectText1": "command economies should provide the greatest opportunity for national growth",
"incorrectText2": "the nobility should have strict control over business and industry",
"incorrectText3": "the practices of mercantilism should be expanded"
}, {
"itemType": "A21ZEU2LRRWODOM",
"questionText": "-With sincere heart and unpretended faith I [reject] . . . , and detest the aforesaid errors and heresies [of Copernicus] and also every other error . . . contrary to the Holy Church, and I swear that in the future I will never again say or assert . . . anything that might cause a similar suspiciontoward me.- � Galileo. The best explanation as to why Galileo made this statement is that he",
"correctAnswerText": "feared that the Church might excommunicate him",
"incorrectText1": "was a strong supporter of Church doctrine",
"incorrectText2": "had lost faith in the teachings of science",
"incorrectText3": "wanted to advance his ideas through the Church"
}, {
"itemType": "6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ",
"questionText": "-With sincere heart and unpretended faith I [reject] . . . , and detest the aforesaid errors and heresies [of Copernicus] and also every other error . . . contrary to the Holy Church, and I swear that in the future I will never again say or assert . . . anything that might cause a similar suspiciontoward me.- � Galileo. The historical issue referred to in this quotation is the conflict between",
"correctAnswerText": "established institutions and new ideas",
"incorrectText1": "privileged upper classes and exploited lower classes",
"incorrectText2": "16th-century Protestants and Catholics",
"incorrectText3": "city-states and nation-states"
}, {
"itemType": "LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0",
"questionText": "Kemal Atat�rk�s efforts to modernize Turkish culture were most strongly opposed by",
"correctAnswerText": "religious forces",
"incorrectText1": "Indian nationalists",
"incorrectText2": "industrialists",
"incorrectText3": "republicans"
}, {
"itemType": "4M68F8AH54RB0JZ",
"questionText": "Lenin�s promise of -Peace, Land, Bread- during the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 was made in an effort to",
"correctAnswerText": "gain popular support to overthrow the government",
"incorrectText1": "end France�s occupation of Russia",
"incorrectText2": "restore Czar Nicholas II to power",
"incorrectText3": "resolve conflicts between farmers of diverse ethnic backgrounds"
}, {
"itemType": "R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ",
"questionText": "",
"correctAnswerText": "civil disobedience",
"incorrectText1": "armed rebellion",
"incorrectText2": "criminal acts",
"incorrectText3": "guerrilla tactics"
}, {
"itemType": "9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV",
"questionText": "Which situation was a direct result of the Holocaust and other atrocities committed by the Nazis during World War II?",
"correctAnswerText": "war crimes trials in Nuremberg",
"incorrectText1": "development of the Cold War",
"incorrectText2": "formation of the League of Nations",
"incorrectText3": "separation of Germany into Eastern and Western zones"
}, {
"itemType": "FZLOFTA7JBEINNX",
"questionText": "Since the late 1970s, which measure has the Chinese government taken to reduce the effects of overpopulation?",
"correctAnswerText": "imposed a one-child policy that limits family size",
"incorrectText1": "supported a policy of forced migration to other nations",
"incorrectText2": "reduced food production",
"incorrectText3": "emphasized the teachings of Confucius"
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "Since the 1970s, the wealth of many Middle Eastern nations was increased by the",
"correctAnswerText": "creation of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)",
"incorrectText1": "formation of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)",
"incorrectText2": "expansion of Islamic fundamentalism",
"incorrectText3": "development of communes in Israel"
}, {
"itemType": "2WTN2EZKLD1NA2I",
"questionText": "During the late 1900s, the Sahel region of Africa has been faced with problems resulting from",
"correctAnswerText": "increasing desertification",
"incorrectText1": "the lack of rainfall from the monsoons",
"incorrectText2": "the effects of acid rain",
"incorrectText3": "water pollution"
}, {
"itemType": "5S395ACMQUGANID",
"questionText": "After World War II, India and many other developing nations sought to avoid being dominated by the superpowers by following a policy of",
"correctAnswerText": "nonalignment",
"incorrectText1": "containment",
"incorrectText2": "militarism",
"incorrectText3": "isolationism"
}, {
"itemType": "C3G8TIBPN3R75J7",
"questionText": "Which type of economic system was used by both Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong to accelerate the economic growth of their respective nations?",
"correctAnswerText": "command",
"incorrectText1": "mixed",
"incorrectText2": "market",
"incorrectText3": "traditional"
}, {
"itemType": "N5DKB90KJBRZ7LK",
"questionText": "� Nuclear accident at Chernobyl in the former Soviet Union � Dumping of toxic waste in the ocean � Cutting down the rain forest in Africa and South America. Which conclusion can be drawn from these situations?",
"correctAnswerText": "Environmental problems need global solutions.",
"incorrectText1": "The fall of the Soviet Union has caused severe environmental hazards.",
"incorrectText2": "Technology has helped the world stop polluting the environment.",
"incorrectText3": "Only nations that create environmental problems will suffer from them."
}, {
"itemType": "LDLBICMUYYJJXFM",
"questionText": "In which way were the developments of the Renaissance in Italy similar to the developments of the Tang dynasty in China?",
"correctAnswerText": " The rebirth of art, technology, and learning was a central theme in both regions.",
"incorrectText1": "Warfare and insurrection led to the devastation of both societies.",
"incorrectText2": "Religious reform was a main focus in both regions.",
"incorrectText3": "The peasant class was responsible for the emergence of both eras."
}, {
"itemType": "ADH99R0N2E3WDB2",
"questionText": "The influence of geographic factors in England was most evident in the development of",
"correctAnswerText": "the English industrial system",
"incorrectText1": "the Anglican Church under Henry VIII",
"incorrectText2": "English literature under Elizabeth I",
"incorrectText3": "the English constitutional monarchy"
}, {
"itemType": "DKJONPHAWJ9F1J9",
"questionText": "Which newspaper headline illustrates a policy of appeasement?",
"correctAnswerText": "-Chamberlain Agrees to German Demands: Sudetenland to Germany-",
"incorrectText1": "-Dien Bien Phu Falls; French to Leave Vietnam-",
"incorrectText2": "-Marshall Plan Proposes Economic Aid Program for Europe-",
"incorrectText3": "-Soviet Troops and Tanks Crush Hungarian Revolt-"
}, {
"itemType": "QLTUBWXXSER5L1O",
"questionText": "Justinian Code, and the Napoleonic Code were similar is that they",
"correctAnswerText": "provided a written set of laws",
"incorrectText1": "emphasized social equality",
"incorrectText2": "established democratic governments",
"incorrectText3": "proposed economic goals"
}, {
"itemType": "UF363WM5WCFCIX8",
"questionText": "The Boxer Rebellion, the Salt March, and the Iranian Revolution were reactions against",
"correctAnswerText": "Western influence",
"incorrectText1": "Mongol rule",
"incorrectText2": "rapid industrialization",
"incorrectText3": "economic depression"
}]
},
{
"itemId": "C4DF348A9B37E15CD220035",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2000 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2000 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{
"itemType": "FU9DRRDLASG0B18",
"questionText": "The code of Hammurabi is an example of",
"correctAnswerText": "written rules for legal procedures",
"incorrectText1": "the power of strong kings to control trade",
"incorrectText2": "regulations on the way to conduct wars against neighboring nations",
"incorrectText3": "the power of a legislature to veto laws passed by absolute monarchs"
}, {
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "A belief of animism is that",
"correctAnswerText": "spirits of nature inhabit all living and nonliving objects",
"incorrectText1": "after death the soul is reborn in another human form",
"incorrectText2": "holy wars must be fought to gain entry into heaven",
"incorrectText3": "meditation leads followers to nirvana"
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "Which term is used to describe the spread of Buddhism from India through Southeast Asia?",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText1": "ethnocentrism",
"incorrectText2": "imperialism",
"incorrectText3": "isolation"
}, {
"itemType": "V1LX77TKH98RRK5",
"questionText": "Which factor influenced the development of ancient civilizations along river valleys?",
"correctAnswerText": "fertile soil",
"incorrectText1": "oil-rich tundra",
"incorrectText2": "dry climate",
"incorrectText3": "dense rain forests"
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "The contributions of the Golden Age of Islamic civilization include",
"correctAnswerText": "advances in mathematics",
"incorrectText1": "irrigation systems",
"incorrectText2": "polytheistic beliefs",
"incorrectText3": "gunpowder and guns"
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "A similarity between the ancient western African kingdoms of Mali, Ghana, and Songhai is that these kingdoms",
"correctAnswerText": "established economies based on trade",
"incorrectText1": "limited the power of their rulers",
"incorrectText2": "practiced Christianity",
"incorrectText3": "isolated themselves from contact with other cultures"
}, {
"itemType": "5XGL523ABIUTY7R",
"questionText": "Which statement concerning the Renaissance in Europe is based on opinion rather than on fact?",
"correctAnswerText": "The art of the Northern Renaissance was superior to that of the Italian Renaissance.",
"incorrectText1": "Literature began to appear in languages other than Latin.",
"incorrectText2": "Art reflected the ideas of humanism and individualism.",
"incorrectText3": "Art produced during the Renaissance had religious as well as secular themes."
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "-. . . suspending laws . . . , by regal [royal] authority without consent of Parliament is illegal.- �English Bill of Rights, 1689. Which form of government does the quotation support?",
"correctAnswerText": "limited monarchy",
"incorrectText1": "totalitarian",
"incorrectText2": "dynastic rule",
"incorrectText3": "theocracy"
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "The Magna Carta, the Glorious Revolution, and the writings of John Locke all contributed to Great Britain�s development of",
"correctAnswerText": "parliamentary democracy",
"incorrectText1": "absolute monarchy",
"incorrectText2": "ethnic rivalries",
"incorrectText3": "imperialist policies"
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes the effects of the works of Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, Sir Isaac Newton, and Ren� Descartes?",
"correctAnswerText": "The scientific method was used to solve problems.",
"incorrectText1": "The acceptance of traditional authority was strengthened.",
"incorrectText2": "Funding to education was increased by the English government.",
"incorrectText3": "Interest in Greek and Roman drama was renewed."
}, {
"itemType": "3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5",
"questionText": "A major concept promoted by philosophers of the Enlightenment was the need for",
"correctAnswerText": "the use of reason for rational and logical thinking",
"incorrectText1": "a return to traditional medieval ideas",
"incorrectText2": "overseas expansion by western European nations",
"incorrectText3": "strengthening the power of the organized religions"
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": "-Congress of Vienna Restores Monarchy to France- -Czar Nicholas I Limits Freedom of the Russian Press- -Reform Movements Crushed in Hungary, Italy, and the German States-. These headlines could be described as",
"correctAnswerText": "reactions to the French Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "movements to unify all of western Europe",
"incorrectText2": "efforts to improve the conditions of factory workers",
"incorrectText3": "attempts to promote trade between European nations"
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "The French people supported Napoleon Bonaparte because they hoped he would",
"correctAnswerText": "provide stability for the nation",
"incorrectText1": "adopt the ideas of the Protestant Reformation",
"incorrectText2": "restore Louis XVI to power",
"incorrectText3": "end British control of France"
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes events in Japan during the period of the Meiji Restoration?",
"correctAnswerText": "Rapid industrialization and economic growth occurred.",
"incorrectText1": "Japan sought to isolate itself from world affairs.",
"incorrectText2": "Local lords increased their power over the Japanese emperor.",
"incorrectText3": "Agriculture was taken over by the government."
}, {
"itemType": "9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF",
"questionText": "During the 19th century, one effect of European imperialism on Africa was the",
"correctAnswerText": "exploitation of African natural resources by colonial powers",
"incorrectText1": "improvement of working conditions in Africa",
"incorrectText2": "African dependence on exportation of manufactured goods",
"incorrectText3": "African acceptance of the doctrine of the -White Man�s Burden-"
}, {
"itemType": "HARJ6XE78XNCXSA",
"questionText": "-Archduke Franz Ferdinand Assassinated!- -Germany Declares War on Russia and France!- -Peace Treaty Signed at Versailles!- Which event is referred to in these headlines?",
"correctAnswerText": "World War I",
"incorrectText1": "Franco-Prussian War",
"incorrectText2": "Crimean War",
"incorrectText3": "Cold War"
}, {
"itemType": "8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A",
"questionText": "One reason the Fascist governments of Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler came to power in Italy and Germany was that these nations",
"correctAnswerText": "faced economic and political difficulties",
"incorrectText1": "were threatened by the United States",
"incorrectText2": "supported civil liberties for all",
"incorrectText3": "failed to join the League of Nations"
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "Since the end of World War II, the nations of Western Europe have improved their economic position by",
"correctAnswerText": "increasing communication and cooperation in the region",
"incorrectText1": "colonizing African and Asian nations",
"incorrectText2": "isolating themselves from the rest of the world",
"incorrectText3": "rejecting membership in the United Nations"
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": "In the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin governed by means of secret police, censorship, and purges.This type of government is called",
"correctAnswerText": "totalitarian",
"incorrectText1": "democracy",
"incorrectText2": "limited monarchy",
"incorrectText3": "theocracy"
}, {
"itemType": "HSF4BRDGX2SXB69",
"questionText": "Which political trend exists in present-day Latin America?",
"correctAnswerText": "Democracy is replacing dictatorship.",
"incorrectText1": "Most countries are becoming military juntas.",
"incorrectText2": "Communism is spreading throughout the region.",
"incorrectText3": "Religious leaders are making government policy."
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "A scarcity of natural resources and the limits of its land area have forced Japan to focus on",
"correctAnswerText": "developing technological products for export",
"incorrectText1": "exporting agricultural products",
"incorrectText2": "expanding its command economy",
"incorrectText3": "returning to an isolationist policy"
}, {
"itemType": "IR07J676OISB4HU",
"questionText": "Which statement about the problems of Indian independence is a fact rather than an opinion?",
"correctAnswerText": "Muslim leaders wanted their own separate Muslim state.",
"incorrectText1": "Stronger government leadership would have prevented bloodshed.",
"incorrectText2": "Control of India by Great Britain brought more benefits than difficulties.",
"incorrectText3": "India would have been more prosperous if it had remained a colony."
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "The main goal of the Green Revolution was to",
"correctAnswerText": "solve chronic food shortages through the use of technology",
"incorrectText1": "prevent further destruction of the world�s rain forests",
"incorrectText2": "expand the economies of developing nations with foreign investment",
"incorrectText3": "insure that foreign aid was received by people with the greatest need"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "The principal aim of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the European Union is to",
"correctAnswerText": "increase economic cooperation between the member nations",
"incorrectText1": "keep communism out of the Western Hemisphere",
"incorrectText2": "reduce environmental pollution",
"incorrectText3": "eliminate global terrorism"
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "One way in which Sim�n Bol�var, Jomo Kenyatta, and Ho Chi Minh are similar is that each leader",
"correctAnswerText": "sought independence from colonial rule",
"incorrectText1": "ruled during a period of peace and prosperity",
"incorrectText2": "demanded human rights for all citizens",
"incorrectText3": "established a totalitarian government"
}, {
"itemType": "3S3OX0N305A2N1R",
"questionText": "The printing press, the astrolabe, and the Mercator projection were technological advances that contributed to the",
"correctAnswerText": "exploration and overseas expansion of the 1400�s and 1500�s",
"incorrectText1": "unification of Germany and Italy in the late 1800�s",
"incorrectText2": "growth of industry in Latin America during the late 1900�s",
"incorrectText3": "spread of Islam in the 700�s and 800�s"
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "Which historical events are in the correct chronological order?",
"correctAnswerText": "Neolithic Revolution � Roman Empire � Crusades � Renaissance",
"incorrectText1": "Crusades � Renaissance � Neolithic Revolution � Roman Empire",
"incorrectText2": "Roman Empire � Neolithic Revolution � Crusades � Renaissance",
"incorrectText3": "Renaissance � Neolithic Revolution � Crusades � Roman Empire"
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "Which empire introduced the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Cyrillic alphabet to Russia?",
"correctAnswerText": "Byzantine",
"incorrectText1": "Mongol",
"incorrectText2": "British",
"incorrectText3": "Gupta"
}, {
"itemType": "9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI",
"questionText": "Which revolution inspired Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels to express their ideas in The Communist Manifesto?",
"correctAnswerText": "Industrial",
"incorrectText1": "Glorious",
"incorrectText2": "Scientific",
"incorrectText3": "Neolithic"
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "� The United Nations Declaration of Human Rights � Article from Mohandas Gandhi�s Indian Opinion � Excerpt from the letters of Catherine the Great. These three documents are considered",
"correctAnswerText": "primary sources",
"incorrectText1": "secondary sources",
"incorrectText2": "examples of oral traditions",
"incorrectText3": "statements of different religious beliefs"
}, {
"itemType": "QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor was most important to the development of the early river valley civilizations?",
"correctAnswerText": "fertile soils",
"incorrectText1": "vast deserts",
"incorrectText2": "high mountains",
"incorrectText3": "smooth coastlines"
}, {
"itemType": "IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU",
"questionText": "The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, the Dome of the Rock, and the Western (Wailing) Wall are religious sites in Jerusalem. These sites symbolize the",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diversity of the Middle East",
"incorrectText1": "Roman domination of the Mediterranean region in the 1st century",
"incorrectText2": "limited architectural skills of builders in the Middle East",
"incorrectText3": "geographic isolation of the city"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "Which values are most closely associated with the fundamental principles of Buddhism?",
"correctAnswerText": "practicing nonviolence and giving up worldly desires",
"incorrectText1": "competition and financial success",
"incorrectText2": "maintaining the caste system and providing education for all people",
"incorrectText3": "self-determination and democracy"
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "A major goal of the Christian Church during the Crusades (1096�1291) was to",
"correctAnswerText": "capture the Holy Land from Islamic rulers",
"incorrectText1": "establish Christianity in western Europe",
"incorrectText2": "unite warring Arab peoples",
"incorrectText3": "strengthen English dominance in the Arab world"
}, {
"itemType": "UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U",
"questionText": "An important contribution of the Byzantine Empire to Russia is the establishment in Russia of",
"correctAnswerText": "Orthodox Christianity",
"incorrectText1": "representative democracy",
"incorrectText2": "a free-market economy",
"incorrectText3": "a jury system"
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "Martin Luther�s posting of the Ninety-Five Theses is considered by many to be a turning point in history because",
"correctAnswerText": "the power of the Roman Catholic Church was lessened and royal power grew",
"incorrectText1": "the Pope�s right to sell indulgences was strengthened",
"incorrectText2": "Luther soon became the leader of Germany",
"incorrectText3": "the Roman Catholic Church unified the German states"
}, {
"itemType": "8UKFL9QB8570RXP",
"questionText": "In the 1600�s, the interest of Europeans in Africa was based mainly on Europe�s need to",
"correctAnswerText": "obtain workers for its colonies in the Americas",
"incorrectText1": "market its surplus agricultural products",
"incorrectText2": "establish collective security arrangements",
"incorrectText3": "settle its surplus population on new lands"
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "In Spain, an effect of the Inquisition during the 16th century was to",
"correctAnswerText": "prevent the introduction of Protestant religions",
"incorrectText1": "reintroduce Moorish culture to the Iberian Peninsula",
"incorrectText2": "encourage the development of the Industrial Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "implement the ideas of the Renaissance in major cities"
}, {
"itemType": "HI4X8VLDXB6CU97",
"questionText": "� Suleiman held complete religious and political power. � Charles I stormed the English Parliament. � Peter the Great expanded serfdom in Russia. The actions of these leaders reflect the concept of",
"correctAnswerText": "absolutism",
"incorrectText1": "scientific theory",
"incorrectText2": "mercantilism",
"incorrectText3": "natural rights"
}, {
"itemType": "38CTTRF38X7325C",
"questionText": "� Europeans sought new markets for their goods. � Many Europeans migrated to the cities in search of jobs. � European middle class gained political power. What was the major cause of these changes in Europe?",
"correctAnswerText": "Industrial Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Congress of Vienna",
"incorrectText2": "rise of feudalism",
"incorrectText3": "French Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9",
"questionText": "Sim�n Bol�var, Jos� de San Mart�n, and Toussaint l�Ouverture are important in Latin American history because they were",
"correctAnswerText": "leaders of liberation movements",
"incorrectText1": "20th-century caudillos",
"incorrectText2": "members of the Organization of American States (OAS)",
"incorrectText3": "winners of the Nobel Peace Prize"
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "An analysis of the Russo-Japanese War and the Boer War shows that one reason nations go to war is to",
"correctAnswerText": "satisfy imperialist goals",
"incorrectText1": "assist oppressed people",
"incorrectText2": "spread religious beliefs",
"incorrectText3": "honor provisions of a treaty"
}, {
"itemType": "SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ",
"questionText": "What did Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels believe would be the result when communism finally emerged as the dominant political and economic system?",
"correctAnswerText": "All the evils of industrial society would disappear.",
"incorrectText1": "Only two classes would exist in society.",
"incorrectText2": "The Soviet Union would become the world�s only superpower.",
"incorrectText3": "Citizens would own their individual homes and farms."
}, {
"itemType": "FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP",
"questionText": "Which statement best expresses the motive for 19th-century European imperialism?",
"correctAnswerText": "Imperialism would benefit the economies of the colonial powers.",
"incorrectText1": "Living space was needed for the excess population in western Europe.",
"incorrectText2": "European leaders believed imperialism was an effective method of reducing the number of wars.",
"incorrectText3": "European nations would benefit from some aspects of the conquered nation�s culture."
}, {
"itemType": "YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3",
"questionText": "In the 1920�s and 1930�s, the rise of totalitarian governments in Germany, Italy, and Spain was largely the result of",
"correctAnswerText": "severe economic and social problems that arose in Europe after World War I",
"incorrectText1": "the success of the Communists in establishing a command economy in the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText2": "the active support of the United States",
"incorrectText3": "movements demanding the return of the old monarchies"
}, {
"itemType": "MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI",
"questionText": "The borders that were established for many African nations during the late 1800�s were based primarily on",
"correctAnswerText": "territorial claims of colonial rulers",
"incorrectText1": "natural geographic barriers",
"incorrectText2": "easy access to natural resources",
"incorrectText3": "cultural differences between ethnic groups"
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes a relationship between World War I and the Bolshevik Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "World War I created conditions in Russia that helped trigger a revolution.",
"incorrectText1": "World War I postponed the revolution in Russia by restoring confidence in the Czar.",
"incorrectText2": "Opposing Russian forces cooperated to fight the foreign invaders.",
"incorrectText3": "World War I gave the Czar�s army the needed experience to suppress the revolution."
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "The major impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany was that the treaty led to",
"correctAnswerText": "an increase in Germany�s desire to regain its power and prestige",
"incorrectText1": "an era of peace and international good will in Germany",
"incorrectText2": "a stable Germany that was both democratic and strong",
"incorrectText3": "a leadership position for Germany in the League of Nations"
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "During the mid-1930�s, which characteristic was common to Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, and Communist Russia?",
"correctAnswerText": "one-party system that denied basic human rights",
"incorrectText1": "government ownership of the means of production and distribution",
"incorrectText2": "encouragement of individual freedom of expression in the arts",
"incorrectText3": "emphasis on consumer goods rather than on weapons"
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "-It has impoverished the dumb millions by a system of progressive exploitation. . . . It has reduced us politically to serfdom. It has sapped the foundation of our culture . . . and degraded us spiritually.- �Mohandas K. Gandhi, 1930. In the statement, the -It- referred to by Gandhi is",
"correctAnswerText": "British imperialism in India",
"incorrectText1": "India�s involvement in World War II",
"incorrectText2": "the exploitation of the proletariat by the bourgeoisie",
"incorrectText3": "the British endorsement of apartheid in South Africa"
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "-(William) Hague and his supporters are skeptical of further integration into the European Union, saying it undermines British sovereignty, and fear that the single currency�scheduled to go into effect in 1999�would increase European influence in Britain.-. In this news report, William Hague seems to support the concept of",
"correctAnswerText": "nationalism",
"incorrectText1": "westernization",
"incorrectText2": "oligarchy",
"incorrectText3": "liberalism"
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "Since the creation of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), member nations have joined together to",
"correctAnswerText": "determine the supply of oil on the world market",
"incorrectText1": "establish a policy of independence in trade",
"incorrectText2": "maintain a low price of oil per barrel",
"incorrectText3": "isolate themselves from the rest of the world"
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "To maintain its economic position, Japan has often limited the number of cars or the quantity of farm products that the United States can sell in Japan. Japan has imposed these limits to develop",
"correctAnswerText": "a favorable balance of trade",
"incorrectText1": "an equality-of-trade position",
"incorrectText2": "a more open market",
"incorrectText3": "a belief system"
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "A main goal of the European Union (European Economic Community) in the 1990�s has been to strengthen European",
"correctAnswerText": "interdependence",
"incorrectText1": "isolationism",
"incorrectText2": "socialism",
"incorrectText3": "colonization"
}, {
"itemType": "0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ",
"questionText": "A sense of national unity has been difficult to maintain in India because of",
"correctAnswerText": "the desire of religious groups for greater autonomy",
"incorrectText1": "its reliance on foreign aid",
"incorrectText2": "the emergence of a mixed economic system",
"incorrectText3": "the continuing influence of militarism."
}, {
"itemType": "LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z",
"questionText": "What would a study of the recent civil wars in Cambodia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Rwanda show about these conflicts?",
"correctAnswerText": "Genocide was used as a political and military tactic.",
"incorrectText1": "Civilians were not affected by these disputes.",
"incorrectText2": "Ethnic conflict was not a factor in the late 20th century.",
"incorrectText3": "The United Nations was successful in resolving these disputes."
}, {
"itemType": "6J6SIRWPNI6IONR",
"questionText": "A negative impact of the use of modern technology is that",
"correctAnswerText": "levels of air and water pollution often increase",
"incorrectText1": "economic opportunities are frequently limited",
"incorrectText2": "contacts with other cultures decrease",
"incorrectText3": "international trade is limited"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "In Latin America, the deforestation of the Amazon rain forest has led to",
"correctAnswerText": "environmental dangers",
"incorrectText1": "the maintenance of a traditional way of life",
"incorrectText2": "the discovery of new medicines",
"incorrectText3": "overpopulation in rural regions"
}, {
"itemType": "TX38PQXUNZK77UN",
"questionText": "In recent years, companies from industrialized nations have been building production facilities in Latin American nations. This economic change is mostly due to the region�s",
"correctAnswerText": "supply of inexpensive labor",
"incorrectText1": "favorable climate",
"incorrectText2": "capital resources",
"incorrectText3": "political stability"
}, {
"itemType": "IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW",
"questionText": "The statements below refer to changes in Afghanistan in the 1990�s. � The Taliban controls the government. � Women must clothe themselves from head to toe.� Men are required to grow beards. � Girls are not allowed to attend school. These changes in Afghanistan have resulted from a movement toward",
"correctAnswerText": "Islamic fundamentalism",
"incorrectText1": "Marxist ideology",
"incorrectText2": "liberation theology",
"incorrectText3": "constitutional reforms"
}, {
"itemType": "B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68",
"questionText": "A similarity of the goals of Nelson Mandela and Mohandas Gandhi is that both leaders wanted to",
"correctAnswerText": "secure political power for the majority of the people",
"incorrectText1": "encourage a greater degree of industrialization",
"incorrectText2": "improve the economy by expanding governmental control",
"incorrectText3": "gain independence from the Soviet Union"
}, {
"itemType": "Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV",
"questionText": "Throughout much of history, both China and Japan held a common view that other nations were",
"correctAnswerText": "barbarians not worthy of their attention",
"incorrectText1": "valued sources of worthwhile knowledge",
"incorrectText2": "envoys of an advanced civilization",
"incorrectText3": "sources of cheap labor and goods"
}, {
"itemType": "0WK63DOOS2FXIQR",
"questionText": "The economic policy of mercantilism first developed during the",
"correctAnswerText": "Age of Exploration",
"incorrectText1": "Cold War",
"incorrectText2": "Enlightenment",
"incorrectText3": "Green Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "Which factor was common to the societies in ancient Athens (6th�5th centuries B.C.) and in Renaissance Italy (A.D. 1400)?",
"correctAnswerText": "Humanism was the central philosophy.",
"incorrectText1": "Leaders were elected by a parliament.",
"incorrectText2": "Civil liberties were given to all inhabitants.",
"incorrectText3": "Rich landowners had little power."
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "Historians are interested in studying Maya ruins in Mexico, the haiku poetry of Japan, and the music of Chopin because such cultural and intellectual developments",
"correctAnswerText": "reflect the values of that society",
"incorrectText1": "illustrate the economic status of individuals in that society",
"incorrectText2": "help to explain the role of geography in that society",
"incorrectText3": "reveal the political structure of that society"
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "A similarity of the rule of the ancient Mongols and the ancient Greeks is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "established vast empires and spread their culturesto the people they conquered",
"incorrectText1": "protected the human rights of the peoples they controlled",
"incorrectText2": "destroyed the civilizations they defeated",
"incorrectText3": "remained isolated and peaceful for centuries "
}]
},
{
"itemId": "01CA17FC177DE8A8A2C4503",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2003 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2003 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{
"itemType": "FU9DRRDLASG0B18",
"questionText": "Studying oral histories, archaeological evidence, and cultural histories are methods most often used by",
"correctAnswerText": "anthropologists",
"incorrectText1": "economists",
"incorrectText2": "philosophers",
"incorrectText3": "political scientists"
}, {
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "When studying ancient civilizations, a geographer would be most interested in looking at",
"correctAnswerText": "climatic influences on food production",
"incorrectText1": "language as a form of expression",
"incorrectText2": "family structure",
"incorrectText3": "standards for leadership"
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "Most traditional societies are",
"correctAnswerText": "closely linked to the natural environment",
"incorrectText1": "located near large urban areas",
"incorrectText2": "organized around complex economic systems",
"incorrectText3": "dependent on manufacturing"
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "One way in which the Huang He, the Indus, and the Nile civilizations were similar is that they each",
"correctAnswerText": "originated in river valleys",
"incorrectText1": "flourished by trading salt and gold",
"incorrectText2": "developed monotheistic religions",
"incorrectText3": "suffered repeated invasions"
}, {
"itemType": "V1LX77TKH98RRK5",
"questionText": "The Code of Hammurabi and the Twelve Tables were designed to",
"correctAnswerText": "create a stable society",
"incorrectText1": "promote peaceful relations with other cultures",
"incorrectText2": "provide a framework for the development of democracy",
"incorrectText3": "emphasize the importance of life after death"
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "The terms Brahma, dharma, and moksha are most closely associated with which religion?",
"correctAnswerText": "Hinduism",
"incorrectText1": "Judaism",
"incorrectText2": "Islam",
"incorrectText3": "animism"
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "Constantinople became the center of the Byzantine Empire because",
"correctAnswerText": "its location made it the crossroads of Europe and Asia",
"incorrectText1": "the pope had made it the capital of the Christian world",
"incorrectText2": "it was a religious center for Muslims",
"incorrectText3": "it was geographically isolated from surrounding empires"
}, {
"itemType": "W51PW4MEE1QROQ1",
"questionText": "During the 1500s, technological advances in navigation, naval engineering, and mapmaking contributed directly to the start of the",
"correctAnswerText": "Age of Exploration",
"incorrectText1": "Gupta Empire",
"incorrectText2": "Mongol Empire",
"incorrectText3": "medieval guilds"
}, {
"itemType": "5XGL523ABIUTY7R",
"questionText": "The revival of Greek and Roman culture, the economic growth of Italian city-states in the 1400s, and the development of humanism were aspects of the",
"correctAnswerText": "European Renaissance",
"incorrectText1": "Age of Revolutions",
"incorrectText2": "Protestant Reformation",
"incorrectText3": "spread of Islam"
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "A direct result of the conquest of Tenochtitl�n by Hern�n Cort�s in 1521 was the",
"correctAnswerText": "fall of the Aztec Empire",
"incorrectText1": "expulsion of Jews and Muslims from Spain",
"incorrectText2": "establishment of Portuguese trade routes around Africa",
"incorrectText3": "conquest of the Kush Kingdom"
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "The success of the triangular trade system depended on increasing",
"correctAnswerText": "slave trade in the Western Hemisphere",
"incorrectText1": "political independence of the Caribbean nations",
"incorrectText2": "emphasis on free trade in European nations",
"incorrectText3": "industrialization of the South American colonies"
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "The spread of Islam into the kingdoms of Ghana and Mali resulted from",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText1": "imperialism",
"incorrectText2": "ethnocentrism",
"incorrectText3": "self-determination"
}, {
"itemType": "3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5",
"questionText": "Which quotation was most likely made by an absolute monarch?",
"correctAnswerText": "-I am the state.-",
"incorrectText1": "-The government that governs best, governs least.-",
"incorrectText2": "-The government must be based on a sound constitution.-",
"incorrectText3": "-It is the parliament that must make the laws.-"
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": "The Glorious Revolution in England resulted in the",
"correctAnswerText": "formation of a limited monarchy",
"incorrectText1": "strengthening of divine right rule",
"incorrectText2": "weakening of Parliament�s power of the purse",
"incorrectText3": "end of civil liberties guaranteed by the Petition of Right"
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "One similarity of the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "emphasized the value of human reasoning",
"incorrectText1": "had the support of the Roman Catholic Church",
"incorrectText2": "placed great value on traditional beliefs",
"incorrectText3": "contributed to the end of feudalism"
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": "-Americans today, and perhaps to a greater extent than ever before, who live within the Spanish system, occupy a position in society no better than that of serfs destined for labor, or at best they have no more status than that of mere consumers. . . .- This quotation, written in September 1815, represents the views of",
"correctAnswerText": "Sim�n Bol�var",
"incorrectText1": "Martin Luther",
"incorrectText2": "Catherine the Great",
"incorrectText3": "Adam Smith"
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": "Which 19th century ideology led to the unification of Germany and of Italy and to the eventual breakup of Austria-Hungary and of the Ottoman Empire?",
"correctAnswerText": "nationalism",
"incorrectText1": "imperialism",
"incorrectText2": "liberalism",
"incorrectText3": "socialism"
}, {
"itemType": "9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF",
"questionText": "-Famine seems to be the last, the most dreadful resource of nature. The power of population is so superior to the power in the earth to provide subsistence for man, that premature death must in some shape or other visit the human race. . . .-� Thomas Malthus, -Essay on Population,- 1798. This prediction proved to be wrong in part because of increases in",
"correctAnswerText": "farm productivity",
"incorrectText1": "ethnic cleansing",
"incorrectText2": "the number of wars",
"incorrectText3": "the number of droughts"
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "The Meiji Restoration in Japan was prompted in part by",
"correctAnswerText": "a fear that Japan would be colonized by western nations",
"incorrectText1": "the failure of Japanese expansion",
"incorrectText2": "the Shogun�s conversion to Christianity",
"incorrectText3": "a desire to stay isolated"
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": "Growing nationalism and militarism in Europe and the creation of secret alliances were",
"correctAnswerText": "causes of World War I",
"incorrectText1": "reasons for the rise of democracy",
"incorrectText2": "requirements for economic development",
"incorrectText3": "reasons for the collapse of communism"
}, {
"itemType": "HSF4BRDGX2SXB69",
"questionText": "The Japanese, the Germans, and the Italians pursued a policy of expansionism before World War II to gain",
"correctAnswerText": "natural resources",
"incorrectText1": "warm-water ports",
"incorrectText2": "manufacturing plants",
"incorrectText3": "freedom of the seas"
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "Which statement is most accurate concerning the effect of geography on the history of Poland?",
"correctAnswerText": "The northern European Plain has made Poland vulnerable to invasion.",
"incorrectText1": "Natural barriers have isolated and protected Poland.",
"incorrectText2": "Mountains have restricted the diffusion of Polish culture.",
"incorrectText3": "The absence of seaports has limited Polish economic growth"
}, {
"itemType": "IR07J676OISB4HU",
"questionText": "The Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931 and Hitler�s rebuilding of the German military in 1935 demonstrate the",
"correctAnswerText": "failure of the League of Nations",
"incorrectText1": "success of defensive alliances",
"incorrectText2": "fear of communist expansion",
"incorrectText3": "support for the Treaty of Versailles"
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "Which action illustrates the concept of genocide?",
"correctAnswerText": "the Nazi armies eliminating the Jews and other groups as part of Adolf Hitler�s Final Solution",
"incorrectText1": "the British negotiating peace with Adolf Hitler during the 1938 Munich Conference",
"incorrectText2": "Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin signing a nonaggression pact in 1939",
"incorrectText3": "German generals plotting against Adolf Hitler"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "The purpose of the Marshall Plan was to",
"correctAnswerText": "provide for economic recovery in Western Europe",
"incorrectText1": "restore Japanese economic development",
"incorrectText2": "provide military aid to Middle Eastern allies",
"incorrectText3": "assure nationalist success in the Chinese civil war"
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "The Truman Doctrine, Korean War, crisis in Guatemala, and Soviet invasion of Afghanistan were all",
"correctAnswerText": "events of the Cold War",
"incorrectText1": "reasons for the Industrial Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "examples of Japanese imperialism",
"incorrectText3": "causes of World War II"
}, {
"itemType": "3S3OX0N305A2N1R",
"questionText": "Mikhail Gorbachev instituted the policies of glasnost and perestroika to",
"correctAnswerText": "reform the Soviet Union politically and economically",
"incorrectText1": "reinforce the basic economic principles of communism",
"incorrectText2": "bring the Soviet Union into the European Economic Community",
"incorrectText3": "gain acceptance for free political elections"
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "During the late 20th century, in which area did deforestation become a serious problem?",
"correctAnswerText": "Amazon Basin",
"incorrectText1": "Great European Plain",
"incorrectText2": "Deccan Plateau",
"incorrectText3": "Great Rift Valley"
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "The problems created by the deterioration of the Earth�s ozone layer and increases in the amounts of acid rain suggest a worldwide need for",
"correctAnswerText": "stricter pollution regulations",
"incorrectText1": "rapid industrialization of developing economies",
"incorrectText2": "better health-care programs",
"incorrectText3": "nuclear-powered electric generating facilities"
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "Since the 1960s, famine in many parts of the world has been reduced by",
"correctAnswerText": "the Green Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "increased urbanization",
"incorrectText2": "global warming",
"incorrectText3": "laissez-faire capitalism"
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "Mahatma Gandhi and Jomo Kenyatta were similar in that both",
"correctAnswerText": "sought to gain independence from Great Britain",
"incorrectText1": "supported colonial policies",
"incorrectText2": "led a worldwide boycott of British goods",
"incorrectText3": "used violent revolution to achieve their aims"
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "� Sunnis and Shiites have different views about who should lead the Muslim faith. � Today some Hindus follow caste rules more closely than others do. � Most Buddhists belong to one of two main sects. � Christianity is practiced by both Catholics and Protestants. Which generalization is supported by the information in these four statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "In many religions, a range of beliefs often exists.",
"incorrectText1": "A belief in a god is common to all religions.",
"incorrectText2": "A hierarchy of leadership exists in all religions.",
"incorrectText3": "Religion is becoming less important to people."
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "Which feature would most often be shown on a political map?",
"correctAnswerText": "capital cities",
"incorrectText1": "topography",
"incorrectText2": "type of climate",
"incorrectText3": "elevation"
}, {
"itemType": "M6L7YCS6YVBNI48",
"questionText": "The geographic isolation of a society most often leads to the",
"correctAnswerText": "strengthening of traditional culture",
"incorrectText1": "development of trade",
"incorrectText2": "promotion of cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText3": "growth of international alliances"
}, {
"itemType": "TBIDXY8QT09WZDG",
"questionText": "In a traditional economic system, which type of goods is most often produced?",
"correctAnswerText": "agricultural products",
"incorrectText1": "heavy industrial machinery",
"incorrectText2": "military supplies",
"incorrectText3": "electronics and computers"
}, {
"itemType": "QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD",
"questionText": "One reason the Euphrates, Indus, Nile, and Tigris valleys became centers of early civilization is that these valleys had",
"correctAnswerText": "the means for irrigation and transportation",
"incorrectText1": "borders and elevations that were easy to defend",
"incorrectText2": "rich deposits of coal and iron ores",
"incorrectText3": "locations in regions of moderate climate and abundant rainfall"
}, {
"itemType": "IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU",
"questionText": "Hammurabi�s Code, the Ten Commandments, and the Twelve Tables were all significant to their societies because they established",
"correctAnswerText": "rules of behavior",
"incorrectText1": "democratic governments",
"incorrectText2": "official religions",
"incorrectText3": "economic systems"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "Which quotation from the teachings of Confucius is most similar to the Golden Rule from Judeo- Christian teaching?",
"correctAnswerText": "-Do not do to others what you do not wish for yourself.-",
"incorrectText1": "-If a ruler is upright, all will go well without orders.-",
"incorrectText2": "-By nature, men are pretty much alike. It is learning and practice that set them apart.-",
"incorrectText3": "-While a father or mother is alive, a son should not travel far.-"
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "The West African kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai experienced economic prosperity because they all",
"correctAnswerText": "traded with many other nations",
"incorrectText1": "controlled vast reserves of oil and gold",
"incorrectText2": "maintained highly structured feudal systems",
"incorrectText3": "solved tribal conflicts within their empires"
}, {
"itemType": "UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U",
"questionText": "-The countries beyond the horizon and from the ends of the Earth have all become subjects and to the most western of the western or the most northern of the northern countries however far away they may be.- � Ming dynasty official. The intent of this statement about the Ming dynasty was to",
"correctAnswerText": "demonstrate supremacy and strength in China",
"incorrectText1": "control the Mongols",
"incorrectText2": "stop European imperialism",
"incorrectText3": "impose Chinese culture and slavery on neighboring countries"
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo were similar in that both",
"correctAnswerText": "produced written records of their extensive travels",
"incorrectText1": "ruled over vast empires that included diverse peoples",
"incorrectText2": "converted thousands of people to Christianity",
"incorrectText3": "fought to free their people from Mongol rule"
}, {
"itemType": "FX96LMXJUNBPTWL",
"questionText": "The global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas is known as the",
"correctAnswerText": "Columbian Exchange",
"incorrectText1": "Scientific Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "New Imperialism",
"incorrectText3": "Middle Passage"
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": "One way Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII were similar is that they all were",
"correctAnswerText": "Reformation leaders",
"incorrectText1": "Latin American revolutionary leaders",
"incorrectText2": "Impressionist painters",
"incorrectText3": "divine right monarchs"
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "Which economic theory, developed in the 17th century, supported European colonialism?",
"correctAnswerText": "mercantilism",
"incorrectText1": "socialism",
"incorrectText2": "bartering",
"incorrectText3": "feudalism"
}, {
"itemType": "38CTTRF38X7325C",
"questionText": "Which list of French leaders is in the correct chronological order?",
"correctAnswerText": "Louis XVI ? Robespierre ? Napoleon",
"incorrectText1": "Louis XVI ? Napoleon ? Robespierre",
"incorrectText2": "Robespierre ? Napoleon ? Louis XVI",
"incorrectText3": "Napoleon ? Louis XVI ? Robespierre"
}, {
"itemType": "FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP",
"questionText": "Which factors helped cause the defeat of Napoleon during his invasion of Russia?",
"correctAnswerText": "the severe winters and large size of Russia",
"incorrectText1": "the many rivers and mountains of Russia",
"incorrectText2": "the coalition between the Russian czar and the democratic leaders",
"incorrectText3": "the well-trained and well-supplied Russian army"
}, {
"itemType": "YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3",
"questionText": "One of the most important motives for the European -Scramble for Africa- in the late 1800s was that Africa provided a source of",
"correctAnswerText": "raw materials used in industry",
"incorrectText1": "religious inspiration",
"incorrectText2": "free labor for the Americas",
"incorrectText3": "technologically innovative practices"
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "Which social class controlled most of the political, economic, and social power in colonial Latin America?",
"correctAnswerText": "peninsulares",
"incorrectText1": "creoles",
"incorrectText2": " mestizos",
"incorrectText3": "native people"
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "Which statement explains the decline in unemployment rates in Britain between 1914 and 1918?",
"correctAnswerText": "World War I generated jobs at home in England and in the military.",
"incorrectText1": "Many new jobs were available in Britain�s African colonies.",
"incorrectText2": "Assembly-line production of consumer goods required more workers.",
"incorrectText3": "The British were buying huge amounts of war materials from the United States."
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "The Treaty of Versailles contributed to the economic collapse of Germany after World War I by",
"correctAnswerText": "requiring that Germany pay for war damages",
"incorrectText1": "mandating economic reforms in Germany",
"incorrectText2": "placing a quota on goods exported from Germany",
"incorrectText3": "devaluing German currency"
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "A key principle of the economic theory of communism is",
"correctAnswerText": "government ownership of property",
"incorrectText1": "restoration of a bartering system",
"incorrectText2": "organization of workers� unions",
"incorrectText3": "privatization of business"
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "-A civilized, international dress is worthy and appropriate for our nation, and we will wear it. Boots or shoes on our feet, trousers on our legs, shirt and tie, jacket and waistcoat�and of course, to complete these, a cover with a brim on our heads. I want to make this clear. This head-covering is called �hat�.- � Kemal Atat�rk. The clothing rules established by Kemal Atat�rk indicated that he wanted Turkey to",
"correctAnswerText": "westernize its society",
"incorrectText1": "retain its traditional culture",
"incorrectText2": "give women equal rights",
"incorrectText3": "establish Islamic fundamentalism"
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "During World War II, which event occurred last?",
"correctAnswerText": "United States bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki",
"incorrectText1": "German invasion of Poland",
"incorrectText2": "Russian defense of Stalingrad",
"incorrectText3": "Japanese invasion of Manchuria"
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "During World War II, the Allied invasion of France on D-Day (June 6, 1944) was significant because it",
"correctAnswerText": "forced Germans to fight a two-front war",
"incorrectText1": "demonstrated the power of the atomic bomb",
"incorrectText2": "resulted in a successful German revolt against Hitler and the Nazi Party",
"incorrectText3": "led to the immediate surrender of German and Italian forces"
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "After World War II, the Soviet Union maintained control of many Eastern European nations mainly because these nations were",
"correctAnswerText": "extensions of communist power",
"incorrectText1": "a source of new technology and skilled labor",
"incorrectText2": "near warm-water ports on the Mediterranean Sea",
"incorrectText3": "members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)"
}, {
"itemType": "0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ",
"questionText": "One similarity in the actions of Ho Chi Minh and Jomo Kenyatta was that both leaders",
"correctAnswerText": "led nationalist movements",
"incorrectText1": "introduced Western ideas to their societies",
"incorrectText2": "established democratic forms of government",
"incorrectText3": "supported separation of church and state"
}, {
"itemType": "LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z",
"questionText": "Which statement describes the economic history of Japan since World War II?",
"correctAnswerText": "Japan has developed a strong economic base built on the export of manufactured goods.",
"incorrectText1": "Japan has been limited in industrial development by the occupation of the United States.",
"incorrectText2": "Japan has withdrawn from the world economic community and has practiced economic selfsufficiency.",
"incorrectText3": "Japan has concentrated on rebuilding its defense industries."
}, {
"itemType": "6J6SIRWPNI6IONR",
"questionText": "Since the 1980s, Chinese leaders have tried to improve China�s economy by implementing a policy of",
"correctAnswerText": "limited free enterprise",
"incorrectText1": "isolation",
"incorrectText2": "collectivization",
"incorrectText3": "representative government"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "During the Cold War, the Soviet Union and the democracies in the West competed for influence in the Middle East because of its",
"correctAnswerText": "strategic location and valuable resources",
"incorrectText1": "vast fertile farmlands and rivers",
"incorrectText2": "large well-educated population",
"incorrectText3": "industrial potential"
}, {
"itemType": "TX38PQXUNZK77UN",
"questionText": "Which statement about the spread of nuclear weapons is a fact rather than an opinion?",
"correctAnswerText": "The United States and Russia signed the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaties during the 1970s.",
"incorrectText1": "Nations possessing nuclear weapons should not have to limit the production of weapons.",
"incorrectText2": "The spread of nuclear weapons was a smaller problem in the 1990s than it was in the 1970s.",
"incorrectText3": "Only developing nations are concerned about the spread of nuclear weapons."
}, {
"itemType": "IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW",
"questionText": "In the 1990s, what was the most severe threat to the physical environments of Brazil, Costa Rica, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire)?",
"correctAnswerText": "destruction of the rain forests",
"incorrectText1": "spread of urban centers",
"incorrectText2": "nuclear waste disposal",
"incorrectText3": "increased immigration"
}, {
"itemType": "B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68",
"questionText": "� Magna Carta signed by King John � Habeas Corpus Act passed during the rule of Charles II � Bill of Rights agreed to by William and Mary. These events in English history were similar in that they all",
"correctAnswerText": "limited the power of the monarch",
"incorrectText1": "promoted religious freedom",
"incorrectText2": "provided universal suffrage",
"incorrectText3": "supported divine right theory"
}, {
"itemType": "Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV",
"questionText": "� Invention of the compass and astrolabe � European dependence on spices from Asia � Rise of nation-states in Europe. These developments influenced the start of the",
"correctAnswerText": "Age of Exploration",
"incorrectText1": "Crusades",
"incorrectText2": "Reformation",
"incorrectText3": "Renaissance"
}, {
"itemType": "0WK63DOOS2FXIQR",
"questionText": "� Buddhism is introduced into Japan around A.D. 1200. � Islam extends from the Middle East into Spain by A.D. 732. � Catholic and Protestant missionaries bring Christianity to Africa in the 1800s. Each of these statements reflects the concept of",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText1": "civil disobedience",
"incorrectText2": "urbanization",
"incorrectText3": "isolationism"
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "Which geographic characteristic is shared by both Greece and Japan?",
"correctAnswerText": "irregular coastline",
"incorrectText1": "navigable rivers",
"incorrectText2": "tropical rain forests",
"incorrectText3": "abundant mineral resources"
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "In which field of study do people learn about the development of early human beings?",
"correctAnswerText": "anthropology",
"incorrectText1": "economics",
"incorrectText2": "political science",
"incorrectText3": "cartography"
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "Which document is an example of a primary source?",
"correctAnswerText": "a diary of a Holocaust survivor",
"incorrectText1": "a novel on the Age of Discovery",
"incorrectText2": "a textbook on Latin American history",
"incorrectText3": "an encyclopedia article on Songhai culture"
}, {
"itemType": "RQFKPE3OR6A25JD",
"questionText": "Hunting and gathering, subsistence agriculture, and the barter system are characteristics of a",
"correctAnswerText": "traditional economy",
"incorrectText1": "market economy",
"incorrectText2": "command economy",
"incorrectText3": "mixed economy"
}, {
"itemType": "I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ",
"questionText": "Hammurabi�s code of laws and Qin dynasty legalism are similar in that both promoted the idea that",
"correctAnswerText": "harsh punishments for crimes will lead to a more orderly society",
"incorrectText1": "worship of leaders will maintain the power of an empire",
"incorrectText2": "an informed citizenry will help maintain peace and prosperity",
"incorrectText3": "equality of the people is the most important goal of government"
}, {
"itemType": "6KQZN538LCU7K9W",
"questionText": "An important factor that prevented the ancient Greek city-states from uniting to form a single nation was the",
"correctAnswerText": "mountainous topography of the region",
"incorrectText1": "lack of a common language",
"incorrectText2": "size of the desert regions",
"incorrectText3": "cold, hostile climate"
}, {
"itemType": "XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG",
"questionText": "China under the Han dynasty and the Roman Empire were similar in that both grew wealthy because they",
"correctAnswerText": "developed extensive trade networks",
"incorrectText1": "created classless societies",
"incorrectText2": "encouraged democratic ideals",
"incorrectText3": "established free-market economies"
}, {
"itemType": "LFNB87QHK1KPSO1",
"questionText": "Judaism, Islam, and Christianity share a belief in",
"correctAnswerText": "an ethical code of conduct and monotheism",
"incorrectText1": "papal supremacy",
"incorrectText2": "teachings of the Koran (Quran)",
"incorrectText3": "reincarnation and the Four Noble Truths"
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "Feudalism influenced Europe and Japan by",
"correctAnswerText": "providing social stability",
"incorrectText1": "fostering the growth of religion",
"incorrectText2": "eliminating warfare",
"incorrectText3": "encouraging formal education"
}, {
"itemType": "34BUUBUS07QUA6M",
"questionText": "-. . . Christian warriors, He who gave His life for you, today demands yours in return. These are combats worthy of you, combats in which it is glorious to conquer and advantageous to die. Illustrious knights, generous defenders of the Cross, remember the examples of your fathers who conquered Jerusalem, and whose names are inscribed in Heaven; abandon then the things that perish, to gather unfading palms, and conquer a Kingdom which has no end.- � St. Bernard of Clairvaux. This statement was most likely used to encourage people to",
"correctAnswerText": "join the Crusades",
"incorrectText1": "repel a Viking invasion",
"incorrectText2": "stop advancement of the Huns in Europe",
"incorrectText3": "force Russians to convert to Catholicism"
}, {
"itemType": "NORRDWZROR868GG",
"questionText": "One similarity between the Mongols of Central Asia and the Incas of South America was that both societies",
"correctAnswerText": "adapted to difficult physical environments",
"incorrectText1": "developed cash-crop farming",
"incorrectText2": "based their wealth on the slave trade",
"incorrectText3": "practiced monotheistic religions"
}, {
"itemType": "20E6K97FCPOIUK3",
"questionText": "The Renaissance in western Europe is best described as a period marked by",
"correctAnswerText": "great intellectual and artistic creativity",
"incorrectText1": "unquestioned reliance on the teachings of Aristotle",
"incorrectText2": "an advance of Muslim culture",
"incorrectText3": "Christian unity throughout the region"
}, {
"itemType": "5MH112LCJ8OZFJM",
"questionText": "After contact with Europeans in the 1500s, millions of native peoples in the Americas died as a result of",
"correctAnswerText": "new diseases to which the native peoples had no natural immunity",
"incorrectText1": "new foods, which the native peoples could not digest",
"incorrectText2": "religious persecution resulting from the Spanish Inquisition",
"incorrectText3": "slavery and the terrible conditions on their sea journey to Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "During the Age of Absolutism (1600s and 1700s), European monarchs tried to",
"correctAnswerText": "centralize political power within their nations",
"incorrectText1": "increase individual rights for their citizens",
"incorrectText2": "develop stronger relations with Islamic rulers",
"incorrectText3": "encourage the growth of collective farms"
}, {
"itemType": "9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ",
"questionText": "The writings of the 18th-century French philosophers Diderot, Rousseau, and Voltaire influenced the",
"correctAnswerText": "policies of the enlightened despots",
"incorrectText1": "start of the Neolithic Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "success of the German unification movement",
"incorrectText3": "spread of imperialism to Africa and Asia"
}, {
"itemType": "CRTDFM43DP4R453",
"questionText": "A long-term result of the Industrial Revolution in Europe was",
"correctAnswerText": "a general rise in the standard of living",
"incorrectText1": "an increase in the number of small farms",
"incorrectText2": "a decline in international trade",
"incorrectText3": "a strengthening of the economic power of the nobility"
}, {
"itemType": "IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0",
"questionText": "Lenin�s promise of -Peace, Land, Bread- during the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 was made in an effort to",
"correctAnswerText": "gain popular support to overthrow the government",
"incorrectText1": "end France�s occupation of Russia",
"incorrectText2": "restore Czar Nicholas II to power",
"incorrectText3": "resolve conflicts between farmers of diverse ethnic backgrounds"
}, {
"itemType": "6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP",
"questionText": "Under Joseph Stalin, peasants in the Soviet Union were forced to",
"correctAnswerText": "join collective farms",
"incorrectText1": "become members of the ruling party",
"incorrectText2": "support the Russian Orthodox Church",
"incorrectText3": "move to large cities"
}, {
"itemType": "5WFRV6D1AF857M2",
"questionText": "Since the late 1940s, Northern Ireland, India, and Israel have all faced which common problem?",
"correctAnswerText": "continued violent confrontations between different religious groups",
"incorrectText1": "the need to adjust to a post-communist political system",
"incorrectText2": "economic depression that resulted from rapid industrialization",
"incorrectText3": "overpopulation of urban centers"
}, {
"itemType": "ICALETH1G91HXTE",
"questionText": "One reason that Britain and France agreed to appease Hitler at the Munich Conference was to",
"correctAnswerText": "prevent the start of another world war",
"incorrectText1": "stop the Nazis from invading the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText2": "obey an order from the League of Nations",
"incorrectText3": "obtain advanced German military weapons in exchange"
}, {
"itemType": "6HN4D643RTBD5SO",
"questionText": "Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Communist Russia were similar in that each",
"correctAnswerText": "established totalitarian governments",
"incorrectText1": "protected individual rights",
"incorrectText2": "elected their leaders through popular vote",
"incorrectText3": "supported market-based economies"
}, {
"itemType": "5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK",
"questionText": "The United Nations was created primarily to",
"correctAnswerText": "provide a means of solving international problems",
"incorrectText1": "prosecute persons accused of war crimes",
"incorrectText2": "contain the spread of communism",
"incorrectText3": "channel relief aid to war-torn nations"
}, {
"itemType": "8L2TET9XHNDJDY6",
"questionText": "During most of the Cold War period, which two nations were divided into communist and noncommunist parts?",
"correctAnswerText": "Vietnam and Korea",
"incorrectText1": "China and Mongolia",
"incorrectText2": "Pakistan and Ireland",
"incorrectText3": "Poland and Cuba"
}, {
"itemType": "GON3JDO53HYHEHP",
"questionText": "Pol Pot, Joseph Stalin, and Slobodan Milosevic were similar in that each leader supported actions that",
"correctAnswerText": "violated human rights",
"incorrectText1": "modernized their economies",
"incorrectText2": "introduced democratic ideas",
"incorrectText3": "supported minority rights"
}, {
"itemType": "17S7REU8QQJYUYZ",
"questionText": "A major goal of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in world affairs is to",
"correctAnswerText": "regulate oil policies",
"incorrectText1": "encourage development of alternative energy sources",
"incorrectText2": "promote international free trade",
"incorrectText3": "provide funds for the World Bank"
}, {
"itemType": "11Y568S0S231L12",
"questionText": "Which concept led to the formation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the European Union (EU)?",
"correctAnswerText": "interdependence",
"incorrectText1": "nationalism",
"incorrectText2": "imperialism",
"incorrectText3": "socialism"
}, {
"itemType": "A21ZEU2LRRWODOM",
"questionText": "In the Soviet Union under Mikhail Gorbachev, the trend toward private ownership of businesses represented a move away from",
"correctAnswerText": "a command economy",
"incorrectText1": "a traditional economy",
"incorrectText2": "a free-market economy",
"incorrectText3": "laissez-faire economics"
}, {
"itemType": "6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ",
"questionText": "-Women of Kuwait Demand the Right to Vote- -Property Inheritance Still Limited for Women of Nepal- -Women in Jordan Form Alliance to Increase Political Representation-. Which conclusion is supported by these headlines?",
"correctAnswerText": "Equal rights for women continues to be a global concern.",
"incorrectText1": "Women are not active in political issues.",
"incorrectText2": "Women have achieved equality in the area of education.",
"incorrectText3": "Communist governments have insured equal rights for women."
}, {
"itemType": "LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0",
"questionText": "What is the primary reason that increasing numbers of Latin American citizens have immigrated to the United States over the last three decades?",
"correctAnswerText": "hope for economic opportunities",
"incorrectText1": "escape from the threat of communism",
"incorrectText2": "desire for religious freedom",
"incorrectText3": "fear of natural disasters"
}, {
"itemType": "4M68F8AH54RB0JZ",
"questionText": "The spread of Buddhist ideas and customs to China and Southeast Asia was the result of",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText1": "the Mandate of Heaven",
"incorrectText2": "economic dependence",
"incorrectText3": "the civil service system"
}, {
"itemType": "R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ",
"questionText": "Meiji reformers of Japan and Peter the Great of Russia were similar in that both emphasized",
"correctAnswerText": "westernization",
"incorrectText1": "socialism",
"incorrectText2": "isolationism",
"incorrectText3": "democratization"
}, {
"itemType": "9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV",
"questionText": "The Sepoy Mutiny in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China were responses to",
"correctAnswerText": "European imperialism",
"incorrectText1": "Mongol invasions",
"incorrectText2": "Japanese aggression",
"incorrectText3": "African slave trading"
}, {
"itemType": "FZLOFTA7JBEINNX",
"questionText": "During the 19th century, industrialization in Great Britain differed from industrialization in Japan mainly because Great Britain",
"correctAnswerText": "had greater deposits of natural resources",
"incorrectText1": "encountered government resistance to economic growth",
"incorrectText2": "used isolationism to increase its economic power",
"incorrectText3": "duplicated the factory systems used in China "
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "Which statement is accurate about the Hungarian Revolution in 1956 and the Tiananmen Square demonstrations in 1989?",
"correctAnswerText": "Repressive action was taken to end both protests.",
"incorrectText1": "These events led to democratic reforms.",
"incorrectText2": "Strong action was taken by the United Nations.",
"incorrectText3": "Both events brought communist governments to power."
}]
},
{
"itemId": "22950FA27D303B70A1F94DB",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2004 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2004 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{
"itemType": "FU9DRRDLASG0B18",
"questionText": "� What to produce? � How to produce? � For whom to produce?. Which social scientist studies how these questions would be answered for a specific society?",
"correctAnswerText": "an economist",
"incorrectText1": "a sociologist",
"incorrectText2": "an anthropologist",
"incorrectText3": "a geographer"
}, {
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "How did topography and climate affect the history of Africa?",
"correctAnswerText": "European colonization of central Africa was delayed.",
"incorrectText1": "The slave trade declined in western Africa.",
"incorrectText2": "Islam spread into southern Africa.",
"incorrectText3": "Trade increased between southern and northern Africa."
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "Italy, Korea, Spain, and India are similar in that each is considered",
"correctAnswerText": "a peninsula",
"incorrectText1": "an archipelago",
"incorrectText2": "a landlocked nation",
"incorrectText3": "an island nation"
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "Which geographic feature was common to the development of civilizations in ancient Egypt, China, India, and Mesopotamia?",
"correctAnswerText": "river valleys",
"incorrectText1": "rain forests",
"incorrectText2": "deserts",
"incorrectText3": "mountains"
}, {
"itemType": "V1LX77TKH98RRK5",
"questionText": "According to Buddhist principles, believers can end personal suffering by",
"correctAnswerText": "eliminating selfish desires",
"incorrectText1": "making pilgrimages to Mecca",
"incorrectText2": "doing good deeds",
"incorrectText3": "relying on divine help"
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "Christianity, Islam, and Judaism are similar in that they all ask their followers to",
"correctAnswerText": "follow a code of behavior",
"incorrectText1": "believe in reincarnation",
"incorrectText2": "strive for nirvana",
"incorrectText3": "practice polytheism"
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "Shintoism and animism share a belief in the importance of",
"correctAnswerText": "spirits in nature",
"incorrectText1": "reincarnation",
"incorrectText2": "holy books",
"incorrectText3": "missionaries"
}, {
"itemType": "W51PW4MEE1QROQ1",
"questionText": "In a comparison of the ancient cities of Athens and Sparta, Sparta placed more emphasis on",
"correctAnswerText": "military service",
"incorrectText1": "education",
"incorrectText2": "family order",
"incorrectText3": "human rights"
}, {
"itemType": "5XGL523ABIUTY7R",
"questionText": "One way in which the Twelve Tables and Justinian�s Code were similar is that both provided",
"correctAnswerText": "a standardized system of laws",
"incorrectText1": "a means of achieving social equality",
"incorrectText2": "the freedom to pursue their own religion",
"incorrectText3": "the right to a public education"
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "After the western Roman Empire fell to Germanic invaders in the 5th century A.D., the eastern part of the empire eventually became known as the",
"correctAnswerText": "Byzantine Empire",
"incorrectText1": "Carthaginian Empire",
"incorrectText2": "Islamic Empire",
"incorrectText3": "Persian Empire"
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "The Age of Pericles in Athens, the Gupta Empire in India, and the Tang dynasty in China all experienced a golden age with",
"correctAnswerText": "outstanding contributions in the arts and sciences",
"incorrectText1": "advancements in the principles of democratic governments",
"incorrectText2": "the end of foreign domination",
"incorrectText3": "the furthest expansion of their borders"
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "The travels of Marco Polo resulted in the",
"correctAnswerText": "expansion of trade between China and Europe",
"incorrectText1": "introduction of gunpowder to China",
"incorrectText2": "decline of Mongol rule in China",
"incorrectText3": "use of Confucian teachings in Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5",
"questionText": "� In less than 50 years, it was the largest unified land empire in history. � In 1279, it was the first foreign group to gain complete control of China. � It made the caravan routes across Asia safe for trade and travel. � When attempting to conquer Japan in 1274 and 1281, its fleets were destroyed by storms. Which empire is most closely associated with these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Mongol",
"incorrectText1": "Persian",
"incorrectText2": "Ottoman",
"incorrectText3": "Gupta"
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": "The wealth and power of Mali�s ruler, Mansa Musa, were significant because they contributed to the",
"correctAnswerText": " spread of Islam",
"incorrectText1": "start of the Crusades",
"incorrectText2": "growth of European imperialism",
"incorrectText3": "rise of Arab nationalism"
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "An important effect of the Protestant Reformation in Europe was that it strengthened the",
"correctAnswerText": "power of monarchies",
"incorrectText1": "power of the pope",
"incorrectText2": "belief in polytheism",
"incorrectText3": "unity of Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": "How did the Inca adapt to their physical environment?",
"correctAnswerText": "They built footbridges that connected their roads across the Andes.",
"incorrectText1": "They built large fishing fleets to feed their populations.",
"incorrectText2": "They established extensive trade agreements with Europe.",
"incorrectText3": "They raised cattle and horses on the pampas."
}, {
"itemType": "8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS",
"questionText": "The need to possess warm-water ports greatly influenced the foreign policy of which nation?",
"correctAnswerText": "Russia",
"incorrectText1": "England",
"incorrectText2": "France",
"incorrectText3": "Egypt"
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": "The astrolabe and improvements in cartography helped Europeans to",
"correctAnswerText": "explore the Western Hemisphere",
"incorrectText1": "launch the Crusades",
"incorrectText2": "defeat the Mongols",
"incorrectText3": "expel the Moors"
}, {
"itemType": "9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF",
"questionText": "The purpose of colonies is to ship raw materials to the colonial power and buy finished goods from the colonial power. This statement reflects the basic idea of which economic system?",
"correctAnswerText": "mercantilism",
"incorrectText1": "socialism",
"incorrectText2": "communism",
"incorrectText3": "capitalism"
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "The writings of Jean Jacques Rousseau, Baron de Montesquieu, and John Locke were similar in that each supported the principles of",
"correctAnswerText": "a democratic republic",
"incorrectText1": "a military dictatorship",
"incorrectText2": "an autocracy",
"incorrectText3": "a theocratic society"
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": "Laissez-faire capitalism as attributed to Adam Smith called for",
"correctAnswerText": "minimal government involvement in the economy",
"incorrectText1": "heavy taxation of manufacturers",
"incorrectText2": "strict government control of the economy",
"incorrectText3": "government investments in major industries"
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "The theory of Social Darwinism was sometimes used to justify",
"correctAnswerText": "European imperialism in the late 19th century",
"incorrectText1": "the establishment of communist governments in Asia",
"incorrectText2": "Latin American revolutions in the early 19th century",
"incorrectText3": "the independence movement in India"
}, {
"itemType": "IR07J676OISB4HU",
"questionText": "Japan�s increased foreign trade during the Meiji Restoration was closely related to its",
"correctAnswerText": "desire for a modern industrialized society",
"incorrectText1": "need to maintain a traditional society",
"incorrectText2": "colonization by Western nations",
"incorrectText3": "encouragement of foreign investment"
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "Which event occurred first and led to the other three?",
"correctAnswerText": "World War I",
"incorrectText1": "rise of fascism in Europe",
"incorrectText2": "Bolshevik Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "signing of the Treaty of Versailles"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "The early 20th-century Zionist movement calling for the establishment of a Jewish homeland was an example of",
"correctAnswerText": "nationalism ",
"incorrectText1": "imperialism",
"incorrectText2": " capitalism",
"incorrectText3": "isolationism"
}, {
"itemType": "3S3OX0N305A2N1R",
"questionText": "Which situation is an example of totalitarianismin Germany in the 1930s?",
"correctAnswerText": "strict government control of the press",
"incorrectText1": "frequent meetings of the German Reichstag",
"incorrectText2": "decline of the German economy",
"incorrectText3": "negotiation of a nonaggression pact with the Soviet Union"
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "Between the late 1800s and the end of World War II, Japan implemented a policy of imperialism mainly because Japan",
"correctAnswerText": "lacked coal, iron, and other important resources",
"incorrectText1": "admired the economic power of China",
"incorrectText2": "wanted to unify the governments of East Asia",
"incorrectText3": "feared the expansion of Nazi Germany in the Pacific"
}, {
"itemType": "YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP",
"questionText": "The partition of India and the division of Yugoslavia were similar in that both were divided",
"correctAnswerText": "because of religious or ethnic differences",
"incorrectText1": "as a result of the Berlin Conference",
"incorrectText2": "to form communist and noncommunist states",
"incorrectText3": "to conform to United Nations guidelines"
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "One similarity in the histories of Germany and Vietnam is that both nations",
"correctAnswerText": "were once divided but have since been reunited",
"incorrectText1": "remained nonaligned during the Cold War period",
"incorrectText2": "have chosen a democratic form of government in recent years",
"incorrectText3": "were once colonized by other European nations"
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "Which situation existed under the policy of apartheid in South Africa?",
"correctAnswerText": "Society was controlled by the white minority.",
"incorrectText1": "All people were guaranteed suffrage.",
"incorrectText2": "The black majority held the most political power.",
"incorrectText3": "Social inequality was eliminated."
}, {
"itemType": "9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI",
"questionText": "The global problems of pollution, acid rain, and the breakdown of the ozone layer indicate a need for",
"correctAnswerText": "greater international cooperation",
"incorrectText1": "increased urbanization",
"incorrectText2": "a balance of trade between nations",
"incorrectText3": "an increase in space exploration"
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "The reason that the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) greatly influences the world today is that it",
"correctAnswerText": "manages the oil supply that affects the global economy",
"incorrectText1": "commands the loyalty of the worldwide Islamic community",
"incorrectText2": "develops and exports important technology",
"incorrectText3": "controls access to trade routes between the East and West"
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "Several geographic features in the Balkans, including location, have helped lead to the",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diversity of the region",
"incorrectText1": "peaceful development of the region",
"incorrectText2": "development of democracy in the region",
"incorrectText3": "growing wealth of the region"
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "What is a major reason for the differences in economic prosperity in various areas of the world today?",
"correctAnswerText": "an unequal distribution of resources",
"incorrectText1": "the success of nationalist movements",
"incorrectText2": "religious unity between nations",
"incorrectText3": "membership in the United Nations"
}, {
"itemType": "M6L7YCS6YVBNI48",
"questionText": "Control of the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits was a strategic objective in both World War I and World War II because these straits",
"correctAnswerText": "provide access from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea",
"incorrectText1": "link Africa to Europe",
"incorrectText2": "allow waterway passage into Germany",
"incorrectText3": "separate Italy from the Balkan peninsula"
}, {
"itemType": "TBIDXY8QT09WZDG",
"questionText": "Which historical development showed the desire of a group to gain independence from a colonial power?",
"correctAnswerText": "Sepoy Mutiny in India",
"incorrectText1": "rise of the Nazi Party in Germany",
"incorrectText2": "Solidarity movement in Poland",
"incorrectText3": "Tiananmen Square uprising in China"
}, {
"itemType": "QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD",
"questionText": "Which statement describes a similarity between the French Revolution and the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia?",
"correctAnswerText": "Both revolutions were the result of government denial of basic human rights and stressful economic conditions.",
"incorrectText1": "The leaders in power before the revolutions favored changing the political system in their country.",
"incorrectText2": "Most of the revolutionary support was provided by radicals from other countries.",
"incorrectText3": "The new democracies created by the revolutions gave people greater representation in their governments."
}, {
"itemType": "IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU",
"questionText": "� Block printing, gunpowder, and the abacus were developed. � Porcelain making and black-ink painting on silk paper were perfected. � The compass was discovered and used to improve the determination of direction when sailing. These advances are associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "Tang and Sung dynasties of China",
"incorrectText1": "Gupta Empire in India",
"incorrectText2": "Ghana and Mali civilizations of Africa",
"incorrectText3": "Byzantine Empire in the Middle East"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "One similarity between Stalin�s five-year plans and Mao Zedong�s Great Leap Forward was that both programs attempted to",
"correctAnswerText": "increase industrial production",
"incorrectText1": "privatize the ownership of land",
"incorrectText2": "correct environmental pollution",
"incorrectText3": "strengthen international trade"
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "the government controls most aspects of life",
"correctAnswerText": "religious beliefs are supported by the government",
"incorrectText1": "the state is considered a servant of the citizens",
"incorrectText2": "citizens can publicly criticize the actions of the leaders",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U",
"questionText": "river valleys",
"correctAnswerText": "vast coastlines",
"incorrectText1": "island locations",
"incorrectText2": "tropical rain forests",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "exchange of goods between Asia and the Middle East",
"correctAnswerText": "exploration of China by the Roman Army",
"incorrectText1": "development of agriculture by the nomadic people of Central Asia",
"incorrectText2": "movement of Chinese armies through Southeast Asia",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "8UKFL9QB8570RXP",
"questionText": "Greek",
"correctAnswerText": "Egyptian",
"incorrectText1": "Roman",
"incorrectText2": "Phoenician",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "FX96LMXJUNBPTWL",
"questionText": "recorded existing laws for all to see",
"correctAnswerText": "treated citizens and slaves equally",
"incorrectText1": "ended all physical punishment",
"incorrectText2": "rejected the principle of filial piety",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": "separate, independent city-states",
"correctAnswerText": "absolute monarchies",
"incorrectText1": "extensive trade with the Persians",
"incorrectText2": "belief in one God",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "The Japanese developed a nature-based belief called Shinto.",
"correctAnswerText": "Japan experienced earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.",
"incorrectText1": "Tsunamis and typhoons sometimes destroyed coastal Japanese villages.",
"incorrectText2": "Mountains are found throughout the islands of Japan.",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "HI4X8VLDXB6CU97",
"questionText": "does what is necessary to stay in power",
"correctAnswerText": "keeps taxes and food prices low",
"incorrectText1": "encourages education and the arts",
"incorrectText2": "allows advisors to speak their minds",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "38CTTRF38X7325C",
"questionText": "Italian city-states had grown wealthy from trade between Europe and Asia",
"correctAnswerText": "farmers produced great agricultural surpluses on vast plains",
"incorrectText1": "merchants supported the Green Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "many European scholars had migrated to this area",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9",
"questionText": "decline in the power of the Roman Catholic Church",
"correctAnswerText": "posting of the Ninety-five Theses",
"incorrectText1": "sale of indulgences",
"incorrectText2": "end of religious warfare",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "the Spanish Reconquista",
"correctAnswerText": "a crusade to the Holy Land",
"incorrectText1": "the reasons for the voyages of Columbus",
"incorrectText2": "the start of the Italian Renaissance",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ",
"questionText": "were highly developed and organized cultures",
"correctAnswerText": "consisted of hunters and gatherers",
"incorrectText1": "practiced a monotheistic religion",
"incorrectText2": "followed a democratic system",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP",
"questionText": "The transfer of new products and ideas encouraged economic growth.",
"correctAnswerText": "New diseases were brought to Europe and resulted in massive deaths caused by a plague.",
"incorrectText1": "Native Americans immigrated to Europe and competed with Europeans for jobs.",
"incorrectText2": "Cross-cultural contacts between South America and Asia declined.",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3",
"questionText": "rise of capitalism",
"correctAnswerText": "development of feudalism",
"incorrectText1": "decline of communism",
"incorrectText2": "increase in power of the guilds",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI",
"questionText": "determined government policies without the consent of their people",
"correctAnswerText": "broke from the Roman Catholic Church",
"incorrectText1": "helped feudal lords build secure castles",
"incorrectText2": "instituted programs that provided more power to their parliaments",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "encouraged the spread of new ideas",
"correctAnswerText": "strengthened traditional institutions",
"incorrectText1": "led to the Protestant Reformation",
"incorrectText2": "rejected Renaissance individualism",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "natural law",
"correctAnswerText": "free trade",
"incorrectText1": "nationalism",
"incorrectText2": "socialism",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "Industrial Revolution",
"correctAnswerText": "fall of the Roman Empire",
"incorrectText1": "invention of the printing press",
"incorrectText2": "Green Revolution",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "form labor unions",
"correctAnswerText": "take control of the government",
"incorrectText1": "return to farming",
"incorrectText2": "set minimum wages",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "their location between powerful neighbors: Russia, China, and Japan",
"correctAnswerText": "the mountains that cover much of the Korean peninsula",
"incorrectText1": "the environmental damage caused by overfishing in the Pacific",
"incorrectText2": "their traditional respect for the sea",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "Armenians in the Ottoman Empire",
"correctAnswerText": "Arabs in Egypt",
"incorrectText1": "Palestinians in Syria",
"incorrectText2": "Algerians in France",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "forcing Germany to accept blame for the war and to pay reparations",
"correctAnswerText": "dividing Germany into four occupied zones",
"incorrectText1": "supporting economic sanctions by the United Nations",
"incorrectText2": "taking away German territory in the Balkans and Spain",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "acquire supplies of oil and rubber",
"correctAnswerText": "recruit more men for its army",
"incorrectText1": "satisfy the Japanese people�s need for spices",
"incorrectText2": "prevent the United States from entering the war",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ",
"questionText": "appeasement",
"correctAnswerText": "liberation",
"incorrectText1": "self-determination",
"incorrectText2": "pacification",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z",
"questionText": "compete economically and militarily",
"correctAnswerText": "cooperate in halting the spread of communism",
"incorrectText1": "colonize Africa and Asia",
"incorrectText2": "protect human rights",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "6J6SIRWPNI6IONR",
"questionText": "Karl Marx",
"correctAnswerText": "Confucius",
"incorrectText1": "Desmond Tutu",
"incorrectText2": "Mohandas Gandhi ",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "weakening the traditional caste system",
"correctAnswerText": "reinforcing Hindu beliefs",
"incorrectText1": "encouraging native arts and crafts",
"incorrectText2": "increasing the number of farmers",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "TX38PQXUNZK77UN",
"questionText": "encourage increased economic development",
"correctAnswerText": "increase the authority of the United Nations",
"incorrectText1": "promote peace between nations",
"incorrectText2": "establish and enforce military alliances",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW",
"questionText": "self-determination",
"correctAnswerText": "free-market systems",
"incorrectText1": "democratic governments",
"incorrectText2": "social equality",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68",
"questionText": "rivalries between ethnic groups",
"correctAnswerText": "deforestation conducted by multinational companies",
"incorrectText1": "collapse of communism",
"incorrectText2": "intervention of United Nations peacekeeping forces",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV",
"questionText": "the individual and the state",
"correctAnswerText": "social mobility",
"incorrectText1": "economic development",
"incorrectText2": "the importance of religion",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "0WK63DOOS2FXIQR",
"questionText": "Treaty of Versailles ? World War II ? Korean War",
"correctAnswerText": "Renaissance ? Middle Ages ? Roman Empire",
"incorrectText1": "Reformation ? Crusades ? European exploration of the Americas",
"incorrectText2": "Bolshevik Revolution ? French Revolution ? American Revolution",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "Which geographic feature had the greatest influence on the development of ancient civilizations?",
"correctAnswerText": "river valleys",
"incorrectText1": "dense forests",
"incorrectText2": "smooth coastlines",
"incorrectText3": "mountain passes "
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "What is one characteristic of a society that practices subsistence agriculture?",
"correctAnswerText": "production of crops mainly for its own use",
"incorrectText1": "growth of surplus crops for export",
"incorrectText2": "establishment of large state-owned farms",
"incorrectText3": "dependence on the use of slave labor for the production of crops"
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "What was one cause of the development of many small independent city-states in ancient Greece?",
"correctAnswerText": "The mountainous terrain of Greece resulted in widely scattered settlements.",
"incorrectText1": "Greece and Rome were often at war.",
"incorrectText2": "Military leaders found small Greek settlements easy to control.",
"incorrectText3": "The Greek people had many different languages and religions."
}, {
"itemType": "RQFKPE3OR6A25JD",
"questionText": "In India, Bangladesh, and much of Southeast Asia, agricultural productivity is most affected by the",
"correctAnswerText": "seasonal monsoons",
"incorrectText1": " numerous deserts",
"incorrectText2": "unnavigable rivers",
"incorrectText3": "cold climate"
}, {
"itemType": "I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ",
"questionText": "Which belief is shared by Hindus and Buddhists?",
"correctAnswerText": "The soul can be reincarnated.",
"incorrectText1": "Everyone should have the same social status.",
"incorrectText2": "People should pray five times a day.",
"incorrectText3": "Material wealth is a sign of the blessing of the gods."
}, {
"itemType": "XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG",
"questionText": "Some historians suggest that as a result of the Mongol invasions of Russia, the Russian people were",
"correctAnswerText": "cut off from most of western Europe",
"incorrectText1": "united with the Ottomans",
"incorrectText2": "converted to Christianity",
"incorrectText3": "freed from serfdom"
}, {
"itemType": "LFNB87QHK1KPSO1",
"questionText": "Many achievements of Islamic civilization reached European society by way of the",
"correctAnswerText": "Crusades and eastern Mediterranean trading networks",
"incorrectText1": "merchant guilds and the Industrial Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "Middle Passage and the Columbian Exchange",
"incorrectText3": "conquests of the Germanic tribes and trade along the Silk Road"
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "Prior to the Protestant Reformation, the medieval church in western Europe was criticized for",
"correctAnswerText": "being too concerned with worldly power and riches",
"incorrectText1": "sponsoring explorations to the Middle East",
"incorrectText2": "allowing the Bible to be printed and distributed to the people",
"incorrectText3": "refusing to sell indulgences to peasants"
}, {
"itemType": "34BUUBUS07QUA6M",
"questionText": "Which statement about the geography of Africa is most accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "The variety of geographic barriers has served to promote cultural diversity.",
"incorrectText1": "Much of the land in Africa is below sea level.",
"incorrectText2": "Africa has an irregular coastline with many natural harbors.",
"incorrectText3": "Much of the land in Africa is tundra and forest."
}, {
"itemType": "NORRDWZROR868GG",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes an impact of geography on the history of the Korean peninsula?",
"correctAnswerText": "Location has led to invasion and occupation by other nations.",
"incorrectText1": "Large deserts have led to isolation.",
"incorrectText2": "Lack of rivers has limited food production.",
"incorrectText3": "Lack of natural resources has prevented development of manufacturing."
}, {
"itemType": "B7PFLDEF4F7G29R",
"questionText": "The expeditions of Hern�n Cort�s and Francisco Pizarro resulted in the",
"correctAnswerText": "destruction of the Aztec and Inca empires",
"incorrectText1": "capture of Brazil by Portugal",
"incorrectText2": "colonization of North America by Portugal",
"incorrectText3": "exploration of the Philippines and East Indies"
}, {
"itemType": "5MH112LCJ8OZFJM",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes a result of the Glorious Revolution in England (1688)?",
"correctAnswerText": "Principles of limited government were strengthened.",
"incorrectText1": "England formed an alliance with France.",
"incorrectText2": "The power of the monarchy was increased.",
"incorrectText3": "England lost its colonial possessions."
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "One reason Italy and Germany were not major colonial powers in the 16th and 17th centuries was that they",
"correctAnswerText": "lacked political unity",
"incorrectText1": "had self-sufficient economies",
"incorrectText2": "rejected the practice of imperialism",
"incorrectText3": "belonged to opposing alliances"
}, {
"itemType": "9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ",
"questionText": "The ideas of Rousseau, Voltaire, and Montesquieu most influenced",
"correctAnswerText": "movements for political reform",
"incorrectText1": "the growing power of priests in the Roman Catholic Church",
"incorrectText2": "improvements in the working conditions of factory workers",
"incorrectText3": "the rise of industrial capitalism"
}, {
"itemType": "CRTDFM43DP4R453",
"questionText": "During the late 19th century, which geographic factor helped attract European investors to southern Africa and southeast Asia?",
"correctAnswerText": "natural resources",
"incorrectText1": "smooth coastlines",
"incorrectText2": "navigable rivers",
"incorrectText3": "temperate climates"
}, {
"itemType": "FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR",
"questionText": "One result of the Opium War was that China",
"correctAnswerText": "was divided into spheres of influence",
"incorrectText1": "adopted democratic reforms",
"incorrectText2": "gained control of Hong Kong",
"incorrectText3": "regained control of Manchuria"
}, {
"itemType": "IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0",
"questionText": "-. . . The replacement of the bourgeois by the proletarian state is impossible without a violent revolution. The abolition of the proletarian state, i.e., of all states, is only possible through�withering away.� . . .- � V. I. Lenin, State and Revolution, 1917. This quotation is associated with the principles of",
"correctAnswerText": "communism",
"incorrectText1": "imperialism",
"incorrectText2": "capitalism",
"incorrectText3": "militarism"
}, {
"itemType": "6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP",
"questionText": "In Europe during the 1920s and 1930s, severe inflation, high unemployment, and fear of communism all contributed to the",
"correctAnswerText": "rise of Fascist governments in Italy, Germany, and Spain",
"incorrectText1": "overthrow of monarchies in Italy and Germany",
"incorrectText2": "formation of the Common Market in Italy and Spain",
"incorrectText3": "growth of democratic institutions"
}, {
"itemType": "5WFRV6D1AF857M2",
"questionText": "-Gandhi Calls for Boycott of British Textiles- -Gandhi and Followers Complete March to the Sea- -Gandhi Begins Hunger Fast- These headlines reflect Gandhi�s belief in",
"correctAnswerText": "nonviolence",
"incorrectText1": "nonalignment",
"incorrectText2": "appeasement",
"incorrectText3": "isolationism"
}, {
"itemType": "5KYWZNHEGDGC56G",
"questionText": "� Japan resigns from the League of Nations, 1933 � Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis formed, 1936 � Japan invades China, 1937 � United States places embargo on scrap iron, steel, and oil exports to Japan, 1941. Which event occurred immediately after this series of developments?",
"correctAnswerText": "Pearl Harbor was attacked.",
"incorrectText1": "Manchuria became a Japanese protectorate.",
"incorrectText2": "The Japanese fleet was destroyed.",
"incorrectText3": "The atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima."
}, {
"itemType": "8L2TET9XHNDJDY6",
"questionText": "A major result of the Nuremberg trials after World War II was that",
"correctAnswerText": "Nazi political and military leaders were held accountable for their actions",
"incorrectText1": "Germany was divided into four zones of occupation",
"incorrectText2": "the United Nations was formed to prevent future acts of genocide",
"incorrectText3": "the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was established to stop the spread of communism"
}, {
"itemType": "GON3JDO53HYHEHP",
"questionText": "The continued importance of the Middle East to the global economy is based on its",
"correctAnswerText": "quantity of oil reserves",
"incorrectText1": "research facilities",
"incorrectText2": "exports of manufactured goods",
"incorrectText3": "semiarid climate"
}, {
"itemType": "17S7REU8QQJYUYZ",
"questionText": "-. . . The Nazi holocaust, which engulfed millions of Jews in Europe, proved anew the urgency of the re-establishment of the Jewish state, which would solve the problem of Jewish homelessness by opening the gates to all Jews and lifting the Jewish ",
"correctAnswerText": "Israel",
"incorrectText1": "Jordan",
"incorrectText2": "Poland",
"incorrectText3": "Ethiopia"
}, {
"itemType": "11Y568S0S231L12",
"questionText": "Which statement related to the recent history of Pakistan is an opinion?",
"correctAnswerText": "Pakistan would be better off if it was still part of India.",
"incorrectText1": "Pakistan gained its independence from Britain in 1947.",
"incorrectText2": "The majority of the people who live in Pakistan are Muslims.",
"incorrectText3": "Mohammed Ali Jinnah was a major leader in Pakistan�s independence movement."
}, {
"itemType": "A21ZEU2LRRWODOM",
"questionText": "The caste system in India and the feudal system in Europe were similar in that both",
"correctAnswerText": "provided structure for society",
"incorrectText1": "developed concepts of natural rights",
"incorrectText2": "established totalitarian governments",
"incorrectText3": "promoted peace and prosperity"
}, {
"itemType": "6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ",
"questionText": "Which problem has faced both Cuba and North Korea under communist rule?",
"correctAnswerText": "Their command economies have been inefficient.",
"incorrectText1": "Their monarchs have been ineffective rulers.",
"incorrectText2": "Their governments have played a limited role in the economy.",
"incorrectText3": "Their workers have called many strikes."
}, {
"itemType": "4M68F8AH54RB0JZ",
"questionText": "-. . . I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb. I have taken a moment here to rest, to steal a view of the glorious vista that surrounds me, to look back on the distance I have come. But I can rest only for a moment, for with freedom comes responsibilities, and I dare not linger, for my long walk is not yet ended.- � Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Little, Brown and Co., 1994. When Mandela referred to -climbing a great hill,- he was referring to the struggle to",
"correctAnswerText": "end apartheid in South Africa",
"incorrectText1": "modernize South Africa�s economy",
"incorrectText2": "end economic sanctions against South Africa",
"incorrectText3": "stop majority rule in South Africa"
}, {
"itemType": "R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes an impact of the computer on the global economy?",
"correctAnswerText": "Companies now market more products worldwide.",
"incorrectText1": "Countries can increase tariffs on imports.",
"incorrectText2": "Wages have risen dramatically for most people in developing nations.",
"incorrectText3": "Prices of oil and other resources have declined worldwide."
}, {
"itemType": "9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV",
"questionText": "Which belief is shared by an African who practices animism and a Japanese who practices Shinto?",
"correctAnswerText": "Spirits exist in both living and nonliving things.",
"incorrectText1": "Only one God rules the universe.",
"incorrectText2": "Periodic fasting is essential to spiritual purity.",
"incorrectText3": "All suffering is caused by desire and selfishness."
}, {
"itemType": "FZLOFTA7JBEINNX",
"questionText": "Which headline would most likely have appeared in a pamphlet during the Industrial Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "-Karl Marx Attacks Capitalism-",
"incorrectText1": "-Michelangelo Completes Sistine Chapel-",
"incorrectText2": "-Martin Luther Speaks Out Against Sale of Indulgences-",
"incorrectText3": "-John Locke Calls for the People to Choose the King-"
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "� Many of Africa�s traditional musical instruments are made of gourds and shells. � Ancient Egyptians wrote on papyrus, a reed found growing near the Nile River. � A major feature of Japanese art is the relationship between humans and nature. Which concept is illustrated in these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "impact of geography on cultural development",
"incorrectText1": "role of education in the ancient world",
"incorrectText2": "development of traditional government",
"incorrectText3": "effect of artistic expression on religion"
}]
},
{
"itemId": "8E2342D5918B6B30898F3B3",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2005 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2005 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{
"itemType": "FU9DRRDLASG0B18",
"questionText": "-Archaeologists Revise Historical Interpretations After New Discovery- -New Research Sheds Light on Causes of World War I- -Computer Technology Helps Reconstruct Ancient Languages-. These headlines indicate that the understanding of historical facts",
"correctAnswerText": "is shaped by the available evidence",
"incorrectText1": "remains the same over time",
"incorrectText2": "is passed down from one generation to another",
"incorrectText3": "reflects a variety of personal opinions"
}, {
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "What was an important result of the Neolithic Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "Food supplies became more reliable.",
"incorrectText1": "New sources of energy became available.",
"incorrectText2": "People became more nomadic.",
"incorrectText3": "Populations declined."
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "The growth of maritime and overland trading routes led to",
"correctAnswerText": "increased cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText1": "decreased interest in inventions and technology",
"incorrectText2": " limited migration of peoples",
"incorrectText3": "the development of subsistence agriculture"
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "Before the use of the Silk Road, how did geography affect early China?",
"correctAnswerText": "The mountains and deserts in western and southwestern China slowed the exchange of ideas.",
"incorrectText1": "The northwestern region provided many fertile areas suitable for farming.",
"incorrectText2": "The three major river systems provided barriers against invasion.",
"incorrectText3": "The lack of deep-water ports on the eastern coast prevented China from developing trade with other nations."
}, {
"itemType": "V1LX77TKH98RRK5",
"questionText": "� Roman women could own property. � Roman women could make wills leaving their property to whomever they chose. A valid conclusion drawn from these facts is that Roman women",
"correctAnswerText": "enjoyed some legal rights",
"incorrectText1": "had the right to vote",
"incorrectText2": "were equal to men",
"incorrectText3": "could hold political offices"
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "Which belief is most closely associated with the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)?",
"correctAnswerText": "People can overcome their desires by following the Eight-Fold Path.",
"incorrectText1": "People are born into a specific caste.",
"incorrectText2": "Believers must follow the Ten Commandments.",
"incorrectText3": "Followers must fast during Ramadan."
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "Which empire had the greatest influence on the development of early Russia?",
"correctAnswerText": "Byzantine",
"incorrectText1": "Roman",
"incorrectText2": "Egyptian",
"incorrectText3": "British"
}, {
"itemType": "W51PW4MEE1QROQ1",
"questionText": "� Showing respect for parents � Maintaining family honor � Honoring all elders. Which term is most closely related to these three actions?",
"correctAnswerText": "filial piety",
"incorrectText1": "nirvana",
"incorrectText2": "animism",
"incorrectText3": "hadj (hajj)"
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "The feudal systems in both medieval Europe and early Japan were characterized by",
"correctAnswerText": "a decentralized political system",
"incorrectText1": "religious diversity",
"incorrectText2": "an increased emphasis on education",
"incorrectText3": "the development of a wealthy middle class"
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "The travels of Marco Polo and of Ibn Battuta were similar in that these travels",
"correctAnswerText": "stimulated the expansion of trade",
"incorrectText1": "led to nationalistic movements",
"incorrectText2": "helped to spread the ideas of religious leaders",
"incorrectText3": "supported democratic forms of government"
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "In the early 1500s, Martin Luther�s -Ninety-five Theses,- Henry VIII�s -Act of Supremacy,- and John Calvin�s Institutes of the Christian Religion contributed to",
"correctAnswerText": "a decline in the power of the Catholic Church",
"incorrectText1": "an increased sense of nationalism in Tudor England",
"incorrectText2": "the growing power of the feudal nobility in Europe",
"incorrectText3": "a major conflict among Eastern Orthodox Christians"
}, {
"itemType": "3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5",
"questionText": "During the Commercial Revolution, where did trading centers most often develop?",
"correctAnswerText": "along waterways",
"incorrectText1": "in the mountains",
"incorrectText2": "near grasslands",
"incorrectText3": "on the tundra"
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": "In England, the Magna Carta, the Puritan Revolution, the Glorious Revolution, and the English Bill of Rights led to the development of",
"correctAnswerText": "a limited monarchy",
"incorrectText1": "a dictatorship",
"incorrectText2": "an absolute monarchy",
"incorrectText3": "a theocracy"
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "A study of Aztec, Maya, and Inca agricultural systems would show that these civilizations",
"correctAnswerText": "adapted to their environments with creative farming techniques",
"incorrectText1": "relied on mechanized agricultural techniques",
"incorrectText2": "carried on extensive food trade with each other",
"incorrectText3": "relied on a single-crop economy"
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": "Many European monarchs of the 1600s maintained that they should have absolute power to rule because they",
"correctAnswerText": "had been given their power to govern from God",
"incorrectText1": "needed to defend their nations against threats the Western Hemisphere",
"incorrectText2": "thought that all people should have the right to a good ruler",
"incorrectText3": "thought that communism was the superior political system"
}, {
"itemType": "8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS",
"questionText": "The heliocentric model, the development of inductive reasoning, and the work of Descartes are all associated with which revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "Scientific",
"incorrectText1": "Neolithic",
"incorrectText2": "Green",
"incorrectText3": "Agricultural"
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": "Which idea became a central belief of the Enlightenment?",
"correctAnswerText": "The use of reason would lead to human progress.",
"incorrectText1": "Mathematics could be used to solve all human problems.",
"incorrectText2": "The ancient Romans had the best form of government.",
"incorrectText3": "People should give up their natural rights to their rulers."
}, {
"itemType": "HARJ6XE78XNCXSA",
"questionText": "What is a key principle of a market economy?",
"correctAnswerText": "Supply and demand determine production and price",
"incorrectText1": "The means of production are controlled by the state.",
"incorrectText2": "Employment opportunities are determined by social class.",
"incorrectText3": "Businesses are owned by the people collectively."
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "Which two major ideas are contained in the writings of Karl Marx?",
"correctAnswerText": "class struggle and revolutionary change",
"incorrectText1": "survival of the fittest and natural selection",
"incorrectText2": "separation of powers and checks and balances",
"incorrectText3": "monotheism and religious tolerance"
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": "Between 1845 and 1860, which factor caused a large decline in Ireland�s population?",
"correctAnswerText": "famine",
"incorrectText1": "plague",
"incorrectText2": "civil war",
"incorrectText3": "war against Spain"
}, {
"itemType": "HSF4BRDGX2SXB69",
"questionText": "The ability of the Ottoman Empire to expand its borders depended on",
"correctAnswerText": "strategic location between Europe and Asia",
"incorrectText1": "military assistance from western Europe",
"incorrectText2": "extensive trade with the Americas",
"incorrectText3": "alliances formed during World War I"
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "One action that many governments took during World War I was to",
"correctAnswerText": "regulate their economic systems to increase production",
"incorrectText1": "encourage political dissent and freedom of the press",
"incorrectText2": "prevent women from seeking employment in factories",
"incorrectText3": "raise tariffs to encourage trade"
}, {
"itemType": "IR07J676OISB4HU",
"questionText": "The Treaty of Versailles angered many Germans after World War I because the treaty",
"correctAnswerText": "forced Germany to pay large war reparations",
"incorrectText1": "divided Germany into Communist and non-Communist zones",
"incorrectText2": "made Germany restore its emperor",
"incorrectText3": "required all German-speaking Europeans to return to Germany"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "Which event is most closely associated with the start of World War II in Europe?",
"correctAnswerText": "invasion of Poland by Nazi forces",
"incorrectText1": "signing of the Munich Agreement",
"incorrectText2": "building of the Berlin Wall",
"incorrectText3": "assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand"
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "Although Cuba has lost support from many nations, one reason Fidel Castro has remained in power is that he has",
"correctAnswerText": "raised the standard of living for many Cubans",
"incorrectText1": "established free trade with the United States",
"incorrectText2": "opposed communism",
"incorrectText3": "prohibited the practice of Catholicism"
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "A similarity between Peter the Great of Russia and Deng Xiaoping of the People�s Republic of China was that each",
"correctAnswerText": "promoted economic and technological modernization of his country",
"incorrectText1": "resisted economic and social reforms in his country",
"incorrectText2": "rejected the culture of his country in favor of a foreign culture",
"incorrectText3": "experienced foreign invasions of his country that almost succeeded."
}, {
"itemType": "YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP",
"questionText": "-. . . The Communist party of the Soviet Union has been and remains a natural and inalienable part of social forces. Their cooperation will make it possible to attain the ultimate goal of Perestroika: to renew our society within the framework of the socialist choice, along the lines of advance to a humane democratic socialism. . . .- Which leader would most likely have made this statement?",
"correctAnswerText": "Mikhail Gorbachev",
"incorrectText1": "Kwame Nkrumah",
"incorrectText2": "Mohandas Gandhi",
"incorrectText3": "Benito Mussolini"
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "In the late 20th century, what was a problem common to the Balkans, Rwanda, and Indonesia?",
"correctAnswerText": "ethnic or religious conflicts",
"incorrectText1": "disposal of nuclear waste",
"incorrectText2": "drought and famine",
"incorrectText3": "overcrowding of urban centers"
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "Deforestation, acid rain, and the greenhouse effect are major world problems that indicate a need for",
"correctAnswerText": "cooperation between nations to reduce pollution and environmental destruction",
"incorrectText1": "the development of mass transit systems in developing nations",
"incorrectText2": "an increase in the worldwide production of oil",
"incorrectText3": "a reduction in crop production in some areas of the world"
}, {
"itemType": "9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI",
"questionText": "The Gupta civilization (4th�6th centuries) and the Maya civilization (4th�10th centuries) were similar in that both",
"correctAnswerText": "built temple complexes and developed the concept of zero",
"incorrectText1": "eliminated standing armies and introduced an aristocracy",
"incorrectText2": "developed early democratic systems",
"incorrectText3": "were conquered by European imperialists"
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "The terms cottage industries, mercantilism, guilds, and laissez-faire are most closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "economic systems",
"incorrectText1": "political systems",
"incorrectText2": "social systems",
"incorrectText3": "belief systems"
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "In the years following the Meiji Restoration in Japan and the unification of Germany in the 19th century, both nations experienced",
"correctAnswerText": "an increase in military production and strengthened military forces",
"incorrectText1": "a reduction in tensions with neighboring nations",
"incorrectText2": "a restructuring of government that included popularly elected monarchs",
"incorrectText3": "a decrease in the reliance on industrialization and trade"
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "One way in which Alexander II, Catherine the Great, and Boris Yeltsin played similar roles in Russian history was that they",
"correctAnswerText": "encouraged reforms",
"incorrectText1": "led communist revolutions",
"incorrectText2": "were subjects of Stalinist purges",
"incorrectText3": "supported territorial expansion"
}, {
"itemType": "M6L7YCS6YVBNI48",
"questionText": "� Berlin airlift � Cuban missile crisis � Nuclear arms race. These events were part of an era known as the",
"correctAnswerText": "Cold War",
"incorrectText1": "Age of Imperialism",
"incorrectText2": "Scientific Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "Enlightenment"
}, {
"itemType": "TBIDXY8QT09WZDG",
"questionText": "Conflicts between Hutu and Tutsi, Ottoman Turks and Armenians, and Soviets and Ukrainian kulaks all resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "massacres or genocide",
"incorrectText1": "establishment of new governments",
"incorrectText2": "international intervention",
"incorrectText3": "cultural interdependence"
}, {
"itemType": "QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD",
"questionText": "During which period did the domestication of animals and growing of crops first occur?",
"correctAnswerText": "Neolithic Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Iron Age",
"incorrectText2": "Old Stone Age",
"incorrectText3": "Scientific Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU",
"questionText": "� The fertile soil of river valleys allowed early civilizations to develop and flourish. � In the 1500s and 1600s, control of the Strait of Malacca determined who traded in the Spice Islands. � Because Japan is an island that is mostly mountainous, people live in densely populated areas along the coast. Which conclusion is best supported by these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "The geography of a nation or region influences its development.",
"incorrectText1": "Major urban centers are found only along rivers.",
"incorrectText2": "Without mountains and rivers, people cannot develop a culture.",
"incorrectText3": "The spread of new ideas is discouraged by trade and conquest."
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "Which statement about cultural diffusion in Asia is most accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "Chinese ideas and practices spread into Korea and Japan.",
"incorrectText1": "Byzantine traders brought the Justinian Code to China.",
"incorrectText2": "Roman legions introduced Christianity to India.",
"incorrectText3": "Indian monks brought Islam to the Middle East."
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "Which statement about Greek civilization is an opinion rather than a fact?",
"correctAnswerText": "Athens had a better culture than that of Sparta.",
"incorrectText1": "Boys in Sparta were trained to be soldiers.",
"incorrectText2": "Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle were Greek philosophers.",
"incorrectText3": "Many adults in Athens did not have the right to vote."
}, {
"itemType": "UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U",
"questionText": "-. . . Let the king and his ministers labor with a mutual sympathy, saying, �We have received the decree of Heaven and it shall be great as the longcontinued years of Hsia; yea, it shall not fail of the long-continued years of Yin.� I wish the king, through the attachment of the lower people, to receive the long-abiding decree of Heaven. . . .- � Clae Waltham, ed., Shu Ching, Book of History, Henry Regnery Company. Which concept is being referred to in this passage?",
"correctAnswerText": "dynastic cycle",
"incorrectText1": "natural rights",
"incorrectText2": "matriarchal society",
"incorrectText3": "monotheism"
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "The religious terms Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path, and nirvana are most closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "Buddhism",
"incorrectText1": "Judaism",
"incorrectText2": "Shintoism",
"incorrectText3": "Islam"
}, {
"itemType": "8UKFL9QB8570RXP",
"questionText": "The Golden Age of Muslim culture was best known for its",
"correctAnswerText": "advances in mathematics, science, and medicine",
"incorrectText1": "attempts to colonize North America",
"incorrectText2": "frequent conflicts between Christians and Jews",
"incorrectText3": "policies to reduce trade between the Middle East and China"
}, {
"itemType": "FX96LMXJUNBPTWL",
"questionText": "The Commercial Revolution helped lead to the Industrial Revolution because during the Commercial Revolution",
"correctAnswerText": "new forms of business were developed",
"incorrectText1": "the barter system was instituted",
"incorrectText2": "socialism was introduced to Europe",
"incorrectText3": "subsistence agriculture was promoted"
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": "What is meant by Machiavelli�s belief that -the end justifies the means-?",
"correctAnswerText": "Leaders may use any method to achieve what is best for the state.",
"incorrectText1": "The general public always acts in its own best interest.",
"incorrectText2": "Pleasing all of the people at any given time is possible.",
"incorrectText3": "Leaders must always act for the common good."
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "Venice in Europe, Mogadishu in Africa, and Canton in China emerged during the 13th century primarily as important centers of",
"correctAnswerText": "trade",
"incorrectText1": "agriculture",
"incorrectText2": "manufacturing",
"incorrectText3": "mining"
}, {
"itemType": "HI4X8VLDXB6CU97",
"questionText": "What was one influence of Mongol rule on the history of Russia?",
"correctAnswerText": "Russian leaders adopted the idea of strong, centralized control of the empire.",
"incorrectText1": "Contact with kingdoms in western Europe greatly increased.",
"incorrectText2": "The Chinese writing system was introduced and adopted.",
"incorrectText3": "Most Russians converted from Orthodox Christianity to Islam."
}, {
"itemType": "38CTTRF38X7325C",
"questionText": "� Timbuktu is known as a great center of learning and trade. � Walls of Great Zimbabwe reveal a powerful and rich society. � Complex culture produces brass sculptures in Benin. What generalization can be made on the basis of these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Some African societies achieved a high level of economic and cultural development.",
"incorrectText1": "Religious beliefs were the most important element in many African societies.",
"incorrectText2": "North African societies were more advanced than South African societies.",
"incorrectText3": "Most African societies were hundreds of years behind Asian societies in using technology."
}, {
"itemType": "BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9",
"questionText": "The major reason that Portugal and Spain established water routes to Asia�s spice markets was to",
"correctAnswerText": "avoid the overland routes that were controlled by Muslim traders",
"incorrectText1": "experiment with new technology such as the astrolabe and sextant",
"incorrectText2": "provide jobs for navigators, cartographers, and shipbuilders",
"incorrectText3": "discover new continents, plants, and animals"
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "The Magna Carta can be described as a",
"correctAnswerText": "list of feudal rights that limited the power of the English monarchy",
"incorrectText1": "journal about English feudal society",
"incorrectText2": "census of all tax-paying nobility in feudal England",
"incorrectText3": "statement of grievances of the middle class in England"
}, {
"itemType": "SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ",
"questionText": "Philosophers of the Enlightenment period believed that society could best be improved by",
"correctAnswerText": "applying reason and the laws of nature",
"incorrectText1": "relying on faith and divine right",
"incorrectText2": "borrowing ideas from ancient Greece and Rome",
"incorrectText3": "studying the practices of successful leaders"
}, {
"itemType": "FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP",
"questionText": "Which geographic feature made it difficult to unify South America?",
"correctAnswerText": "Andes Mountains",
"incorrectText1": "Straits of Magellan",
"incorrectText2": "Gulf of Mexico",
"incorrectText3": "Argentinian pampas"
}, {
"itemType": "YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3",
"questionText": "Laissez-faire economists of the 19th century argued that",
"correctAnswerText": "individuals should be allowed to pursue their self-interest in a free market",
"incorrectText1": "the government should regulate the economy and foreign trade",
"incorrectText2": "governments should develop a state-run banking system to prevent instability",
"incorrectText3": "anarchy would result if universal male suffrage was granted"
}, {
"itemType": "MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI",
"questionText": "Where did Karl Marx predict a revolution of the proletariat would occur first?",
"correctAnswerText": "industrial Europe",
"incorrectText1": "independent Latin America",
"incorrectText2": "colonial Africa",
"incorrectText3": "agricultural Russia"
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "Which statement best expresses the Western perspective regarding Rudyard Kipling�s -white man�s burden-?",
"correctAnswerText": "Europeans had a duty to introduce the benefits of their civilization to non-European peoples.",
"incorrectText1": "Europeans should preserve traditional cultures in Africa and Asia.",
"incorrectText2": " Europeans must protect existing African and Asian economies.",
"incorrectText3": "Europeans suffered great hardships in exploring new trade routes to Asia."
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "The movement started by journalist Theodor Herzl to promote an independent Jewish state in Palestine is referred to as",
"correctAnswerText": "Zionism",
"incorrectText1": "the Reconquista",
"incorrectText2": "Utopianism",
"incorrectText3": "the Diaspora"
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "The success of the women�s suffrage movement in 20th-century Europe resulted in part from women",
"correctAnswerText": "working in factories during World War I",
"incorrectText1": "holding high political offices",
"incorrectText2": "being encouraged to have large families",
"incorrectText3": "serving in combat positions during World War I"
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "-. . . A free, open-minded, and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims, based upon a strict observance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty the interests of the populations concerned must have equal weight with the equitable claims of the government whose title is to be determined. . . .- � President Woodrow Wilson�s Fourteen Points, 1918. This statement held appeal for nationalists in areas under colonial control because it suggested",
"correctAnswerText": "national self-determination",
"incorrectText1": "economic development",
"incorrectText2": "a system of alliances",
"incorrectText3": "protection from terrorists"
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "In the 1920s and 1930s, Mustafa Kemal Atat�rk changed the Turkish government by",
"correctAnswerText": "introducing democratic reforms",
"incorrectText1": "increasing the power of the sultan",
"incorrectText2": "supporting absolutism",
"incorrectText3": "incorporating religious teachings into civil law"
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "Fascist leaders in Italy and Germany came to power in the 1920s and 1930s because they",
"correctAnswerText": "exploited economic hardships to gain popular support",
"incorrectText1": "supported the League of Nations",
"incorrectText2": "resisted all forms of extreme nationalism",
"incorrectText3": "maintained political traditions"
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "How did geography affect both Napoleon�s invasion and Hitler�s invasion of Russia?",
"correctAnswerText": "The climate created obstacles to success.",
"incorrectText1": "Deserts made invasion possible.",
"incorrectText2": "The tundra enabled the movements of troops.",
"incorrectText3": "Warm-water ports prevented the flow of supplies."
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "The Armenian massacre, the Holocaust, and the Rape of Nanking are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "human rights violations",
"incorrectText1": "appeasement policies",
"incorrectText2": "resistance movements",
"incorrectText3": "Russification efforts"
}, {
"itemType": "0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ",
"questionText": "During the Indian independence movement, many Muslims in India demanded a separate state of Pakistan to",
"correctAnswerText": "address concerns about their status as a religious minority",
"incorrectText1": "remain under British control",
"incorrectText2": "prevent future invasions from Afghanistan and China",
"incorrectText3": "protect the sacred rivers, the Indus and the Ganges"
}, {
"itemType": "LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z",
"questionText": "What was a major cause of the civil wars in many Central American nations in the 1970s and 1980s?",
"correctAnswerText": "economic differences between social classes",
"incorrectText1": "end of slavery in the encomienda system",
"incorrectText2": "rapid economic reform",
"incorrectText3": "oil production policies"
}, {
"itemType": "6J6SIRWPNI6IONR",
"questionText": "One way in which Lech Walesa, Mikhail Gorbachev, and Nelson Mandela are similar is that each",
"correctAnswerText": "led the people of his nation toward a more democratic government",
"incorrectText1": "fought for power for the black majority over the white minority",
"incorrectText2": "worked to end communism in his country",
"incorrectText3": "refused to participate in the United Nations"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "� Creation of NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and the Warsaw Pact � Construction of the Berlin Wall � Cuban missile crisis. These events are most closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "the Cold War",
"incorrectText1": "World War I",
"incorrectText2": "World War II",
"incorrectText3": "the Persian Gulf War"
}, {
"itemType": "TX38PQXUNZK77UN",
"questionText": "The activities of Mother Teresa are most closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "the needs of the poor and health care",
"incorrectText1": "democracy and political freedom",
"incorrectText2": "industrialization and open markets",
"incorrectText3": "nationalism and independence movements"
}, {
"itemType": "IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW",
"questionText": "� Chernobyl experiences nuclear disaster. � Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) deplete the ozone layer. � Rivers and seas are polluted throughout the world. Which conclusion can best be drawn from these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Modern technology can have serious negative effects.",
"incorrectText1": "Today�s environment renews itself.",
"incorrectText2": "Only developing nations have environmental problems.",
"incorrectText3": "Most environmental problems originate in Europe."
}, {
"itemType": "B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68",
"questionText": "One way in which Iran�s Ayatollah Khomeini and Afghanistan�s Taliban were similar is that they each",
"correctAnswerText": "established an Islamic state",
"incorrectText1": "sponsored a United Nations Conference on Women�s Rights",
"incorrectText2": "joined the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)",
"incorrectText3": "incorporated communist doctrine into their government"
}, {
"itemType": "Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV",
"questionText": "Which factor is most responsible for the international importance of the Middle East?",
"correctAnswerText": "vital natural resources in a strategic location",
"incorrectText1": "innovative political and social reforms",
"incorrectText2": "superior weapons technology",
"incorrectText3": "advanced scientific and industrial development"
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "A common element in the movements for German unification, Italian unification, and Indian independence was the",
"correctAnswerText": "strength of nationalist leaders",
"incorrectText1": "support of the Catholic Church",
"incorrectText2": "mediation of the League of Nations",
"incorrectText3": "existence of democratic institutions"
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "Which leader is most closely associated with the use of civil disobedience in a struggle to end colonial rule?",
"correctAnswerText": "Mohandas Gandhi",
"incorrectText1": "Momar Khadafi",
"incorrectText2": "Ho Chi Minh",
"incorrectText3": "Saddam Hussein"
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "One similarity between the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution and the Cultural Revolution in China was that both",
"correctAnswerText": "used violent methods to eliminate their opponents",
"incorrectText1": "limited the power of absolute leaders",
"incorrectText2": "illustrated the power of public opinion in forming national policy",
"incorrectText3": "established social stability and economic growth"
}, {
"itemType": "RQFKPE3OR6A25JD",
"questionText": "� Oceans are an important source of food in Japan. � Terrace farming is used in many parts of China. � Irrigation systems are widely used in India. Which conclusion can best be drawn from these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "People adapt to meet the challenges of their geography.",
"incorrectText1": "Many civilizations use irrigation to improve crop production.",
"incorrectText2": "Fish provide adequate protein for the Japanese.",
"incorrectText3": "Most nations are dependent on the same food source."
}, {
"itemType": "I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ",
"questionText": "Which social scientists are best known for studying the physical artifacts of a culture?",
"correctAnswerText": "archaeologists ",
"incorrectText1": "geographers",
"incorrectText2": "economists",
"incorrectText3": "sociologists"
}, {
"itemType": "6KQZN538LCU7K9W",
"questionText": "Which statement most accurately describes how geography affected the growth of the ancient civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia?",
"correctAnswerText": "River valleys provided rich soil to grow plentiful crops.",
"incorrectText1": "Large deserts provided many mineral deposits.",
"incorrectText2": "Access to the Atlantic Ocean provided trade routes.",
"incorrectText3": "Large savanna areas provided protection from invaders."
}, {
"itemType": "XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG",
"questionText": "One way in which the Five Relationships, the Ten Commandments, and the Eightfold Path are similar is that they",
"correctAnswerText": "provide codes of behavior",
"incorrectText1": "promote polytheism",
"incorrectText2": "establish gender equality",
"incorrectText3": "describe secularism"
}, {
"itemType": "LFNB87QHK1KPSO1",
"questionText": "The Phoenicians are often referred to as the -carriers of civilization- because they",
"correctAnswerText": "traded goods and spread ideas throughout the Mediterranean region",
"incorrectText1": "introduced Islam and Christianity to Central Africa",
"incorrectText2": "established colonies throughout northern Europe",
"incorrectText3": "developed the first carts with wheels"
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "The exchange of silks and spices and the spread of Buddhism along the Silk Roads are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diffusion ",
"incorrectText1": "ethnocentrism",
"incorrectText2": "self-sufficiency",
"incorrectText3": "desertification"
}, {
"itemType": "NORRDWZROR868GG",
"questionText": "Which accomplishments are associated with the Gupta Empire?",
"correctAnswerText": "use of Sanskrit language and development of the concept of zero",
"incorrectText1": "adoption of democracy and construction of the Pantheon",
"incorrectText2": "defeat of the Roman Empire and adoption of Christianity",
"incorrectText3": "establishment of Pax Mongolia and founding of a Chinese dynasty"
}, {
"itemType": "20E6K97FCPOIUK3",
"questionText": "Kievian Russia adopted the Eastern Orthodox religion, the Cyrillic alphabet, and different styles of art and architecture through contact with",
"correctAnswerText": "missionaries from the Byzantine Empire",
"incorrectText1": "traders from South Asia",
"incorrectText2": "conquering invaders from Mongolia",
"incorrectText3": "crusaders from western Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "B7PFLDEF4F7G29R",
"questionText": "Which statement about the Golden Age of Islam is a fact rather than an opinion?",
"correctAnswerText": "Islamic society preserved Greek and Roman culture.",
"incorrectText1": "Islamic art was more abstract than Greek art.",
"incorrectText2": "Muslims were the best early mathematicians.",
"incorrectText3": "Muslim artists had more talent than European artists."
}, {
"itemType": "5MH112LCJ8OZFJM",
"questionText": "Which economic activity was the basis for most of the wealth and power of the West African empires of Ghana and Mali?",
"correctAnswerText": "trading in salt and gold",
"incorrectText1": "hunting and gathering",
"incorrectText2": "farming and cattle ranching",
"incorrectText3": "working in bronze and brass"
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "What was one reason that some Italian cities developed into major commercial and cultural centers during the 13th and 14th centuries?",
"correctAnswerText": "geographic location",
"incorrectText1": "unified central government",
"incorrectText2": "isolationist economic policies",
"incorrectText3": "system of social equality"
}, {
"itemType": "9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ",
"questionText": "Which two cultures most influenced the development of early Japan?",
"correctAnswerText": "Chinese and Korean",
"incorrectText1": "Greek and Roman",
"incorrectText2": "Egyptian and Mesopotamian",
"incorrectText3": "Indian and Persian"
}, {
"itemType": "IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0",
"questionText": "The foreign policy of many Russian rulers supported the country�s desire for",
"correctAnswerText": "warm-water ports",
"incorrectText1": "access to inland cities",
"incorrectText2": "more mineral resources",
"incorrectText3": "extensive canal systems"
}, {
"itemType": "6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP",
"questionText": "One way in which the Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the Glorious Revolution are similar is that each",
"correctAnswerText": "limited the power of the English monarchy",
"incorrectText1": "strengthened the power of the pope",
"incorrectText2": "led to the exploration of Africa",
"incorrectText3": "settled religious conflicts"
}, {
"itemType": "5WFRV6D1AF857M2",
"questionText": "The encomienda system in Latin America was a direct result of the",
"correctAnswerText": "Age of Exploration",
"incorrectText1": "Crusades",
"incorrectText2": "Reformation",
"incorrectText3": "Age of Reason"
}, {
"itemType": "ICALETH1G91HXTE",
"questionText": "Sir Isaac Newton, Galileo Galilei, and Johannes Kepler are all directly associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "Scientific Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Industrial Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "English Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "Agricultural Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "6HN4D643RTBD5SO",
"questionText": "The Enlightenment and the American Revolution were both major influences on 19th-century uprisings in",
"correctAnswerText": "Latin America",
"incorrectText1": "Vietnam",
"incorrectText2": "the Middle East",
"incorrectText3": "Japan"
}, {
"itemType": "5KYWZNHEGDGC56G",
"questionText": "Before the French Revolution, the people of France were divided into three estates based mainly on their",
"correctAnswerText": "social class",
"incorrectText1": "education level",
"incorrectText2": "geographic region",
"incorrectText3": "religious beliefs"
}, {
"itemType": "5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK",
"questionText": "One similarity in the leadership of Jomo Kenyatta, Jos� de San Mart�n, and Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen) is that they",
"correctAnswerText": "supported nationalistic movements",
"incorrectText1": "organized communist rebellions",
"incorrectText2": "opposed trade with other nations",
"incorrectText3": "established democratic rule in their countries"
}, {
"itemType": "8L2TET9XHNDJDY6",
"questionText": "The Opium Wars in China and the expedition of Commodore Matthew Perry to Japan resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "an increase in Western trade and influence in Asia",
"incorrectText1": "the economic isolation of China and Japan",
"incorrectText2": "an increase in Chinese influence in Asia",
"incorrectText3": "the beginning of democratic governments in China and Japan"
}, {
"itemType": "GON3JDO53HYHEHP",
"questionText": "What was a direct result of the Meiji Restoration in Japan?",
"correctAnswerText": "Japan became a modern industrial nation.",
"incorrectText1": "The Tokugawa Shogunate seized control of the government.",
"incorrectText2": "Russia signed a mutual trade agreement.",
"incorrectText3": "Japan stayed politically isolated."
}, {
"itemType": "17S7REU8QQJYUYZ",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes a mixed economy?",
"correctAnswerText": "Some industries are owned by the state, and others are privately owned.",
"incorrectText1": "The government determines the production and distribution of goods and services.",
"incorrectText2": "The products that consumers demand determine what goods are produced.",
"incorrectText3": "People produce the same goods, but in different amounts, every year."
}, {
"itemType": "11Y568S0S231L12",
"questionText": "Which leader based his rule on the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels?",
"correctAnswerText": "Vladimir Lenin",
"incorrectText1": "Neville Chamberlain",
"incorrectText2": "Adolf Hitler",
"incorrectText3": "Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek)"
}, {
"itemType": "A21ZEU2LRRWODOM",
"questionText": "One reason for the outbreak of World War II was the",
"correctAnswerText": "ineffectiveness of the League of Nations",
"incorrectText1": "growing tension between the United States and the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText2": "conflict between the Hapsburg and the Romanov families",
"incorrectText3": "refusal of the German government to sign the Treaty of Versailles"
}, {
"itemType": "6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ",
"questionText": "Which United States foreign policy was used to maintain the independence of Greece and Turkey after World War II?",
"correctAnswerText": "containment",
"incorrectText1": "nonalignment",
"incorrectText2": "neutrality",
"incorrectText3": "militarism"
}, {
"itemType": "LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0",
"questionText": "Which important principle was established as a result of the Nuremberg trials?",
"correctAnswerText": "Individuals can be held accountable for -crimes against humanity.-",
"incorrectText1": "Defeated nations have no rights in international courts of law.",
"incorrectText2": "Soldiers must follow the orders of their superiors.",
"incorrectText3": "Aggressor nations must pay war reparations for damages caused during wars."
}, {
"itemType": "4M68F8AH54RB0JZ",
"questionText": "Which statement about the European Union (EU) is most accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "The goal of the European Union is to improve the economic prosperity of Europe.",
"incorrectText1": "The European Union dissolved because of disagreements among its members.",
"incorrectText2": "Some nations are now being forced to become members of the European Union.",
"incorrectText3": "The European Union has recently expanded to include North African nations."
}, {
"itemType": "9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV",
"questionText": "Most of the world�s known oil reserves are located near which geographic area?",
"correctAnswerText": "Persian Gulf",
"incorrectText1": "Ural Mountains",
"incorrectText2": "North Sea",
"incorrectText3": "Gulf of Mexico"
}, {
"itemType": "FZLOFTA7JBEINNX",
"questionText": "The policy of strict racial separation and discrimination that was implemented in the Republic of South Africa is called",
"correctAnswerText": "apartheid",
"incorrectText1": "collectivization",
"incorrectText2": "intifada",
"incorrectText3": "communism"
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes a problem facing India today?",
"correctAnswerText": "Religious and ethnic diversity has continued to cause conflict.",
"incorrectText1": "Democracy has failed to gain popular support.",
"incorrectText2": "A decrease in population has led to labor shortages.",
"incorrectText3": "Lack of technology has limited military capabilities."
}, {
"itemType": "2WTN2EZKLD1NA2I",
"questionText": "-India Strives for Grain Self-Sufficiency by 1970- -New Wheat Variety Grows in Arid Climate- -Chemical Fertilizer Use Rises 10% in 1960- -Sri Lanka�s Rice Production Increases 25% in Three Years-.  These newspaper headlines from the 1960s and 1970s describe some of the results of the",
"correctAnswerText": "Green Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Sepoy Mutiny",
"incorrectText2": "Kashmir crisis",
"incorrectText3": "Computer Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "5S395ACMQUGANID",
"questionText": "The treatment of the Armenians by Ottoman Turks in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and the treatment of Muslims by the Serbs of Yugoslavia in the 1990s are both examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "human rights violations",
"incorrectText1": "coalition rule",
"incorrectText2": "liberation theology",
"incorrectText3": "universal suffrage"
}, {
"itemType": "C3G8TIBPN3R75J7",
"questionText": "The doctrines of the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Protestant churches are all based on the",
"correctAnswerText": "principles of Christianity",
"incorrectText1": "concept of reincarnation",
"incorrectText2": "teachings of Muhammad",
"incorrectText3": "leadership of the pope"
}, {
"itemType": "N5DKB90KJBRZ7LK",
"questionText": "Which factor contributed to the success of the Hanseatic League, the Kingdom of Songhai, and the British East India Company?",
"correctAnswerText": "development of trade with other regions",
"incorrectText1": "location in the Middle East",
"incorrectText2": "imperialism in Europe",
"incorrectText3": "growth of the Ottoman Empire"
}, {
"itemType": "LDLBICMUYYJJXFM",
"questionText": "Heavy military losses in World War I, food and fuel shortages, and opposition to the czar led to the",
"correctAnswerText": "Russian Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "French Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "Chinese Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "Cuban Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "ADH99R0N2E3WDB2",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor in Russia played a role in Napoleon�s defeat in 1812 and Hitler�s defeat at Stalingrad in 1943?",
"correctAnswerText": "harsh climate",
"incorrectText1": "Siberian tundra",
"incorrectText2": "arid land",
"incorrectText3": "Caspian Sea"
}, {
"itemType": "DKJONPHAWJ9F1J9",
"questionText": "� Scholars take civil service examinations for government positions. � Students form Red Guard units to challenge counterrevolutionaries. � Students demonstrate for democratic reforms in the capital and are killed by government troops. These statements describe the changing role of students in which nation?",
"correctAnswerText": "China",
"incorrectText1": "Japan",
"incorrectText2": "Russia",
"incorrectText3": "India"
}]
},
{
"itemId": "2E46B5CDD37F726A1769344",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2006 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2006 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{
"itemType": "FU9DRRDLASG0B18",
"questionText": "The main purpose of a time line is to show the",
"correctAnswerText": "chronological relationship between events",
"incorrectText1": "causes and effects of wars",
"incorrectText2": "location of important places",
"incorrectText3": "benefits of modern civilizations"
}, {
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "Throughout history, people have lived on savannas, in deserts, in mountains, along river valleys, along coastlines, and on islands. This statement demonstrates that people",
"correctAnswerText": "adapt their surroundings",
"incorrectText1": "develop a common language",
"incorrectText2": "organize similar forms of government",
"incorrectText3": "prefer to live in isolated areas"
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "In a command economy, economic decisions are mostly influenced by",
"correctAnswerText": "government policies",
"incorrectText1": "consumer demands",
"incorrectText2": "private investors",
"incorrectText3": "banking practices"
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "How did the introduction of agriculture affect early peoples?",
"correctAnswerText": "Civilizations developed.",
"incorrectText1": "Societies became nomadic.",
"incorrectText2": "Food production declined.",
"incorrectText3": "Birthrates decreased rapidly."
}, {
"itemType": "V1LX77TKH98RRK5",
"questionText": "� If a man has destroyed the eye of a free man, his own eye shall be destroyed. � If a man has knocked out the teeth of a man of the same rank, his own teeth shall be knocked out. These rules are based on the",
"correctAnswerText": "Code of Hammurabi",
"incorrectText1": "Analects of Confucius",
"incorrectText2": "Ten Commandments",
"incorrectText3": "Koran (Qur�an)"
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "Which civilization first developed a civil service system, invented gunpowder, and manufactured porcelain?",
"correctAnswerText": "Chinese",
"incorrectText1": "Aztec",
"incorrectText2": "Japanese",
"incorrectText3": "Roman"
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "What was one effect of Alexander the Great�s conquests?",
"correctAnswerText": "expansion of Hellenistic culture",
"incorrectText1": "formation of the Christian church",
"incorrectText2": "decreased importance of the Silk Roads",
"incorrectText3": "increased support of the Mayan leaders"
}, {
"itemType": "W51PW4MEE1QROQ1",
"questionText": "Which two belief systems teach that there are spirits in nature?",
"correctAnswerText": "Shinto and animism",
"incorrectText1": "Hinduism and Confucianism",
"incorrectText2": "Judaism and Christianity",
"incorrectText3": "Islam and Buddhism"
}, {
"itemType": "5XGL523ABIUTY7R",
"questionText": "Constantinople�s location on the Bosporus Strait was one reason that the Byzantine Empire was able to",
"correctAnswerText": "control key trade routes between Europe and Asia",
"incorrectText1": "conquer the Russian city of Moscow",
"incorrectText2": "spread Judaism throughout western Europe",
"incorrectText3": "unite the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches"
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "The Justinian Code is considered a milestone because it",
"correctAnswerText": "served as a model for European legal systems",
"incorrectText1": "preserved many ancient Chinese legal decrees in writing",
"incorrectText2": "became the first democratic constitution",
"incorrectText3": "united Muslim and Roman thought"
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "A major contribution of the Golden Age of Islam was the",
"correctAnswerText": "advancement of mathematics and science",
"incorrectText1": "development of mercantilism",
"incorrectText2": "creation of the first polytheistic religion",
"incorrectText3": "spread of democratic ideals"
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "Which factor most influenced a person�s social position in early Indian societies?",
"correctAnswerText": "birth",
"incorrectText1": "education",
"incorrectText2": "geographic location",
"incorrectText3": "individual achievement"
}, {
"itemType": "3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5",
"questionText": "Historians value the writings of Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta because they",
"correctAnswerText": "serve as primary sources about trade and culture",
"incorrectText1": "provide the basis for European holy books",
"incorrectText2": "include advice on how to be a democratic ruler",
"incorrectText3": "present unbiased views of life in Africa and Asia"
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": "Which factor contributed to the beginning of the Renaissance in Italian cities?",
"correctAnswerText": "access to important trade routes",
"incorrectText1": "occupation by foreign powers",
"incorrectText2": "interaction with Latin America",
"incorrectText3": "surplus of porcelain from Japan"
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "� 1340s�Mongols, merchants, and other travelers carried disease along trade routes west of China. � 1346�The plague reached the Black Sea ports of Caffa and Tana. � 1347�Italian merchants fled plague-infected Black Sea ports. � 1348�The plague became an epidemic in most of western Europe. Which conclusion can be made based on these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "The interaction of people spread the plague.",
"incorrectText1": "The plague primarily affected China.",
"incorrectText2": "Port cities were relatively untouched by the plague.",
"incorrectText3": "The plague started in western Europe."
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": "Which innovation had the greatest impact on the Protestant Reformation?",
"correctAnswerText": "movable-type printing press",
"incorrectText1": "Mercator map projection",
"incorrectText2": "magnetic compass",
"incorrectText3": "triangular sail"
}, {
"itemType": "8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes the concept of mercantilism?",
"correctAnswerText": "Controlling trade is a key to increasing power.",
"incorrectText1": "Universal suffrage leads to educated citizens.",
"incorrectText2": "Only the fittest deserve to survive.",
"incorrectText3": "Strict social control prevents revolutions."
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": "The Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the English Bill of Rights were created to",
"correctAnswerText": "limit the power of English monarchs",
"incorrectText1": "establish laws protecting the rights of Protestants",
"incorrectText2": "organize England�s colonial empire",
"incorrectText3": "abolish the role of Parliament"
}, {
"itemType": "9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF",
"questionText": "The theory justifying a monarch�s rule by God�s authority is called",
"correctAnswerText": "divine right",
"incorrectText1": "laissez faire",
"incorrectText2": "predestination",
"incorrectText3": "totalitarianism"
}, {
"itemType": "HARJ6XE78XNCXSA",
"questionText": "One similarity in the rule of Peter the Great, Suleiman I, and Louis XIV is that each leader",
"correctAnswerText": "expanded his territory",
"incorrectText1": "shared power with a legislature",
"incorrectText2": "practiced religious toleration",
"incorrectText3": "decreased the amount of taxes collected"
}, {
"itemType": "8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A",
"questionText": "Which factors protected Russia from control by Napoleon�s army?",
"correctAnswerText": "geographic size and location",
"incorrectText1": "religious and cultural similarities",
"incorrectText2": "industrialization and modernization",
"incorrectText3": "political and economic instability"
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "-To him who wishes to follow me, I offer hardships, hunger, thirst and all the perils of war.- � Garibaldi�s Memoirs This quotation from Garibaldi is most closely associated with Italian",
"correctAnswerText": "nationalism",
"incorrectText1": "exploration",
"incorrectText2": "imperialism",
"incorrectText3": "neutrality"
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": "During the 1800s, reform legislation passed in Great Britain, France, and Germany led to",
"correctAnswerText": "legalizing trade unions, setting minimum wages, and limiting child labor",
"incorrectText1": "formation of zaibatsu, greater equality for men, and establishment of a banking system",
"incorrectText2": "government-owned factories, establishment of five-year plans, and limits placed on immigration",
"incorrectText3": "bans on overseas trade, mandatory military service, and universal suffrage for women"
}, {
"itemType": "HSF4BRDGX2SXB69",
"questionText": "Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels encouraged workers to improve their lives by",
"correctAnswerText": "overthrowing the capitalist system",
"incorrectText1": "electing union representatives",
"incorrectText2": "participating in local government",
"incorrectText3": "demanding pensions and disability insurance"
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "Totalitarian governments are characterized by the",
"correctAnswerText": "use of censorship, secret police, and repression",
"incorrectText1": "elimination of heavy industry",
"incorrectText2": "lack of a written constitution",
"incorrectText3": "support of the people for parliamentary decisions"
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "The famine in Ukraine during the 1930s resulted from the Soviet government�s attempt to",
"correctAnswerText": "collectivize agriculture",
"incorrectText1": "end a civil war",
"incorrectText2": "implement free-market practices",
"incorrectText3": "introduce crop rotation"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "When some European leaders agreed to Hitler�s demands concerning Czechoslovakia in 1938, they were supporting a policy of",
"correctAnswerText": "appeasement",
"incorrectText1": "d�tente",
"incorrectText2": "balance of power",
"incorrectText3": "collective security"
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "One reason Germany�s invasion of Poland in 1939 was successful is that Poland",
"correctAnswerText": "lacked natural barriers",
"incorrectText1": "was located along the North Sea",
"incorrectText2": "lacked natural resources",
"incorrectText3": "was close to the Balkans"
}, {
"itemType": "3S3OX0N305A2N1R",
"questionText": "What was one reason that India was divided into two nations in 1947?",
"correctAnswerText": "Differences between the Hindus and the Muslims created religious conflict.",
"incorrectText1": "Indian leaders disagreed about India�s role in the United Nations.",
"incorrectText2": "Great Britain feared a unified India would be a military threat.",
"incorrectText3": "The Soviet Union insisted that India should have a communist government."
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "� Organization of American States (OAS) � European Union (EU) � North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). These organizations and agreements are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "regional cooperation",
"incorrectText1": "political isolation",
"incorrectText2": "military alliances",
"incorrectText3": "collective security"
}, {
"itemType": "YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP",
"questionText": "Which factor most helped Communist Party forces gain control of China after World War II?",
"correctAnswerText": "The Communists gained the support of China�s peasant class.",
"incorrectText1": "The United States sent weapons to the Communists.",
"incorrectText2": "The Japanese gave economic aid to the Nationalists.",
"incorrectText3": "The Chinese Nationalists set up their own government in Taiwan."
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "Which event illustrates the policy of containment?",
"correctAnswerText": "naval blockade of Cuba (1962)",
"incorrectText1": "Nuremberg trials (1945�1946)",
"incorrectText2": "Hungarian revolt (1956)",
"incorrectText3": "launching of Sputnik (1957)"
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "One similarity between Mikhail Gorbachev�s perestroika and Deng Xiaoping�s Four Modernizations is that each",
"correctAnswerText": "allowed elements of capitalism",
"incorrectText1": "maintained the democratic process",
"incorrectText2": "strengthened communism",
"incorrectText3": "increased global tensions"
}, {
"itemType": "9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI",
"questionText": "One similarity between the Korean War and the Vietnam War is that both wars were",
"correctAnswerText": "fought as a result of differing political ideologies during the Cold War",
"incorrectText1": "resolved through the diplomatic efforts of the United Nations",
"incorrectText2": "fought without foreign influence or assistance",
"incorrectText3": "caused by religious conflicts"
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "Which practice in medieval Europe was most similar to a Japanese warrior�s code of bushido?",
"correctAnswerText": "chivalry",
"incorrectText1": "indulgences",
"incorrectText2": "serfdom",
"incorrectText3": "tribute"
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "In Iran, both the Revolution of 1979 and the rise of Islamic fundamentalism have caused",
"correctAnswerText": "tension between traditionalism and modernization to continue",
"incorrectText1": "an increase in women�s rights",
"incorrectText2": "foreign control of natural resources to expand",
"incorrectText3": "the introduction of a communist form of government"
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "Which sequence of events is listed in the correct chronological order?",
"correctAnswerText": "Crusades ? Renaissance ? French Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Crusades ? French Revolution ? Renaissance",
"incorrectText2": "French Revolution ? Crusades ? Renaissance",
"incorrectText3": "Renaissance ? Crusades ? French Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "M6L7YCS6YVBNI48",
"questionText": "Which period of history had the greatest influence on the Enlightenment ideas of natural law and reason?",
"correctAnswerText": "Scientific Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Pax Romana",
"incorrectText2": "Middle Ages",
"incorrectText3": "Age of Exploration"
}, {
"itemType": "TBIDXY8QT09WZDG",
"questionText": "During the 20th century, global attention was drawn to the Armenians of the Ottoman Empire, the Tutsis of Rwanda, and the Muslims of Kosovo because these groups were all victims of",
"correctAnswerText": "human rights violations",
"incorrectText1": "nuclear power accidents",
"incorrectText2": "environmental disasters",
"incorrectText3": "the AIDS epidemic"
}, {
"itemType": "QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD",
"questionText": "� Maize and potatoes were grown in Europe. � Millions of Africans suffered during the Middle Passage. � Smallpox had devastating effects on indigenous peoples. � Spanish language is used in much of Latin America. Which global interaction is illustrated by these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Columbian Exchange",
"incorrectText1": "Silk Road trade",
"incorrectText2": "Crusades",
"incorrectText3": "Scramble for Africa"
}, {
"itemType": "IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU",
"questionText": "� Siberian Plain � Sahara Desert � Amazon Basin � Mongolian Steppes. One characteristic common to these areas is that they all",
"correctAnswerText": "have a low population density",
"incorrectText1": "are located between major river valleys",
"incorrectText2": "are major religious centers",
"incorrectText3": "have large areas of valuable farmland"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "Which pair of belief systems share a belief that spirits reside in natural objects and forms?",
"correctAnswerText": "Shintoism and animism",
"incorrectText1": "Hinduism and Confucianism",
"incorrectText2": "Islam and Judaism",
"incorrectText3": "Christianity and Buddhism"
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "Which statement about the Tang dynasty is a fact rather than an opinion?",
"correctAnswerText": "The Tang emperors granted government jobs to scholars who passed examinations.",
"incorrectText1": "Technical advances would have been greater if the Tang dynasty had lasted longer.",
"incorrectText2": "China�s best emperors came from the Tang dynasty.",
"incorrectText3": "The culture of the Tang dynasty was superior to that of the Han dynasty."
}, {
"itemType": "UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U",
"questionText": "During the feudal period in Europe, power and position in society were based on the",
"correctAnswerText": "amount of land possessed",
"incorrectText1": "amount of money earned",
"incorrectText2": "level of education achieved",
"incorrectText3": "number of slaves owned"
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "Revival of trade in western Europe, decline of feudalism, revival of interest in learning, and cultural interaction with the Middle East are associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "impact of the Crusades",
"incorrectText1": "effects of the barter system",
"incorrectText2": "growth of the Maya Empire",
"incorrectText3": "rise of Charlemagne"
}, {
"itemType": "FX96LMXJUNBPTWL",
"questionText": "Much of the wealth of the West African kingdoms of Ghana and Mali was gained from the",
"correctAnswerText": "control of the trans-Saharan trade in gold and salt",
"incorrectText1": "sale of slaves to Europeans",
"incorrectText2": "creation of colonies on the Mediterranean coast",
"incorrectText3": "taxation on goods brought by Indian merchants"
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": "What was a long-term impact of Marco Polo�s trips to China?",
"correctAnswerText": "Trade increased between China and Europe.",
"incorrectText1": "The Silk Roads replaced the all-water route to Asia.",
"incorrectText2": "The Chinese forced the Europeans to trade only in Peking.",
"incorrectText3": "China was isolated from other countries."
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "In western Europe, Martin Luther�s Ninety-five Theses and Henry VIII�s Act of Supremacy led to",
"correctAnswerText": "an end to Christian unity",
"incorrectText1": "a strengthening of economic unity",
"incorrectText2": "better relations between peasants and merchants",
"incorrectText3": "fewer violent outbreaks between ethnic groups"
}, {
"itemType": "HI4X8VLDXB6CU97",
"questionText": "� Leonardo DaVinci used movement and perspective in his work. � Machiavelli�s The Prince advised rulers on how to gain and maintain power. � Humanist scholars examined worldly subjects and classical culture. Which period is associated with these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Renaissance",
"incorrectText1": "French Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "Early Middle Ages",
"incorrectText3": "Enlightenment"
}, {
"itemType": "38CTTRF38X7325C",
"questionText": "During the 15th century, which two European countries began sea voyages of exploration?",
"correctAnswerText": "Portugal and Spain",
"incorrectText1": "Germany and Italy",
"incorrectText2": "England and France",
"incorrectText3": "Russia and the Netherlands"
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "The Aztec use of the calendar and the Maya writing system both illustrate that pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas",
"correctAnswerText": "flourished prior to European contact",
"incorrectText1": "traded extensively with Africa",
"incorrectText2": "declined because of invasion and disease",
"incorrectText3": "converted others to Islam"
}, {
"itemType": "SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ",
"questionText": "Locke�s Two Treatises of Government, Rousseau�s The Social Contract, and Montesquieu�s The Spirit of the Laws were works written during which time period?",
"correctAnswerText": "Enlightenment",
"incorrectText1": "Middle Ages",
"incorrectText2": "Renaissance",
"incorrectText3": "Reformation"
}, {
"itemType": "FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP",
"questionText": "What was a major cause of the French Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "inequalities in the tax structure",
"incorrectText1": "economic success of mercantilism",
"incorrectText2": "failure of the Congress of Vienna",
"incorrectText3": "Continental System in Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3",
"questionText": "The British government took control of the Suez Canal and Singapore during the 19th century in order to",
"correctAnswerText": "ensure safe passage on strategic waterways",
"incorrectText1": "sell petroleum to these territories",
"incorrectText2": "gain more converts to Christianity",
"incorrectText3": "transport laborers directly to the Americas"
}, {
"itemType": "MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI",
"questionText": "The Sepoy Rebellion was to India as the Boxer Rebellion was to",
"correctAnswerText": "China ",
"incorrectText1": "Russia",
"incorrectText2": "Japan",
"incorrectText3": "Italy"
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "One reason for Japan�s rapid industrialization during the Meiji Restoration was that Japan had",
"correctAnswerText": "reformed its political and economic systems",
"incorrectText1": "rejected Western ideas",
"incorrectText2": "used its access to the sea for fishing",
"incorrectText3": "relied on traditional isolationist policies"
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "What was the immediate cause of World War I in Europe?",
"correctAnswerText": "assassination of the heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire",
"incorrectText1": "start of the civil war in Russia",
"incorrectText2": "sinking of the British liner, Lusitania",
"incorrectText3": "attack on Poland by the German army"
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "Under communism in the former Soviet Union, people were required to",
"correctAnswerText": "put the interests of the state before individual gain",
"incorrectText1": "reject modern technology",
"incorrectText2": "limit the size of their families",
"incorrectText3": "honor their ancestors and religious traditions"
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "Many historians believe that the harsh terms found in the Treaty of Versailles helped lead to",
"correctAnswerText": "World War II",
"incorrectText1": "Italy�s unification",
"incorrectText2": "Turkey�s modernization",
"incorrectText3": "revolutions in Russia"
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "Which economic program was implemented by Joseph Stalin?",
"correctAnswerText": "five-year plans",
"incorrectText1": "Four Modernizations",
"incorrectText2": "Great Leap Forward",
"incorrectText3": "perestroika"
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "One reason the Japanese followed a policy of expansionism before World War II was to gain",
"correctAnswerText": "additional natural resources",
"incorrectText1": "warm-water ports",
"incorrectText2": "control of Tibet",
"incorrectText3": "control of the Suez Canal"
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "-Korea Divided at 38th Parallel- -Hungarian Revolution Crushed- -Missile Sites Spotted in Cuba-. The events in these headlines contributed to the",
"correctAnswerText": "tensions between the superpowers",
"incorrectText1": "development of peacetime alliances",
"incorrectText2": "collapse of the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText3": "rejection of imperialism by Western nations"
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "One reason the Chinese Communists were able to gain control of China was primarily due to the support of the",
"correctAnswerText": "peasants",
"incorrectText1": "foreigners",
"incorrectText2": "landed elite",
"incorrectText3": "warlords"
}, {
"itemType": "0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ",
"questionText": "-India made detailed preparations for war with Pakistan yesterday, although senior officers said offensive operations would have to wait for the end of searing summer temperatures and the monsoon rain which follows. . . .- � The Daily Telegraph (London), May 21, 2002. Which conclusion is based on this passage?",
"correctAnswerText": "Geographic factors can influence a nation�s military decisions.",
"incorrectText1": "Military offensives often succeed because of monsoons.",
"incorrectText2": "Pakistan will be destroyed by flooding and drought.",
"incorrectText3": "Trade has a major impact on political life in India."
}, {
"itemType": "LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z",
"questionText": "How do some Latin American governments justify the destruction of the rain forests?",
"correctAnswerText": "Cattle raising, farming, and mining in the rain forest will help the economy.",
"incorrectText1": "Manufacturers no longer use the latex produced by the trees of the rain forest.",
"incorrectText2": "People who live in the rain forest are moving to the cities.",
"incorrectText3": "Drug trafficking will decrease when the protection of the rain forests is gone."
}, {
"itemType": "6J6SIRWPNI6IONR",
"questionText": "Which nation had the greatest influence on the recent histories of Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Tibet?",
"correctAnswerText": "China",
"incorrectText1": "India",
"incorrectText2": "South Korea",
"incorrectText3": "Russia"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "-. . . We cannot and must not allow ourselves to have the message of Hiroshima and Nagasaki fade completely from our minds, and we cannot allow our vision or ideals to fade, either. For if we do, we have but one course left for us. And that flash of light will not only rob us of our vision, but it will rob us of our lives, our progeny [descendants], and our very existence.- � Tadatoshi Akiba, Mayor of Hiroshima. With which issue is Mayor Akiba most concerned?",
"correctAnswerText": "nuclear proliferation",
"incorrectText1": "depletion of the ozone layer",
"incorrectText2": "treatment of infectious diseases",
"incorrectText3": "international terrorism"
}, {
"itemType": "TX38PQXUNZK77UN",
"questionText": "Which empire became powerful partly because of its location near the Mediterranean Sea?",
"correctAnswerText": "Ottoman",
"incorrectText1": "German",
"incorrectText2": "Ming",
"incorrectText3": "Maya"
}, {
"itemType": "IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW",
"questionText": "One similarity in the rule of Julius Caesar, Genghis Khan, and Catherine the Great is that each leader",
"correctAnswerText": "engaged in territorial expansion",
"incorrectText1": "required the use of Latin throughout the empire",
"incorrectText2": "introduced the use of gunpowder in warfare",
"incorrectText3": "encouraged the spread of independence movements"
}, {
"itemType": "B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68",
"questionText": "Both Inca farmers and Japanese farmers adapted a geographic feature of their countries by",
"correctAnswerText": "building terraces into the mountainsides",
"incorrectText1": "engaging in overseas expansion",
"incorrectText2": "growing crops suited to desert climates",
"incorrectText3": "reclaiming land from the sea by building dikes"
}, {
"itemType": "Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV",
"questionText": ". . . The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles. Freeman and slave, patrician [a person of high birth] and plebeian [common person], lord and serf, guild-master and journeyman, in a word, oppressor and oppressed, stood in constant opposition to one another, carried on an uninterrupted, now hidden, now open fight, a fight that each time ended, either in a revolutionary reconstitution of society at large, or in the common ruin of the contending [competing] classes. . . . This passage expresses the ideas of",
"correctAnswerText": "Karl Marx",
"incorrectText1": "Napoleon Bonaparte",
"incorrectText2": "Adolf Hitler",
"incorrectText3": "Benito Mussolini"
}, {
"itemType": "0WK63DOOS2FXIQR",
"questionText": "One similarity in the unification of Italy, the Zionist movement, and the breakup of the Ottoman Empire was that each was influenced by",
"correctAnswerText": "nationalism",
"incorrectText1": "humanism",
"incorrectText2": "polytheism",
"incorrectText3": "imperialism"
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "� The Nazi Party controls Germany. � Khmer Rouge rules in Cambodia. � The Sandinistas control Nicaragua. Which statement describes a similarity in these situations?",
"correctAnswerText": "One group seized power and limited opposition.",
"incorrectText1": "Civil liberties were promoted.",
"incorrectText2": "Voting rights were extended to women.",
"incorrectText3": "Leaders won the support of all groups."
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "A comparison of the actions of the Jacobins during the French Revolution and the actions of the Bolsheviks during the Russian Revolution indicates that revolutions sometimes",
"correctAnswerText": "bring radicals to power",
"incorrectText1": "occur in a peaceful manner",
"incorrectText2": "gain the support of wealthy landowners",
"incorrectText3": "ignore urban workers"
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "� Height above sea level � Distance from the equator � Amount of rainfall � Average daily temperature. Which aspect of geography is most influenced by these factors?",
"correctAnswerText": "climate",
"incorrectText1": "natural boundaries",
"incorrectText2": "topography",
"incorrectText3": "mineral resources"
}, {
"itemType": "RQFKPE3OR6A25JD",
"questionText": "Which activity would be most characteristic of people in a traditional society?",
"correctAnswerText": "having the same occupation as their parents",
"incorrectText1": "serving in government assemblies",
"incorrectText2": "working in an industrialized city",
"incorrectText3": "establishing a mercantile system of trade"
}, {
"itemType": "I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ",
"questionText": "� Large areas in the north and south received less than ten inches of rainfall annually. � The presence of waterfalls and rapids slowed river travel. � Highlands and steep cliffs limited exploration. In which region did these geographic factors have an impact on European exploration and colonization?",
"correctAnswerText": "Africa",
"incorrectText1": "South America",
"incorrectText2": "Southeast Asia",
"incorrectText3": "subcontinent of India"
}, {
"itemType": "6KQZN538LCU7K9W",
"questionText": "What is the main reason the Neolithic Revolution is considered a turning point in world history?",
"correctAnswerText": "Domestication of animals and cultivation of crops led to settled communities.",
"incorrectText1": "Fire was used as a source of energy for the first time.",
"incorrectText2": "Spoken language was used to improve communication.",
"incorrectText3": "Stone tools and weapons were first developed."
}, {
"itemType": "XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG",
"questionText": "The Pillars of Emperor Asoka of the Mauryan Empire and the Code of Hammurabi of Babylon are most similar to the",
"correctAnswerText": "Twelve Tables of the Romans",
"incorrectText1": "ziggurats of Sumeria",
"incorrectText2": "map projections of Mercator",
"incorrectText3": "Great Sphinx of the Egyptians"
}, {
"itemType": "LFNB87QHK1KPSO1",
"questionText": "A similarity between Bantu migrations in Africa and migrations of the ancient Aryans into South Asia is that both moved",
"correctAnswerText": "in search of additional food sources",
"incorrectText1": "across the Atlantic Ocean",
"incorrectText2": "from rural lands to urban areas",
"incorrectText3": "for religious freedom"
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "Which factor led to the development of civilizations in ancient Mesopotamia?",
"correctAnswerText": "favorable geography",
"incorrectText1": "political harmony",
"incorrectText2": "religious differences",
"incorrectText3": "universal education"
}, {
"itemType": "34BUUBUS07QUA6M",
"questionText": "Which statement most likely represents the view of a citizen of ancient Athens visiting Sparta?",
"correctAnswerText": "-The government and society in Sparta are so strict. The people have little voice in government.-",
"incorrectText1": "-I feel as though I have never left home. Everything here is the same as it is in Athens.-",
"incorrectText2": "-This society allows for more freedom of expression than I have ever experienced in Athens.-",
"incorrectText3": "-I have never heard of a society like Sparta that believes in only one God.-"
}, {
"itemType": "NORRDWZROR868GG",
"questionText": "One similarity between animism and Shinto is that people who follow these belief systems",
"correctAnswerText": "worship spirits in nature",
"incorrectText1": "practice filial piety",
"incorrectText2": "are monotheistic",
"incorrectText3": "are required to make pilgrimages"
}, {
"itemType": "20E6K97FCPOIUK3",
"questionText": "� Buddhist temples are found in Japan. � Most Indonesians study the Koran. � Catholicism is the dominant religion in Latin America. These statements illustrate a result of",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText1": "westernization",
"incorrectText2": "economic nationalism",
"incorrectText3": "fundamentalism"
}, {
"itemType": "B7PFLDEF4F7G29R",
"questionText": "Which group introduced the Cyrillic alphabet, Orthodox Christianity, and domed architecture to Russian culture?",
"correctAnswerText": "Byzantines",
"incorrectText1": "Mongols",
"incorrectText2": "Jews",
"incorrectText3": "Vikings"
}, {
"itemType": "5MH112LCJ8OZFJM",
"questionText": "The topography and climate of Russia have caused Russia to",
"correctAnswerText": "seek access to warm-water ports",
"incorrectText1": "depend on rice as its main source of food",
"incorrectText2": "adopt policies of neutrality and isolation",
"incorrectText3": "acquire mineral-rich colonies on other continents"
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "One of the major achievements of Byzantine Emperor Justinian was that he",
"correctAnswerText": "preserved and transmitted Greek and Roman culture",
"incorrectText1": "established a direct trade route with Ghana",
"incorrectText2": "defended the empire against the spread of Islam",
"incorrectText3": "brought Roman Catholicism to his empire"
}, {
"itemType": "9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ",
"questionText": "Both European medieval knights and Japanese samurai warriors pledged oaths of",
"correctAnswerText": "loyalty to their military leader",
"incorrectText1": "devotion to their nation-state",
"incorrectText2": "service to their church",
"incorrectText3": "allegiance to their families"
}, {
"itemType": "CRTDFM43DP4R453",
"questionText": "What was a significant effect of Mansa Musa�s pilgrimage to Mecca?",
"correctAnswerText": "Islamic learning and culture expanded in Mali.",
"incorrectText1": "The African written language spread to southwest Asia.",
"incorrectText2": "Military leaders eventually controlled Mali.",
"incorrectText3": "The trading of gold for salt ended."
}, {
"itemType": "FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR",
"questionText": "A direct impact that the printing press had on 16th-century Europe was that it encouraged the",
"correctAnswerText": "spread of ideas",
"incorrectText1": "beginnings of communism",
"incorrectText2": "establishment of democracy",
"incorrectText3": "development of industrialization"
}, {
"itemType": "IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0",
"questionText": "Which technological advancement helped unify both the Roman and the Inca Empires?",
"correctAnswerText": "road system",
"incorrectText1": "astrolabe",
"incorrectText2": "gunpowder",
"incorrectText3": "wheeled carts"
}, {
"itemType": "6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP",
"questionText": "Cervantes� literary classic Don Quixote, the rule of Isabella and Ferdinand, and the art of El Greco are associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "Golden Age in Spain",
"incorrectText1": "Hanseatic League in Germany",
"incorrectText2": "Glorious Revolution in England",
"incorrectText3": "Renaissance in Italy"
}, {
"itemType": "5WFRV6D1AF857M2",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes a result of the encounter between Europeans and native populations of Latin America?",
"correctAnswerText": "Plantations in the New World used enslaved Africans to replace native populations.",
"incorrectText1": "Native societies experienced rapid population growth.",
"incorrectText2": "European nations lost power and prestige in the New World.",
"incorrectText3": "Large numbers of natives migrated to Europe for a better life."
}, {
"itemType": "17S7REU8QQJYUYZ",
"questionText": "The Bolshevik Party in 1917 gained the support of the peasant class because they promised them",
"correctAnswerText": "-Peace, Land, and Bread-",
"incorrectText1": "-Liberty, Equality, Fraternity-",
"incorrectText2": "abolition of the secret police",
"incorrectText3": "democratic reforms in all levels of government"
}, {
"itemType": "11Y568S0S231L12",
"questionText": "Which statement describes one major aspect of a command economy?",
"correctAnswerText": "Most economic decisions are made by the government.",
"incorrectText1": "Supply and demand determines what will be produced.",
"incorrectText2": "The means of production are controlled by labor unions.",
"incorrectText3": "The economy is mainly agricultural."
}, {
"itemType": "A21ZEU2LRRWODOM",
"questionText": "Which area was once controlled by Britain, suffered a mass starvation in the 1840s, and became an independent Catholic nation in 1922?",
"correctAnswerText": "Ireland",
"incorrectText1": "Scotland",
"incorrectText2": "Ghana",
"incorrectText3": "India"
}, {
"itemType": "6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ",
"questionText": "Totalitarian countries are characterized by",
"correctAnswerText": "government control of newspapers, radio, and television",
"incorrectText1": "free and open discussions of ideas",
"incorrectText2": "a multiparty system with several candidates for each office",
"incorrectText3": "government protection of people�s civil liberties"
}, {
"itemType": "LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0",
"questionText": "Since 1948, a major reason for the conflict between Arabs and Israelis is that each side",
"correctAnswerText": "claims sovereignty over the same land",
"incorrectText1": "wants the huge oil reserves that lie under the disputed land",
"incorrectText2": "believes that the United States favors the other side in the conflict",
"incorrectText3": "seeks to control trade on the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea"
}, {
"itemType": "4M68F8AH54RB0JZ",
"questionText": "In the 1980s, Mikhail Gorbachev�s attempts to change the Soviet Union resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "a series of economic and political reforms",
"incorrectText1": "an increase in tensions between India and the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText2": "a strengthening of the Communist Party",
"incorrectText3": "a shift from producing consumer goods to producing heavy machinery"
}, {
"itemType": "R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ",
"questionText": "� Egypt builds the Aswan Dam to control flooding and produce hydroelectric power. � China builds the Three Gorges Dam to control flooding and improve trade. � Brazil builds the Tucuru� Dam in the tropical rain forest to produce hydroelectric power. Which conclusion can be drawn from these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Societies often modify their environment to meet their needs.",
"incorrectText1": "Monsoons are needed for the development of societies.",
"incorrectText2": "Topography creates challenges that societies are unable to overcome.",
"incorrectText3": "Land features influence the development of diverse belief systems."
}, {
"itemType": "9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV",
"questionText": "-Tensions Increase Over Kashmir- -Hindus and Muslims Clash in Calcutta Riots- -Threat of Nuclear Conflict Worries World-. These headlines refer to events in which region?",
"correctAnswerText": "subcontinent of India",
"incorrectText1": "Latin America",
"incorrectText2": "sub-Saharan Africa",
"incorrectText3": "East Asia"
}, {
"itemType": "FZLOFTA7JBEINNX",
"questionText": "One way in which the Tang dynasty, the Gupta Empire, and the European Renaissance are similar is that they all included periods of",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural achievements",
"incorrectText1": "religious unity",
"incorrectText2": "democratic reforms",
"incorrectText3": "economic isolation"
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "What was one similar goal shared by Sim�n Bol�var and Mohandas Gandhi?",
"correctAnswerText": "ending foreign control",
"incorrectText1": "promoting religious freedom",
"incorrectText2": "establishing a limited monarchy",
"incorrectText3": "creating collective farms"
}, {
"itemType": "2WTN2EZKLD1NA2I",
"questionText": "The Armenian Massacre, the -killing fields- of the Khmer Rouge, and Saddam Hussein�s attacks against the Kurds are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "human rights violations",
"incorrectText1": "apartheid",
"incorrectText2": "enslavement",
"incorrectText3": "forced collectivization"
}, {
"itemType": "5S395ACMQUGANID",
"questionText": "In western Europe, the Middle Ages began after the collapse of which empire?",
"correctAnswerText": "Roman",
"incorrectText1": "Mughal",
"incorrectText2": "Ottoman",
"incorrectText3": "Byzantine"
}, {
"itemType": "N5DKB90KJBRZ7LK",
"questionText": "-Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy Form Triple Alliance- -Serbian Nationalism Grows in Balkans- -Archduke Franz Ferdinand Assassinated in Bosnia-. The events in these headlines contributed most directly to the",
"correctAnswerText": "beginning of World War I",
"incorrectText1": "outbreak of the Cold War",
"incorrectText2": "development of communist rule in Europe",
"incorrectText3": "strengthening of European monarchies"
}]
},
{
"itemId": "828680B1014006E4940AF51",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2007 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2007 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [
{
"itemType": "FU9DRRDLASG0B18",
"questionText": "Which aspect of social science would a geographer most likely study in depth?",
"correctAnswerText": "how location influences the way people live",
"incorrectText1": "how beliefs influence the behavior of a group of people",
"incorrectText2": "how economic events influence history",
"incorrectText3": "how people influence governmental decisions"
}, {
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "One similarity between the ancient civilizations in Egypt and in China is that they developed",
"correctAnswerText": "written forms of communication",
"incorrectText1": "nomadic lifestyles",
"incorrectText2": "monotheistic belief systems",
"incorrectText3": "democratic governments"
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "What effect did the geography of ancient Greece have on its early development?",
"correctAnswerText": "The mountainous terrain led to the creation of independent city-states.",
"incorrectText1": "A lack of natural seaports limited communication.",
"incorrectText2": "An inland location hindered trade and colonization.",
"incorrectText3": "Abundant natural resources encouraged selfsufficiency."
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "One contribution of ancient Roman culture was the development of",
"correctAnswerText": " a republican form of government",
"incorrectText1": "the concept of zero",
"incorrectText2": "the process of making silk",
"incorrectText3": "the printing press"
}, {
"itemType": "V1LX77TKH98RRK5",
"questionText": "What is considered one of the Byzantine Empire�s greatest contributions to western European society?",
"correctAnswerText": "preserving Greek and Roman culture",
"incorrectText1": "spreading Hinduism throughout the region",
"incorrectText2": "supporting the Catholic Church",
"incorrectText3": "defeating the Mongols at Kiev"
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "Which circumstance best describes a long-term result of the Crusades?",
"correctAnswerText": "Cultural exchanges between the Middle East and Europe grew.",
"incorrectText1": "Muslim control of Jerusalem ended.",
"incorrectText2": "Feudalism began in western Europe.",
"incorrectText3": "Christians and Muslims achieved a lasting peace."
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "Which statement about the geography of Japan is most accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "The irregular coastline has many natural harbors.",
"incorrectText1": "Location has made it easy to invade.",
"incorrectText2": "Large plains are its primary physical feature.",
"incorrectText3": "Earthquakes do not threaten the islands."
}, {
"itemType": "5XGL523ABIUTY7R",
"questionText": "Which description best characterizes the city of Timbuktu?",
"correctAnswerText": "commercial and cultural center of West Africa",
"incorrectText1": "port on the water route to East Asia",
"incorrectText2": "major urban and industrial center on the Silk Road",
"incorrectText3": "inland city of the Hanseatic League"
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "What was one long-term impact of Marco Polo�s visit to China?",
"correctAnswerText": "Europeans increased trade with China.",
"incorrectText1": "The Chinese began construction of the Great Wall.",
"incorrectText2": "The principle of divine right was introduced to China.",
"incorrectText3": "Christianity rapidly spread throughout the Yuan Empire."
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "Which statement best expresses an idea held by many Renaissance humanist philosophers?",
"correctAnswerText": "People should study worldly subjects as well as sacred matters.",
"incorrectText1": "Governments should establish overseas empires.",
"incorrectText2": "Individuals should withdraw from the world and study religion.",
"incorrectText3": "Scholars should dedicate themselves to the study of life after death."
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "Which document limited the power of the English monarchy during the Middle Ages?",
"correctAnswerText": "Magna Carta",
"incorrectText1": "Justinian Code",
"incorrectText2": "Twelve Tables",
"incorrectText3": "Rig Veda"
}, {
"itemType": "3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5",
"questionText": "� Martin Luther stresses the central role of faith. � The belief of predestination spreads throughout Switzerland. � The Council of Trent clarifies the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church. These statements describe ideas and events that",
"correctAnswerText": "shaped the Reformation and the Counter Reformation",
"incorrectText1": "brought religious unity to Europe",
"incorrectText2": "ended the Glorious Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "expanded the importance of the Orthodox Church"
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": "Which nation had the most influence on the colonization of Latin America in the 1500s?",
"correctAnswerText": "Spain",
"incorrectText1": "England",
"incorrectText2": "France",
"incorrectText3": "Netherlands"
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "What was one goal of mercantilism?",
"correctAnswerText": "creation of a favorable balance of trade",
"incorrectText1": "removal of trade barriers",
"incorrectText2": "elimination of private property",
"incorrectText3": "establishment of subsistence agriculture"
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": "According to John Locke, the chief role of government was to",
"correctAnswerText": "protect natural rights",
"incorrectText1": "fight territorial wars",
"incorrectText2": "ensure the wealth of citizens",
"incorrectText3": "redistribute land"
}, {
"itemType": "8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS",
"questionText": "In England, which circumstance was a result of the other three?",
"correctAnswerText": "start of the Industrial Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "availability of labor",
"incorrectText2": "abundance of coal and iron",
"incorrectText3": "waterpower from many rivers"
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": "What was the primary reason that large numbers of people left Ireland in the 1840s and 1850s?",
"correctAnswerText": "The people faced mass starvation.",
"incorrectText1": "A political revolution had started.",
"incorrectText2": "A smallpox epidemic broke out in the country.",
"incorrectText3": "The people sought better educational opportunities."
}, {
"itemType": "9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF",
"questionText": "During the 19th century, European nations established spheres of influence in China mainly to",
"correctAnswerText": "gain commercial advantages in China",
"incorrectText1": "profit from the ivory trade",
"incorrectText2": "introduce Islam to the Chinese people",
"incorrectText3": "obtain human rights for Chinese citizens"
}, {
"itemType": "HARJ6XE78XNCXSA",
"questionText": "Porfirio D�az, Francisco -Pancho- Villa, and Emiliano Zapata are all associated with the revolution in",
"correctAnswerText": "Mexico",
"incorrectText1": "Haiti",
"incorrectText2": "Bolivia",
"incorrectText3": "Nicaragua"
}, {
"itemType": "8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A",
"questionText": "One effect of industrialization on Meiji Japan was that it",
"correctAnswerText": "modernized transportation",
"incorrectText1": "strengthened the power of the Shogunate",
"incorrectText2": "decreased the level of pollution",
"incorrectText3": "increased the number of small farms"
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "What was a major cause of World War I?",
"correctAnswerText": "militarism in the nations of Europe",
"incorrectText1": "rebellions in colonial lands in Africa and Asia",
"incorrectText2": "expansion of communism into western Europe",
"incorrectText3": "inability of the League of Nations to keep the peace"
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": "What was one reason that totalitarian dictatorships gained power in Europe between World War I and World War II?",
"correctAnswerText": "Governments failed to meet the needs of the people.",
"incorrectText1": "Famine and AIDS spread throughout Europe.",
"incorrectText2": "Trade was banned between western and eastern Europe.",
"incorrectText3": "Monarchies were reinstated in many nations."
}, {
"itemType": "HSF4BRDGX2SXB69",
"questionText": "The policy of appeasement helped cause World War II because this policy",
"correctAnswerText": "allowed the aggressive actions of Germany to go unchecked",
"incorrectText1": "reduced the armaments of major European powers",
"incorrectText2": "gave too much power to the United Nations",
"incorrectText3": "increased sea trade between England and the United States"
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "One reason for the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961 was to",
"correctAnswerText": "keep East Germans from fleeing to the Western sector of Berlin",
"incorrectText1": "promote reunification of East Germany and West Germany",
"incorrectText2": "complete the post�World War II rebuilding of Berlin",
"incorrectText3": "meet the requirements of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)"
}, {
"itemType": "IR07J676OISB4HU",
"questionText": "In China, Deng Xiaoping�s Four Modernizations led to",
"correctAnswerText": "an increased use of free-market practices",
"incorrectText1": "a decrease in industrialization",
"incorrectText2": "a decreased interest in investments by foreign businesses",
"incorrectText3": "an increase in the emphasis on collective farming"
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "Border conflicts between India and Pakistan have most often occurred in",
"correctAnswerText": "Kashmir",
"incorrectText1": "Tibet",
"incorrectText2": "East Timor",
"incorrectText3": "Afghanistan"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "One reason Mikhail Gorbachev implemented the policies of glasnost and perestroika in the Soviet Union was to",
"correctAnswerText": "encourage political discussion and economic reform",
"incorrectText1": "eliminate freedom of speech and press",
"incorrectText2": "destroy the power of the opposition party",
"incorrectText3": "dominate the governments of Eastern Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "-�We Blew It�: Nike Admits to Mistakes Over Child Labor- -UN Envoy Makes Plea for War on Global Poverty- -International Literacy Decade Targets Women-. Which concern do these 21st-century headlines address?",
"correctAnswerText": "social and economic issues",
"incorrectText1": "higher education issues",
"incorrectText2": "cultural literacy",
"incorrectText3": "individual responsibility"
}, {
"itemType": "3S3OX0N305A2N1R",
"questionText": "Which problem faces many of the least developed nations today?",
"correctAnswerText": "High rates of illiteracy are limiting economic development.",
"incorrectText1": "Too many varieties of crops are being grown.",
"incorrectText2": "An excess of investment capital is available.",
"incorrectText3": "A high-calorie diet is causing obesity."
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "The ancient cultures of both the Incas and the Chinese adapted to the physical geography of their region by",
"correctAnswerText": "developing terrace farming on hillsides",
"incorrectText1": "building chariots to protect their open plains against invaders",
"incorrectText2": "becoming maritime traders",
"incorrectText3": "constructing harbors to encourage exploration"
}, {
"itemType": "YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP",
"questionText": "Which factor best characterizes the art of both ancient Greece and the Renaissance?",
"correctAnswerText": "emphasis on the human form",
"incorrectText1": "focus on biblical themes",
"incorrectText2": "dominance of landscape paintings",
"incorrectText3": "influence of the West African tradition"
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor played the greatest role in preventing Russia from being conquered by both Napoleon and Adolf Hitler?",
"correctAnswerText": "climate",
"incorrectText1": "deserts",
"incorrectText2": "rivers",
"incorrectText3": "mountains"
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "The unification of Germany (1870�71) and the breakup of Yugoslavia after 1991 both illustrate the influence of",
"correctAnswerText": "nationalism",
"incorrectText1": "imperialism",
"incorrectText2": "westernization",
"incorrectText3": "industrialization"
}, {
"itemType": "9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI",
"questionText": "What was a direct result of the Opium War in 19th-century China?",
"correctAnswerText": "Chinese ports were opened for trade with European powers.",
"incorrectText1": "Japan gained control of Hong Kong.",
"incorrectText2": "Kublai Khan rose to power in China.",
"incorrectText3": "Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) fled to Taiwan."
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "One way in which Peter the Great and Atat�rk (Mustafa Kemal) are similar is that they sought to",
"correctAnswerText": "adopt western-style reforms",
"incorrectText1": "limit the role of women in society",
"incorrectText2": "gain a warm-water port",
"incorrectText3": "return to traditional values"
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "Which cause-and-effect relationship is accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "The Black Plague led to labor shortages.",
"incorrectText1": "The Russian Revolution led to an absolute monarchy.",
"incorrectText2": "Enlightenment thoughts led to manorialism.",
"incorrectText3": "The Commercial Revolution led to the creation of traditional economies."
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "A major argument used to support the building of the Suez and Panama Canals was that these waterways would",
"correctAnswerText": "shorten trade routes",
"incorrectText1": "strengthen command economies",
"incorrectText2": "increase competition for trade",
"incorrectText3": "promote the local economy"
}, {
"itemType": "M6L7YCS6YVBNI48",
"questionText": "Which pair of leaders used political purges, including the killing of opposition groups, as a means of maintaining control of the government?",
"correctAnswerText": "Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong",
"incorrectText1": "Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen) and Emperor Hirohito",
"incorrectText2": "Sim�n Bol�var and Bernardo O�Higgins",
"incorrectText3": "F. W. de Klerk and Indira Gandhi"
}, {
"itemType": "TBIDXY8QT09WZDG",
"questionText": "Which social scientist specializes in studying issues such as the scarcity of resources and availability of goods?",
"correctAnswerText": "economist",
"incorrectText1": "anthropologist",
"incorrectText2": "sociologist",
"incorrectText3": "archaeologist"
}, {
"itemType": "QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD",
"questionText": "Which feature would most likely be shown on a physical map?",
"correctAnswerText": "mountain ranges",
"incorrectText1": "population density",
"incorrectText2": "climate",
"incorrectText3": "vegetation zones"
}, {
"itemType": "IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU",
"questionText": "Which society practiced direct democracy?",
"correctAnswerText": "ancient Athens",
"incorrectText1": "Gupta Empire",
"incorrectText2": "dynastic China",
"incorrectText3": "early Egypt"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "The caste system in India was characterized by",
"correctAnswerText": "a lack of social mobility",
"incorrectText1": "toleration for various religious beliefs",
"incorrectText2": "equality between men and women",
"incorrectText3": "the right of people to choose their occupations"
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "Which belief is most closely associated with the philosophy of Confucianism?",
"correctAnswerText": "filial piety",
"incorrectText1": "nirvana",
"incorrectText2": "prayer",
"incorrectText3": "reincarnation"
}, {
"itemType": "UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U",
"questionText": "What was one result of large armies traveling great distances during the Crusades?",
"correctAnswerText": "Cultural diffusion increased.",
"incorrectText1": "Europe�s population severely declined.",
"incorrectText2": "Democracy in the Middle East grew.",
"incorrectText3": "Slavery was eliminated."
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "Constantinople was a thriving city in the 1200s mainly because of its location on a major trade route between",
"correctAnswerText": "Asia and eastern Europe",
"incorrectText1": "China and southern Africa",
"incorrectText2": "the Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic Sea",
"incorrectText3": "the Inca Empire and the Aztec Empire"
}, {
"itemType": "8UKFL9QB8570RXP",
"questionText": "The terms Bushido, samurai, and daimyo are most closely associated with which group in Japanese history?",
"correctAnswerText": "warriors",
"incorrectText1": "emperors",
"incorrectText2": "peasants",
"incorrectText3": "merchants"
}, {
"itemType": "FX96LMXJUNBPTWL",
"questionText": "In 1453, the Ottoman Empire rose to power by defeating the",
"correctAnswerText": "Byzantine Empire",
"incorrectText1": "Holy Roman Empire",
"incorrectText2": "European crusaders",
"incorrectText3": "Mongol invaders"
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": "� Pope Leo authorizes the sale of indulgences, 1515 � Martin Luther posts the Ninety-five Theses, 1517. These events are most closely associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "Protestant Reformation",
"incorrectText1": "Crusades",
"incorrectText2": "Age of Reason",
"incorrectText3": "Puritan Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "One contribution that John Locke made to Enlightenment philosophy was the idea that",
"correctAnswerText": "governments should be based on the consent of the people",
"incorrectText1": "absolute monarchies should continue",
"incorrectText2": "the punishment should fit the crime",
"incorrectText3": "individual rights should be denied"
}, {
"itemType": "HI4X8VLDXB6CU97",
"questionText": "What was a major result of the Glorious Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "England further limited its monarchy.",
"incorrectText1": "Napoleon was restored to power.",
"incorrectText2": "Oliver Cromwell became the leader of England.",
"incorrectText3": "The Spanish Armada was defeated."
}, {
"itemType": "38CTTRF38X7325C",
"questionText": "A study of the revolutions in Latin America in the 19th century would show that",
"correctAnswerText": "events in North America and Europe influenced Latin Americans",
"incorrectText1": "religion was a major cause of the conflicts",
"incorrectText2": "Spanish-born peninsulares led most of the Latin American uprisings",
"incorrectText3": "nationalism had little influence on the outcome"
}, {
"itemType": "BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9",
"questionText": "A major reason the Industrial Revolution began in England was that England possessed",
"correctAnswerText": "abundant coal and iron resources",
"incorrectText1": "a smooth coastline",
"incorrectText2": "many waterfalls",
"incorrectText3": "numerous mountain ranges"
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "What was an immediate result of the mass starvation in Ireland in the late 1840s?",
"correctAnswerText": "migration of many Irish to other countries",
"incorrectText1": "expansion of the Green Revolution to Ireland",
"incorrectText2": "acceptance of British rule by the Irish",
"incorrectText3": "creation of a mixed economy in Ireland"
}, {
"itemType": "SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ",
"questionText": "Which individual is associated with the phrase blood and iron as related to the unification of Germany?",
"correctAnswerText": "Otto von Bismarck",
"incorrectText1": "Giuseppe Garibaldi",
"incorrectText2": "Kaiser Wilhelm II",
"incorrectText3": "Count Camillo di Cavour"
}, {
"itemType": "FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP",
"questionText": "Which statement would Social Darwinists most likely support?",
"correctAnswerText": "Stronger groups have the right to rule and control weaker groups.",
"incorrectText1": "Universal suffrage is a basic human right.",
"incorrectText2": "Political equality strengthens the effectiveness of government.",
"incorrectText3": "Public education should be guaranteed to all members of a society."
}, {
"itemType": "YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3",
"questionText": "One similarity between the Sepoy Mutiny and the Boxer Rebellion is that they",
"correctAnswerText": "opposed European imperialism",
"incorrectText1": "ended an established dynasty",
"incorrectText2": "resulted in the redistribution of land",
"incorrectText3": "instituted communist governments"
}, {
"itemType": "MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI",
"questionText": "What was a direct result of World War I?",
"correctAnswerText": "Germany lost its colonies in Africa and Asia.",
"incorrectText1": "Nicholas II was named czar of Russia.",
"incorrectText2": "Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by a terrorist.",
"incorrectText3": "The Ottoman Empire expanded."
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "Which statement about both the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia and the rise of fascism in Germany and Italy is accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "Economic conditions led to political change.",
"incorrectText1": "Industrialization hindered national development.",
"incorrectText2": "Goals were achieved by peaceful means.",
"incorrectText3": "Communist ideals fueled both movements."
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "The term appeasement is best defined as",
"correctAnswerText": "an attempt to avoid conflict by meeting the demands of an aggressor",
"incorrectText1": "a period of peace and prosperity, resulting in cultural achievement",
"incorrectText2": "a declaration of war between two or more nations",
"incorrectText3": "an agreement removing economic barriers between nations"
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "-Mussolini Attacks Ethiopia- (1935) -Germany Takes the Rhineland Back- (1936) -Germany and Russia Divide Poland- (1939). These headlines might be used to illustrate the weakness of the",
"correctAnswerText": "League of Nations",
"incorrectText1": "United Nations",
"incorrectText2": "Warsaw Pact",
"incorrectText3": "Congress of Vienna"
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "Which communist nation is most closely associated with the leadership of Ho Chi Minh and the surrender of Saigon?",
"correctAnswerText": "Vietnam",
"incorrectText1": "North Korea",
"incorrectText2": "Soviet Union",
"incorrectText3": "People�s Republic of China"
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "A similarity between the Polish group Solidarity in 1980 and the Chinese protesters in Tiananmen Square in 1989 is that both groups",
"correctAnswerText": "supported movements for democracy",
"incorrectText1": "succeeded in ending communism",
"incorrectText2": "encouraged military occupation by the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText3": "favored increases in military spending"
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "The status of Hong Kong changed in July 1997 when the city",
"correctAnswerText": "was returned to China",
"incorrectText1": "was closed to international trade",
"incorrectText2": "became an independent nation",
"incorrectText3": "adopted a capitalist economy"
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "Mikhail Gorbachev�s reforms of perestroika and glasnost resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": " conditions that helped lead to the breakup of the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText1": "an era of world peace and Soviet prosperity",
"incorrectText2": "a successful transition to a command economy in Russia",
"incorrectText3": "censorship of the news media in Russia"
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "The governments of Augusto Pinochet, Saddam Hussein, and Slobodan Milosevic are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "oppressive regimes",
"incorrectText1": "absolute monarchies",
"incorrectText2": "democratic republics",
"incorrectText3": "Islamic theocracies"
}, {
"itemType": "0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ",
"questionText": "One way in which wars, religious conflict, and natural disasters are similar is that these situations may result in",
"correctAnswerText": "the mass migration of people",
"incorrectText1": "economic stability",
"incorrectText2": "an increase in life expectancy",
"incorrectText3": "global warming"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "Kim Jong Il and Fidel Castro are 21st-century leaders who believe in the ideas of",
"correctAnswerText": "Karl Marx",
"incorrectText1": "Adam Smith",
"incorrectText2": "Siddhartha Gautama",
"incorrectText3": "Jean-Jacques Rousseau"
}, {
"itemType": "IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW",
"questionText": "One way in which Asoka, Mansa Musa, and Suleiman the Magnificent are similar is that they",
"correctAnswerText": "ruled during times of prosperity",
"incorrectText1": "established republics",
"incorrectText2": "led nationalist movements",
"incorrectText3": "discouraged scientific advancements"
}, {
"itemType": "0WK63DOOS2FXIQR",
"questionText": "Which situation best illustrates the concept of isolationism?",
"correctAnswerText": "Japan closed its ports to trade with other nations.",
"incorrectText1": "The Spanish government required that gold found in its colonies be brought directly to Spain.",
"incorrectText2": "France, Germany, Belgium, and Great Britain negotiated to divide various areas of Africa into colonies.",
"incorrectText3": "The British ruled much of India through the control of local rulers."
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "-Bombardment, barrage, curtain-fire, mines, gas, tanks, machine-guns, hand-grenades � words, words, but they hold the horror of the world.- � Erich Maria Remarque, All Quiet on the Western Front.   This quotation best describes the effects of the",
"correctAnswerText": "technological developments used during World War I",
"incorrectText1": "formation of alliances in World War II",
"incorrectText2": "tension between the superpowers during the Cold War",
"incorrectText3": "protests against reforms during the Indian independence movement"
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "One similarity in the leadership of Sim�n Bol�var and Jomo Kenyatta is that both leaders",
"correctAnswerText": "fought for independence from European control",
"incorrectText1": "promoted European control over the Americas",
"incorrectText2": "became religious leaders of their countries",
"incorrectText3": "controlled large areas of land in the Americas "
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "Which source of information is considered a primary source?",
"correctAnswerText": "travel diary of Ibn Battuta",
"incorrectText1": "modern novel about the Golden Age of Islam",
"incorrectText2": "textbook on the history of North Africa",
"incorrectText3": "dictionary of English words adapted from Arabic"
}, {
"itemType": "RQFKPE3OR6A25JD",
"questionText": "Which continent�s economic and political development has been influenced by the Andes Mountains and the Amazon River?",
"correctAnswerText": "South America",
"incorrectText1": "Asia",
"incorrectText2": "Europe",
"incorrectText3": "Africa"
}, {
"itemType": "I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ",
"questionText": "� Planting wheat and barley � Domesticating animals � Establishing permanent homes and villages. At the beginning of the Neolithic Revolution, the most direct impact of these developments was on",
"correctAnswerText": "diet and shelter",
"incorrectText1": "religion and government",
"incorrectText2": "transportation and trade",
"incorrectText3": "climate and topography"
}, {
"itemType": "6KQZN538LCU7K9W",
"questionText": "� Kushites adapted Egyptian art and architecture. � Greeks adopted Phoenician characters for an alphabet. � Arabs used the Indian mathematical concept of zero. These actions are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText1": "filial piety",
"incorrectText2": "scientific research",
"incorrectText3": "ethnocentrism"
}, {
"itemType": "XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG",
"questionText": "Which belief system is most closely associated with the terms Eightfold Path, Four Noble Truths, and nirvana?",
"correctAnswerText": "Buddhism",
"incorrectText1": "Judaism",
"incorrectText2": "Christianity",
"incorrectText3": "Shinto"
}, {
"itemType": "LFNB87QHK1KPSO1",
"questionText": ". . .-If a man has knocked out the teeth of a man of the same rank, his own teeth shall be knocked out. If he has knocked out the teeth of a plebeian (commoner), he shall pay one-third of a mina of silver.-. . . � Code of Hammurabi.  Which statement is supported by this excerpt from Hammurabi�s code of laws?",
"correctAnswerText": "Law sometimes distinguishes between social classes.",
"incorrectText1": "All men are equal under the law.",
"incorrectText2": "Fines are preferable to physical punishment.",
"incorrectText3": "Violence must always be punished with violence."
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "Confucianism had a strong impact on the development of China mainly because this philosophy",
"correctAnswerText": "provided a basis for social order",
"incorrectText1": "established a basic structure for military rule",
"incorrectText2": "contained the framework for a communist government",
"incorrectText3": "stressed the importance of the individual"
}, {
"itemType": "34BUUBUS07QUA6M",
"questionText": "The terms masters, apprentices, and journeymen are most closely associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "guild system of Europe in the Middle Ages",
"incorrectText1": "encomienda system of Latin America",
"incorrectText2": "civil service system of China during the Tang dynasty",
"incorrectText3": "caste system of India"
}, {
"itemType": "NORRDWZROR868GG",
"questionText": "One major characteristic of the Renaissance period is that the",
"correctAnswerText": "classical cultures of Greece and Rome were revived and imitated",
"incorrectText1": "Catholic Church no longer had any influence in Europe",
"incorrectText2": "manor became the center of economic activity",
"incorrectText3": "major language of the people became Latin"
}, {
"itemType": "20E6K97FCPOIUK3",
"questionText": "-. . . Therefore those preachers of indulgences are in error, who say that by the pope�s indulgences a man is freed from every penalty, and saved; . . .- � Martin Luther. Which period in European history is most directly related to this statement?",
"correctAnswerText": "Protestant Reformation",
"incorrectText1": "Age of Exploration",
"incorrectText2": "Scientific Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "Crusades"
}, {
"itemType": "B7PFLDEF4F7G29R",
"questionText": "The economies of the western African civilizations of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai relied on",
"correctAnswerText": "trans-Saharan trade routes",
"incorrectText1": "industrial growth",
"incorrectText2": "shipbuilding",
"incorrectText3": "textile production"
}, {
"itemType": "5MH112LCJ8OZFJM",
"questionText": "A major reason for Zheng He�s voyages during the 15th century was to",
"correctAnswerText": "promote trade and collect tribute",
"incorrectText1": "establish colonies in Africa and India",
"incorrectText2": "seal off China�s borders from foreign influence",
"incorrectText3": "prove the world was round"
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "What was one effect of the Columbian exchange?",
"correctAnswerText": "introduction of new foods to both Europe and the Americas",
"incorrectText1": "rapid decline in European population",
"incorrectText2": "economic instability in China and Japan",
"incorrectText3": "spread of Hinduism into Latin America"
}, {
"itemType": "9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ",
"questionText": "From the 15th to the 18th centuries, absolute monarchs of Europe and Asia sought to",
"correctAnswerText": "centralize their political power",
"incorrectText1": "increase the power of the Catholic Church",
"incorrectText2": "redistribute land to the peasants",
"incorrectText3": "strengthen feudalism"
}, {
"itemType": "CRTDFM43DP4R453",
"questionText": "Which person is credited with saying -L��tat, c�est moi- (I am the state)?",
"correctAnswerText": "Louis XIV",
"incorrectText1": " Karl Marx",
"incorrectText2": "John Locke",
"incorrectText3": "Queen Isabella"
}, {
"itemType": "FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR",
"questionText": "Seventeenth-century scholars Galileo Galilei and Ren� Descartes faced serious challenges to their scientific theories because their ideas",
"correctAnswerText": "contradicted traditional medieval European beliefs",
"incorrectText1": "were based on the Bible",
"incorrectText2": "relied only on teachings from non-Christian cultures",
"incorrectText3": "were not supported by scientific investigations"
}, {
"itemType": "IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0",
"questionText": "Which statement expresses an idea of the Enlightenment?",
"correctAnswerText": "All individuals have natural rights.",
"incorrectText1": "The king is sacred and answers only to God.",
"incorrectText2": "History is a continuous struggle between social classes.",
"incorrectText3": "Those who are the most fit will survive and succeed."
}, {
"itemType": "6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP",
"questionText": "The breakdown of traditions, increased levels of pollution, and the expansion of slums are negative aspects of",
"correctAnswerText": "urbanization",
"incorrectText1": "militarism",
"incorrectText2": " pogroms",
"incorrectText3": "collectivization"
}, {
"itemType": "ICALETH1G91HXTE",
"questionText": "What was one impact of industrialization on Japan during the Meiji Restoration?",
"correctAnswerText": "Demand for natural resources increased.",
"incorrectText1": "Japan became more isolated from world affairs.",
"incorrectText2": "Japan became a colonial possession of China.",
"incorrectText3": "Traditional practices of Bushido were reintroduced."
}, {
"itemType": "6HN4D643RTBD5SO",
"questionText": "Which region was described as -the powder keg of Europe- prior to World War I?",
"correctAnswerText": "Balkan Peninsula",
"incorrectText1": "Iberian Peninsula",
"incorrectText2": "British Isles",
"incorrectText3": "Scandinavia"
}, {
"itemType": "5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK",
"questionText": "� Led the Russians in a second revolution (1917) � Promised -Peace, Land, and Bread- � Established the New Economic Policy (NEP). Which leader is being described by these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Vladimir I. Lenin",
"incorrectText1": "Czar Nicholas II ",
"incorrectText2": "Nikita Khrushchev ",
"incorrectText3": "Mikhail Gorbachev"
}, {
"itemType": "GON3JDO53HYHEHP",
"questionText": "A major goal of Joseph Stalin�s five-year plans was to",
"correctAnswerText": "transform the Soviet Union into an industrial power",
"incorrectText1": "encourage communist revolutions in the colonies of the European powers",
"incorrectText2": "expand the Soviet Union�s borders to include warm-water ports",
"incorrectText3": "reduce the amount of foreign aid coming from the Western Hemisphere"
}, {
"itemType": "11Y568S0S231L12",
"questionText": "At the end of World War II, the British decided to partition the Indian subcontinent into the nations of India and Pakistan. What was a primary reason for this division?",
"correctAnswerText": "Religious differences had led to conflicts between Hindus and Muslims.",
"incorrectText1": "India had adopted a policy of nonalignment.",
"incorrectText2": "Most of India�s valuable resources were located in the south.",
"incorrectText3": "British India�s Muslim minority controlled most of India�s banking industry."
}, {
"itemType": "A21ZEU2LRRWODOM",
"questionText": "The Four Modernizations of Deng Xiaoping in the 1970s and 1980s resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "a move toward increased capitalism",
"incorrectText1": "an emphasis on the Five Relationships",
"incorrectText2": "a return to Maoist revolutionary principles",
"incorrectText3": "the end of the communist system of government"
}, {
"itemType": "6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ",
"questionText": "One way in which Ho Chi Minh, Fidel Castro, and Kim Jong Il are similar is that each",
"correctAnswerText": "used Marxist political principles",
"incorrectText1": "set up democratic governments",
"incorrectText2": "overthrew a ruling monarch",
"incorrectText3": "promoted Confucian principles"
}, {
"itemType": "LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0",
"questionText": "In the late 20th century, the Green Revolution had the greatest impact on",
"correctAnswerText": "grain production in India",
"incorrectText1": "political freedom in Russia",
"incorrectText2": "economic reforms in Cuba",
"incorrectText3": "traditional customs in Japan"
}, {
"itemType": "4M68F8AH54RB0JZ",
"questionText": "Ethnic cleansing in Bosnia, the killing fields of Cambodia (Kampuchea), and the dirty war in Argentina are all examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "human rights violations",
"incorrectText1": "nationalist revolts",
"incorrectText2": "international terrorism",
"incorrectText3": "religious conflicts"
}, {
"itemType": "R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ",
"questionText": "Studying the architectural features of the Parthenon, Notre Dame Cathedral, and the Taj Mahal provides information about the",
"correctAnswerText": "beliefs and values of a given culture",
"incorrectText1": "climatic changes in an area",
"incorrectText2": "19th-century use of technology",
"incorrectText3": "influence of Chinese design"
}, {
"itemType": "9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor had the most influence on the development of Inca society and Japanese society?",
"correctAnswerText": "mountainous topography",
"incorrectText1": "frequent monsoons",
"incorrectText2": "large deserts",
"incorrectText3": "tropical climate"
}, {
"itemType": "FZLOFTA7JBEINNX",
"questionText": "The golden ages of the Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman Empires can be attributed in part to",
"correctAnswerText": "stable governments",
"incorrectText1": "cultural isolation",
"incorrectText2": "command economies",
"incorrectText3": "distinct social classes"
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "One way in which Sim�n Bol�var, Jomo Kenyatta, and Mohandas Gandhi are similar is that each",
"correctAnswerText": "led a nationalist movement",
"incorrectText1": "used nonviolent tactics",
"incorrectText2": "supported imperialism",
"incorrectText3": "opposed communism"
}, {
"itemType": "2WTN2EZKLD1NA2I",
"questionText": "Which factor most hindered the efforts of both Napoleon and Hitler to conquer Russia?",
"correctAnswerText": "climate",
"incorrectText1": "fortifications",
"incorrectText2": "advanced technology",
"incorrectText3": "lack of ports"
}, {
"itemType": "5S395ACMQUGANID",
"questionText": "One way in which the Sepoy Mutiny in India, the Zulu resistance in southern Africa, and the Boxer Rebellion in China are similar is that each resulted from",
"correctAnswerText": "native reaction to foreign interference in the region",
"incorrectText1": "government policies of ethnic cleansing",
"incorrectText2": "attempts by democratic forces to overthrow the monarchy",
"incorrectText3": "government denial of access to fertile farmland"
}]
},
{
"itemId": "80563D0318D06F1E9BFEEED",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2008 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2008 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{
"itemType": "FU9DRRDLASG0B18",
"questionText": "Slash-and-burn techniques are typically practiced by",
"correctAnswerText": "subsistence farmers who plant an area until the soil loses its fertility",
"incorrectText1": "people who live along rivers that deposit rich soil during floods",
"incorrectText2": "farmers who rely on chemical fertilization and pesticides",
"incorrectText3": "nomads who use pastures for their livestock"
}, {
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "Which feature would most likely be included in an economic system based on traditional agriculture and self-sufficiency?",
"correctAnswerText": "barter",
"incorrectText1": "banks",
"incorrectText2": "gold standard",
"incorrectText3": "tariffs"
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor had a major influence on the development of both Egyptian and Babylonian civilizations?",
"correctAnswerText": "river valleys",
"incorrectText1": "cool temperatures",
"incorrectText2": "locations near a strait",
"incorrectText3": "mountains"
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "Which description accurately identifies Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle?",
"correctAnswerText": "philosophers of ancient Greece",
"incorrectText1": "rulers of the Roman Republic",
"incorrectText2": "artists of the Italian Renaissance",
"incorrectText3": "religious leaders of the Protestant Reformation"
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "In China, the development of civil service examinations and a belief in filial piety reflect the influence of",
"correctAnswerText": "Confucianism",
"incorrectText1": "Shinto",
"incorrectText2": "Jainism",
"incorrectText3": "Buddhism"
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "One way in which the Code of Hammurabi, the Twelve Tables, and the Justinian Code are similar is that each",
"correctAnswerText": "established legal standards",
"incorrectText1": "legalized monotheistic beliefs",
"incorrectText2": "provided records of economic activity",
"incorrectText3": "supported republican governments"
}, {
"itemType": "W51PW4MEE1QROQ1",
"questionText": "One way in which the African kingdoms of Ghana and Mali are similar is that they",
"correctAnswerText": "established their wealth through trade",
"incorrectText1": "improved their military strength with the use of gunpowder",
"incorrectText2": "opened trade routes to the Americas",
"incorrectText3": "adopted Christianity as their major religion"
}, {
"itemType": "5XGL523ABIUTY7R",
"questionText": "One way in which the travels of Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta are similar is that they resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "an increased interest in different cultures",
"incorrectText1": "the development of slavery",
"incorrectText2": "a reduction in trade",
"incorrectText3": "the discovery of East Asia"
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "� Classical Greco-Roman ideas were revived. � Wealthy patrons supported the arts and education. � Humanism spread throughout western Europe. Which period in European history is most closely associated with these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Renaissance",
"incorrectText1": "Early Middle Ages",
"incorrectText2": "Industrial Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "Hellenistic Period"
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "One similarity between Martin Luther and Henry VIII is that they",
"correctAnswerText": "challenged the teachings of the Catholic Church",
"incorrectText1": "argued against the establishment of a theocratic state",
"incorrectText2": "protested against the ideas of the Enlightenment",
"incorrectText3": "died during the Reign of Terror"
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "� Literacy rates rise. � Shakespeare�s sonnets circulated. � Secular ideas spread. Which innovation led directly to these developments?",
"correctAnswerText": "printing press",
"incorrectText1": "paper currency",
"incorrectText2": "astrolabe",
"incorrectText3": "caravel"
}, {
"itemType": "3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5",
"questionText": "Which geographic feature had the greatest influence on the development of the Inca Empire?",
"correctAnswerText": "mountains",
"incorrectText1": "deserts",
"incorrectText2": "river valleys",
"incorrectText3": "irregular coastline"
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": "What was one reason the Spanish conquistadors were able to conquer the Aztec Empire?",
"correctAnswerText": "The Spanish soldiers made effective use of their military technology against the Aztecs.",
"incorrectText1": "Aztec religious beliefs promoted nonviolence.",
"incorrectText2": "Spain joined the Incas in their fight againstthe Aztecs.",
"incorrectText3": "The Spanish cavalry outnumbered the Aztec warriors."
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "Which statement describes an impact of the Columbian exchange on the lives of Europeans?",
"correctAnswerText": "The combination of new products and ideas promoted economic growth.",
"incorrectText1": "Native Americans immigrated to Europe and competed with Europeans for jobs.",
"incorrectText2": "Millions of Europeans were killed by new American diseases.",
"incorrectText3": "Introduction of the Native American religions resulted in the decline of the Roman Catholic Church."
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": "A common goal of Philip II of Spain and Louis XIV of France was to",
"correctAnswerText": "maintain absolute power",
"incorrectText1": "spread Calvinism",
"incorrectText2": "promote political revolutions",
"incorrectText3": "isolate their nations"
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": "� Parliament offered the throne to King William and Queen Mary. � Catholic King James II fled England for France. � Parliament agreed to joint rule with the monarch. These events are most closely associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "Glorious Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Crusades",
"incorrectText2": "French Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "Reconquista"
}, {
"itemType": "9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF",
"questionText": "At the Congress of Vienna (1815), the governments of Europe reacted to the French Revolution and the rule of Napoleon by attempting to",
"correctAnswerText": "restore old regimes to power",
"incorrectText1": "spread the idea of democracy",
"incorrectText2": "encourage nationalist movements",
"incorrectText3": "promote the European free-trade zone"
}, {
"itemType": "HARJ6XE78XNCXSA",
"questionText": "One political objective of both Otto von Bismarck and Giuseppe Garibaldi was to",
"correctAnswerText": "unify their nations",
"incorrectText1": "overthrow divine right monarchies",
"incorrectText2": "establish communist systems",
"incorrectText3": "form an alliance with Great Britain"
}, {
"itemType": "8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A",
"questionText": "Karl Marx predicted that laissez-faire capitalism would result in",
"correctAnswerText": "a revolution led by the proletariat",
"incorrectText1": "a return to manorialism",
"incorrectText2": "fewer government regulations",
"incorrectText3": "an equal distribution of wealth and income"
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "The Portuguese control of Macao and the British control of Hong Kong in China are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "imperialism",
"incorrectText1": "collectivization",
"incorrectText2": "self-determination",
"incorrectText3": "containment"
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": "Commodore Matthew Perry�s visits to Japan in 1853 and 1854 resulted in the",
"correctAnswerText": "opening of trade and diplomatic relations with Japan",
"incorrectText1": "colonization of Japan by the United States",
"incorrectText2": "transfer of spheres of influence to China",
"incorrectText3": "introduction of Christianity to Japanese society"
}, {
"itemType": "HSF4BRDGX2SXB69",
"questionText": "The term militarism can best be defined as",
"correctAnswerText": "buildup of armaments in preparation for war",
"incorrectText1": "loyalty to a nation or ethnic group",
"incorrectText2": "avoidance of military involvement in civil wars",
"incorrectText3": "control of territories for economic and political gain"
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "A primary reason for Japan�s involvement in the Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War was to",
"correctAnswerText": "acquire natural resources in Manchuria and Korea",
"incorrectText1": "control trade and markets in Southeast Asia",
"incorrectText2": "end Japan�s policy of isolationism",
"incorrectText3": "remove foreign invaders from Japanese soil"
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "Which slogan is associated with the Bolshevik (Russian) Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "-Peace, Land, and Bread-",
"incorrectText1": "-An Eye for an Eye-",
"incorrectText2": "-Liberty, Equality, Fraternity-",
"incorrectText3": "-Take up the White Man�s Burden-"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "Which action is most closely associated with Atat�rk (Mustafa Kemal)?",
"correctAnswerText": "using Western practices to modernize Turkey",
"incorrectText1": "beginning the Zionist movement",
"incorrectText2": "starting the Palestine Liberation Organization",
"incorrectText3": "enforcing Islamic law"
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "Which aspect of the economy was emphasized in Joseph Stalin�s five-year plans?",
"correctAnswerText": "heavy industry",
"incorrectText1": "consumer goods",
"incorrectText2": "famine relief",
"incorrectText3": "private landownership"
}, {
"itemType": "3S3OX0N305A2N1R",
"questionText": "Mohandas Gandhi is most closely associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "use of civil disobedience to gain political freedom",
"incorrectText1": "support of violence and terrorism to end British rule",
"incorrectText2": "desire to strengthen the caste system",
"incorrectText3": "establishment of a national religion in India"
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "-. . . Seventy thousand people were killed instantly, and many more would die � 60,000 by November and another 70,000 by 1950. Most of them would be victims of a new method of killing � radiation. . . .- � Ronald Takai. The situation described in this passage was the direct result of which World War II event?",
"correctAnswerText": "bombing of Hiroshima",
"incorrectText1": "blitz of London",
"incorrectText2": "attack on Pearl Harbor",
"incorrectText3": "D-Day invasion of Normandy"
}, {
"itemType": "YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP",
"questionText": "Between 1945 and 1947, the differences between the Hindus and the Muslims in India led to the",
"correctAnswerText": "partitioning of the subcontinent",
"incorrectText1": "Sepoy Mutiny",
"incorrectText2": "Salt March",
"incorrectText3": "policy of nonalignment"
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "What was a major reason for the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949?",
"correctAnswerText": "to resist Soviet aggression",
"incorrectText1": "to control European trade",
"incorrectText2": "to support the blockade of Berlin",
"incorrectText3": "to strengthen communist governments"
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "In Egypt, Gamal Abdel Nasser�s seizure of the Suez Canal continued his policy of",
"correctAnswerText": "establishing national control of vital resources",
"incorrectText1": "attracting investments from Western banks",
"incorrectText2": "supporting the rights of British workers",
"incorrectText3": "eliminating criticism of political opponents"
}, {
"itemType": "9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI",
"questionText": "The histories of Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, and Finland have been greatly affected by their",
"correctAnswerText": "proximity to Russia",
"incorrectText1": "abundant oil reserves",
"incorrectText2": "aggressive foreign policies",
"incorrectText3": "alliances with Israel"
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "In 1989, the government of China responded to the challenge of protests in Tiananmen Square by",
"correctAnswerText": "sending in tanks and troops to end the demonstrations",
"incorrectText1": "halting trade with the West",
"incorrectText2": "allowing democratic elections",
"incorrectText3": "calling for a special session of the United Nations Security Council"
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "Which action occurred in the Soviet Union under Mikhail Gorbachev?",
"correctAnswerText": "Citizens experienced more personal freedoms under glasnost.",
"incorrectText1": "Peasants were forced onto collective farms.",
"incorrectText2": "The United States and the Soviet Union ended diplomatic relations.",
"incorrectText3": "The Soviet government increased its control over the Orthodox Church."
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "Which statement is a fact rather than an opinion?",
"correctAnswerText": "The European Union (EU) has issued a common currency called the euro.",
"incorrectText1": "The growing economy of Brazil threatens the economic power of the United States.",
"incorrectText2": "Free trade will lower the standard of living for workers in developed nations.",
"incorrectText3": "Developing nations will never be able to compete with developed nations."
}, {
"itemType": "M6L7YCS6YVBNI48",
"questionText": "A study of the fall of the Roman Empire (476) and of the collapse of the Soviet Union (1991) shows that powerful empires can",
"correctAnswerText": "be weakened by both internal and external pressures",
"incorrectText1": "lose strength when mercenaries enforce reforms",
"incorrectText2": "be threatened only when directly attacked by outsiders",
"incorrectText3": "conquer more than one continent and remain stable"
}, {
"itemType": "TBIDXY8QT09WZDG",
"questionText": "A comparison of the feudal system in Europe and the encomienda system in Latin America shows that both systems",
"correctAnswerText": "awarded land to the elite",
"incorrectText1": "promoted religious tolerance",
"incorrectText2": "relied on global trade for goods",
"incorrectText3": "used a parliamentary system of government"
}, {
"itemType": "QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD",
"questionText": "� Location � included lands surrounding the eastern Mediterranean Sea � People � Turks, Arabs, Greeks, Muslims, Christians, and Jews � Nickname during the 19th and early 20th centuries � -Sick Man of Europe- Which empire is described by these characteristics?",
"correctAnswerText": "Ottoman",
"incorrectText1": "Gupta",
"incorrectText2": "Roman",
"incorrectText3": "Mongol"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "One way in which South Korea, Saudi Arabia, and India are geographically similar is that each is located on",
"correctAnswerText": "a peninsula",
"incorrectText1": "an island",
"incorrectText2": "an isthmus",
"incorrectText3": "an archipelago"
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "Which statement represents a characteristic of democracy?",
"correctAnswerText": "Citizens are the source of power in government.",
"incorrectText1": "Religious leaders control government policy.",
"incorrectText2": "The government limits the thoughts and actions of the people.",
"incorrectText3": "The laws of the government are made by influential military officers."
}, {
"itemType": "UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U",
"questionText": "The Bantu cleared the land, then fertilized it with ashes. When the land could no longer support their families, the Bantu moved further south. By 1110 B.C., the Bantu had spread their rich culture throughout central and southern Africa.  Which agricultural technique is described in this passage?",
"correctAnswerText": "slash-and-burn",
"incorrectText1": "irrigation",
"incorrectText2": "terrace farming",
"incorrectText3": "crop rotation"
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "Which ancient civilization is associated with the Twelve Tables, an extensive road system, and the poets Horace and Virgil?",
"correctAnswerText": "Roman",
"incorrectText1": "Babylonian",
"incorrectText2": "Phoenician",
"incorrectText3": "Greek"
}, {
"itemType": "8UKFL9QB8570RXP",
"questionText": "The term feudalism is best defined as a",
"correctAnswerText": "system in which land is exchanged for military service and loyalty",
"incorrectText1": "holy war between Christians and Muslims",
"incorrectText2": "process in which goods are traded for other goods",
"incorrectText3": "division of political power between three separate branches"
}, {
"itemType": "FX96LMXJUNBPTWL",
"questionText": "Which statement about the Mongol Empire is accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "Pax Mongolia led to regional stability, increasing trade on the Silk Road.",
"incorrectText1": "The Mongols developed a highly technological society that emphasized formal education.",
"incorrectText2": "European monarchies became a model for the early Mongol governments.",
"incorrectText3": "The Mongols adopted Roman Catholicism as the official religion of the empire."
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": "Which period in European history is most closely associated with Leonardo da Vinci, Michaelangelo, William Shakespeare, and Nicolaus Copernicus?",
"correctAnswerText": "Renaissance",
"incorrectText1": "Early Middle Ages",
"incorrectText2": "Age of Absolutism",
"incorrectText3": "Enlightenment"
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "What was one of the primary reasons for the spread of the bubonic plague?",
"correctAnswerText": "increase in trade",
"incorrectText1": "colonization of the Americas",
"incorrectText2": "development of the manorial system",
"incorrectText3": "economic decline"
}, {
"itemType": "HI4X8VLDXB6CU97",
"questionText": "Which situation is considered a cause of the other three?",
"correctAnswerText": "Martin Luther posts the Ninety-five Theses.",
"incorrectText1": "Religious unity declines throughout Europe.",
"incorrectText2": "The Catholic Counter-Reformation begins.",
"incorrectText3": "The power of the Roman Catholic Church decreases."
}, {
"itemType": "BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9",
"questionText": "� Foreign rulers were overthrown. � Admiral Zheng He established trade links. � Civil service exams were reinstated. These events in history occurred during the rule of the",
"correctAnswerText": "Ming dynasty in China",
"incorrectText1": "Mughal dynasty in India",
"incorrectText2": "Abbasid dynasty in the Middle East",
"incorrectText3": "Tokugawa shogunate in Japan"
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "What was the primary economic policy used by the Spanish with their Latin American colonies?",
"correctAnswerText": "mercantilism",
"incorrectText1": "embargoes",
"incorrectText2": "boycotts",
"incorrectText3": "tariffs "
}, {
"itemType": "SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ",
"questionText": "In Two Treatises of Government, John Locke wrote that the purpose of government was to",
"correctAnswerText": "protect natural rights",
"incorrectText1": "keep kings in power",
"incorrectText2": "regulate the economy",
"incorrectText3": "expand territory"
}, {
"itemType": "YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3",
"questionText": "One major effect of Napoleon�s rule of France was that it led to",
"correctAnswerText": "a restoration of political stability",
"incorrectText1": "an increase in the power of the Roman Catholic Church",
"incorrectText2": "massive emigration to the Americas",
"incorrectText3": "trade agreements with Great Britain"
}, {
"itemType": "MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI",
"questionText": "Which idea is most closely associated with laissezfaire economics?",
"correctAnswerText": "free trade",
"incorrectText1": "communes",
"incorrectText2": "trade unionism",
"incorrectText3": "subsistence agriculture"
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "In the 19th century, a major reason for Irish migration to North America was to",
"correctAnswerText": "flee widespread famine",
"incorrectText1": "gain universal suffrage",
"incorrectText2": "avoid malaria outbreaks",
"incorrectText3": "escape a civil war"
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "A major goal of both the Sepoy Mutiny in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China was to",
"correctAnswerText": "rid their countries of foreigners",
"incorrectText1": "expand their respective territories",
"incorrectText2": "receive international military support",
"incorrectText3": "restore an absolute monarch to the throne"
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "Early exploration of Africa by Europeans was hindered by the",
"correctAnswerText": "many different physical features of Africa",
"incorrectText1": "lack of natural resources in Africa",
"incorrectText2": "alliances between African kingdoms",
"incorrectText3": "isolationist policies of European monarchs"
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "Which action taken by the Meiji government encouraged industrialization in 19th-century Japan?",
"correctAnswerText": "building a modern transportation system",
"incorrectText1": "limiting the number of ports open to foreign trade",
"incorrectText2": "forcing families to settle on collective farms",
"incorrectText3": "establishing a system of trade guilds"
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "One goal of the League of Nations was to",
"correctAnswerText": "promote peaceful relations worldwide",
"incorrectText1": "stimulate the economy of Europe",
"incorrectText2": "bring World War I to an end",
"incorrectText3": "encourage a strong alliance system"
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "� Five-year plans � Collectivization of agriculture � Great Purge. Which individual is associated with all these policies?",
"correctAnswerText": "Joseph Stalin",
"incorrectText1": "Adolf Hitler",
"incorrectText2": "Deng Xiaoping",
"incorrectText3": "Jawaharlal Nehru"
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "Japan�s invasion of Manchuria, Italy�s attack on Ethiopia, and Germany�s blitzkrieg in Poland are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "military aggression",
"incorrectText1": "containment",
"incorrectText2": "appeasement",
"incorrectText3": "the domino theory"
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "Which statement about the worldwide Depression of the 1930s is a fact rather than an opinion?",
"correctAnswerText": "The economic upheaval of the Depression had major political effects.",
"incorrectText1": "Political leaders should have prevented the Depression.",
"incorrectText2": "Germany was hurt more by the Treaty of Versailles than by the Depression.",
"incorrectText3": "World War I was the only reason for the Depression."
}, {
"itemType": "0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ",
"questionText": "Which group was accused of violating human rights in the city of Nanjing during World War II?",
"correctAnswerText": "Japanese",
"incorrectText1": "Americans",
"incorrectText2": "Chinese",
"incorrectText3": "Germans"
}, {
"itemType": "LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z",
"questionText": "One way in which the Hitler Youth of Germany and the Red Guard of China are similar is that both organizations",
"correctAnswerText": "required unquestioning loyalty to the leader",
"incorrectText1": "helped increase religious tolerance",
"incorrectText2": "hindered imperialistic goals",
"incorrectText3": "led pro-democracy movements"
}, {
"itemType": "6J6SIRWPNI6IONR",
"questionText": "� French intent to recolonize Indo-China after World War II � United States desire to prevent the spread of communism � United States support for the French in Southeast AsiaThese ideas are most closely . associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "causes of the conflict in Vietnam",
"incorrectText1": "reasons for the Nationalist settlement of Taiwan",
"incorrectText2": "factors that led to the Korean War",
"incorrectText3": "results of the Marshall Plan"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "Which country is most closely associated with the terms pass laws, homelands, and white minority rule?",
"correctAnswerText": "South Africa",
"incorrectText1": "El Salvador",
"incorrectText2": "Iran",
"incorrectText3": "Israel"
}, {
"itemType": "B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68",
"questionText": "The destruction of the Berlin Wall and the breakup of the Soviet Union signify the",
"correctAnswerText": "end of the Cold War",
"incorrectText1": "collapse of the Taliban",
"incorrectText2": "strength of the Warsaw Pact",
"incorrectText3": "power of the European Union"
}, {
"itemType": "Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV",
"questionText": "In the 20th century, urbanization affected the developing nations of Africa, Asia, and Latin America by",
"correctAnswerText": "weakening traditional values",
"incorrectText1": "reducing literacy rates",
"incorrectText2": "strengthening caste systems",
"incorrectText3": "increasing the isolation of women"
}, {
"itemType": "0WK63DOOS2FXIQR",
"questionText": "Which statement about the impact of the AIDS epidemic in both Africa and Southeast Asia is most accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "Life expectancy in both regions is declining.",
"incorrectText1": "The availability of low-cost drugs has cured most of those infected.",
"incorrectText2": "The introduction of awareness programs has eliminated the threat of the disease.",
"incorrectText3": "Newborn babies and young children have not been affected by the disease."
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "In August 1990, Iraq invaded Kuwait. The United Nations response led to the Persian Gulf War of 1991. This response is an example of",
"correctAnswerText": "collective security",
"incorrectText1": "d�tente",
"incorrectText2": "totalitarianism",
"incorrectText3": "empire building"
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "One similarity between the Roman Empire and the Ottoman Empire is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "declined because of corruption in government",
"incorrectText1": "reached their height of power at the same time",
"incorrectText2": "developed parliamentary governments",
"incorrectText3": "ensured equality for women"
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "Which statement regarding the impact of geography on Japan is most accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "Lack of natural resources led to a policy of imperialism.",
"incorrectText1": "Large plains served as invasion routes for conquerors.",
"incorrectText2": "Arid deserts and mountains caused isolation from Asia.",
"incorrectText3": "Close proximity to Africa encouraged extensive trade with Egypt."
}, {
"itemType": "RQFKPE3OR6A25JD",
"questionText": "The Age of Exploration led directly to the",
"correctAnswerText": "establishment of European colonies",
"incorrectText1": "start of the Puritan Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "invention of the magnetic compass",
"incorrectText3": "failure of the Congress of Vienna"
}, {
"itemType": "I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ",
"questionText": "One way in which Jos� de San Mart�n, Camillo Cavour, and Jomo Kenyatta are similar is that each leader",
"correctAnswerText": "led nationalist movements",
"incorrectText1": "made significant scientific discoveries",
"incorrectText2": "fought against British imperialism",
"incorrectText3": "became a communist revolutionary"
}, {
"itemType": "6KQZN538LCU7K9W",
"questionText": "One way in which Vladimir Lenin�s New Economic Policy and Mikhail Gorbachev�s policy of perestroika are similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "allowed elements of capitalism within a communist economic system",
"incorrectText1": "strengthened their country�s military defenses",
"incorrectText2": "supported censorship of news and of personal correspondence",
"incorrectText3": "increased tensions during the Cold War"
}, {
"itemType": "XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG",
"questionText": "Which set of events in 19th- and 20th-century Chinese history is in the correct chronological order?",
"correctAnswerText": "Opium Wars ? Long March ? Great Leap Forward ? Four Modernizations",
"incorrectText1": "Great Leap Forward ? Opium Wars ? Long March ? Four Modernizations",
"incorrectText2": "Four Modernizations ? Long March ? Opium Wars ? Great Leap Forward",
"incorrectText3": "Long March ? Four Modernizations ? Great Leap Forward ? Opium Wars"
}, {
"itemType": "LFNB87QHK1KPSO1",
"questionText": "A study of Spain during the late 1400s, the Balkan States during the early 1900s, Rwanda during the 1990s, and Central Asia today shows that",
"correctAnswerText": "ethnic conflicts have been a recurring issue in history",
"incorrectText1": "civil disobedience is an effective way to bring about change",
"incorrectText2": "people have been encouraged to question tradition",
"incorrectText3": "colonial rule has a lasting legacy "
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "Ethnocentrism is best defined as",
"correctAnswerText": "the belief that one�s culture is superior to all others",
"incorrectText1": "military preparation for a civil war",
"incorrectText2": "love and devotion to one�s country",
"incorrectText3": "a belief in one god"
}, {
"itemType": "34BUUBUS07QUA6M",
"questionText": "� The east is bordered by the Yellow Sea. � The population is concentrated along the coast and in the river valleys. � Mountains, plateaus, and deserts dominate the western region.  To which country do all of these geographic statements apply?",
"correctAnswerText": "China",
"incorrectText1": "England",
"incorrectText2": "Nicaragua",
"incorrectText3": "Philippines"
}, {
"itemType": "NORRDWZROR868GG",
"questionText": "Which social scientist primarily studies how people change resources into goods and services?",
"correctAnswerText": "economist",
"incorrectText1": "archaeologist",
"incorrectText2": "sociologist",
"incorrectText3": "psychologist"
}, {
"itemType": "20E6K97FCPOIUK3",
"questionText": "The Neolithic Revolution is considered a turning point in history because it",
"correctAnswerText": "included the domestication of plants and animals",
"incorrectText1": "influenced climatic changes",
"incorrectText2": "encouraged a nomadic lifestyle",
"incorrectText3": "caused a decline in population"
}, {
"itemType": "B7PFLDEF4F7G29R",
"questionText": "The primary reason the Bantu-speaking people of West Africa migrated southward and eastward between 500 B.C. and A.D. 1500 was to",
"correctAnswerText": "find land for farming and grazing",
"incorrectText1": "flee warfare",
"incorrectText2": "seek religious freedom",
"incorrectText3": "establish a colonial empire"
}, {
"itemType": "5MH112LCJ8OZFJM",
"questionText": "Which action is most closely associated with polytheism?",
"correctAnswerText": "worshipping many gods",
"incorrectText1": "praying in a synagogue",
"incorrectText2": "accepting the Eightfold Path",
"incorrectText3": "reading the Koran"
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "In western Europe, feudalism developed after the",
"correctAnswerText": "Roman Empire collapsed",
"incorrectText1": "Renaissance began",
"incorrectText2": "city of Constantinople fell",
"incorrectText3": "Mongols invaded"
}, {
"itemType": "9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ",
"questionText": "Letting some farmland remain unplanted as a means of increasing food production is most closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "the three-field system",
"incorrectText1": "modern irrigation methods",
"incorrectText2": "the enclosure movement",
"incorrectText3": "slash-and-burn agriculture"
}, {
"itemType": "FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR",
"questionText": "What was an impact of Korea�s geographic location on the history of East Asia?",
"correctAnswerText": "serving as a cultural bridge between China and Japan",
"incorrectText1": "isolating Russia from Japan",
"incorrectText2": "protecting China from Mongol invaders",
"incorrectText3": "preventing Europeans from colonizing East Asia"
}, {
"itemType": "IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0",
"questionText": "Which situation was a result of Pax Mongolia?",
"correctAnswerText": "Trade increased between Europe and Asia.",
"incorrectText1": "China became isolated from its neighbors.",
"incorrectText2": "Warfare between Japan and Vietnam escalated.",
"incorrectText3": "Europeans conquered the Aztecs and Incas."
}, {
"itemType": "6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP",
"questionText": "� Sir Francis Drake circumnavigated the globe. � England defeated the Spanish Armada. � William Shakespeare wrote his play Richard III. These events occurred during the reign of",
"correctAnswerText": "Elizabeth I",
"incorrectText1": "Charlemagne",
"incorrectText2": "Peter the Great",
"incorrectText3": "Suleiman the Magnificent"
}, {
"itemType": "5WFRV6D1AF857M2",
"questionText": "Which geographic feature of Spain and Portugal most enhanced their ability to engage in exploration?",
"correctAnswerText": "peninsular location",
"incorrectText1": "mountainous region",
"incorrectText2": "extensive river system",
"incorrectText3": "fertile plain"
}, {
"itemType": "ICALETH1G91HXTE",
"questionText": "The journeys of Vasco da Gama, Bartholomeu Dias, and Christopher Columbus became possible in the late 1400s because of the",
"correctAnswerText": "development of new navigational instruments and technology",
"incorrectText1": "support of exploration by the English government",
"incorrectText2": "trade connections established by Ibn Battuta",
"incorrectText3": "effects of the Atlantic slave trade"
}, {
"itemType": "6HN4D643RTBD5SO",
"questionText": "Which statement demonstrates a major characteristic of mercantilism in colonial Latin America?",
"correctAnswerText": "Colonies were a source of raw materials for Spain.",
"incorrectText1": "Colonies developed local industries to compete with Spain.",
"incorrectText2": "Spanish colonies traded freely with English colonies.",
"incorrectText3": "Spain instituted democratic governments in its colonies."
}, {
"itemType": "5KYWZNHEGDGC56G",
"questionText": "The encomienda system in colonial Latin America led to the",
"correctAnswerText": "use of forced labor",
"incorrectText1": "establishment of trade unions",
"incorrectText2": "increase in landownership by Native Americans",
"incorrectText3": "weakening of the power of peninsulares "
}, {
"itemType": "5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK",
"questionText": "One way in which Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau are similar is that they were",
"correctAnswerText": "philosophers during the Age of Enlightenment",
"incorrectText1": "chief ministers during the French Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "leaders of the Italian unification movement",
"incorrectText3": "supporters of the Counter Reformation"
}, {
"itemType": "8L2TET9XHNDJDY6",
"questionText": "Increased agricultural production in England in the late 1700s contributed directly to",
"correctAnswerText": " an increase in life expectancy",
"incorrectText1": "the development of a worldwide communications network",
"incorrectText2": "the introduction of manorialism",
"incorrectText3": "a decrease in the power of the monarch"
}, {
"itemType": "GON3JDO53HYHEHP",
"questionText": "Which statement about railroad systems in the 19th and early 20th centuries is accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "Railroads helped promote the factory system and urbanization.",
"incorrectText1": "Imperialists rejected the use of railroads in their colonies.",
"incorrectText2": "European governments opposed the development of railroads.",
"incorrectText3": "Railroads made transportation of goods less efficient."
}, {
"itemType": "11Y568S0S231L12",
"questionText": "What was the main reason for the extensive Irish emigration to North America in the 1840s?",
"correctAnswerText": "mass starvation",
"incorrectText1": "civil war",
"incorrectText2": "military draft",
"incorrectText3": "smallpox outbreak"
}, {
"itemType": "A21ZEU2LRRWODOM",
"questionText": "What was a principal reason for the success of European colonialism in Asia in the late 1800s?",
"correctAnswerText": "Europe was able to dominate military and commercial relations with Asia.",
"incorrectText1": "Asians respected Europeans as representatives of an advanced civilization.",
"incorrectText2": "Europeans respected Asian laws and customs.",
"incorrectText3": "Many Asians adopted European religious practices."
}, {
"itemType": "6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ",
"questionText": "Which action in Japanese history occurred during the Meiji Restoration?",
"correctAnswerText": "Japan modernized its economy.",
"incorrectText1": "Mongols invaded the islands of Japan.",
"incorrectText2": "The Japanese government adopted an isolationist policy.",
"incorrectText3": "Buddhism became the official religion of Japan."
}, {
"itemType": "LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0",
"questionText": "The annexation of Korea and Japan�s invasion of Manchuria were attempts by Japan to",
"correctAnswerText": "acquire natural resources",
"incorrectText1": "spread Shinto beliefs",
"incorrectText2": "protect human rights",
"incorrectText3": "establish theocratic governments"
}, {
"itemType": "9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV",
"questionText": "Mohandas Gandhi�s protests in India were a response to Great Britain�s",
"correctAnswerText": "policy of colonialism",
"incorrectText1": "support of Zionism",
"incorrectText2": "practice of humanitarianism",
"incorrectText3": "introduction of socialism"
}, {
"itemType": "FZLOFTA7JBEINNX",
"questionText": "One similarity between Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "led fascist states",
"incorrectText1": "supported communism",
"incorrectText2": "rejected militarism",
"incorrectText3": "remained in power after World War II"
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "What has the end of communism in the Soviet Union caused many countries in Eastern Europe to do?",
"correctAnswerText": "pursue free-market economic policies",
"incorrectText1": "shift to a command economy",
"incorrectText2": "maintain a communist form of government",
"incorrectText3": "join the Warsaw Pact"
}, {
"itemType": "2WTN2EZKLD1NA2I",
"questionText": "Which type of warfare did Mao Zedong, Fidel Castro, and Ho Chi Minh all engage in as leaders of revolutionary movements in their respective nations?",
"correctAnswerText": "guerilla",
"incorrectText1": "trench",
"incorrectText2": "unrestricted submarine",
"incorrectText3": "biological"
}, {
"itemType": "C3G8TIBPN3R75J7",
"questionText": "Which statement about the Balkan Peninsula since 1995 is most accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "Ethnic tensions and conflict continue to be a problem in much of the region.",
"incorrectText1": "Slobodan Milosevic of Serbia became the first democratically elected leader of the region.",
"incorrectText2": "The Balkan Peninsula has become one of the most prosperous regions in Europe.",
"incorrectText3": "Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia are now both controlled by Yugoslavia."
}, {
"itemType": "N5DKB90KJBRZ7LK",
"questionText": "Which revolution led to the concept of banking, the creation of guilds, and the development of capitalism in Europe?",
"correctAnswerText": "Commercial",
"incorrectText1": "Scientific",
"incorrectText2": "Agricultural",
"incorrectText3": "Industrial"
}, {
"itemType": "LDLBICMUYYJJXFM",
"questionText": "The introduction of Buddhism into Japan and of Christianity into Africa are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText1": "modernization",
"incorrectText2": "ethnic conflict",
"incorrectText3": "isolation"
}, {
"itemType": "ADH99R0N2E3WDB2",
"questionText": "A goal of both the Boxer Rebellion in China and the Mau Mau movement in Kenya was to",
"correctAnswerText": "end foreign control",
"incorrectText1": "promote laissez-faire capitalism",
"incorrectText2": "develop modern industries",
"incorrectText3": "create a totalitarian state"
}, {
"itemType": "DKJONPHAWJ9F1J9",
"questionText": "-Therefore those preachers of indulgences are in error, who say that by the pope�s indulgences a man is freed from every penalty, and saved;- Which period in European history is most closely associated with this statement?",
"correctAnswerText": "Protestant Reformation",
"incorrectText1": "Roman Empire",
"incorrectText2": "Crusades",
"incorrectText3": "Enlightenment"
}, {
"itemType": "QLTUBWXXSER5L1O",
"questionText": "-Therefore those preachers of indulgences are in error, who say that by the pope�s indulgences a man is freed from every penalty, and saved;- This statement reflects a controversy over the proper",
"correctAnswerText": "means of salvation",
"incorrectText1": "roles of women",
"incorrectText2": "types of education",
"incorrectText3": "forms of prayer"
}, {
"itemType": "UF363WM5WCFCIX8",
"questionText": "Sim�n Bol�var, Jos� de San Martin, and Toussaint l�Ouverture are best known as",
"correctAnswerText": "leaders of Latin American independence movements",
"incorrectText1": "scientists who supported the heliocentric theory",
"incorrectText2": "early Spanish explorers of the New World",
"incorrectText3": "communist leaders of the 19th century"
}, {
"itemType": "9R412KOULXYN9C0",
"questionText": "The Communist Revolution in China differed from the 19th-century Marxist ideals because this revolution was primarily supported by the",
"correctAnswerText": "peasants ",
"incorrectText1": "warlords",
"incorrectText2": "factory owners",
"incorrectText3": "gentry"
}]
},
{
"itemId": "60FD92C4B0A33188A2887F5",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2009 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2009 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{
"itemType": "FU9DRRDLASG0B18",
"questionText": "Which topic is central to the study of economics?",
"correctAnswerText": "examining the distribution and use of limited resources",
"incorrectText1": "tracking the development and spread of diseases",
"incorrectText2": "understanding the causes of ethnic rivalries",
"incorrectText3": "studying the growth and role of political parties"
}, {
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "Which feature would most likely appear on a physical map?",
"correctAnswerText": "mountain ranges",
"incorrectText1": "population densities",
"incorrectText2": "land usage patterns",
"incorrectText3": "climatic patterns"
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "Where does the archaeological evidence gathered by Louis and Mary Leakey suggest the earliest humans developed?",
"correctAnswerText": "Great Rift Valley",
"incorrectText1": "Amazon rain forest",
"incorrectText2": "Himalaya Mountains",
"incorrectText3": "Philippine archipelago"
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "A direct result of the Neolithic Revolution is that people",
"correctAnswerText": "began living in permanent settlements",
"incorrectText1": "developed a nomadic way of life",
"incorrectText2": "depended on hunting and gathering",
"incorrectText3": "used crop rotation to increase agricultural output"
}, {
"itemType": "V1LX77TKH98RRK5",
"questionText": "Subsistence farming can best be defined as",
"correctAnswerText": "producing just enough food for a family�s survival",
"incorrectText1": "harvesting a surplus of crops to be sold for profit",
"incorrectText2": "domesticating animals to transport goods",
"incorrectText3": "irrigating crops to increase production"
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "Which practice is most closely associated with a person of the Islamic faith?",
"correctAnswerText": "praying five times a day",
"incorrectText1": "refraining from eating meat on Fridays",
"incorrectText2": "following the Eightfold Path",
"incorrectText3": "worshipping many gods"
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "The Gupta Empire was best known for its",
"correctAnswerText": "advances in mathematics and medicine",
"incorrectText1": "efforts to resist European imperialism",
"incorrectText2": "development of the barter system",
"incorrectText3": "construction of Angkor Wat"
}, {
"itemType": "W51PW4MEE1QROQ1",
"questionText": "A major contribution of the Byzantine Empire was the",
"correctAnswerText": "preservation of Greek science and Roman engineering",
"incorrectText1": "invention of the wheel and gunpowder",
"incorrectText2": "participation of citizens in government",
"incorrectText3": "diffusion of Hindu beliefs"
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "What was one direct result of the Crusades?",
"correctAnswerText": "Trade increased between Europe and the Middle East.",
"incorrectText1": "Islamic kingdoms expanded into Europe.",
"incorrectText2": "Arabs and Christians divided the city of Jerusalem between them.",
"incorrectText3": "Alexander the Great became a powerful leader in Eurasia."
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "Which statement about government during the Tokugawa period in Japan is most accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "Actual power was held by the shogun.",
"incorrectText1": "The power of the emperor was absolute and supreme.",
"incorrectText2": "The real power was held by foreign countries.",
"incorrectText3": "Political power was in the hands of the merchant class."
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "One way in which the Silk Roads and the West African trade routes are similar is that along both routes",
"correctAnswerText": "ideas were exchanged as merchants interacted with each other",
"incorrectText1": "the main items exchanged were ivory and tobacco",
"incorrectText2": "concrete was used to improve the surface of the roads",
"incorrectText3": "a single currency was used to make transactions easier"
}, {
"itemType": "3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5",
"questionText": "The use of the geographic terms Near East and Far East reflects",
"correctAnswerText": "a European view of the world",
"incorrectText1": "the distance of nations from Mecca",
"incorrectText2": "a Japanese perspective of Asia",
"incorrectText3": "the location of Southwest Asia in relation to North Africa"
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": "� The introduction of gunpowder helped bring an end to feudalism. � The printing press played an important role in causing the Reformation. These statements best reflect the idea that",
"correctAnswerText": "technological advances can lead to major change",
"incorrectText1": "environmental changes can affect human society",
"incorrectText2": "contact with other societies can lead to conflict and war",
"incorrectText3": "economic change can be slow and almost unnoticed"
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "Martin Luther was primarily dissatisfied with the Roman Catholic Church because he",
"correctAnswerText": "disagreed with the sale of indulgences",
"incorrectText1": "thought the church lacked structure",
"incorrectText2": "blamed the church for not curing people who had the plague",
"incorrectText3": "believed that kings should have more power to appoint clergy"
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": "� Dominated the eastern Mediterranean Sea (1500s) � Conquered Egypt and Syria (1517) � Laid siege to Vienna (1529) Which empire is most closely associated with these events?",
"correctAnswerText": "Ottoman Empire",
"incorrectText1": "Persian Empire",
"incorrectText2": "Spanish Empire",
"incorrectText3": "Russian Empire"
}, {
"itemType": "8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS",
"questionText": "A major agricultural advancement of the Incas was the",
"correctAnswerText": "terracing of mountains for farming",
"incorrectText1": "domestication of cattle",
"incorrectText2": "use of a steel plow",
"incorrectText3": "development of floating gardens"
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": "What was a significant effect of the Columbian exchange?",
"correctAnswerText": "Potatoes were introduced into the diet of some Europeans.",
"incorrectText1": "The Aztec conquered a vast empire.",
"incorrectText2": "Prince Henry the Navigator established a school for sailors.",
"incorrectText3": "China closed its borders to foreigners."
}, {
"itemType": "9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF",
"questionText": "What was a direct result of the trans-Atlantic slave trade on African cultures?",
"correctAnswerText": "Many African communities faced economic disaster.",
"incorrectText1": "European industrial factories were established throughout Africa.",
"incorrectText2": "Animism was no longer practiced in Africa.",
"incorrectText3": "Africans across the continent hired Europeans to train their military."
}, {
"itemType": "HARJ6XE78XNCXSA",
"questionText": "According to the European policy of mercantilism, colonies should",
"correctAnswerText": "benefit the mother country",
"incorrectText1": "trade openly with various countries",
"incorrectText2": "be left alone to manage their own affairs",
"incorrectText3": "attempt to gain independence as soon as possible"
}, {
"itemType": "8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A",
"questionText": "Louis XIV and Peter the Great would most likely agree with the expression",
"correctAnswerText": "-do not question government authority-",
"incorrectText1": "-government should leave businesses alone-",
"incorrectText2": "-countries should settle differences without war-",
"incorrectText3": "-all men are created with natural rights-"
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "What was one effect of the French Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "Nationalistic feelings were stimulated.",
"incorrectText1": "Differences between ethnic groups were eliminated.",
"incorrectText2": "Communism became popular.",
"incorrectText3": "Militarism was discouraged."
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": "In The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels expressed the idea that",
"correctAnswerText": "profits from work should belong to the workers",
"incorrectText1": "religion should be the most important factor in society",
"incorrectText2": "power should be determined by a person�s wealth",
"incorrectText3": "supply and demand should control prices"
}, {
"itemType": "HSF4BRDGX2SXB69",
"questionText": "Adam Smith would most likely agree with which statement?",
"correctAnswerText": "Government should follow a laissez-faire policy.",
"incorrectText1": "Revolution is the only solution to economic problems.",
"incorrectText2": "Five-year plans are necessary in order to industrialize.",
"incorrectText3": "All nations would benefit from an agricultural economy."
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "Which region was most affected by decisions made at the Berlin Conference of 1884?",
"correctAnswerText": "Africa",
"incorrectText1": "Latin America",
"incorrectText2": "East Asia",
"incorrectText3": "South Asia"
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "One way in which the Sepoy Rebellion in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China are similar is that both attempted to",
"correctAnswerText": "remove foreign influences",
"incorrectText1": "restore democracy",
"incorrectText2": "modernize their economy",
"incorrectText3": "end religious conflict"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "The Opium Wars of the mid-19th century marked the beginning of the",
"correctAnswerText": "domination of China by foreign powers",
"incorrectText1": "rivalry between China and Taiwan",
"incorrectText2": "decline of European influence in East Asia",
"incorrectText3": "global effort to combat drug use"
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "The primary reason France and Japan were interested in controlling parts of Indochina in the 20th century was to",
"correctAnswerText": "obtain valuable natural resources",
"incorrectText1": "dominate the Indian Ocean",
"incorrectText2": "stop the spread of communism",
"incorrectText3": "prevent Spanish colonization"
}, {
"itemType": "3S3OX0N305A2N1R",
"questionText": "Which leader is most closely associated with the rise of fascism in Italy prior to World War II?",
"correctAnswerText": "Benito Mussolini",
"incorrectText1": "Ho Chi Minh",
"incorrectText2": "Mao Zedong",
"incorrectText3": "Winston Churchill"
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "The South African government�s policy of racial separation between 1948 and 1994 was called",
"correctAnswerText": "apartheid",
"incorrectText1": "Pan-Africanism",
"incorrectText2": "democratization",
"incorrectText3": "suffrage"
}, {
"itemType": "YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP",
"questionText": "The Iranian Revolution of 1979 resulted in the establishment of",
"correctAnswerText": "an Islamic state",
"incorrectText1": "a secular Western-style democracy",
"incorrectText2": "a constitutional monarchy",
"incorrectText3": "a military dictatorship"
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "Mikhail Gorbachev contributed to the fall of communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe by",
"correctAnswerText": "introducing the policies of perestroika and glasnost",
"incorrectText1": "violating nuclear arms agreements",
"incorrectText2": "invading Afghanistan",
"incorrectText3": "signing the Camp David Accords"
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "Which group of countries earns much of their revenue from the sale of oil?",
"correctAnswerText": "Saudi Arabia, Nigeria, Venezuela",
"incorrectText1": "China, Korea, Jordan",
"incorrectText2": "Turkey, Brazil, Lebanon",
"incorrectText3": "Argentina, Malaysia, Chile"
}, {
"itemType": "9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI",
"questionText": "Which statement about the Green Revolution is most accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "It increased food output in many developing countries.",
"incorrectText1": "It reduced the amount of chemical pollutants in the environment.",
"incorrectText2": "It decreased dependence on fossil fuels.",
"incorrectText3": "It attempted to end colonial rule."
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "Which problem in the savanna regions of Africa is caused by population pressures and overuse of the land?",
"correctAnswerText": "desertification",
"incorrectText1": "rain forest destruction",
"incorrectText2": "air pollution",
"incorrectText3": "flooding"
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "One way in which Pax Romana and Pax Mongolia are similar is that both were characterized by",
"correctAnswerText": "political stability",
"incorrectText1": "unifying religious institutions",
"incorrectText2": "representative forms of government",
"incorrectText3": "social equality for men and women"
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "The Twelve Tables were the written laws of",
"correctAnswerText": "ancient Rome",
"incorrectText1": "ancient Babylonia",
"incorrectText2": "the Mauryan Empire",
"incorrectText3": "the British Empire"
}, {
"itemType": "M6L7YCS6YVBNI48",
"questionText": "Which period in European history is most closely associated with the emergence of trade fairs, the founding of guilds, and the creation of the Hanseatic League?",
"correctAnswerText": "Commercial Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Age of Pericles",
"incorrectText2": "Age of Reason",
"incorrectText3": "Glorious Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "TBIDXY8QT09WZDG",
"questionText": "One way in which the English Magna Carta (1215), the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen (1789), and the Japanese Constitution (1947) are similar is that all these documents",
"correctAnswerText": "limited the power of the monarch",
"incorrectText1": "provided for universal suffrage",
"incorrectText2": "created a theocracy",
"incorrectText3": "equalized taxes"
}, {
"itemType": "QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD",
"questionText": "One way in which Emperor Meiji and Atat�rk are similar is that they both promoted",
"correctAnswerText": "reform and modernization",
"incorrectText1": "isolation and nationalism",
"incorrectText2": "capitalism and democracy",
"incorrectText3": "revolution and absolutism"
}, {
"itemType": "IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU",
"questionText": "Urbanization in developing nations today is similar to urbanization in 19th-century England because in both cases",
"correctAnswerText": "many farm workers went to cities to look for jobs",
"incorrectText1": "many people moved to rural areas",
"incorrectText2": "governments developed policies of forced migration",
"incorrectText3": "ties to extended families increased"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "Before September 1939, the European response to Hitler�s actions included",
"correctAnswerText": " following a policy of appeasement",
"incorrectText1": "blockading the coast of Germany",
"incorrectText2": "forcing Germany to sign the Versailles Treaty",
"incorrectText3": "creating alliances under the United Nations Charter"
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "-Czar Abdicates! Provisional Government Formed- -Peasants Promised �Peace, Land, and Bread�- -Reds and Whites Fight Bloody Civil War-. Which revolution is the focus of these headlines?",
"correctAnswerText": "Russian",
"incorrectText1": "Mexican",
"incorrectText2": "Chinese",
"incorrectText3": "Cuban"
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "One reason that many historians study geography is to",
"correctAnswerText": "show connections between people and places",
"incorrectText1": "help predict changes in government",
"incorrectText2": "tell when events took place",
"incorrectText3": "explore the value systems of early people"
}, {
"itemType": "8UKFL9QB8570RXP",
"questionText": "-Greek Statues Unearthed in Pompeii- -Chinese Porcelain Found at Zimbabwe Dig- -Mixtec Textiles Found Near Aztec Ruins- Which concept is illustrated by these headlines?",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText1": "colonialism",
"incorrectText2": "ethnocentrism",
"incorrectText3": "isolationism"
}, {
"itemType": "FX96LMXJUNBPTWL",
"questionText": "What was a result of the Neolithic Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "Civilizations developed.",
"incorrectText1": "Humans first learned to use fire.",
"incorrectText2": "Life expectancy declined.",
"incorrectText3": "People began hunting and gathering for food."
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": ". . .-One theory is that there were waves of migration, one moving through the east of Africa and another making its way through the centre of the continent. In Zambia, there is evidence of at least three routes of migration � from the great lakes, from the Congo forest and from Angola.- . . . Source: BBC, The Story of Africa: Early History.  This passage about the early history of Africa describes migrations associated with which group of people?",
"correctAnswerText": "Bantu",
"incorrectText1": "Phoenicians ",
"incorrectText2": "Moors",
"incorrectText3": "Babylonians"
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "Which belief system is considered monotheistic?",
"correctAnswerText": "Judaism",
"incorrectText1": "Jainism ",
"incorrectText2": "Daoism",
"incorrectText3": "Shinto"
}, {
"itemType": "HI4X8VLDXB6CU97",
"questionText": "How did the geography of the Italian peninsula influence the development of the Roman Empire?",
"correctAnswerText": "The location of the peninsula contributed to Roman control of the Mediterranean region.",
"incorrectText1": "The unnavigable rivers in the northern part of the peninsula protected the Romans from their neighbors.",
"incorrectText2": "The harsh climate prevented agricultural production on the Italian peninsula.",
"incorrectText3": "The lengthy, rugged seacoast encouraged frequent invasions of the Italian peninsula."
}, {
"itemType": "38CTTRF38X7325C",
"questionText": "� Hinduism was the dominant religion. � Murals were painted on the Ajanta cave walls. � The concept of zero and the decimal system were introduced. Which empire is described by these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Gupta",
"incorrectText1": "Persian",
"incorrectText2": "Maurya",
"incorrectText3": "British"
}, {
"itemType": "BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9",
"questionText": "The early Russian civilization adopted the Eastern Orthodox religion, the Cyrillic alphabet, and different styles of art and architecture through contact with",
"correctAnswerText": "mis",
"incorrectText1": "sionaries from the Byzantine Empiretraders from China",
"incorrectText2": "conquering Mongol invaders",
"incorrectText3": "Vikings from northern Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "Technological achievements made during the Tang and Song dynasties were important because they",
"correctAnswerText": "contributed to economic growth and cultural advancement",
"incorrectText1": "were used to defeat Kublai Khan",
"incorrectText2": "increased contact with the Americas",
"incorrectText3": "led to social equality between men and women"
}, {
"itemType": "SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ",
"questionText": "What was a major characteristic of the Renaissance in Europe?",
"correctAnswerText": "Secular achievements were emphasized.",
"incorrectText1": "Suffrage was granted to men and women.",
"incorrectText2": "Most literature was written in Arabic.",
"incorrectText3": "Most ancient Greek and Roman ideas were rejected."
}, {
"itemType": "FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP",
"questionText": "What was one result of the travels of Marco Polo?",
"correctAnswerText": "Interest in Asian cultures increased.Africa remained isolated.",
"incorrectText1": "Ottoman power decreased.",
"incorrectText2": "Colonies were established in Japan.",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3",
"questionText": "Which advancement in technology revolutionized the way ideas were spread throughout western Europe in the 15th century?",
"correctAnswerText": "improvements to the printing press",
"incorrectText1": "development of the astrolabe",
"incorrectText2": "introduction of the telegraph",
"incorrectText3": "creation of the telescope"
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "Prices in Spain rose as colonies supplied large amounts of gold and silver. This suggests that Spanish imports of gold and silver led to",
"correctAnswerText": "inflation",
"incorrectText1": "food shortages",
"incorrectText2": "unemployment",
"incorrectText3": "self-sufficiency"
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "Which form of political leadership is most closely associated with Ivan the Terrible, Suleiman the Magnificent, and Philip II of Spain?",
"correctAnswerText": "absolutist",
"incorrectText1": "democratic",
"incorrectText2": "communist",
"incorrectText3": "theocratic"
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "According to John Locke, the purpose of government is to",
"correctAnswerText": "protect the natural rights of individuals",
"incorrectText1": "serve the monarch",
"incorrectText2": "create overseas settlements",
"incorrectText3": "stimulate the economy"
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "Which characteristic is associated with an economy based on the principles of laissez-faire?",
"correctAnswerText": "prices based on supply and demand",
"incorrectText1": "production quotas established by the central government",
"incorrectText2": "distribution of goods determined by the customs of a traditional society",
"incorrectText3": "some goods exchanged for other goods of equal value"
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "One way in which Toussaint L�Ouverture, Sim�n Bol�var, and Jos� de San Mart�n are similar is that they",
"correctAnswerText": "led independence movements",
"incorrectText1": "supported the Reconquista",
"incorrectText2": "fought for Native American suffrage",
"incorrectText3": "defended the encomienda system"
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "The Sepoy Rebellion is considered an important event in Indian history because it was one cause of the",
"correctAnswerText": "independence movement in India",
"incorrectText1": "secession of Bangladesh from Pakistan",
"incorrectText2": "establishment of French colonies in India",
"incorrectText3": "creation of the Mughal Empire by Muslims"
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "The term empire is best defined as",
"correctAnswerText": "an extensive territory under the rule of a single authority",
"incorrectText1": "a political unit that has a common religious faith",
"incorrectText2": "a government ruled by the consent of the people",
"incorrectText3": "a country that requires conquered peoples to assimilate"
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "The Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente contributed to the start of World War I by",
"correctAnswerText": "increasing tensions between European countries",
"incorrectText1": "failing to include Germany and France as members",
"incorrectText2": "threatening countries in the Western Hemisphere",
"incorrectText3": "allowing Japanese aggression in Korea"
}, {
"itemType": "0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ",
"questionText": "The breakup of the Austro-Hungarian Empire led to the creation of several new states and the expansion of others. These new states soon established trade restrictions and began collecting tariffs when goods crossed their borders.    Which conclusion is most valid concerning the breakup of the Austro-Hungarian Empire?",
"correctAnswerText": "Political independence led to trade barriers.",
"incorrectText1": "International cooperation led to the settlement of border disputes.",
"incorrectText2": "Transition from a command to a free-market economy was difficult.",
"incorrectText3": "Tariffs resulted in increased trade."
}, {
"itemType": "LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z",
"questionText": "The 1930s depression in Germany contributed to the rise of the Nazi Party because",
"correctAnswerText": "economic hardships increased political instability",
"incorrectText1": "five-year plans of the communists failed",
"incorrectText2": "the Reichstag nationalized private property",
"incorrectText3": "the Weimar Republic imposed totalitarianism"
}, {
"itemType": "6J6SIRWPNI6IONR",
"questionText": "Mohandas Gandhi�s protests during India�s independence movement were often successful because of his application of",
"correctAnswerText": "civil disobedience",
"incorrectText1": "an appeasement policy",
"incorrectText2": "traditional caste beliefs",
"incorrectText3": "divide-and-conquer principles"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "The primary purpose of the United Nations is to",
"correctAnswerText": "resolve conflicts between nations peacefully",
"incorrectText1": "control world grain prices",
"incorrectText2": "promote democratic governments",
"incorrectText3": "unite all nations militarily through alliances"
}, {
"itemType": "TX38PQXUNZK77UN",
"questionText": "World War II was a turning point for many European colonies in Africa and Asia because the war led to",
"correctAnswerText": "increased efforts by these colonies to gain independence",
"incorrectText1": "the occupation of most European colonies by United Nations troops",
"incorrectText2": "the expansion of European imperialism",
"incorrectText3": "decreased friction between the Europeans and their colonies"
}, {
"itemType": "IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW",
"questionText": "The purpose of the Marshall Plan after World War II was to",
"correctAnswerText": "rebuild national economies to stabilize governments",
"incorrectText1": "promote the spread of militarism",
"incorrectText2": "force the losing nations to help areas destroyed in the war",
"incorrectText3": "strengthen the alliances that had won the war"
}, {
"itemType": "B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68",
"questionText": "The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is best known for its efforts to",
"correctAnswerText": "establish production quotas to control the price of oil",
"incorrectText1": "develop workable alternatives to fossil fuels",
"incorrectText2": "bring Western oil technology to the Middle East",
"incorrectText3": "stop the export of oil to non-Arab nations"
}, {
"itemType": "Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV",
"questionText": "One way in which the Korean War and the Vietnam War are similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "developed from Cold War tensions",
"incorrectText1": "resulted in unification of two formerly independent nations",
"incorrectText2": "reflected the success of the Western policy of containment",
"incorrectText3": "attempted to remove French imperialists from power"
}, {
"itemType": "0WK63DOOS2FXIQR",
"questionText": "One similarity in the results of the revolutions led by Fidel Castro in Cuba and by the Sandinistas in Nicaragua is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "followed Marxist principles",
"incorrectText1": "restored a monarchy",
"incorrectText2": "destroyed a theocracy",
"incorrectText3": "protected freedom of the press"
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "One way in which the Great Leap Forward and the Four Modernizations are similar is that each was an attempt to",
"correctAnswerText": "increase farm and factory output",
"incorrectText1": "develop a democratic government",
"incorrectText2": "strengthen economic ties with communist neighbors",
"incorrectText3": "reduce the gap between rich and poor"
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "The term Green Revolution refers to",
"correctAnswerText": "increased agricultural production based on technological advancements",
"incorrectText1": "an overthrow of the government by radical parties",
"incorrectText2": "a drastic change in the environment based on global warming",
"incorrectText3": "decreased food production caused by terrorism"
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "Which statement about the economy of Japan today is most accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "A lack of natural resources has not limited economic growth.",
"incorrectText1": "Abundant arable land has led to prosperity.",
"incorrectText2": "Possession of nuclear weaponry has assured a strong economy.",
"incorrectText3": "Economic development has occurred without political freedom."
}, {
"itemType": "RQFKPE3OR6A25JD",
"questionText": "Many achievements made during the Golden Ages of both Islam and the West African Kingdoms reached European societies by way of",
"correctAnswerText": "trade networks in the Mediterranean Sea region",
"incorrectText1": "trade expeditions between China and Africa",
"incorrectText2": "the voyages of Ferdinand Magellan",
"incorrectText3": "the travels of Commodore Matthew Perry"
}, {
"itemType": "I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ",
"questionText": "In European and Japanese feudal societies, social status was usually determined by",
"correctAnswerText": "birth",
"incorrectText1": "marriage",
"incorrectText2": "individual abilities",
"incorrectText3": "education and training"
}, {
"itemType": "6KQZN538LCU7K9W",
"questionText": "The policy of establishing colonies to gain wealth by controlling colonial trade is called",
"correctAnswerText": "mercantilism",
"incorrectText1": "socialism",
"incorrectText2": "fascism",
"incorrectText3": "communism"
}, {
"itemType": "XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG",
"questionText": "Which document established the principle of limited monarchy in England?",
"correctAnswerText": "Magna Carta",
"incorrectText1": "Twelve Tables",
"incorrectText2": "Act of Supremacy",
"incorrectText3": "Balfour Declaration"
}, {
"itemType": "LFNB87QHK1KPSO1",
"questionText": "For years, the Sahara was an obstacle for Europeans while Africans used the desert as a highway. Which conclusion is supported by this statement?",
"correctAnswerText": "Initially, Europeans lacked the knowledge and skills needed to travel in the desert.",
"incorrectText1": "Trade between Africa and Europe decreased.",
"incorrectText2": "African empires generally avoided contact with Europeans.",
"incorrectText3": "Desertification reduced the amount of arable land available to Africans and Europeans."
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "The Boxer Rebellion and the work of Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen) are most closely associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "rise of nationalism in China",
"incorrectText1": "Long March",
"incorrectText2": "Golden Age of China",
"incorrectText3": "Cultural Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "34BUUBUS07QUA6M",
"questionText": "The term iron curtain refers to the",
"correctAnswerText": "western boundary of Soviet domination in Europe during the Cold War",
"incorrectText1": "scars left on the land by the trenches of World War I",
"incorrectText2": "no-fly zone in northern Iraq after the Persian Gulf War",
"incorrectText3": "border established between India and Pakistan after World War II"
}, {
"itemType": "NORRDWZROR868GG",
"questionText": "Poles in 1918 and Jews prior to 1948 are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "peoples without their own state",
"incorrectText1": "colonized peoples in the British Empire",
"incorrectText2": "groups that joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)",
"incorrectText3": "groups represented"
}, {
"itemType": "20E6K97FCPOIUK3",
"questionText": "Which form of government is best characterized by one-party rule, censorship, and the use of terror to maintain power?",
"correctAnswerText": "totalitarian",
"incorrectText1": "feudal",
"incorrectText2": "limited monarchy",
"incorrectText3": "parliamentary democracy"
}, {
"itemType": "B7PFLDEF4F7G29R",
"questionText": "The term subsistence farming is best defined as",
"correctAnswerText": " producing only enough crops to meet family needs",
"incorrectText1": "redistributing farmland",
"incorrectText2": "irrigating farmland",
"incorrectText3": "exchanging farm products for money"
}, {
"itemType": "5MH112LCJ8OZFJM",
"questionText": "� Separated the cultures of Europe and Asia � Hindered, but did not prevent, invaders from entering India � Terraced to increase food production in South America. Which geographic feature is being described in these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "mountains",
"incorrectText1": "river valleys",
"incorrectText2": "steppes",
"incorrectText3": "tundra"
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "One similarity found in both Egyptian and Sumerian civilizations is that each developed a",
"correctAnswerText": "written language",
"incorrectText1": "monotheistic religion",
"incorrectText2": "ziggurat",
"incorrectText3": "compass "
}, {
"itemType": "9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ",
"questionText": "Which text is essential to the practice of Islam?",
"correctAnswerText": "Qur�an (Koran)",
"incorrectText1": "New Testament",
"incorrectText2": "Torah",
"incorrectText3": "Analects"
}, {
"itemType": "CRTDFM43DP4R453",
"questionText": "The development of the concept of zero, the use of a decimal system, and the Buddhist cave paintings at Ajanta are all achievements of the",
"correctAnswerText": "Gupta Empire",
"incorrectText1": "Inca Empire",
"incorrectText2": "Roman Republic",
"incorrectText3": "Kingdom of Songhai"
}, {
"itemType": "FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor directly influenced the early interactions between China and Korea?",
"correctAnswerText": "location",
"incorrectText1": "arid climate",
"incorrectText2": "monsoons",
"incorrectText3": "tropical savannas"
}, {
"itemType": "IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0",
"questionText": "What was the most important force in providing unity and stability throughout western Europe during the Middle Ages?",
"correctAnswerText": "church",
"incorrectText1": "inquisition",
"incorrectText2": "nobility",
"incorrectText3": "military"
}, {
"itemType": "5WFRV6D1AF857M2",
"questionText": "Which revolution in Europe is most closely associated with the rise of capitalism, the formation of guilds, and the growth of banking systems?",
"correctAnswerText": "Commercial",
"incorrectText1": "Agrarian",
"incorrectText2": "Scientific",
"incorrectText3": "Glorious"
}, {
"itemType": "ICALETH1G91HXTE",
"questionText": "One way in which 14th-century Mali in Africa and 14th-century Venice in Italy are similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "became wealthy and powerful as a result of trade",
"incorrectText1": "were land-locked city-states",
"incorrectText2": "developed economies based primarily on agriculture",
"incorrectText3": "were centers for Islamic learning"
}, {
"itemType": "6HN4D643RTBD5SO",
"questionText": ". . . I conclude, therefore, with regard to being feared and loved, that men love at their own free will, but fear at the will of the prince, and that a wise prince must rely on what is in his power and not on what is in the power of others, and he must only contrive to avoid incurring hatred, as has been explained. . . . This passage is most closely associated with the ideas of",
"correctAnswerText": "Niccol� Machiavelli",
"incorrectText1": "Pope Urban II",
"incorrectText2": "John Calvin",
"incorrectText3": "Thomas Malthus"
}, {
"itemType": "5KYWZNHEGDGC56G",
"questionText": "What was one cause of the Protestant Reformation?",
"correctAnswerText": "corruption among high officials of the Catholic Church",
"incorrectText1": "revolt by the Moors in Spain",
"incorrectText2": "passage of the Act of Supremacy in England",
"incorrectText3": "call for the Council of Trent by Pope Paul III"
}, {
"itemType": "5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK",
"questionText": "During the Ming dynasty, why did China stop investing in overseas naval expeditions?",
"correctAnswerText": "Chinese leaders saw little value in exploration.",
"incorrectText1": "Many foreigners were imitating Chinese culture.",
"incorrectText2": "People disagreed with Confucius�s demand for more territory.",
"incorrectText3": "Chinese merchants were threatened by foreign competition."
}, {
"itemType": "8L2TET9XHNDJDY6",
"questionText": "One way in which Sulieman the Magnificent, Akbar the Great, and Louis XIV are similar is that each was",
"correctAnswerText": "an absolute monarch",
"incorrectText1": "an important religious reformer",
"incorrectText2": "a supporter of laissez-faire practices",
"incorrectText3": "a leader of independence movements"
}, {
"itemType": "GON3JDO53HYHEHP",
"questionText": "A major impact of the Columbian exchange on western Europe was the introduction of",
"correctAnswerText": "new food crops that improved the European diet",
"incorrectText1": "Christianity that led to the rise of the Catholic Church",
"incorrectText2": "new military technology that weakened local rulers",
"incorrectText3": "diseases that drastically reduced the population of Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "17S7REU8QQJYUYZ",
"questionText": "In the 1500s, the Portuguese seized trading ports in Southeast Asia in an attempt to gain totalcontrol of the spice trade. Based on this statement, one goal of the Portuguese was to establish",
"correctAnswerText": "a monopoly",
"incorrectText1": "an embargo",
"incorrectText2": "banking systems",
"incorrectText3": "agricultural cooperatives"
}, {
"itemType": "11Y568S0S231L12",
"questionText": "The struggles for political independence in Latin America during the early 1800s were most directly influenced by the",
"correctAnswerText": "American and French Revolutions",
"incorrectText1": "Berlin Conference",
"incorrectText2": "doctrine of liberation theology",
"incorrectText3": "writings of Count Camillo di Cavour"
}, {
"itemType": "A21ZEU2LRRWODOM",
"questionText": "Which written work criticized the capitalist system during the Industrial Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels",
"incorrectText1": "-White Man�s Burden- by Rudyard Kipling",
"incorrectText2": "The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith",
"incorrectText3": "The Origin of Species by Charles Darwin"
}, {
"itemType": "6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ",
"questionText": "Some developing countries rely on a single cash crop such as cotton or sugar cane. The origin of this practice can often be traced to the",
"correctAnswerText": "colonization of the region",
"incorrectText1": "introduction of communism",
"incorrectText2": "establishment of democratic governments",
"incorrectText3": "movements to gain independence"
}, {
"itemType": "LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0",
"questionText": "Which African group centralized its rule and adopted new military techniques that challenged the power of the British and the Boers in South Africa?",
"correctAnswerText": "Zulu",
"incorrectText1": "Ibo",
"incorrectText2": "Ashanti",
"incorrectText3": "Masai"
}, {
"itemType": "4M68F8AH54RB0JZ",
"questionText": "Which action did Japanese leaders take directly following the visit of Commodore Perry in 1853?",
"correctAnswerText": "They opened more ports to trade.",
"incorrectText1": "They attacked the British navy.",
"incorrectText2": "They increased the power of the shogun.",
"incorrectText3": "They allowed the importation of opium into Japan."
}, {
"itemType": "R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ",
"questionText": "Which event in Indian history could be considered a result of the other three?",
"correctAnswerText": "passage of the Independence Act",
"incorrectText1": "Salt March",
"incorrectText2": "Amritsar Massacre",
"incorrectText3": "Sepoy Rebellion"
}, {
"itemType": "9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV",
"questionText": "The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the immediate cause of",
"correctAnswerText": "World War I",
"incorrectText1": "the Franco-Prussian War",
"incorrectText2": "the Russo-Japanese War",
"incorrectText3": "World War II"
}, {
"itemType": "FZLOFTA7JBEINNX",
"questionText": "One way in which Atat�rk of Turkey and Ho Chi Minh of Vietnam are similar is that they both",
"correctAnswerText": "led nationalist movements in their countries",
"incorrectText1": "formed communist governments",
"incorrectText2": "kept their countries out of the United Nations",
"incorrectText3": "led their countries during the Cold War"
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "After World War II, the boundaries of newly independent African countries were most often based on",
"correctAnswerText": "divisions imposed under European imperialism",
"incorrectText1": "existing ethnic settlement patterns",
"incorrectText2": "mandates created under the United Nations",
"incorrectText3": "locations of oil resources"
}, {
"itemType": "C3G8TIBPN3R75J7",
"questionText": "One way in which Joseph Stalin�s five-year plans and Mao Zedong�s Great Leap Forward are similar is that both plans were",
"correctAnswerText": "attempts to increase agricultural and industrial production",
"incorrectText1": "efforts to reduce human rights violations",
"incorrectText2": "policies to improve relations with the West",
"incorrectText3": "methods used to control population growth"
}, {
"itemType": "N5DKB90KJBRZ7LK",
"questionText": "Which group of countries became Soviet satellites after World War II?",
"correctAnswerText": "Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary",
"incorrectText1": "France, Spain, Great Britain",
"incorrectText2": "Switzerland, Austria, Belgium",
"incorrectText3": "Turkey, Greece, Italy"
}, {
"itemType": "LDLBICMUYYJJXFM",
"questionText": "The goal of Mikhail Gorbachev�s policies of perestroika and glasnost was to",
"correctAnswerText": "stimulate economic growth and political discussion",
"incorrectText1": "expand collectivization and communes",
"incorrectText2": "resume development of Soviet nuclear weapons",
"incorrectText3": "stop expansion of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) into Eastern Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "ADH99R0N2E3WDB2",
"questionText": "The destruction of the rain forests in Latin America is primarily due to the",
"correctAnswerText": "demand for timber, farmland, and grazing land",
"incorrectText1": "diseases carried by insects",
"incorrectText2": "wildfires occurring during dry seasons",
"incorrectText3": "devastation caused by high winds during the tropical storm season"
}, {
"itemType": "DKJONPHAWJ9F1J9",
"questionText": "Which Cold War event occurred last?",
"correctAnswerText": "fall of the Berlin Wall",
"incorrectText1": "Cuban missile crisis",
"incorrectText2": "Korean War",
"incorrectText3": "Soviet invasion of Afghanistan"
}, {
"itemType": "QLTUBWXXSER5L1O",
"questionText": "� Justinian issues a new code of laws. � Greek culture is preserved. � A split develops in Christianity between the Roman Catholics and Orthodox Christians.   Which empire is most closely associated with these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Byzantine",
"incorrectText1": "Mughal",
"incorrectText2": "Persian",
"incorrectText3": "British"
}, {
"itemType": "UF363WM5WCFCIX8",
"questionText": "One way in which the ancient Inca Empire and the Roman Empire are similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "built a system of roadways throughout their empires",
"incorrectText1": "fought rivals for control of the sea",
"incorrectText2": "adopted Christianity as the state religion",
"incorrectText3": "traded with other civilizations along the Silk Road"
}, {
"itemType": "9R412KOULXYN9C0",
"questionText": "One motive for Japanese expansion between 1905 and 1941 was to",
"correctAnswerText": "obtain natural resources",
"incorrectText1": "end reparation payments",
"incorrectText2": "create a buffer zone",
"incorrectText3": "spread Buddhism"
}, {
"itemType": "0B13ALCD1EZLIQA",
"questionText": "What was one similarity between France during the 1790s and Germany during the 1920s?",
"correctAnswerText": "Severe inflation contributed to the rise of radical political groups.",
"incorrectText1": "Scientific developments improved the standard of living.",
"incorrectText2": "Widespread intolerance of the Huguenots led to human rights abuses.",
"incorrectText3": "Military successes eliminated tensions with neighboring countries."
}, {
"itemType": "MHYHXAF9ULEG60G",
"questionText": "-Hungry Workers in Petrograd Demand Food- - �Peace, Land, and Bread� Promised to All- -World War I Soldiers Join the People�s Rebellion-.  Which event is associated with these headlines?",
"correctAnswerText": "Russian Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Tiananmen Square protests",
"incorrectText2": "Soweto uprisings",
"incorrectText3": "Cuban Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "A687XMI2YYTBKDE",
"questionText": "� Pamphlet on the philosophy of Zionism � Balfour Declaration � Oslo Accords These documents are most closely associated with the controversy over",
"correctAnswerText": "control of land in the Middle East by Palestinians and Jews",
"incorrectText1": "efforts by the United Nations to restrict child slavery and indentured servitude",
"incorrectText2": "production of oil by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)",
"incorrectText3": "trade agreements established by the World Trade Organization (WTO)"
}]},
{
"itemId": "E02BF8495D0A96E28045990",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2010 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2010 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{
"itemType": "FU9DRRDLASG0B18",
"questionText": "Which example best represents a primary source?",
"correctAnswerText": "film footage taken during the liberation of Nazi concentration camps",
"incorrectText1": "a 20th-century novel about events leading up to the French Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "an interview with an expert on the fall of the Roman Empire",
"incorrectText3": "a lecture on the impact of the African slave trade on South America"
}, {
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "A geographic similarity between Italy and India is that both of these countries are located",
"correctAnswerText": "on peninsulas",
"incorrectText1": "on archipelagos",
"incorrectText2": "between two oceans",
"incorrectText3": "south of the equator"
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes an aspect of a command economy?",
"correctAnswerText": "Government directs and controls the means of production.",
"incorrectText1": "Profit motivates individuals to set up private businesses.",
"incorrectText2": "Tradition, religion, and customs heavily influence economic decisions.",
"incorrectText3": "Supply and demand regulate the economy."
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "The Indus and Huang He (Yellow) rivers are both closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "cradles of early civilization",
"incorrectText1": "border disputes",
"incorrectText2": "sacred biblical sites",
"incorrectText3": "oil discoveries"
}, {
"itemType": "V1LX77TKH98RRK5",
"questionText": "A similarity between Shinto in Japan and animism in African societies is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "believe that spirits exist in nature",
"incorrectText1": "use the Torah to establish law codes",
"incorrectText2": "stress the importance of the Eightfold Path",
"incorrectText3": "base social rank on a caste system"
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "The Code of Hammurabi and Chinese legalism both rely on the idea that",
"correctAnswerText": "harsh laws are needed to control society",
"incorrectText1": "governments must provide their people with rights",
"incorrectText2": "all subjects are equal under the law",
"incorrectText3": "religion and government must be brought closer together"
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "One similarity between the Gupta Empire and the Arab dynasties of the Islamic Golden Age is that they",
"correctAnswerText": "made advances in mathematics and literature",
"incorrectText1": "gained wealth by obtaining gold from the Americas",
"incorrectText2": "stressed the importance of dharma and karma",
"incorrectText3": "controlled territories around the Mediterranean seacoast"
}, {
"itemType": "W51PW4MEE1QROQ1",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor has often made Korea a key region for those seeking to control East Asia?",
"correctAnswerText": "location",
"incorrectText1": "long coastline",
"incorrectText2": "mountains",
"incorrectText3": "climate"
}, {
"itemType": "5XGL523ABIUTY7R",
"questionText": "Which culture is credited with the development of gunpowder, the abacus, and the compass?",
"correctAnswerText": "Chinese",
"incorrectText1": "Indian",
"incorrectText2": "Persian",
"incorrectText3": "Japanese"
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "� Cyrillic alphabet adopted for use in Russia. � Russians accepted the teachings of the Orthodox Christian Church. � Onion-shaped domes dotted the skyline of Kievan Russia. Which term is most closely associated with these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText1": "ethnocentrism",
"incorrectText2": "interdependence",
"incorrectText3": "colonialism"
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "What is a primary characteristic of a feudal society?",
"correctAnswerText": "an exchange of land for services",
"incorrectText1": "a representative government",
"incorrectText2": "economic equality for all",
"incorrectText3": "protection of individual rights"
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "Humanism during the Italian Renaissance was focused on",
"correctAnswerText": "the importance of the individual",
"incorrectText1": "the affairs of the church",
"incorrectText2": "self-sufficiency",
"incorrectText3": "political theories"
}, {
"itemType": "3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5",
"questionText": "Which individual�s work had the greatest impact on the spread of Martin Luther�s ideas?",
"correctAnswerText": "Johannes Gutenberg",
"incorrectText1": "Galileo Galilei",
"incorrectText2": "Niccol� Machiavelli",
"incorrectText3": "William Shakespeare"
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "The social class system in Latin America during the 16th and 17th centuries reflects the",
"correctAnswerText": "dominance of Spanish-born nobility",
"incorrectText1": "emerging equality between classes",
"incorrectText2": "influence of mestizo economic power",
"incorrectText3": "increasing social mobility of Native American Indians"
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": "One way in which Suleiman the Magnificent and Akbar the Great are similar is that they both brought about periods of",
"correctAnswerText": "political stability and religious tolerance",
"incorrectText1": "religious conquest and persecution",
"incorrectText2": "isolationism and cultural stagnation",
"incorrectText3": "modernization and political disunity"
}, {
"itemType": "8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS",
"questionText": "A DEO REX, A REGE LEX �-the king is from God, and law is from the king.- � James I. This quotation best reflects the concept of",
"correctAnswerText": "divine right rule",
"incorrectText1": "constitutional monarchy",
"incorrectText2": "separation of powers",
"incorrectText3": "equal representation"
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": "Which statement about the Scientific Revolution in Europe is accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "Scientists questioned traditional beliefs about the universe.",
"incorrectText1": "The existence of natural laws was rejected.",
"incorrectText2": "New ideas supported the geocentric theory of Ptolemy.",
"incorrectText3": "The Bible was used to justify new scientific findings."
}, {
"itemType": "9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF",
"questionText": "Under the Old Regime in France, the burden of taxation fell mostly on the",
"correctAnswerText": "commoners",
"incorrectText1": "monarchy",
"incorrectText2": "nobles",
"incorrectText3": "clergy"
}, {
"itemType": "HARJ6XE78XNCXSA",
"questionText": "One way in which Robespierre and Napoleon are similar is that they both",
"correctAnswerText": "increased their power during the French Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "played an important role at the Congress of Vienna",
"incorrectText2": "were executed for treason by French monarchs",
"incorrectText3": "led armies against the Haitians"
}, {
"itemType": "8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A",
"questionText": "Many critics believe that the policy of the British government during the Irish Famine",
"correctAnswerText": "contributed to food shortages",
"incorrectText1": " ignored military concerns",
"incorrectText2": "discouraged emigration",
"incorrectText3": "led directly to civil war"
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "Which of these developments in Africa was a cause of the other three?",
"correctAnswerText": "The Berlin Conference of 1884 influenced colonial boundaries.",
"incorrectText1": "Rival tribal groups fought wars.",
"incorrectText2": "Traditional territories and culture groups were permanently fragmented.",
"incorrectText3": "African economies became dependent on the sale of cash crops and raw materials."
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": "Which cultures fought with the Zulus in the 19th century over the control of land in South Africa?",
"correctAnswerText": "British and Boer",
"incorrectText1": "German and French",
"incorrectText2": "Indian and Belgian",
"incorrectText3": "Ethiopian and Italian"
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "During the late 19th century, Japan�s lack of natural resources was one reason for implementing a policy of",
"correctAnswerText": "imperialism",
"incorrectText1": "collectivization",
"incorrectText2": "socialism",
"incorrectText3": "free trade"
}, {
"itemType": "IR07J676OISB4HU",
"questionText": "One reason the Bolsheviks gained peasant support during the Russian Revolution was because the Bolsheviks promised to",
"correctAnswerText": "redistribute land",
"incorrectText1": "abolish communes",
"incorrectText2": "bring modern technology to Russian farms",
"incorrectText3": "maintain an agricultural price-support program"
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "Woodrow Wilson�s Fourteen Points influenced many colonial peoples in Asia and Africa to",
"correctAnswerText": "seek self-determination",
"incorrectText1": "create military alliances",
"incorrectText2": "reject terrorism",
"incorrectText3": "extend extraterritoriality"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "Which statement about Turkish leader Atat�rk is an opinion rather than a fact?",
"correctAnswerText": "His major accomplishment was the separation of church and state.",
"incorrectText1": "He promoted modernization.",
"incorrectText2": "His efforts led to the development of industries.",
"incorrectText3": "He encouraged people to wear western-style clothing."
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "Joseph Stalin�s policies in Ukraine during the 1930s directly resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "widespread starvation",
"incorrectText1": "agricultural self-sufficiency",
"incorrectText2": "the development of cottage industries",
"incorrectText3": "the use of subsistence farming techniques"
}, {
"itemType": "3S3OX0N305A2N1R",
"questionText": ". . . -You should take steps now to cease military resistance. Otherwise, we shall resolutely employ this bomb and all our other superior weapons to promptly and forcefully end the war.- . . . This paragraph from a 1945 Allied leaflet warned the",
"correctAnswerText": "Japanese civilians of a United States attack",
"incorrectText1": "Czechs of a German invasion",
"incorrectText2": "Americans in Hawaii of a Japanese attack",
"incorrectText3": "Koreans of a Russian invasion"
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "The Marshall Plan was designed to stop the spread of communism by providing",
"correctAnswerText": "funds for economic recovery in war-torn European nations",
"incorrectText1": "government housing to refugees",
"incorrectText2": "military assistance to Vietnam",
"incorrectText3": "nuclear weapons to North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) members"
}, {
"itemType": "YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP",
"questionText": "� China implemented a one-child policy. � African nations established educational and health care agendas. � Latin American nations worked with the United States to reduce drug trafficking. Which conclusion can best be drawn using all of these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Countries have had to address a variety of economic and social problems.",
"incorrectText1": "The governments of different countries reacted in various ways to the same problem.",
"incorrectText2": "Population explosions took place in some countries during the 20th century.",
"incorrectText3": "Some countries looked toward other nations to help solve their problems."
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "What is a long-term effect of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979?",
"correctAnswerText": "The influence of militant Islamic groups increased in the region.",
"incorrectText1": "Communism was strengthened in South Asia.",
"incorrectText2": "Hostilities between China and India lessened.",
"incorrectText3": "Tensions along the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan were reduced."
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "-A Jewish State Is Created- -Six-Day War Results in Major Arab Losses- -Withdrawal Begins from West Bank-. Which situation is referred to in these headlines?",
"correctAnswerText": "conflict between Israelis and Palestinians",
"incorrectText1": "Persian Gulf War",
"incorrectText2": "Scramble for Africa",
"incorrectText3": "collapse of the Ottoman Empire"
}, {
"itemType": "9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI",
"questionText": "In Japan, the Meiji Restoration and the post�World War II -economic miracle- can be described as periods of",
"correctAnswerText": "innovative industrial development",
"incorrectText1": "political decentralization",
"incorrectText2": "revolutionary democratization",
"incorrectText3": "reactionary social change"
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "The establishment of a parliamentary democracy in India and the establishment of Portuguese as the official language of Brazil indicates that European colonizers",
"correctAnswerText": "influenced the culture of regions under their control",
"incorrectText1": "respected the governments of the indigenous peoples",
"incorrectText2": " promoted Protestant religions over native religions",
"incorrectText3": "studied local traditions before implementing policies"
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "� Spain mines silver in the Americas. � The Dutch establish a colony in Southeast Asia. � The English East India Company controls tea plantations in India. Which policy is most closely associated with these events?",
"correctAnswerText": "mercantilism",
"incorrectText1": "pacifism",
"incorrectText2": "nonalignment",
"incorrectText3": "containment"
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "As a result of discrimination during the 19th century, where were many Jews in eastern Europe forced to live?",
"correctAnswerText": "in urban ghettos",
"incorrectText1": "on collective farms",
"incorrectText2": "in fortified villages",
"incorrectText3": "in industrial areas"
}, {
"itemType": "M6L7YCS6YVBNI48",
"questionText": "� The Ming emperor banned the building of large oceangoing ships in 1433. � The Tokugawa shogun issued the Act of Seclusion in 1636. One way in which these historical occurrences are similar is that both led to increased",
"correctAnswerText": "isolation",
"incorrectText1": "social mobility",
"incorrectText2": "cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText3": "globalization"
}, {
"itemType": "TBIDXY8QT09WZDG",
"questionText": "Armenians under Ottoman rule and Cambodians under the Khmer Rouge both experienced",
"correctAnswerText": "human rights violations",
"incorrectText1": "an outbreak of the plague",
"incorrectText2": "economic sanctions",
"incorrectText3": "an agricultural revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD",
"questionText": "One way in which the Council of Trent (1545�1563) and the Versailles Conference (1918�1919) are similar is that they both attempted to",
"correctAnswerText": "restore stability after a period of conflict or disorder",
"incorrectText1": "address economic concerns by lowering tariffs",
"incorrectText2": "defend human rights by establishing written codes of law",
"incorrectText3": "encourage cultural development through the creation of universities"
}, {
"itemType": "IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU",
"questionText": "A primary reason the Mongols and the British were able to expand their empires through conquest was because of",
"correctAnswerText": "a knowledge and command of advanced technologies",
"incorrectText1": "a rejection of democratic policies and practices",
"incorrectText2": "the development of religious and cultural reforms",
"incorrectText3": "an extended period of peaceful trade and commerce"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "Which event can be considered a conflict brought about in part by a religious reform movement?",
"correctAnswerText": "Iranian Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "World War I",
"incorrectText2": "World War II",
"incorrectText3": "Cuban Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "Which document is considered a primary source?",
"correctAnswerText": "personal correspondence",
"incorrectText1": "encyclopedia article",
"incorrectText2": "modern textbook",
"incorrectText3": "biography"
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "Which Neolithic Revolution development led to the other three?",
"correctAnswerText": "domestication of plants and animals",
"incorrectText1": "complex civilizations",
"incorrectText2": "surplus of food",
"incorrectText3": "division of labor"
}, {
"itemType": "8UKFL9QB8570RXP",
"questionText": "� The Ganges River is sacred to people practicing Hinduism. � Shinto shrines are usually located near mountains or lakes. � The Jordan River is a site of many Christian baptisms. Which conclusion is most valid based on these statements related to belief systems?",
"correctAnswerText": "Water plays an important role in these belief systems.",
"incorrectText1": "The Middle East was the birthplace of these belief systems.",
"incorrectText2": "Pilgrimages to mountainous regions are encouraged by these belief systems.",
"incorrectText3": "Understanding nature is a requirement of these belief systems."
}, {
"itemType": "FX96LMXJUNBPTWL",
"questionText": "Which achievements are most closely associated with the Tang and Song dynasties of China?",
"correctAnswerText": "gunpowder and movable wooden type",
"incorrectText1": "wheel and stirrup",
"incorrectText2": "chinampas and calendar",
"incorrectText3": "mosaics and domes"
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": "Korea has frequently served as a cultural bridge between",
"correctAnswerText": "China and Japan",
"incorrectText1": "Cambodia and Vietnam",
"incorrectText2": "Russia and India",
"incorrectText3": "Thailand and Indonesia"
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "Which institution served as the primary unifying force in medieval western Europe?",
"correctAnswerText": "church",
"incorrectText1": "legislature",
"incorrectText2": "monarchy",
"incorrectText3": "military"
}, {
"itemType": "HI4X8VLDXB6CU97",
"questionText": "Which change to Christian church practice was suggested by Martin Luther?",
"correctAnswerText": "printing the Bible in the vernacular so all could read it",
"incorrectText1": "increasing the sale of indulgences",
"incorrectText2": "installing statues of saints in churches",
"incorrectText3": "saying the mass in Latin so the faithful would learn it"
}, {
"itemType": "38CTTRF38X7325C",
"questionText": "The trans-Saharan trade carried out by West African civilizations was primarily based on an exchange of",
"correctAnswerText": "gold and salt",
"incorrectText1": "ivory and silk",
"incorrectText2": "silver and tea",
"incorrectText3": "hardwoods and animal skins"
}, {
"itemType": "BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9",
"questionText": "China�s image of itself as the Middle Kingdom is associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "controlling how contact occurs with other cultures",
"incorrectText1": "welcoming foreign ideas and influences",
"incorrectText2": "mixing Western religions with traditional Chinese philosophies",
"incorrectText3": "building the Grand Canal to expand trade within China"
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "Which factor most influenced the development of diverse cultures in pre-Columbian South America?",
"correctAnswerText": "geographic features",
"incorrectText1": "trade agreements",
"incorrectText2": "imported religious ideas",
"incorrectText3": "peasant revolts"
}, {
"itemType": "SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ",
"questionText": "What was a key characteristic of an absolute monarchy in the 16th and 17th centuries?",
"correctAnswerText": "centralized governmental authority",
"incorrectText1": "increased political rights for peasants and serfs",
"incorrectText2": "freedom of religion",
"incorrectText3": "a system of checks and balances"
}, {
"itemType": "FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP",
"questionText": "The signing of the Magna Carta in 1215 and the Glorious Revolution in 1688 were key events in English history because they resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "limiting the power of the monarchy",
"incorrectText1": "creating alliances with France",
"incorrectText2": "defeating Protestant nobles",
"incorrectText3": "annexing territory"
}, {
"itemType": "MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI",
"questionText": "Many Enlightenment philosophers used reason to",
"correctAnswerText": "reveal natural laws",
"incorrectText1": "reinforce traditional beliefs",
"incorrectText2": "strengthen religious authority",
"incorrectText3": "encourage censorship"
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "The unification of Germany under Otto von Bismarck demonstrates the",
"correctAnswerText": "impact of nationalism",
"incorrectText1": "influence of Marxist ideology",
"incorrectText2": "force of civil disobedience",
"incorrectText3": "power of democratic ideals"
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "What was a result of the Industrial Revolution in Europe?",
"correctAnswerText": "the growth of the middle class",
"incorrectText1": "an increase in nomadic herding",
"incorrectText2": "a decline in urban population",
"incorrectText3": "a decrease in international trade"
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "One reason the Suez Canal has been of strategic importance to countries other than Egypt was that the canal",
"correctAnswerText": "allowed for faster movement between the North Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean",
"incorrectText1": "enabled Europeans to explore the Western Hemisphere",
"incorrectText2": "made it easier for Russia to gain control of Afghanistan",
"incorrectText3": "provided the Austro-Hungarian Empire with access to its colonies in South Asia"
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "Much of which area of the world came under European colonial control in the 19th century?",
"correctAnswerText": "Africa",
"incorrectText1": "Japan",
"incorrectText2": "Southwest Asia",
"incorrectText3": "Latin America"
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "A similarity between the Sepoy Rebellion in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China is that both were",
"correctAnswerText": "attempts to remove foreign influence",
"incorrectText1": "movements to establish communist governments",
"incorrectText2": "efforts to restore trade monopolies",
"incorrectText3": "struggles to westernize cultures"
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "One reason the League of Nations failed as a world organization was that it",
"correctAnswerText": "lacked a military force to settle conflicts",
"incorrectText1": "supported the rise of fascist states",
"incorrectText2": "dealt with conflict by establishing naval blockades",
"incorrectText3": "encouraged the annexation of territory by force"
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "Japan�s invasion of China in 1937 and Germany�s attack on Poland in 1939 led directly to",
"correctAnswerText": "the beginning of World War II in Asia and Europe",
"incorrectText1": "a meeting at Yalta between the United States and the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText2": "a conference at Munich for European leaders",
"incorrectText3": "the withdrawal of Britain and France from European affairs"
}, {
"itemType": "0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ",
"questionText": "The Nuremberg Trials are considered an important event in the 20th century because they",
"correctAnswerText": "established principles of responsibility for human rights violations",
"incorrectText1": "brought an end to genocide",
"incorrectText2": "condemned the use of nuclear weapons",
"incorrectText3": "ruled on provisions for the postwar occupation of Germany"
}, {
"itemType": "LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z",
"questionText": "The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was initially formed to",
"correctAnswerText": "defend Western Europe from Soviet aggression",
"incorrectText1": "promote religious freedom",
"incorrectText2": "isolate member nations from the rest of the world",
"incorrectText3": "stop the flow of immigration between member nations"
}, {
"itemType": "6J6SIRWPNI6IONR",
"questionText": "What was one social change Mao Zedong instituted in China after 1949?",
"correctAnswerText": "granting legal equality for men and women",
"incorrectText1": "requiring arranged marriages",
"incorrectText2": "adopting the practice of foot binding",
"incorrectText3": "mandating Confucianism as the state philosophy"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "Which statement about the United Nations is a fact rather than an opinion?",
"correctAnswerText": "The membership of the United Nations has increased since its formation.",
"incorrectText1": "The United Nations has too many committees to be effective.",
"incorrectText2": "The United Nations would be more efficient if its headquarters moved to Europe.",
"incorrectText3": "The United Nations has successfully met most of its goals."
}, {
"itemType": "TX38PQXUNZK77UN",
"questionText": "Which document is most closely associated with the Arab-Israeli conflict?",
"correctAnswerText": "Balfour Declaration",
"incorrectText1": "Kyoto Protocol",
"incorrectText2": "Communist Manifesto",
"incorrectText3": "Treaty of Nanjing"
}, {
"itemType": "IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW",
"questionText": "-Reliance on Imported Oil Raises Concerns in China, Europe, and the United States- -Coca-Cola Accused of Wasting Precious Water in India- -Competition for Control of Cobalt Mines Causes Violence in Congo-. These headlines best illustrate the economic concept of",
"correctAnswerText": "scarcity of resources",
"incorrectText1": "inflation",
"incorrectText2": "embargo",
"incorrectText3": "boycott of goods"
}, {
"itemType": "B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68",
"questionText": "Rapid industrialization in developing nations has often resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "a growing gap between the rich and the poor",
"incorrectText1": "little growth in urban centers",
"incorrectText2": "decreases in the levels of pollution",
"incorrectText3": "the continuation of traditional ideas in the workplace"
}, {
"itemType": "Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV",
"questionText": "One way in which the Aswan Dam in Egypt and the Three Gorges Dam in China are similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "harness natural forces to produce energy",
"incorrectText1": "convert salt water to freshwater",
"incorrectText2": "provide fertilizers for agricultural production",
"incorrectText3": "connect small bodies of water to larger bodies of water"
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "One way in which the actions of Alexander the Great, Saladin, and Shaka Zulu are similar is that each implemented",
"correctAnswerText": "military strategies to defeat opponents",
"incorrectText1": "constitutions to define political powers",
"incorrectText2": "policies to increase religious persecution",
"incorrectText3": "legal changes to protect human rights"
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "In the traditional Hindu caste system and in the social hierarchy of colonial Latin America, the status of a person was usually determined by",
"correctAnswerText": "birth",
"incorrectText1": "education",
"incorrectText2": "wealth",
"incorrectText3": "power"
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "One way in which the travels of Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta are similar is that each",
"correctAnswerText": "stimulated interest in other cultures",
"incorrectText1": "started mass migrations from Europe",
"incorrectText2": "led to the establishment of colonies",
"incorrectText3": "resulted in archaeological discoveries in Africa"
}, {
"itemType": "I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ",
"questionText": "Between 1300 and 1600, which economic system began to develop as a result of the transformation in global trade?",
"correctAnswerText": "capitalism",
"incorrectText1": "socialism",
"incorrectText2": "communism",
"incorrectText3": "manorialism"
}, {
"itemType": "6KQZN538LCU7K9W",
"questionText": "The combined usage of the caravel, compass, and astrolabe in the late 1400s helped bring about the",
"correctAnswerText": "exploration of the Americas",
"incorrectText1": " migration of the Bantu",
"incorrectText2": "introduction of Buddhism to East Asia",
"incorrectText3": "voyages of Zheng He"
}, {
"itemType": "XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG",
"questionText": "� Focus on individual achievement � Use of classical Greek and Roman ideas � Artistic works of Leonardo da Vinci Which time period is most closely associated with these characteristics?",
"correctAnswerText": "Early Middle Ages",
"incorrectText1": "Hellenistic Golden Age",
"incorrectText2": "European Renaissance",
"incorrectText3": "Scientific Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "LFNB87QHK1KPSO1",
"questionText": "� Romans destroy the temple in Jerusalem. � British officials partition India. � Hutus and Tutsis fight in Rwandan civil war.. One way in which these events are similar is that each resulted in the",
"correctAnswerText": "emigration of people from their homelands",
"incorrectText1": "establishment of uniform legal codes",
"incorrectText2": "intervention of coalition military forces",
"incorrectText3": "acceptance of new political boundaries"
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "Which of these groups were the major supporters of 20th-century communist revolutions?",
"correctAnswerText": "workers and peasants",
"incorrectText1": "priests and artisans",
"incorrectText2": "bourgeoisie and nobility",
"incorrectText3": "entrepreneurs and capitalists"
}, {
"itemType": "34BUUBUS07QUA6M",
"questionText": "� Analyzing the design of a Shang bronze pot � Deciphering the writing on the Rosetta Stone � Examining the fabric of a Japanese kimono. These actions are most often performed by",
"correctAnswerText": "an archaeologist",
"incorrectText1": "a political scientist",
"incorrectText2": "a sociologist",
"incorrectText3": "a geographer"
}, {
"itemType": "NORRDWZROR868GG",
"questionText": "The term monsoons can be defined as",
"correctAnswerText": "seasonal winds",
"incorrectText1": "sand deposits",
"incorrectText2": "ocean currents",
"incorrectText3": "mountain avalanches"
}, {
"itemType": "20E6K97FCPOIUK3",
"questionText": "An economist is a social scientist who focuses on the study of the",
"correctAnswerText": "production and exchange of goods and services",
"incorrectText1": "development of spiritual practices",
"incorrectText2": "establishment of legal systems",
"incorrectText3": "creation and implementation of social class systems"
}, {
"itemType": "B7PFLDEF4F7G29R",
"questionText": "Which geographic feature served as a barrier that protected ancient China and was used as an invasion route by the Aryans into ancient India?",
"correctAnswerText": "mountains",
"incorrectText1": "deserts",
"incorrectText2": "rivers",
"incorrectText3": "plateaus"
}, {
"itemType": "5MH112LCJ8OZFJM",
"questionText": "One way in which The Epic of Gilgamesh, The Odyssey, and The Mahabharata are similar is that they are",
"correctAnswerText": "works of literature that give historiansinformation about early civilizations",
"incorrectText1": "sets of written legal principles that spell out the rights of citizens",
"incorrectText2": "stories that are tied to monotheistic religious beliefs",
"incorrectText3": "paintings that depict heroes and cultural values"
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "� Preserved Hindu traditions � Produced fine poems and drama � Made advances in mathematics, science, and medicine. These achievements refer to contributions of the",
"correctAnswerText": "Gupta Empire",
"incorrectText1": "Greek city-states",
"incorrectText2": "Persian Empire",
"incorrectText3": "Tang dynasty"
}, {
"itemType": "9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ",
"questionText": "Which statement about China is a fact rather than an opinion?",
"correctAnswerText": "The Mandate of Heaven was an idea developed in ancient China.",
"incorrectText1": "Flooding was the worst disaster to affect ancient Chinese civilizations.",
"incorrectText2": "Early Chinese civilizations were the most important civilizations in the world.",
"incorrectText3": "Dynastic governments were highly effective in China."
}, {
"itemType": "CRTDFM43DP4R453",
"questionText": "The leadership of Genghis Khan, the use of the stirrup, and excellent horsemanship skills all contributed directly to the",
"correctAnswerText": "rise of the Mongol Empire",
"incorrectText1": "collapse of Silk Road trade",
"incorrectText2": "defeat of Tokugawa Japan",
"incorrectText3": "beginning of European exploration"
}, {
"itemType": "FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR",
"questionText": "Which river was essential to the survival of the West African kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai?",
"correctAnswerText": "Niger",
"incorrectText1": "Thames",
"incorrectText2": "Indus",
"incorrectText3": "Euphrates"
}, {
"itemType": "6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor contributed to the rise of the Renaissance in Italian city-states?",
"correctAnswerText": "location near the coast of the Mediterranean Sea",
"incorrectText1": " mountainous terrain of the Alps",
"incorrectText2": "navigable waters of the Danube River",
"incorrectText3": "ease of travel on the Northern European Plain"
}, {
"itemType": "5WFRV6D1AF857M2",
"questionText": "A main goal of the monarchs of Europe during the Age of Absolutism was to",
"correctAnswerText": "centralize political power",
"incorrectText1": "establish legislative bodies",
"incorrectText2": "improve the quality of life for the peasant class",
"incorrectText3": "expand the role of the Catholic Church"
}, {
"itemType": "ICALETH1G91HXTE",
"questionText": "The use of the terms Encounter and Columbian exchange represents attempts to describe the",
"correctAnswerText": "nature of cultural interactions",
"incorrectText1": "establishment of land grants",
"incorrectText2": "results of scientific innovations",
"incorrectText3": "origins of divine right theory"
}, {
"itemType": "6HN4D643RTBD5SO",
"questionText": "The Middle Passage is best defined as",
"correctAnswerText": "the forced journey of enslaved Africans to the Americas",
"incorrectText1": "a route through the Swiss Alps",
"incorrectText2": "a narrow body of water connecting two larger bodies of water",
"incorrectText3": "the expulsion of Muslims from Spain"
}, {
"itemType": "5KYWZNHEGDGC56G",
"questionText": "Which pair of ideas were central to the Scientific Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "observation and experimentation",
"incorrectText1": "social stability and economic self-sufficiency",
"incorrectText2": "technology and military expansion",
"incorrectText3": "scarcity and interdependence"
}, {
"itemType": "5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK",
"questionText": "Jean-Jacques Rousseau and John Locke both agreed that a government should be based on the",
"correctAnswerText": "consent of the governed",
"incorrectText1": "separation of nationalities",
"incorrectText2": "religious values of the people",
"incorrectText3": "equal distribution of wealth"
}, {
"itemType": "8L2TET9XHNDJDY6",
"questionText": "Which of these events related to the French Revolution occurred first?",
"correctAnswerText": "Louis XVI called the Estates General into session.",
"incorrectText1": "Napoleon became emperor of France.",
"incorrectText2": "The Declaration of the Rights of Man was issued.",
"incorrectText3": "The Committee of Public Safety led the Reign of Terror."
}, {
"itemType": "A21ZEU2LRRWODOM",
"questionText": "Japan�s policy of expansion in the early 20th century was motivated by",
"correctAnswerText": "a lack of natural resources",
"incorrectText1": "a plan to end unequal treaties",
"incorrectText2": "the need to increase cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText3": "the desire to spread communism"
}, {
"itemType": "6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ",
"questionText": "Five-year plans and collectivization are most closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "Joseph Stalin",
"incorrectText1": "Adolf Hitler",
"incorrectText2": "Mikhail Gorbachev",
"incorrectText3": "Deng Xiaoping"
}, {
"itemType": "LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0",
"questionText": "A major goal of the Hutu-led regime in Rwanda in mid-1994 was to",
"correctAnswerText": "eliminate the Tutsi minority",
"incorrectText1": "align with the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText2": "promote ethnic tolerance",
"incorrectText3": "strengthen ties with Belgium"
}, {
"itemType": "4M68F8AH54RB0JZ",
"questionText": "The -one child- policy in China, established during the late 1970s, was an attempt to",
"correctAnswerText": "reduce the population growth rate",
"incorrectText1": "gain the support of the upper classes",
"incorrectText2": "increase tax revenue for government programs",
"incorrectText3": "eliminate Western influence"
}, {
"itemType": "R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ",
"questionText": "The gathering at Amritsar (1919), the rallies in Soweto (1976), and the demonstrations in Tiananmen Square (1989) directly resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "violence against the protestors",
"incorrectText1": "rejection of Western ideas",
"incorrectText2": "promises of economic reform",
"incorrectText3": "movements toward democracy"
}, {
"itemType": "9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV",
"questionText": "-Japan Presses Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Policy on Southeast Asia- -Tokyo Is Firebombed- -Atom Bomb Dropped on Nagasaki-. Which period of Japanese history is associated with these headlines?",
"correctAnswerText": "reign of Emperor Hirohito",
"incorrectText1": "Tokugawa shogunate",
"incorrectText2": "Meiji Restoration",
"incorrectText3": "Japan�s economic miracle"
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "Which historic figure is correctly paired with the empire he ruled?",
"correctAnswerText": "Justinian � Byzantine Empire",
"incorrectText1": "Charlemagne � Spanish Empire",
"incorrectText2": "Peter the Great � Ottoman Empire",
"incorrectText3": "Sulieman the Magnificent � Russian Empire"
}, {
"itemType": "2WTN2EZKLD1NA2I",
"questionText": "Which condition characterized Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire and China after the fall of the Manchu dynasty?",
"correctAnswerText": "weak centralized authority and interference from outsiders",
"incorrectText1": "renewed interest in artistic pursuits such as painting and sculpture",
"incorrectText2": "democratic rule and a coordinated economic policy",
"incorrectText3": "increased construction of roads, bridges, and other public works"
}, {
"itemType": "5S395ACMQUGANID",
"questionText": "Which action led most directly to divisions in Christianity in western Europe?",
"correctAnswerText": "Martin Luther posting the Ninety-five Theses",
"incorrectText1": "Pope Urban II calling for the Crusades",
"incorrectText2": "King John signing the Magna Carta",
"incorrectText3": "German cities establishing the Hanseatic League"
}, {
"itemType": "C3G8TIBPN3R75J7",
"questionText": "Advances in navigation technology and the desire of Europeans to obtain goods from Asia are most closely associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "Age of Exploration",
"incorrectText1": "rise of feudalism",
"incorrectText2": "Agricultural Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "Age of Reason"
}, {
"itemType": "N5DKB90KJBRZ7LK",
"questionText": "A key objective of a mercantilist policy was to",
"correctAnswerText": "establish colonies for trade benefits",
"incorrectText1": "promote warfare throughout Europe",
"incorrectText2": "develop assembly lines in factories",
"incorrectText3": "support the spread of communist ideas"
}, {
"itemType": "LDLBICMUYYJJXFM",
"questionText": "The Puritan Revolution and the Glorious Revolution are both closely associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "rise of parliamentary democracy in England",
"incorrectText1": "expansion of Papal authority in Rome",
"incorrectText2": "beginning of the Reconquista in Spain",
"incorrectText3": "calling of the Congress of Vienna"
}, {
"itemType": "ADH99R0N2E3WDB2",
"questionText": "Which policy is most directly associated with the terms spheres of influence, extraterritoriality, and protectorate?",
"correctAnswerText": "imperialism",
"incorrectText1": "collectivization",
"incorrectText2": "isolationism",
"incorrectText3": "containment"
}, {
"itemType": "DKJONPHAWJ9F1J9",
"questionText": "The invasions of Russia by France in 1812 and by Germany in World War II were unsuccessful in part because of the",
"correctAnswerText": "harsh climatic conditions in Russia",
"incorrectText1": "Russian alliances with China",
"incorrectText2": "inexperience of French and German military leaders",
"incorrectText3": "failure of France and Germany to develop modern weapons"
}, {
"itemType": "QLTUBWXXSER5L1O",
"questionText": "Which event came first in Latin American history?",
"correctAnswerText": "Sim�n Bol�var established Gran Colombia.",
"incorrectText1": "Panama regained control of the Panama Canal.",
"incorrectText2": "Fidel Castro became the communist leader of Cuba.",
"incorrectText3": "The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was signed by Mexico, Canada, and the United States."
}]
},
{
"itemId": "BD52813D523CB238D26CB7A",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2011 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2011 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [
{
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "Why is Southeast Asia considered a crossroads?",
"correctAnswerText": "A number of trade routes intersect.Large deposits of oil are available.",
"incorrectText1": "A single culture is dominant.",
"incorrectText2": "Rivers serve as highways.",
"incorrectText3": ""
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "In which economic system used by early civilizations are decisions about the distribution of goods based primarily on customs, beliefs, and habits?",
"correctAnswerText": "traditional",
"incorrectText1": "mixed",
"incorrectText2": "free-market",
"incorrectText3": "command"
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "The Neolithic Revolution is often considered a turning point in history because",
"correctAnswerText": "permanent settlements developed in river valleys",
"incorrectText1": "city dwellers learned to control fire",
"incorrectText2": "societies became more nomadic",
"incorrectText3": "nuclear families evolved into extended families"
}, {
"itemType": "V1LX77TKH98RRK5",
"questionText": "Filial piety and the five relationships are most often associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "Confucianism",
"incorrectText1": "Hinduism",
"incorrectText2": "animism",
"incorrectText3": "Daoism"
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "Which name identifies the region located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers?",
"correctAnswerText": "Mesopotamia",
"incorrectText1": "Cape of Good Hope",
"incorrectText2": "Sinai Peninsula",
"incorrectText3": "Horn of Africa"
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "The best definition of subsistence agriculture is",
"correctAnswerText": "producing just enough food for a family�s use",
"incorrectText1": "supplying crops for overseas exports",
"incorrectText2": "bartering crops for manufactured goods",
"incorrectText3": "storing surplus food in case of famine"
}, {
"itemType": "W51PW4MEE1QROQ1",
"questionText": "Which geographic feature most directly influenced the development of Greek city-states?",
"correctAnswerText": "mountainous terrain",
"incorrectText1": "deserts",
"incorrectText2": "vast plains",
"incorrectText3": "monsoons"
}, {
"itemType": "5XGL523ABIUTY7R",
"questionText": "Which development is most closely associated with the beginning of the Byzantine Empire?",
"correctAnswerText": "division of the Roman Empire",
"incorrectText1": "emergence of the Russian Orthodox Church",
"incorrectText2": "building of the Hagia Sophia",
"incorrectText3": "fall of Constantinople"
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "� Creation of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad � Development of algebra � Use of calligraphy as an art form. Which Golden Age is most closely associated with these achievements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Islamic",
"incorrectText1": "Tang",
"incorrectText2": "Gupta",
"incorrectText3": "Songhai"
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta are best known for",
"correctAnswerText": "providing extensive information about lands and people",
"incorrectText1": "exploring the Western Hemisphere",
"incorrectText2": "leading religious movements",
"incorrectText3": "opening trade between Africa and Japan"
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "� Stained glass windows assist people in understanding Biblical stories. � Taller and larger cathedrals emphasize the grandeur and glory of God. These statements best describe elements of",
"correctAnswerText": "Gothic architecture",
"incorrectText1": "the Four Noble Truths",
"incorrectText2": "Chinese pagodas",
"incorrectText3": "Greek ideas"
}, {
"itemType": "3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5",
"questionText": "Which statement is an opinion rather than a fact?",
"correctAnswerText": "Mali would have flourished without Mansa Musa�s influence.",
"incorrectText1": "Mansa Musa made a pilgrimage to Mecca.",
"incorrectText2": "Mali�s economy was based on the gold and salt trade.",
"incorrectText3": "Timbuktu became a center for Islamic learning."
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": "One similarity between the Nile River valley and savanna lands in Africa is that they both",
"correctAnswerText": "provided necessary resources for settlement",
"incorrectText1": "served as major barriers to the movement of people and goods",
"incorrectText2": "are located on the western side of the continent",
"incorrectText3": "had little effect on the lives of the people who lived in these regions"
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "By closing Japanese harbors to most foreigners in the 1600s, the Tokugawa shogunate attempted to",
"correctAnswerText": "protect Japan from European influence",
"incorrectText1": "increase Japanese agricultural production",
"incorrectText2": "eliminate Japan�s influence on Southeast Asia",
"incorrectText3": "destroy traditional Japanese culture"
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": "The Ottomans were a strong trading empire through the mid-1600s because they",
"correctAnswerText": "controlled access to the eastern Mediterranean Sea",
"incorrectText1": "had the most powerful navy in the world",
"incorrectText2": "dominated West African caravan routes",
"incorrectText3": "conquered most of Asia"
}, {
"itemType": "8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS",
"questionText": "One way in which the Aztec and Inca civilizations are similar is that they both",
"correctAnswerText": "developed advanced architectural techniques",
"incorrectText1": "defeated the Spanish conquistadors",
"incorrectText2": "lacked strong central governments",
"incorrectText3": "settled primarily in river valleys"
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": "One effect of the encomienda system in Latin America was that it",
"correctAnswerText": "exploited indigenous peoples",
"incorrectText1": "eliminated the use of guilds",
"incorrectText2": "promoted isolationism",
"incorrectText3": "reduced Spanish influence"
}, {
"itemType": "9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF",
"questionText": "The Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the English Bill of Rights led the English government to develop a political system in which",
"correctAnswerText": "rulers were responsible to the people",
"incorrectText1": "religious authorities controlled the lawmaking process",
"incorrectText2": "the power of the monarch came from God",
"incorrectText3": "the individual was denied a trial by jury"
}, {
"itemType": "HARJ6XE78XNCXSA",
"questionText": "Which statement accurately reflects population changes that occurred as a result of the Age of Exploration?",
"correctAnswerText": "Most Latin American populations became more culturally diverse.",
"incorrectText1": "One third of Europe�s population died due to exposure to diseases from the Americas.",
"incorrectText2": "The introduction of goods from the Americas caused a decline in Asian populations.",
"incorrectText3": "Native Americans migrated to Africa causing increases in African populations."
}, {
"itemType": "8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A",
"questionText": "Enlightenment thinkers encouraged the improvement of society through the",
"correctAnswerText": "use of reason",
"incorrectText1": "teachings of the church",
"incorrectText2": "development of absolutism",
"incorrectText3": "establishment of a rigid social hierarchy"
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "-Angry Mob Destroys Bastille- -Robespierre�s Execution Ends Reign of Terror- -Napoleon Seizes Power- Which country�s revolution is referred to in these headlines?",
"correctAnswerText": "France",
"incorrectText1": "Spain",
"incorrectText2": "Austria",
"incorrectText3": "Russia"
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": "The slogan -Blood and Iron- and a united Germany are most closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "Otto von Bismarck",
"incorrectText1": "Prince Metternich",
"incorrectText2": "Camillo Cavour",
"incorrectText3": "Sim�n Bol�var"
}, {
"itemType": "HSF4BRDGX2SXB69",
"questionText": "Which pair of natural resources were used to change transportation and manufacturing in Great Britain during the Industrial Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "coal and iron ore",
"incorrectText1": "gold and salt",
"incorrectText2": "diamonds and petroleum",
"incorrectText3": "copper and tin"
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "What is one reason for Japan�s involvement in the first Sino-Japanese War and the annexation of Korea?",
"correctAnswerText": "pursuit of imperialistic goals",
"incorrectText1": "reaction to foreign invasions",
"incorrectText2": "institution of five-year plans",
"incorrectText3": "need for a warm-water port"
}, {
"itemType": "IR07J676OISB4HU",
"questionText": "One similarity between the Sepoy Rebellion in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China is that both were",
"correctAnswerText": "attempts to end foreign interference",
"incorrectText1": "religious reform movements",
"incorrectText2": "reactions to the opium trade",
"incorrectText3": "successful revolts against absolute monarchs"
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "Between 1923 and 1938, which leader instituted a modernization program in Turkey?",
"correctAnswerText": "Kemal Atat�rk",
"incorrectText1": "Shah Reza Pahlavi",
"incorrectText2": "Jawaharlal Nehru",
"incorrectText3": "Ho Chi Minh"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "The rise of fascism in Germany between World War I and World War II is often associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "impact of the global economic depression",
"incorrectText1": "promotion of ethnic diversity",
"incorrectText2": "appeal of the doctrine of nonviolence",
"incorrectText3": "establishment of a strong parliamentary system"
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "One way in which the conquest of Manchuria by the Japanese (1931) and the annexation of Czechoslovakia by Germany (1939) are similar is that these actions",
"correctAnswerText": "demonstrated the weakness of the League of Nations",
"incorrectText1": " marked the end of the aggressive expansion of these nations",
"incorrectText2": "reestablished the balance of power in the world",
"incorrectText3": " led to the Long March"
}, {
"itemType": "3S3OX0N305A2N1R",
"questionText": "During World War II, the importance of the D-Day invasion of 1944 was that it",
"correctAnswerText": "forced Germany to fight on multiple fronts",
"incorrectText1": "made Germany move their military to the Russian front",
"incorrectText2": "ended the bombing of Germany",
"incorrectText3": "demonstrated German military dominance"
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "People would prefer their own bad government rather than submit to the good government of a foreign power. Which concept is characterized by this statement?",
"correctAnswerText": "nationalism",
"incorrectText1": "socialism",
"incorrectText2": "communism",
"incorrectText3": "militarism"
}, {
"itemType": "YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP",
"questionText": "Which function of the United Nations is based on the concept of collective security?",
"correctAnswerText": "coordinating global peacekeeping",
"incorrectText1": "providing health services",
"incorrectText2": "monitoring educational programs",
"incorrectText3": "assisting in agricultural research"
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "Which region is most closely associated with conflict in the West Bank, Golan Heights, and the Sinai Peninsula?",
"correctAnswerText": "Middle East",
"incorrectText1": "East Africa",
"incorrectText2": "Western Europe",
"incorrectText3": "Central Asia"
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "In the 1990s, which two countries dominated the headlines because genocide was occurring in those countries?",
"correctAnswerText": "Sudan and Rwanda",
"incorrectText1": "Switzerland and Poland",
"incorrectText2": "Vietnam and Singapore",
"incorrectText3": "Costa Rica and Jamaica"
}, {
"itemType": "9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI",
"questionText": "Which leader�s policies included glasnost and perestroika?",
"correctAnswerText": "Mikhail Gorbachev",
"incorrectText1": "Fidel Castro",
"incorrectText2": "Nikita Khrushchev",
"incorrectText3": "Deng Xiaoping"
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "An objective of the European Union (EU) for the early 21st century is to",
"correctAnswerText": "further integrate its economic system",
"incorrectText1": "withdraw from its military alliances",
"incorrectText2": "establish a nuclear buffer zone",
"incorrectText3": "limit production of alternative fuels"
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "-Contaminated Food from China Sold in the United States- -Computer Virus Shuts Down Hundreds of Businesses Worldwide- -Multinational Corporations Relocate Factories- These headlines are directly related to",
"correctAnswerText": "economic interdependence",
"incorrectText1": "world hunger",
"incorrectText2": "overpopulation",
"incorrectText3": "global warming"
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "One way in which knights, samurai, and warlords are similar is that they all",
"correctAnswerText": "held positions of power in feudal systems",
"incorrectText1": "were traditional religious leaders",
"incorrectText2": "occupied military posts in the Chinese Empire",
"incorrectText3": "expelled the Moors from Spain"
}, {
"itemType": "M6L7YCS6YVBNI48",
"questionText": "In what way did the rivers of Russia influence its history?",
"correctAnswerText": "They provided a network for trade between the Byzantine Empire and Russia.",
"incorrectText1": "They allowed Japan to defeat Russia in the Russo-Japanese War.",
"incorrectText2": "They were used by Napoleon to invade Russia.",
"incorrectText3": "They gave the Mongols a route to conquer Russia."
}, {
"itemType": "QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD",
"questionText": "� Vasco da Gama discovered an all-water route from Europe to India. � Ferdinand Magellan�s crew circumnavigated the globe. � Issac Newton defined the forces of gravity. These events relate most directly to",
"correctAnswerText": "revised understandings of natural surroundings",
"incorrectText1": "questioning the benefits of the mercantile system",
"incorrectText2": "increased suspicion between different religions",
"incorrectText3": "development of new manufacturing techniques"
}, {
"itemType": "IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU",
"questionText": "One way in which King Louis XVI of France and Czar Nicholas II of Russia are similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "were executed by revolutionaries",
"incorrectText1": "were known as great military leaders",
"incorrectText2": "advocated religious reform",
"incorrectText3": "supported the emancipation of serfs"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "Porfirio Diaz, Francisco -Pancho- Villa, and Emiliano Zapata are best known for their struggles in the",
"correctAnswerText": "Mexican Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Haitian independence movement",
"incorrectText2": "Nicaraguan War",
"incorrectText3": "Cuban Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "Which region is most closely associated with the event with which it is paired?",
"correctAnswerText": "Eastern Europe�Berlin Airlift",
"incorrectText1": "Central Africa�calling for the Crusades by Pope Urban II",
"incorrectText2": "East Asia�issuing of the Balfour Declaration",
"incorrectText3": "South America�Munich Conference "
}, {
"itemType": "UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U",
"questionText": "An economist who focused on ancient societies would most likely study the",
"correctAnswerText": "development of trade",
"incorrectText1": "evolution of family patterns",
"incorrectText2": "effect of fire on the lives of the people",
"incorrectText3": "role of religion in river valley civilizations"
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "Knowing the latitude of a location would be most helpful in determining",
"correctAnswerText": "temperature",
"incorrectText1": "language",
"incorrectText2": "population",
"incorrectText3": "time"
}, {
"itemType": "FX96LMXJUNBPTWL",
"questionText": "Which statement about the Neolithic Revolution is an opinion rather than a fact?",
"correctAnswerText": "Early peoples made greater cultural advancements than did people of later civilizations.",
"incorrectText1": "The Neolithic Revolution resulted in changes for nomadic peoples.",
"incorrectText2": "New technology was developed during the Neolithic Revolution.",
"incorrectText3": "Agricultural developments resulted in the establishment of permanent settlements."
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": "The concept of zero, the expansion of the caste system, and the creation of the decimal system are most closely associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "Gupta Empire",
"incorrectText1": "Inca Empire",
"incorrectText2": "Song dynasty",
"incorrectText3": "Tokugawa shogunate"
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "During the European Middle Ages, guilds were created to",
"correctAnswerText": "standardize goods and prices",
"incorrectText1": "obtain better working conditions in factories",
"incorrectText2": "regulate the money supply",
"incorrectText3": "increase competition"
}, {
"itemType": "HI4X8VLDXB6CU97",
"questionText": "Both Ibn Battuta and Mansa Musa demonstrated their religious values by",
"correctAnswerText": "making a pilgrimage to Mecca",
"incorrectText1": "meditating along the banks of the Ganges River",
"incorrectText2": "converting Africans to Christianity",
"incorrectText3": "visiting the wailing wall in Jerusalem"
}, {
"itemType": "38CTTRF38X7325C",
"questionText": "Which action is linked to the spread of the Black Death to Europe during the 14th century?",
"correctAnswerText": "trade with Asia",
"incorrectText1": "conquest of Japan",
"incorrectText2": "trade across the Sahara",
"incorrectText3": "exploration of the Western Hemisphere"
}, {
"itemType": "BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9",
"questionText": "What was one ideal of Renaissance humanism?",
"correctAnswerText": "investigating areas of interest and fulfilling one�s potential",
"incorrectText1": "training as a knight and practicing chivalry",
"incorrectText2": "obeying divine right monarchs and the church",
"incorrectText3": "living apart from the world and taking monastic vows"
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "� Captured the city of Constantinople in 1453 � Benefited from rich trade along the Mediterranean Sea � Ruled by Suleiman the Lawgiver. Which empire best fits these descriptions?",
"correctAnswerText": "Ottoman",
"incorrectText1": "Roman",
"incorrectText2": "Mongol",
"incorrectText3": "Songhai"
}, {
"itemType": "SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ",
"questionText": "One way in which the Ming dynasty in the early 1400s and the Spanish monarchy in the late 1400s are similar is that both governments",
"correctAnswerText": "supported the expansion of overseas trade",
"incorrectText1": "promoted religious diversity",
"incorrectText2": "encouraged democratic reforms",
"incorrectText3": "emphasized equal rights for women"
}, {
"itemType": "FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP",
"questionText": "What was one effect of the Columbian exchange on European society?",
"correctAnswerText": "The population increased with the introduction of new foods.",
"incorrectText1": "Migration to the Americas declined.",
"incorrectText2": "Horses were acquired for the first time.",
"incorrectText3": "The Christian Church was divided into Roman Catholic and Orthodox."
}, {
"itemType": "YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3",
"questionText": "During the first Global Age (A.D. 1450�1770), European countries obtained both a source of raw materials and a reliable market for their finished goods by developing",
"correctAnswerText": "the policy of mercantilism",
"incorrectText1": "laissez-faire principles",
"incorrectText2": "trade cooperatives",
"incorrectText3": "forts along the Silk Roads"
}, {
"itemType": "MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI",
"questionText": "One way in which Akbar the Great, Ivan the Terrible, and Louis XIV are similar is that they were all",
"correctAnswerText": "absolute rulers",
"incorrectText1": "theocratic rulers",
"incorrectText2": "elected leaders",
"incorrectText3": "enlightened despots"
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "-The French Revolution is most important for having changed subjects to citizens.- This statement emphasizes the shift from",
"correctAnswerText": "divine right rule to people�s participation in government",
"incorrectText1": "religious traditions to secular values",
"incorrectText2": "rural lifestyles to urban lifestyles",
"incorrectText3": "private property ownership to government ownership"
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "Which geographic condition contributed to the defeat of Napoleon�s troops during the invasion of Russia?",
"correctAnswerText": "harsh winter",
"incorrectText1": "drought",
"incorrectText2": "severe flooding",
"incorrectText3": "typhoons"
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "One reason for the mass migration of many Irish to North America in the 19th century was",
"correctAnswerText": "a series of crop failures",
"incorrectText1": "enforcement of a military draft",
"incorrectText2": "civil war in Ireland",
"incorrectText3": "an outbreak of malaria"
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "Which statement best reflects an effect of imperialism in Africa?",
"correctAnswerText": "Natural resources were exploited for the benefit of European powers.",
"incorrectText1": "Land was distributed equally between social classes.",
"incorrectText2": "Territorial divisions were primarily established using tribal boundaries.",
"incorrectText3": "Timbuktu became the center of great learning."
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "Which event is considered the immediate cause of World War I?",
"correctAnswerText": "assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand",
"incorrectText1": "signing of the Treaty of Versailles",
"incorrectText2": "invasion of Poland by Germany",
"incorrectText3": "use of unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany"
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "Which reform was included in Atat�rk�s efforts to modernize Turkey?",
"correctAnswerText": "granting women the right to vote",
"incorrectText1": "reintroducing strict Islamic law",
"incorrectText2": "adopting Arabic script",
"incorrectText3": "requiring men to wear a fez"
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "Which political leader gained power as a result of the failing economy of the Weimar Republic?",
"correctAnswerText": "Adolf Hitler",
"incorrectText1": "Benito Mussolini",
"incorrectText2": "Francisco Franco",
"incorrectText3": "Charles de Gaulle"
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "During the Cold War, nations that adopted a policy of nonalignment believed they should",
"correctAnswerText": "follow a course independent of the superpowers",
"incorrectText1": "be exempt from United Nations decisions",
"incorrectText2": "restrict trade with neighboring countries",
"incorrectText3": "reject international environmental treaties"
}, {
"itemType": "0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ",
"questionText": "The use of the Marshall Plan in Western Europe after World War II strengthened the forces of",
"correctAnswerText": "democracy",
"incorrectText1": "isolationism",
"incorrectText2": "communism",
"incorrectText3": "autocracy"
}, {
"itemType": "LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z",
"questionText": "What was a direct result of the Four Modernizations introduced in China by Deng Xiaoping?",
"correctAnswerText": "Economic opportunities were expanded.",
"incorrectText1": "Freedom of speech was guaranteed.",
"incorrectText2": "Goods and services were evenly distributed.",
"incorrectText3": "Fewer consumer goods were produced."
}, {
"itemType": "6J6SIRWPNI6IONR",
"questionText": "Which pair of countries that gained independence in the 20th century experienced the migration of millions of people across their shared borders due to religious tensions?",
"correctAnswerText": "India and Pakistan",
"incorrectText1": "Czech Republic and Slovakia",
"incorrectText2": "Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan",
"incorrectText3": "Egypt and Libya"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "A goal of modern-day religious fundamentalism is to",
"correctAnswerText": "maintain traditional religious values in society",
"incorrectText1": "combine the religious teachings of Islam and Christianity",
"incorrectText2": "encourage the practice of other religions",
"incorrectText3": "adopt secular attitudes instead of religious beliefs"
}, {
"itemType": "TX38PQXUNZK77UN",
"questionText": "What have members of the European Union (EU) and countries of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) both attempted to do?",
"correctAnswerText": "reduce regional trade barriers",
"incorrectText1": "monopolize iron and steel production",
"incorrectText2": "establish collective farms",
"incorrectText3": "seize control of the production and distribution of resources"
}, {
"itemType": "IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW",
"questionText": "The desire of the Kurds and of the Palestinians for independent states is based on the principle of",
"correctAnswerText": "nationalism",
"incorrectText1": "free trade",
"incorrectText2": "collective security",
"incorrectText3": "modernization"
}, {
"itemType": "B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68",
"questionText": "Which leader is most closely associated with Desmond Tutu and F. W. de Klerk?",
"correctAnswerText": "Nelson Mandela",
"incorrectText1": "Jomo Kenyatta",
"incorrectText2": "Kwame Nkruhmah",
"incorrectText3": "Jawaharlal Nehru"
}, {
"itemType": "Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV",
"questionText": "Since the end of the Cold War, what has been the primary cause of conflicts in Chechnya, Azerbaijan, and Bosnia?",
"correctAnswerText": "religious and ethnic tensions",
"incorrectText1": "adoption of capitalism",
"incorrectText2": "poor health care and starvation ",
"incorrectText3": "efforts at Russification"
}, {
"itemType": "0WK63DOOS2FXIQR",
"questionText": "The southern edge of the Sahara is expanding in a process called",
"correctAnswerText": "desertification",
"incorrectText1": "annexation",
"incorrectText2": "conservation",
"incorrectText3": "desalination"
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "The Code of Hammurabi and the Twelve Tables of Rome are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "written laws",
"incorrectText1": "religious rules of conduct",
"incorrectText2": "economic sanctions",
"incorrectText3": "early constitutions"
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "Which individual is correctly paired with an individual who further developed his ideas?",
"correctAnswerText": "Nicolaus Copernicus ? Galileo Galilei",
"incorrectText1": "Pope Urban II ? Martin Luther",
"incorrectText2": "Hernando Cortez ? Sim�n Bol�var",
"incorrectText3": "Louis XVI ? Maximilien Robespierre"
}, {
"itemType": "RQFKPE3OR6A25JD",
"questionText": "The English Bill of Rights and the political philosophy of John Locke both support the idea of a",
"correctAnswerText": "limited government",
"incorrectText1": "coalition government",
"incorrectText2": "fascist dictatorship",
"incorrectText3": "Marxist dictatorship"
}, {
"itemType": "I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ",
"questionText": "Which idea is correctly paired with a document that supports it?",
"correctAnswerText": "capitalism � Wealth of Nations",
"incorrectText1": "colonialism � The Prince",
"incorrectText2": "militarism � Sadler Report",
"incorrectText3": "monotheism � The Communist Manifesto"
}, {
"itemType": "6KQZN538LCU7K9W",
"questionText": "One goal of the Congress of Vienna was to",
"correctAnswerText": "establish a new balance of power in Europe",
"incorrectText1": "protect Europe from Ottoman advances",
"incorrectText2": "end abuses within the Catholic Church",
"incorrectText3": "redraw the boundaries of Africa"
}, {
"itemType": "XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG",
"questionText": "Transportation in the 1800s was revolutionized by the development of the",
"correctAnswerText": "steam engine",
"incorrectText1": "caravel",
"incorrectText2": "airplane",
"incorrectText3": "astrolabe"
}, {
"itemType": "LFNB87QHK1KPSO1",
"questionText": "�Indeed whilst on the one hand civil disobedience authorises disobedience of unjust laws or unmoral laws of a state which one seeks to overthrow, it requires meek and willing submission to the penalty of disobedience and therefore cheerful acceptance of the jail discipline and its attendant hardships�. Which individual is the author of this passage?",
"correctAnswerText": "Mohandas Gandhi",
"incorrectText1": "Otto von Bismarck",
"incorrectText2": "Ho Chi Minh",
"incorrectText3": "Fidel Castro"
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "Which conflict is most closely associated with events in Nanjing, Dunkirk, and Hiroshima?",
"correctAnswerText": "World War II",
"incorrectText1": "Russian Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "Cultural Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "Korean War"
}, {
"itemType": "34BUUBUS07QUA6M",
"questionText": "The imaginary line that divided the Western European countries from the Eastern European countries after World War II was known as the",
"correctAnswerText": "Iron Curtain",
"incorrectText1": "prime meridian",
"incorrectText2": "line of demarcation",
"incorrectText3": "Berlin Wall"
}, {
"itemType": "NORRDWZROR868GG",
"questionText": "� Keeping field notes from excavation sites � Analyzing radiocarbon dating test results � Examining and cataloging artifacts. Which social scientist directly engages in these activities?",
"correctAnswerText": "archaeologist",
"incorrectText1": "political scientist",
"incorrectText2": "historian",
"incorrectText3": "sociologist"
}, {
"itemType": "20E6K97FCPOIUK3",
"questionText": "Use of terracing is an example of a society�s reaction to",
"correctAnswerText": "geographic conditions",
"incorrectText1": "religious beliefs",
"incorrectText2": "social stratification",
"incorrectText3": "political situations"
}, {
"itemType": "B7PFLDEF4F7G29R",
"questionText": "What is a major feature of a traditional economy?",
"correctAnswerText": "bartering for goods and services",
"incorrectText1": "nationalizing foreign-owned businesses",
"incorrectText2": "determining prices using a free market",
"incorrectText3": "establishing quotas based on five-year plans"
}, {
"itemType": "5MH112LCJ8OZFJM",
"questionText": "� If a son has struck his father, they shall cut off his hand. � If a seignior has destroyed the eye of a member of the aristocracy, they shall destroy his eye. � If he has broken another seignior�s bone, they shall break his bone. Which document contains these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Code of Hammurabi",
"incorrectText1": "Ten Commandments",
"incorrectText2": "Edicts of Asoka",
"incorrectText3": "Twelve Tables"
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "Which geographic feature has helped isolate China?",
"correctAnswerText": "Himalaya Mountains",
"incorrectText1": " Andes Mountains",
"incorrectText2": "Kalahari Desert",
"incorrectText3": "Great Rift Valley"
}, {
"itemType": "9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ",
"questionText": "The rule of Shi Huangdi, legalism, and the tomb of terra cotta soldiers are most closely associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "Qin dynasty",
"incorrectText1": "Maurya Empire",
"incorrectText2": "Persian Empire",
"incorrectText3": "Hellenistic culture"
}, {
"itemType": "CRTDFM43DP4R453",
"questionText": "The development of which early civilization was influenced most directly by the Tigris River, the Zagros Mountains, and the Syrian Desert?",
"correctAnswerText": "Mesopotamian",
"incorrectText1": "Chinese",
"incorrectText2": "Egyptian",
"incorrectText3": "Maya"
}, {
"itemType": "FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR",
"questionText": "Which religion includes the Four Noble Truths, the Eightfold Path, and nirvana?",
"correctAnswerText": "Buddhism",
"incorrectText1": "Judaism",
"incorrectText2": "Hinduism",
"incorrectText3": "Christianity"
}, {
"itemType": "IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor affected the development of the Gupta Empire?",
"correctAnswerText": "monsoons",
"incorrectText1": "volcanoes",
"incorrectText2": "permafrost",
"incorrectText3": "island location"
}, {
"itemType": "6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP",
"questionText": "The Russian Orthodox Church developed as a result of Russia�s cultural interactions with which group?",
"correctAnswerText": "Byzantines",
"incorrectText1": "Vikings",
"incorrectText2": "Muslims",
"incorrectText3": "Huns"
}, {
"itemType": "5WFRV6D1AF857M2",
"questionText": "Which statement about the Sahara is most closely associated with the West African civilizations of Ghana and Mali?",
"correctAnswerText": "Salt mined in the Sahara was exchanged for gold.",
"incorrectText1": "Irrigation systems made it possible to farm in the Sahara.",
"incorrectText2": "Oases in the Sahara served as their capital cities.",
"incorrectText3": "The Sahara prevented the spread of Islam to the region."
}, {
"itemType": "5KYWZNHEGDGC56G",
"questionText": "The bubonic plague affected economic development in medieval times by",
"correctAnswerText": "causing production to decline and prices to rise",
"incorrectText1": "encouraging the introduction of new types of crops",
"incorrectText2": "sparking the ideas of socialism and reform",
"incorrectText3": "destroying the guild system"
}, {
"itemType": "5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK",
"questionText": "One reason the Renaissance began in Italy was that Italian city-states",
"correctAnswerText": "dominated key Mediterranean trade routes",
"incorrectText1": "defeated the Spanish Armada",
"incorrectText2": "were unified as a nation under the Pope",
"incorrectText3": "were unaffected by the Commercial Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "8L2TET9XHNDJDY6",
"questionText": "In The Prince, Machiavelli advises rulers to",
"correctAnswerText": "establish and maintain power",
"incorrectText1": "seek the approval of the people",
"incorrectText2": "promote openness in government",
"incorrectText3": "learn and follow the commandments of the church"
}, {
"itemType": "GON3JDO53HYHEHP",
"questionText": "During the Ming dynasty, why did China enjoy a favorable balance of trade with Europe?",
"correctAnswerText": "Chinese silk continued to be in high demand in Europe.",
"incorrectText1": "The Ming dynasty imported numerous manufactured goods from Europe.",
"incorrectText2": "China exported large quantities of opium to European traders.",
"incorrectText3": "The Ming dynasty paid tribute to European traders."
}, {
"itemType": "17S7REU8QQJYUYZ",
"questionText": "One way the Incas adapted their environment was by",
"correctAnswerText": "building a network of roads through the mountains",
"incorrectText1": "growing rice as a major agricultural product",
"incorrectText2": "establishing an encomienda system",
"incorrectText3": "creating floating gardens"
}, {
"itemType": "6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ",
"questionText": "Akbar the Great, Suleiman the Magnificent, and Louis XIV are all rulers associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "absolutism",
"incorrectText1": "natural rights",
"incorrectText2": "religious toleration",
"incorrectText3": "filial piety"
}, {
"itemType": "LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0",
"questionText": "What was a major effect of the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights on Great Britain?",
"correctAnswerText": "The power of the monarch was limited.",
"incorrectText1": "Ireland revolted against the monarchy.",
"incorrectText2": "Parliament was abolished.",
"incorrectText3": "A renewed interest in Greek and Roman culture developed."
}, {
"itemType": "4M68F8AH54RB0JZ",
"questionText": "Which event is most closely associated with the French Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "Reign of Terror",
"incorrectText1": "Council of Trent",
"incorrectText2": "Thirty Years� War",
"incorrectText3": "Paris Peace Conference"
}, {
"itemType": "9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV",
"questionText": "� Irregular coastline � Abundant mineral resources � Large labor force � Investment capital.   Which country had these characteristics and used them to industrialize in the 1700s?",
"correctAnswerText": "Great Britain",
"incorrectText1": "Germany",
"incorrectText2": "Italy",
"incorrectText3": "Japan"
}, {
"itemType": "FZLOFTA7JBEINNX",
"questionText": "Which statement represents a central idea of laissez-faire economics?",
"correctAnswerText": "Prices are best determined by supply and demand.",
"incorrectText1": "Class struggles are based on inequities.",
"incorrectText2": "Workers should form unions to better their conditions.",
"incorrectText3": "The government should own all means of production."
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "A major goal of both the Sepoy Mutiny and the Boxer Rebellion was to",
"correctAnswerText": "remove foreign influences",
"incorrectText1": "restore parliamentary government",
"incorrectText2": "improve access to civil service examinations",
"incorrectText3": "outlaw caste systems"
}, {
"itemType": "2WTN2EZKLD1NA2I",
"questionText": "In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Japan rapidly industrialized. During which period did this change take place?",
"correctAnswerText": "Meiji Restoration",
"incorrectText1": "Heian Court",
"incorrectText2": "Yuan dynasty",
"incorrectText3": "Song dynasty"
}, {
"itemType": "5S395ACMQUGANID",
"questionText": "The Amritsar Massacre and the Salt March are both associated with the independence movement in",
"correctAnswerText": "India",
"incorrectText1": "Iraq",
"incorrectText2": "China",
"incorrectText3": "Kenya"
}, {
"itemType": "C3G8TIBPN3R75J7",
"questionText": "Which factor led to the rise of communist revolutions in Russia and in China?",
"correctAnswerText": "unequal distribution of wealth between social classes",
"incorrectText1": "increase in agricultural production around the world",
"incorrectText2": "onset of the global depression that restricted trade",
"incorrectText3": "scarcity of workers for available jobs "
}, {
"itemType": "LDLBICMUYYJJXFM",
"questionText": "Which action is associated with Joseph Stalin?",
"correctAnswerText": "establishing five-year plans",
"incorrectText1": "expanding privatization",
"incorrectText2": "encouraging glasnost",
"incorrectText3": "promoting d�tente"
}, {
"itemType": "ADH99R0N2E3WDB2",
"questionText": "In the 1950s, what was the status of most countries in Eastern Europe?",
"correctAnswerText": "satellites of the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText1": "members of the Common Market",
"incorrectText2": "participants in the Marshall Plan",
"incorrectText3": "allies of the United States"
}, {
"itemType": "DKJONPHAWJ9F1J9",
"questionText": "� Partition of India � Creation of the State of Israel � Division of Berlin. Which development directly resulted from each of these events?",
"correctAnswerText": "Large numbers of people migrated.",
"incorrectText1": "Nuclear weapons were developed.",
"incorrectText2": "Communist governments were established.",
"incorrectText3": "Ethnic tensions decreased."
}, {
"itemType": "QLTUBWXXSER5L1O",
"questionText": "In the second half of the 20th century, what was one action taken by both Nelson Mandela and Desmond Tutu?",
"correctAnswerText": "protesting against apartheid in South Africa",
"incorrectText1": "supporting the white government of Rhodesia",
"incorrectText2": "sending troops to liberate captives in Sudan",
"incorrectText3": "leading the independence movement in Ghana"
}, {
"itemType": "UF363WM5WCFCIX8",
"questionText": "In Africa, a key factor that has led to desertification is the",
"correctAnswerText": "overgrazing of livestock",
"incorrectText1": "loss of animal species",
"incorrectText2": "burning of fossil fuels",
"incorrectText3": "disposal of toxic waste"
}, {
"itemType": "SK82ET28ABZQWEA",
"questionText": "Which characteristic is most closely associated with both Pol Pot�s government in Cambodia and Slobodan Milosevic�s government in Yugoslavia?",
"correctAnswerText": "use of terror to achieve political goals",
"incorrectText1": "support for freedom of speech",
"incorrectText2": "establishment of a theocratic system",
"incorrectText3": "respect for ethnic minorities"
}, {
"itemType": "9R412KOULXYN9C0",
"questionText": "Which movement of African people was primarily caused by changes in climate and vegetation?",
"correctAnswerText": "migration of the Bantu people out of West Africa in 1000 B.C.",
"incorrectText1": "journey of Mansa Musa�s followers to Mecca in 1324",
"incorrectText2": "resettlement of the Zulus within South Africa in 1843",
"incorrectText3": "flight of the Tutsis from Rwanda in 1994"
}, {
"itemType": "0B13ALCD1EZLIQA",
"questionText": "Which historical period is associated with the concept of zero, the development of a handbook on medicine, and the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam?",
"correctAnswerText": "Golden Age of Islam",
"incorrectText1": "European Renaissance",
"incorrectText2": "Songhai Empire",
"incorrectText3": "Age of Pericles"
}, {
"itemType": "MHYHXAF9ULEG60G",
"questionText": "In the European feudal system under manorialism, what is the most significant economic commodity?",
"correctAnswerText": "land",
"incorrectText1": "livestock",
"incorrectText2": "gold and silver",
"incorrectText3": "sugar and spices"
}, {
"itemType": "CYKPB9L4RGOEVZ5",
"questionText": "The inhumane policies of the Reconquista, pogroms, and the Holocaust were all results of",
"correctAnswerText": "intolerance and prejudice",
"incorrectText1": " civil disobedience and passive resistance",
"incorrectText2": "acculturation and assimilation",
"incorrectText3": "war guilt and reparations"
}, {
"itemType": "USGPGAQOBE3R6Q1",
"questionText": "Which situation was a result of the 1884 Berlin Conference?",
"correctAnswerText": "Africa was divided without regard to ethnic groups.",
"incorrectText1": "Monarchies were restored throughout Europe.",
"incorrectText2": "The slave trade with South America was eliminated.",
"incorrectText3": "The League of Nations was formed."
}, {
"itemType": "Q4N8ZWIAJE8NIRQ",
"questionText": "Disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, creation of new nation-states in central Europe, and Germany�s loss of colonies were all consequences of",
"correctAnswerText": "World War I",
"incorrectText1": "the Napoleonic Wars",
"incorrectText2": "the Franco-Prussian War",
"incorrectText3": "World War II"
}]
},
{
"itemId": "E90250640DC1500679B39D2",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2012 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2012 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [
{
"itemType": "FU9DRRDLASG0B18",
"questionText": "What does a topographic map show?",
"correctAnswerText": "physical features",
"incorrectText1": " climate regions",
"incorrectText2": "ethnic distributions",
"incorrectText3": "patterns of trade"
}, {
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "Which social scientist is most concerned with analyzing the relationship between the supply of and the demand for goods and services?",
"correctAnswerText": "an economist",
"incorrectText1": " an anthropologist",
"incorrectText2": "a sociologist",
"incorrectText3": "a political scientist"
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "Which geographic feature did the earliest civilizations in Egypt, India, and China have in common?",
"correctAnswerText": "rivers that increased the fertility of the land by flooding",
"incorrectText1": "mountains that provided protection from invasion",
"incorrectText2": "vast forests that supplied lumber for building",
"incorrectText3": "tropical climates that included monsoons"
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "The ancient Sumerians modified their environment to increase food production by",
"correctAnswerText": " digging irrigation canals",
"incorrectText1": "building terraces",
"incorrectText2": " removing rain forests",
"incorrectText3": "developing chinampas"
}, {
"itemType": "V1LX77TKH98RRK5",
"questionText": "Believers of Hinduism are expected to",
"correctAnswerText": " fulfill their dharma for a favorable reincarnation",
"incorrectText1": " complete a pilgrimage to Mecca",
"incorrectText2": " obey the Ten Commandments",
"incorrectText3": "follow the Eightfold Path to achieve enlightenment"
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "Which region had the greatest influence on the historical and cultural development of the Byzantine Empire?",
"correctAnswerText": " Rome",
"incorrectText1": "Mesoamerica",
"incorrectText2": "India",
"incorrectText3": "Egypt"
}, {
"itemType": "W51PW4MEE1QROQ1",
"questionText": " Muslims� reference to Christians and Jews as -People of the Book- demonstrates they all shared a belief in",
"correctAnswerText": "monotheism",
"incorrectText1": "the pope",
"incorrectText2": "the five relationships ",
"incorrectText3": " dharma"
}, {
"itemType": "5XGL523ABIUTY7R",
"questionText": "During the Renaissance, humanist philosophers emphasized the importance of",
"correctAnswerText": "individualism  ",
"incorrectText1": " absolutism",
"incorrectText2": "religious salvation  ",
"incorrectText3": "technological advancements"
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "Which statement about the Protestant Reformation is an opinion rather than a fact?",
"correctAnswerText": " Henry VIII led a stronger religious reform movement than Martin Luther did.",
"incorrectText1": " German princes revolted against the Holy Roman Emperor.",
"incorrectText2": "Membership in the Catholic Church declined in northern Europe.",
"incorrectText3": "European religious unity was disrupted by the newly established religions."
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "The location of the Ottoman Empire had an impact on the",
"correctAnswerText": " trade between Europe and Asia",
"incorrectText1": "conquest of Spain by the Muslims",
"incorrectText2": "spread of Buddhism into Southeast Asia",
"incorrectText3": " decline in the Atlantic slave trade"
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "The rule of Akbar the Great is important  because he",
"correctAnswerText": "accepted diversity and practiced religious toleration",
"incorrectText1": " admired legalism and emphasized oppression",
"incorrectText2": "recognized natural laws and supported democracy",
"incorrectText3": "supported equality and outlawed the caste system"
}, {
"itemType": "3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5",
"questionText": " Europeans considered mercantilism a successful policy because it",
"correctAnswerText": "created wealth for the colonial powers",
"incorrectText1": "encouraged self-sufficiency in less developed nations",
"incorrectText2": "led to alliances with Asian countries",
"incorrectText3": " protected traditional social practices"
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": " One similarity between the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights is that both documents",
"correctAnswerText": " placed limits on the power of the monarch",
"incorrectText1": " set up a two-party political system",
"incorrectText2": "established the right to inherit the throne",
"incorrectText3": "guaranteed equal rights for all citizens"
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "Which statement represents a key idea directly associated with John Locke�s Two Treatises of Government?",
"correctAnswerText": "All people are born with the right to life, liberty, and property.",
"incorrectText1": " Freedom of speech should be denied.",
"incorrectText2": "The king�s power on Earth comes from God.",
"incorrectText3": " Individuals acting in their own self-interest will achieve economic success."
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": "Belief in the ideas of the Enlightenment and discontent within the Third Estate were causes of the",
"correctAnswerText": "French Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Counter Reformation",
"incorrectText2": "Industrial Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "Spanish Reconquista"
}, {
"itemType": "8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS",
"questionText": " In the early 18th century, the Agricultural Revolution in Great Britain resulted in urbanization because",
"correctAnswerText": " displaced rural workers migrated to find jobs",
"incorrectText1": "enslaved persons replaced free laborers on farms",
"incorrectText2": " factory work strengthened extended families",
"incorrectText3": "the middle class decreased in size"
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": " A key idea in the Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels is that workers should support the",
"correctAnswerText": " overthrow of the capitalist system",
"incorrectText1": "establishment of labor unions",
"incorrectText2": " legislative regulation of wages and working conditions",
"incorrectText3": " technological changes in production methods"
}, {
"itemType": "9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF",
"questionText": " Which change is associated with Meiji Japan?",
"correctAnswerText": "modernization of the economy and government",
"incorrectText1": "expansion of feudal political and social values",
"incorrectText2": "adoption of isolationist policies",
"incorrectText3": "abandoning plans for an overseas empire"
}, {
"itemType": "HARJ6XE78XNCXSA",
"questionText": "Which action contributed to the success of Lenin�s communist revolution in Russia?",
"correctAnswerText": " Peasants were promised land reform.",
"incorrectText1": "Businessmen were encouraged to form monopolies.",
"incorrectText2": " Landowners were offered tax relief.",
"incorrectText3": "Factory workers were required to start small businesses."
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "What was a major cause of the famines in Ukraine between 1929 and 1935?",
"correctAnswerText": " forced collectivization by the government",
"incorrectText1": "war with Chechnya and Armenia",
"incorrectText2": "lack of arable land in the region",
"incorrectText3": "movement of workers to Siberia"
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": "The British reliance on India as a market for its manufactured goods caused Mohandas Gandhi to",
"correctAnswerText": " refuse to buy British textiles",
"incorrectText1": "run for a seat in the British Parliament",
"incorrectText2": "lead the Sepoy Rebellion ",
"incorrectText3": " support traditional caste divisions"
}, {
"itemType": "HSF4BRDGX2SXB69",
"questionText": "Which headline is most closely associated with the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki?",
"correctAnswerText": "-Nuclear Bombs Dropped on Japan-",
"incorrectText1": "-Japan Signs Treaty of Kanagawa-",
"incorrectText2": "-Japan Invades Korea-",
"incorrectText3": "-Japan Hosts Discussion on Greenhouse Gases-"
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "The purpose of both the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan was to",
"correctAnswerText": " prevent the spread of communism",
"incorrectText1": " support the construction of the Iron Curtain",
"incorrectText2": " increase membership in the United Nations",
"incorrectText3": "attempt to solve world hunger"
}, {
"itemType": "IR07J676OISB4HU",
"questionText": "Which change occurred immediately after the region of British India gained its independence in 1947?",
"correctAnswerText": " The region was partitioned into two separate states.",
"incorrectText1": " India became an ally of the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText2": " India adopted Islam as the official state religion.",
"incorrectText3": " A military dictatorship took control of the entire region."
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "In the struggle to gain independence for their countries, both Kwame Nkrumah and Ho Chi Minh relied on",
"correctAnswerText": "nationalist sentiments",
"incorrectText1": "trench warfare",
"incorrectText2": "collective security agreements",
"incorrectText3": "nonviolent resistance"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was formed with the intent of",
"correctAnswerText": "controlling the supply of oil to raise prices",
"incorrectText1": "stabilizing the supply of oil to Japan",
"incorrectText2": "cutting off the supply of oil to the United States and its allies",
"incorrectText3": "increasing the supply of oil available for use within Middle Eastern countries"
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "Both the division of Germany and the division of Korea following World War II led to",
"correctAnswerText": "uneven economic development between the divided portions",
"incorrectText1": "democratic governments for all citizens",
"incorrectText2": "open warfare between the divided parts",
"incorrectText3": "space exploration agreements with the superpowers"
}, {
"itemType": "3S3OX0N305A2N1R",
"questionText": "Changes in the political borders of Eastern European countries during the 1990s were a result of the",
"correctAnswerText": "failure of communism",
"incorrectText1": "expansion of the Warsaw Pact",
"incorrectText2": "end of free trade",
"incorrectText3": "decline of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)"
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "The Code of Hammurabi, the Twelve Tables, and the Justinian Code are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "written laws",
"incorrectText1": "religious edicts",
"incorrectText2": "epic poems",
"incorrectText3": "democratic constitutions"
}, {
"itemType": "YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP",
"questionText": "Which statement about the bubonic plague in Europe, Asia, and Africa is accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "It followed trade routes.",
"incorrectText1": "It increased agricultural production.",
"incorrectText2": "It was restricted to rural areas.",
"incorrectText3": "It encouraged nationalism."
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "Which factor contributed to the fall of the Han dynasty, the fall of the Roman Empire, and the fall of the Abbasid Empire?",
"correctAnswerText": "invasions by nomadic peoples from Central Asia",
"incorrectText1": "demands for religious freedom by Christians",
"incorrectText2": "long periods of drought that led to isolation",
"incorrectText3": "dependence on slaves to produce manufactured goods"
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "Which empires gained wealth by controlling the trade of gold, ivory, and salt across the Sahara Desert?",
"correctAnswerText": "Mali and Songhai",
"incorrectText1": "Maya and Aztec",
"incorrectText2": "Greek and Roman",
"incorrectText3": "Mauryan and Mughal"
}, {
"itemType": "9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI",
"questionText": "The encomienda system, the latifundia form of land ownership, and the office of viceroy are all closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "Spanish rule in Latin America",
"incorrectText1": "pre-Columbian practices of Native Americans",
"incorrectText2": "attempts to halt the drug trade in South America",
"incorrectText3": "reduction of trade barriers in the Western Hemisphere"
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "One way in which the Bantu people of West Africa (500 B.C.�A.D. 1500) and the people of Ireland (1840s) are similar is that both groups",
"correctAnswerText": "experienced large migrations",
"incorrectText1": "carried out successful conquests",
"incorrectText2": "supported nationalist movements",
"incorrectText3": "represented early civilizations"
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "What was one factor that caused Napoleon�s invasion of Russia and Hitler�s invasion of Russia to be unsuccessful?",
"correctAnswerText": "harsh winter climate",
"incorrectText1": "poorly trained military forces",
"incorrectText2": "a lack of alliances",
"incorrectText3": "mountainous terrain"
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "One similarity in the actions of Benito Mussolini and Saddam Hussein is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "denied individual rights",
"incorrectText1": "established a democratic form of government",
"incorrectText2": "expanded the power of labor unions",
"incorrectText3": "sought a classless society"
}, {
"itemType": "M6L7YCS6YVBNI48",
"questionText": "In studying the United Nations, an example of a secondary source would be",
"correctAnswerText": "a description in an encyclopedia of the first session of the United Nations Security Council",
"incorrectText1": "the charter establishing the United Nations",
"incorrectText2": "a speech written by the Secretary General for the 50th anniversary of the United Nations",
"incorrectText3": "photographs of the opening ceremonies at the original site of the United Nations"
}, {
"itemType": "TBIDXY8QT09WZDG",
"questionText": "One way in which the people of the Tibetan kingdom and the people of the Inca Empire are similar is that they",
"correctAnswerText": "adapted mountainous terrains",
"incorrectText1": "developed coastal ports",
"incorrectText2": "designed ships to conduct global trade",
"incorrectText3": "introduced camel caravans as their primary form of transportation"
}, {
"itemType": "QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD",
"questionText": "What is one way in which animism, Shinto, and Daoism are similar?",
"correctAnswerText": "emphasis on harmony with nature",
"incorrectText1": "monotheistic belief systems",
"incorrectText2": "belief in the idea of nirvana",
"incorrectText3": "reliance on the teachings of the Vedas"
}, {
"itemType": "IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU",
"questionText": "One role Korea had in the development of East Asia was",
"correctAnswerText": "passing cultural ideas from China to Japan",
"incorrectText1": "protecting China from a Japanese invasion along China�s western frontier",
"incorrectText2": "challenging Japan for control of Southeast Asian islands",
"incorrectText3": "allying itself with the Vietnamese to conquer China"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "Which areas did the Mongols conquer and incorporate into their empire?",
"correctAnswerText": "China, Russia, and Iran",
"incorrectText1": "Axum, Zimbabwe, and West Africa",
"incorrectText2": "Spain, France, and Egypt",
"incorrectText3": "Japan, India, and eastern Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "What was one result of the Commercial Revolution in Europe?",
"correctAnswerText": "development of financial institutions",
"incorrectText1": "decrease in the size of the middle class",
"incorrectText2": "expansion of the manor system",
"incorrectText3": "wider use of the barter system"
}, {
"itemType": "UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U",
"questionText": "Which factor contributed to Mali becoming a wealthy kingdom?",
"correctAnswerText": "dominance of the gold and salt trade",
"incorrectText1": "enforcement of mercantilist policies",
"incorrectText2": "alliances with the Hanseatic League",
"incorrectText3": "control of Mediterranean trade routes"
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "During the 14th century, the Black Death became a widespread epidemic primarily because of",
"correctAnswerText": "the resurgence of trade",
"incorrectText1": "Chinese overseas exploration",
"incorrectText2": "European colonial policies",
"incorrectText3": "new agricultural practices"
}, {
"itemType": "8UKFL9QB8570RXP",
"questionText": "Which factor most contributed to the cultural diversity of the Ottoman Empire?",
"correctAnswerText": "central location spanning Europe, Africa, and Asia",
"incorrectText1": "legal system based on the Qur�an (Koran)",
"incorrectText2": "alliances with the Russians and Hapsburgs",
"incorrectText3": "reliance on colonies in the Americas"
}, {
"itemType": "FX96LMXJUNBPTWL",
"questionText": "In the late 1400s and early 1500s, what was a major reason for the European voyages of exploration?",
"correctAnswerText": "need for alternate trade routes",
"incorrectText1": "introduction of Enlightenment ideas",
"incorrectText2": "desire to control Constantinople",
"incorrectText3": "rapid industrialization"
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": "A study of the achievements of pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures would show that they",
"correctAnswerText": "sustained dense populations through intensive agriculture",
"incorrectText1": "engaged in an extensive exploration of the Pacific Ocean",
"incorrectText2": "built vehicles with wheels to transport goods",
"incorrectText3": "developed rice paper and wood-block printing"
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "What was one effect of the Latin American revolutions of the 19th century?",
"correctAnswerText": "Many Latin American countries achieved independence.",
"incorrectText1": "Democracy became the dominant political system in Latin America.",
"incorrectText2": "European colonialism replaced the independent governments of Latin America.",
"incorrectText3": "Countries in Latin America deported most people with European ancestry."
}, {
"itemType": "HI4X8VLDXB6CU97",
"questionText": "Galileo Galilei and Sir Issac Newton are most closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "conducting investigative experiments",
"incorrectText1": "initiating religious reforms",
"incorrectText2": "leading political revolutions",
"incorrectText3": "engaging in foreign conquests"
}, {
"itemType": "38CTTRF38X7325C",
"questionText": "Maximilien Robespierre and the Jacobins are best known for",
"correctAnswerText": "instituting the Reign of Terror",
"incorrectText1": "protecting freedom of religion",
"incorrectText2": "supporting the reign of King Louis XVI",
"incorrectText3": "sending French troops to fight in the American Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9",
"questionText": "The unification of Italy and the unification of Germany show that",
"correctAnswerText": "nationalism could be used to consolidate political interests",
"incorrectText1": "socialism was an effective way of organizing the economy",
"incorrectText2": "colonialism could be used to spread European civilization",
"incorrectText3": "interdependence was a significant obstacle to waging war"
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "During the Industrial Revolution, which development resulted from the other three?",
"correctAnswerText": "Labor unions were formed.",
"incorrectText1": "Factory conditions affected people�s health.",
"incorrectText2": "Unskilled laborers received low wages.",
"incorrectText3": "Machinery replaced workers."
}, {
"itemType": "SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ",
"questionText": "Which phrase best illustrates the theory of laissez-faire capitalism?",
"correctAnswerText": "businesses operating with little government regulation",
"incorrectText1": "the state establishing production quotas",
"incorrectText2": "central planning committees setting prices on goods",
"incorrectText3": "decisions related to distribution being based on community traditions"
}, {
"itemType": "FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP",
"questionText": "According to Thomas Malthus, the rate of increase for human populations in relation to the rate of increase for food production was a problem. Malthus believed that",
"correctAnswerText": "famine and war were natural checks on population growth",
"incorrectText1": "industrial development would severely limit population growth",
"incorrectText2": "countries with larger populations would conquer countries with smaller populations",
"incorrectText3": "food production would increase at a faster rate than populations would"
}, {
"itemType": "YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3",
"questionText": "An incompetent government, massacres on Bloody Sunday, and the high costs of World War I were causes of the",
"correctAnswerText": "Russian Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Mexican Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "Boxer Rebellion",
"incorrectText3": "Sepoy Mutiny"
}, {
"itemType": "MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI",
"questionText": "Which reform is most closely associated with Turkish leader Kemal Atat�rk?",
"correctAnswerText": "adoption of Western culture",
"incorrectText1": "implementation of Sharia law",
"incorrectText2": "introduction of Arabic script",
"incorrectText3": "establishment of a communist government"
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "Which leader is associated with civil disobedience and the Salt March?",
"correctAnswerText": "Mohandas Gandhi",
"incorrectText1": "Kwame Nkrumah",
"incorrectText2": "Jomo Kenyatta",
"incorrectText3": "Ho Chi Minh"
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "Which sequence of events is in the correct chronological order?",
"correctAnswerText": "Treaty of Versailles ? rise of Nazism ? German invasion of the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText1": "rise of Nazism ? Treaty of Versailles ? German invasion of the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText2": "German invasion of the Soviet Union ? rise of Nazism ? Treaty of Versailles",
"incorrectText3": "Treaty of Versailles ?German invasion of the Soviet Union ? rise of Nazism"
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "Mao Zedong and some of the survivors of the Long March emerged as the core leaders in which country?",
"correctAnswerText": "China",
"incorrectText1": "Angola",
"incorrectText2": "Cambodia",
"incorrectText3": "Nicaragua"
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "One way in which the Chinese Revolution (1945�1949) and the Cuban Revolution (1956�1959) are similar is that the leaders of both revolutions",
"correctAnswerText": "relied on support from the peasants",
"incorrectText1": "embraced capitalist ideas",
"incorrectText2": "rejected industrial development",
"incorrectText3": "used peaceful methods to achieve their goals"
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "Which statement about Shah Reza Pahlavi and the Iranian Revolution is an opinion rather than a fact?",
"correctAnswerText": "The primary cause for the revolution was the exile of Shah Reza Pahlavi�s critics.",
"incorrectText1": "Shah Reza Pahlavi was supported by major Western powers.",
"incorrectText2": "Members of the Islamic clergy opposed Shah Reza Pahlavi.",
"incorrectText3": "Supporters of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini overthrew Shah Reza Pahlavi."
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "By the late 1970s in China, the growing size of its population influenced the government�s decision to",
"correctAnswerText": "institute a one-child policy",
"incorrectText1": "encourage people to migrate to other countries",
"incorrectText2": "force families to work on communes",
"incorrectText3": "engage in wars to gain territory"
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "During the Cold War, which event occurred last?",
"correctAnswerText": "destruction of the Berlin Wall",
"incorrectText1": "Cuban missile crisis",
"incorrectText2": "Berlin airlift",
"incorrectText3": "launch of Sputnik by the Soviet Union"
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "Which conclusion about the global economy is best supported by this 2008 passage?",
"correctAnswerText": "Technology has decreased the cost of doing business.",
"incorrectText1": "The labor market in Asia relies on child labor.",
"incorrectText2": "Capitalism has not met the needs of the working class.",
"incorrectText3": "Globalization is creating fewer jobs."
}, {
"itemType": "0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ",
"questionText": "One way in which the ancient city-state of Athens and the Gupta Empire are similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "promoted art and literature",
"incorrectText1": "allowed universal suffrage",
"incorrectText2": "developed matriarchal societies",
"incorrectText3": "established plantation agriculture"
}, {
"itemType": "LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z",
"questionText": "The Code of Hammurabi of Babylon and the Justinian Code of the Byzantine Empire served functions similar to the",
"correctAnswerText": "Twelve Tables of the Romans",
"incorrectText1": "Ziggurats of the Sumerians",
"incorrectText2": "Buddhist stupas",
"incorrectText3": "Maya hieroglyphics"
}, {
"itemType": "6J6SIRWPNI6IONR",
"questionText": "In England, the key principles of the Magna Carta were fundamental to the development and growth of",
"correctAnswerText": "democracy",
"incorrectText1": "theocracy",
"incorrectText2": "absolutism",
"incorrectText3": "communism"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "Some archaeologists believe the earliest human presence in the Americas is associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "migration of nomads across the Bering Strait",
"incorrectText1": "exploration of the Caribbean by Europeans",
"incorrectText2": "movement of tribes during the Bantu migration",
"incorrectText3": "journey of traders along the Silk Roads"
}, {
"itemType": "TX38PQXUNZK77UN",
"questionText": "In the early 1930s, millions of Ukrainians died as a result of",
"correctAnswerText": "a forced famine",
"incorrectText1": "the intifada",
"incorrectText2": "glasnost",
"incorrectText3": "trench warfare"
}, {
"itemType": "IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW",
"questionText": "A primary source about the French Revolution is",
"correctAnswerText": "an eyewitness account from a prisoner at the Bastille",
"incorrectText1": "an encyclopedia entry about the Reign of Terror",
"incorrectText2": "a recent biography of Robespierre",
"incorrectText3": "a movie about Louis XVI"
}, {
"itemType": "B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68",
"questionText": "In a pure market economy, who determines which goods and services are produced and in what quantities?",
"correctAnswerText": "consumers and producers",
"incorrectText1": "government agencies",
"incorrectText2": "church hierarchy",
"incorrectText3": "banks and cartels"
}, {
"itemType": "0WK63DOOS2FXIQR",
"questionText": "Which belief system requires fasting during Ramadan, praying five times daily, and making a pilgrimage to Mecca?",
"correctAnswerText": "Islam",
"incorrectText1": "Judaism",
"incorrectText2": "Christianity",
"incorrectText3": "Hinduism"
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "Which statement about ancient Greece is an opinion rather than a fact?",
"correctAnswerText": "Greek architecture was superior to Persian architecture.",
"incorrectText1": "Mountainous terrain was an obstacle to Greek political unity.",
"incorrectText2": "The Spartan culture placed an emphasis on military skills.",
"incorrectText3": "Athens granted voting rights to male citizens only."
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "The Thar Desert, Ganges River, and Deccan Plateau are all geographic features of",
"correctAnswerText": "India",
"incorrectText1": "Japan",
"incorrectText2": "China",
"incorrectText3": "Indonesia"
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "Which philosophy is most closely associated with the development of the Chinese civil service system?",
"correctAnswerText": "Confucianism",
"incorrectText1": "legalism",
"incorrectText2": "Buddhism",
"incorrectText3": "Daoism"
}, {
"itemType": "RQFKPE3OR6A25JD",
"questionText": "The Byzantine Empire influenced the development of Russia by",
"correctAnswerText": "introducing Eastern Orthodox beliefs",
"incorrectText1": "preventing Mongol invasions",
"incorrectText2": "destroying the power of the legislature",
"incorrectText3": "establishing the potato as a staple food"
}, {
"itemType": "I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ",
"questionText": "An economic reason for the institution of serfdom was to maintain",
"correctAnswerText": "a stable workforce",
"incorrectText1": "an educated citizenry",
"incorrectText2": "overseas trade",
"incorrectText3": "religious uniformity"
}, {
"itemType": "6KQZN538LCU7K9W",
"questionText": "One long-term effect of the Crusades was the",
"correctAnswerText": "growth of trade and towns in western Europe",
"incorrectText1": "development of Pax Mongolia",
"incorrectText2": "fall of the Ming dynasty",
"incorrectText3": "control of Jerusalem by Europeans"
}, {
"itemType": "LFNB87QHK1KPSO1",
"questionText": "The kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai prospered primarily due to their",
"correctAnswerText": "control of trade routes",
"incorrectText1": "exchanges with Indian ports",
"incorrectText2": "direct access to the Arabian Sea",
"incorrectText3": "abundance of diamonds"
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "How did the Commercial Revolution change economic practices in Europe?",
"correctAnswerText": "A capitalist economy was developed.",
"incorrectText1": "The manorial system was established.",
"incorrectText2": "The Church became a major economic power.",
"incorrectText3": "Colonies were granted independence."
}, {
"itemType": "34BUUBUS07QUA6M",
"questionText": "One impact Gutenberg�s printing press had on western Europe was",
"correctAnswerText": "the spread of Martin Luther�s ideas",
"incorrectText1": "a decrease in the number of universities",
"incorrectText2": "a decline in literacy",
"incorrectText3": "the unification of the Holy Roman Empire"
}, {
"itemType": "NORRDWZROR868GG",
"questionText": "What was a result of the efforts of Prince Henry of Portugal, Christopher Columbus, and Ferdinand Magellan?",
"correctAnswerText": "The European view of the physical world was transformed.",
"incorrectText1": "The importance of Mediterranean trade routes was established.",
"incorrectText2": "The modern concept of universal human rights was promoted.",
"incorrectText3": "An understanding of the benefits of cultural diversity was encouraged."
}, {
"itemType": "20E6K97FCPOIUK3",
"questionText": "The Spanish encomienda system in the Americas resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "the exploitation of natives",
"incorrectText1": "the strengthening of indigenous cultures",
"incorrectText2": "political independence for the colonies",
"incorrectText3": "religious freedom for the majority of peasants"
}, {
"itemType": "B7PFLDEF4F7G29R",
"questionText": "Which region�s colonial class structure included peninsulares, creoles, and mestizos?",
"correctAnswerText": "Latin America",
"incorrectText1": "western Europe",
"incorrectText2": "sub-Saharan Africa",
"incorrectText3": "East Asia"
}, {
"itemType": "5MH112LCJ8OZFJM",
"questionText": "One similarity in the policies of Louis XIV and of Suleiman the Magnificent is that both leaders",
"correctAnswerText": "increased the power of their central governments",
"incorrectText1": "expanded their empires in the Americas",
"incorrectText2": "encouraged the growth of democracy",
"incorrectText3": "abolished the bureaucracy"
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "Oliver Cromwell led the Puritan Revolution in England in response to the",
"correctAnswerText": "autocratic rule of the king",
"incorrectText1": "passage of the Bill of Rights",
"incorrectText2": "implementation of mercantilism",
"incorrectText3": "defeat of the Spanish Armada"
}, {
"itemType": "9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ",
"questionText": "Which issue was a cause of the French Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "demand of the Third Estate for more political power",
"incorrectText1": "ineffective rule of Napoleon Bonaparte",
"incorrectText2": "nationalization of the Church",
"incorrectText3": "outrage over the use of the guillotine by the Committee of Public Safety"
}, {
"itemType": "CRTDFM43DP4R453",
"questionText": "A major reason the Industrial Revolution developed in Great Britain in the 1700s was because of Great Britain�s",
"correctAnswerText": "geographic features",
"incorrectText1": "immigration policies",
"incorrectText2": "use of collectivization",
"incorrectText3": "access to imported oil"
}, {
"itemType": "IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0",
"questionText": "What is a major belief associated with Marxism?",
"correctAnswerText": "The proletariat would rise up and overthrow the bourgeoisie.",
"incorrectText1": "Religion should be more important than political forces.",
"incorrectText2": "Private ownership of property should be expanded.",
"incorrectText3": "Peasants would gain control of overseas markets."
}, {
"itemType": "6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP",
"questionText": "The Berlin Conference in 1884 was significant because it",
"correctAnswerText": "established rules for the European division of Africa",
"incorrectText1": "promoted Belgium as a world power",
"incorrectText2": "called for a war against England",
"incorrectText3": "ensured ethnic harmony in the Middle East"
}, {
"itemType": "5WFRV6D1AF857M2",
"questionText": "Japan began an aggressive policy of imperialism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries because Japan",
"correctAnswerText": "needed raw materials for its factories",
"incorrectText1": "hoped to spread Shinto",
"incorrectText2": "sought Western technology",
"incorrectText3": "wanted revenge for the Opium Wars"
}, {
"itemType": "ICALETH1G91HXTE",
"questionText": "The immediate cause of World War I was the",
"correctAnswerText": "assassination of Archduke Ferdinand",
"incorrectText1": "Japanese alliance with Germany",
"incorrectText2": "treaty agreement at Versailles",
"incorrectText3": "German invasion of Poland"
}, {
"itemType": "6HN4D643RTBD5SO",
"questionText": "The Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 in Russia was caused in part by",
"correctAnswerText": "a shortage of military supplies and food during World War I",
"incorrectText1": "a forced famine in Ukraine",
"incorrectText2": "the failure of Czar Nicholas II to come to Serbia�s aid",
"incorrectText3": "the establishment of Lenin�s New Economic Policy (NEP)"
}, {
"itemType": "5KYWZNHEGDGC56G",
"questionText": "One way in which Kemal Atat�rk of Turkey and Shah Reza Pahlavi of Iran are similar is that both leaders",
"correctAnswerText": "implemented programs to modernize their nations",
"incorrectText1": "supported increased rights for ethnic minorities",
"incorrectText2": "adopted policies of nonalignment",
"incorrectText3": "established theocracies based on Islam"
}, {
"itemType": "5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK",
"questionText": "What was one geographic characteristic of Germany that influenced the outcomes of both World War I and World War II?",
"correctAnswerText": "Its central location in Europe resulted in Germany having to fight on two fronts.",
"incorrectText1": "Mountainous topography protected Germany from the opposing side.",
"incorrectText2": "A lack of navigable rivers in Germany slowed transportation.",
"incorrectText3": "Excellent harbors allowed Germany to defeat Great Britain�s naval forces."
}, {
"itemType": "8L2TET9XHNDJDY6",
"questionText": "Which event in the history of the Indian subcontinent occurred last?",
"correctAnswerText": "creation of Pakistan",
"incorrectText1": "Salt March",
"incorrectText2": "Amritsar Massacre",
"incorrectText3": "Sepoy Rebellion"
}, {
"itemType": "GON3JDO53HYHEHP",
"questionText": "In the post�World War II time period, the purpose of both the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the Warsaw Pact was to",
"correctAnswerText": "establish a military alliance",
"incorrectText1": "discourage religious toleration",
"incorrectText2": "promote economic self-sufficiency",
"incorrectText3": "eliminate political corruption"
}, {
"itemType": "17S7REU8QQJYUYZ",
"questionText": "Fidel Castro was successful at leading a revolution in Cuba because he gained the support of",
"correctAnswerText": "peasant farmers",
"incorrectText1": "wealthy landowners",
"incorrectText2": "government officials",
"incorrectText3": "foreign investors"
}, {
"itemType": "11Y568S0S231L12",
"questionText": "Which Southeast Asian nation fought in wars against Japan, France, and the United States during the 20th century?",
"correctAnswerText": "Vietnam",
"incorrectText1": "Myanmar (Burma)",
"incorrectText2": "Thailand",
"incorrectText3": "Philippines"
}, {
"itemType": "A21ZEU2LRRWODOM",
"questionText": "Which country was ruled by Pol Pot and the Khmer Rouge?",
"correctAnswerText": "Cambodia",
"incorrectText1": "Afghanistan",
"incorrectText2": "Kazakhstan",
"incorrectText3": "Bangladesh"
}, {
"itemType": "6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ",
"questionText": "The primary goal of the student protests in Tiananmen Square (1989) was to",
"correctAnswerText": "increase political freedom and rights in China",
"incorrectText1": "support the policies of the Chinese Communist Party",
"incorrectText2": "decrease the amount of Western influence in China",
"incorrectText3": "encourage the spread of industrialization throughout China"
}, {
"itemType": "LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0",
"questionText": "The policies of the European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) have both resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "an increase in interdependence",
"incorrectText1": "the expansion of totalitarianism",
"incorrectText2": "an improvement in containment efforts",
"incorrectText3": "the support of isolationist practices"
}, {
"itemType": "4M68F8AH54RB0JZ",
"questionText": "Which issue has raised significant environmental concerns in the Amazon Basin?",
"correctAnswerText": "deforestation",
"incorrectText1": "desertification",
"incorrectText2": "tsunami threats",
"incorrectText3": "acid rain"
}, {
"itemType": "R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ",
"questionText": "Many scientists believe global warming is the direct result of",
"correctAnswerText": "burning fossil fuels",
"incorrectText1": "using solar panels",
"incorrectText2": "generating nuclear power",
"incorrectText3": "producing hydroelectric power"
}, {
"itemType": "9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV",
"questionText": "Iran and North Korea attracted worldwide attention in the early 21st century because they both have",
"correctAnswerText": "developed nuclear capabilities",
"incorrectText1": "experienced widespread famine",
"incorrectText2": "discovered oil reserves",
"incorrectText3": "strengthened humanitarian practices"
}, {
"itemType": "FZLOFTA7JBEINNX",
"questionText": "The Neolithic Revolution was a turning point in history because",
"correctAnswerText": "alternatives to hunting and gathering developed",
"incorrectText1": "factories began to use assembly-line techniques",
"incorrectText2": "new inventions led to overseas exploration",
"incorrectText3": "the use of chemical fertilizers increased agricultural production"
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "One way in which the Atlantic slave trade and the Jewish diaspora are similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "forced people to migrate",
"incorrectText1": "encouraged the growth of secularism",
"incorrectText2": "created conditions leading to the Encounter",
"incorrectText3": "resulted from the fall of Constantinople"
}, {
"itemType": "2WTN2EZKLD1NA2I",
"questionText": "Peter the Great is to Russia as Emperor Meiji is to",
"correctAnswerText": "Japan",
"incorrectText1": "Mongolia",
"incorrectText2": "India",
"incorrectText3": "Korea"
}]
},
{
"itemId": "94EC1CB490507CEA7DDB448",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2013 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2013 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "One way in which the ancient Sumerians, Egyptians, and Mayas are similar is that these civilizations developed",
"correctAnswerText": "irrigation systems",
"incorrectText1": "iron weapons",
"incorrectText2": "wheeled vehicles",
"incorrectText3": "block printing systems"
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor contributed to the formation of independent city-states in ancient Greece?",
"correctAnswerText": " mountainous topography",
"incorrectText1": "tropical rainforests",
"incorrectText2": " fertile farmland",
"incorrectText3": " navigable rivers"
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "A person who practices Hinduism would most likely",
"correctAnswerText": "believe the Vedas are sacred",
"incorrectText1": "worship in a synagogue",
"incorrectText2": "pray facing Mecca",
"incorrectText3": "make a pilgrimage to Jerusalem"
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": " The strategic location of the Byzantine Empire allowed control of the key trade routes between the",
"correctAnswerText": " Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea",
"incorrectText1": "South China Sea and the Strait of Malacca",
"incorrectText2": "Caspian Sea and the Indian Ocean",
"incorrectText3": "North Sea and the English Channel"
}, {
"itemType": "5XGL523ABIUTY7R",
"questionText": "Which statement best characterizes Europe during the early Middle Ages?",
"correctAnswerText": "Manorialism developed to meet the people�s economic needs.",
"incorrectText1": "A centralized government provided law and order",
"incorrectText2": " People adopted humanism and questioned the Church.",
"incorrectText3": " People adopted humanism and questioned the Church."
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "Which statement about feudalism in Japan is an opinion rather than a fact?",
"correctAnswerText": " The Tokugawa period was probably the most peaceful period.",
"incorrectText1": "Samurai were expected to follow a code of conduct known as bushido.",
"incorrectText2": " A rigid social hierarchy led to limited social mobility.",
"incorrectText3": "The shogun was the supreme military leader."
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "Which description best fits the kingdoms of Ghana and Songhai?",
"correctAnswerText": " trading states of West Africa",
"incorrectText1": "vassal states of Egypt",
"incorrectText2": " micro-states of Southeast Asia",
"incorrectText3": " tributary states of China"
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": " Which achievement is most closely associated with Mansa Musa of Mali?",
"correctAnswerText": "an increase in the influence of Islam and Islamic culture",
"incorrectText1": "the discovery of diamonds in the Congo",
"incorrectText2": " the defeat and capture of Cairo",
"incorrectText3": " an exclusive trade agreement with European merchants"
}, {
"itemType": "3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5",
"questionText": "Which situation was a direct challenge to the political and religious authority of the Catholic Church?",
"correctAnswerText": "passage of the Act of Supremacy under Henry VIII",
"incorrectText1": " death sentence given to Joan of Arc",
"incorrectText2": " Reconquista of Spain conducted by Ferdinand and Isabella",
"incorrectText3": " establishment of the Jesuit order under Ignatius Loyola"
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": "As the Black Death spread in the mid-14th century, which region tended to experience the greatest loss of life?",
"correctAnswerText": " urban areas",
"incorrectText1": " rural farms",
"incorrectText2": "remote villages",
"incorrectText3": "mountainous areas"
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "The Ming dynasty under Emperor Yonglo (Zhu di) used Zheng He�s voyages to",
"correctAnswerText": "expand trade with Africa and Southeast Asia",
"incorrectText1": " explore North America and South America",
"incorrectText2": "obtain a military alliance with Russia",
"incorrectText3": "secure a border agreement with Mongolia"
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": " One reason Spain sponsored the first voyage of Columbus to the west was to",
"correctAnswerText": "find a more direct trade route to Asia",
"incorrectText1": "obtain military technology",
"incorrectText2": "make contact with the Empire of Benin",
"incorrectText3": "trade in established ports in the Americas"
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": "Which country is responsible for the extensive colonial use of the encomienda labor system?",
"correctAnswerText": " Spain",
"incorrectText1": " England",
"incorrectText2": "France",
"incorrectText3": " the Netherlands"
}, {
"itemType": "9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF",
"questionText": "The primary purpose of the Magna Carta (1215) was to",
"correctAnswerText": " limit the power of King John",
"incorrectText1": "install Oliver Cromwell as dictator",
"incorrectText2": " justify the Glorious Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "charter the British East India Company"
}, {
"itemType": "HARJ6XE78XNCXSA",
"questionText": "Which writer opposed political absolutism?",
"correctAnswerText": "John Locke",
"incorrectText1": "Niccol� Machiavelli",
"incorrectText2": " James I",
"incorrectText3": "Jacques-B�nigne Bossuet"
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": " One reason the Russian Empire was difficult to unite was that it",
"correctAnswerText": " had many diverse ethnic groups",
"incorrectText1": " possessed limited natural resources",
"incorrectText2": " served as a crossroads for trade",
"incorrectText3": "lacked a navy"
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "During the 1800s, the writings of Marx, Engels, and Dickens focused attention on the problems faced by",
"correctAnswerText": "industrial workers",
"incorrectText1": " factory owners",
"incorrectText2": "investment bankers",
"incorrectText3": "farm laborers"
}, {
"itemType": "IR07J676OISB4HU",
"questionText": "Which traits characterize a laissez-faire capitalist economic system?",
"correctAnswerText": " private property and profit incentive",
"incorrectText1": "slash-and-burn agriculture and animal-powered technology",
"incorrectText2": "central planning and government quotas",
"incorrectText3": "national health care and social security"
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "Which area of the world was most directly affected by the decisions made at the Berlin Conference?",
"correctAnswerText": "Africa",
"incorrectText1": "India",
"incorrectText2": "China",
"incorrectText3": "South America"
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "Which term is defined as payment for war damages?",
"correctAnswerText": " reparation",
"incorrectText1": " mandate",
"incorrectText2": "armistice",
"incorrectText3": "militarism"
}, {
"itemType": "3S3OX0N305A2N1R",
"questionText": "Which leader is responsible for westernizing Turkey and creating a secular government?",
"correctAnswerText": "Kemal Atat�rk",
"incorrectText1": "Ayatollah Khomeini",
"incorrectText2": "Saddam Hussein",
"incorrectText3": "Anwar Sadat"
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "The Long March is significant in Chinese history because it",
"correctAnswerText": " established Mao Zedong as a revolutionary leader",
"incorrectText1": "ended Japanese occupation of China",
"incorrectText2": "reinforced the concept of the Mandate of Heaven",
"incorrectText3": "caused the Boxer Rebellion"
}, {
"itemType": "YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP",
"questionText": "The primary goal of both the Indian National Congress in India and the Mau Mau movement in Kenya was to",
"correctAnswerText": "remove foreign control",
"incorrectText1": " establish military rule",
"incorrectText2": " colonize lands overseas",
"incorrectText3": "achieve social equality"
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "The main reason that oil-producing states formed the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was to",
"correctAnswerText": " influence the price of oil and set production levels",
"incorrectText1": "allow foreign ownership in oil fields",
"incorrectText2": " improve diplomatic relations with the West",
"incorrectText3": "lift economic sanctions and establish free trade"
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and the founding of Amnesty International (1961) are both associated with efforts to recognize and protect the",
"correctAnswerText": " dignity of individuals",
"incorrectText1": "economic diversity of nations",
"incorrectText2": " right of each nation to enforce its own laws",
"incorrectText3": "balance of power between nations"
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "Trade along the Silk Roads and the trans-Saharan trade routes resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diffusion between different societies",
"incorrectText1": "elimination of all traditional beliefs",
"incorrectText2": "a movement toward decolonization",
"incorrectText3": "the Columbian exchange"
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "One way in which the Justinian Code and the Napoleonic Code are similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "gave people a set of rules to follow",
"incorrectText1": "made slavery unacceptable",
"incorrectText2": "treated all equally under the law",
"incorrectText3": "provided for religious freedom"
}, {
"itemType": "M6L7YCS6YVBNI48",
"questionText": " A reason the Renaissance began in the Italian city-states was that they",
"correctAnswerText": "had wealth gained from trade with Constantinople ",
"incorrectText1": "rejected the power of the papacy",
"incorrectText2": "were unified by Garibaldi",
"incorrectText3": " prevented guilds from functioning"
}, {
"itemType": "TBIDXY8QT09WZDG",
"questionText": "With which event are Porfirio D�az, Francisco -Pancho- Villa, and Emiliano Zapata associated?",
"correctAnswerText": " Mexican Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "Conquest of the Incas",
"incorrectText2": " Argentinian Dirty War",
"incorrectText3": "Haitian coup d��tat"
}, {
"itemType": "QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD",
"questionText": "The Truman Doctrine and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) were United States responses to the",
"correctAnswerText": " communist threat after World War II",
"incorrectText1": "threat of the Nazis in the 1930s",
"incorrectText2": "fear of economic depression after World War I",
"incorrectText3": "concern about the partition of India in 1947"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "Opinion and bias in written historical sources illustrate the need to be aware of",
"correctAnswerText": "points of view",
"incorrectText1": "plagiarism",
"incorrectText2": " turning points",
"incorrectText3": " human rights"
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "Which social scientists primarily study the scarcity of resources and the distribution of goods and services?",
"correctAnswerText": " economists",
"incorrectText1": " anthropologists",
"incorrectText2": " political scientists",
"incorrectText3": "historians"
}, {
"itemType": "UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U",
"questionText": "Between 500 B.C. and A.D. 1500, the migration of the Bantu people of Africa led to the diffusion of",
"correctAnswerText": "languages and metallurgical skills",
"incorrectText1": "porcelain and cannons",
"incorrectText2": "camels and Islam",
"incorrectText3": " cuneiform and galley ships"
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "What was one reason for the decline of both the Han dynasty and the western Roman Empire?",
"correctAnswerText": "inability to force back foreign invaders",
"incorrectText1": "outbreak of war between religious groups",
"incorrectText2": "efforts of the middle class to gain power ",
"incorrectText3": " lack of a common currency"
}, {
"itemType": "8UKFL9QB8570RXP",
"questionText": "The Ten Commandments, the Eightfold Path, and the Five Pillars of Faith each serve to",
"correctAnswerText": "provide followers with a guide for living",
"incorrectText1": "establish systems of justice",
"incorrectText2": "establish distinctions between social classes",
"incorrectText3": "provide regulations for government workers"
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": "The introduction of the Cyrillic alphabet and Orthodox Christianity to Russia is most closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "Byzantine missionaries",
"incorrectText1": "Viking conquests",
"incorrectText2": "Alexander the Great�s armies",
"incorrectText3": "Ottoman expansion"
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "What was one result of the European Commercial Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "the development of capitalism",
"incorrectText1": "a decline in the spice trade",
"incorrectText2": "the destruction of the papacy",
"incorrectText3": "an increased reliance on bartering"
}, {
"itemType": "38CTTRF38X7325C",
"questionText": " One way in which Martin Luther�s Ninety-five Theses and Henry VIII�s Act of Supremacy are similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "challenge the authority of the Catholic Church",
"incorrectText1": " emphasize the importance of the Bible",
"incorrectText2": "caused the Thirty Years War",
"incorrectText3": "helped to unify Christendom"
}, {
"itemType": "BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9",
"questionText": "Niccol� Machiavelli wrote The Prince as a guide to success in",
"correctAnswerText": " politics",
"incorrectText1": "family life",
"incorrectText2": "economic undertakings",
"incorrectText3": " scholarship"
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "Which event marked the rise in power of the Ottoman Empire in 1453?",
"correctAnswerText": "conquest of Constantinople",
"incorrectText1": "birth of Muhammad",
"incorrectText2": " siege of Vienna",
"incorrectText3": " death of Saladin"
}, {
"itemType": "FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP",
"questionText": "Which step did Catherine the Great take that is consistent with Enlightenment ideas?",
"correctAnswerText": " considering a law code that would treat all citizens equally",
"incorrectText1": "ordering the burning of books",
"incorrectText2": "strengthening the institution of serfdom",
"incorrectText3": "expanding Russian territory into Ukraine"
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "Which geographic feature presented an obstacle to Sim�n Bol�var�s forces?",
"correctAnswerText": "Andes Mountains",
"incorrectText1": "Sahara Desert",
"incorrectText2": "Great Rift Valley",
"incorrectText3": "Strait of Malacca"
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "One way in which the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain in the 18th century and the potato blight in Ireland in the 19th century are similar is that they both led directly to",
"correctAnswerText": "significant human migrations",
"incorrectText1": "more equitable distribution of wealth",
"incorrectText2": "growth in the number of subsistence farmers",
"incorrectText3": "rapid increases in food production"
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "Which action did Japan take during the Meiji Restoration?",
"correctAnswerText": "sent experts to learn from modern Western nations",
"incorrectText1": "established a social system to benefit the samurai",
"incorrectText2": " allowed communist ideas to dominate its government",
"incorrectText3": "started an ambitious program to expel foreign manufacturers"
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "What was a major reason European nations competed for control of Africa during the second half of the 1800s?",
"correctAnswerText": "Africa had a wealth of natural resources.",
"incorrectText1": "Slave labor was needed in the Americas.",
"incorrectText2": "African nations offered religious and political freedom.",
"incorrectText3": "Europeans needed land for their excess population."
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "The belief that workers of the world would unite to overthrow their oppressors is central to",
"correctAnswerText": " Marxism",
"incorrectText1": " Social Darwinism",
"incorrectText2": "conservatism",
"incorrectText3": " laissez-faire capitalism"
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "The terms spheres of influence, extra-territoriality, and mandates are most closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "imperialism",
"incorrectText1": "collective security",
"incorrectText2": "militarism",
"incorrectText3": "self-sufficiency"
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "In Europe during the 1930s, economic instability led to the",
"correctAnswerText": "rise of fascist dictatorships",
"incorrectText1": "development of nuclear arms",
"incorrectText2": "abandonment of colonial territories",
"incorrectText3": "establishment of the League of Nations"
}, {
"itemType": "0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ",
"questionText": "Which development in the history of Cuba occurred first?",
"correctAnswerText": "Fidel Castro forcibly took power in Cuba.",
"incorrectText1": "The United States imposed a naval quarantine against Cuba. ",
"incorrectText2": "The Soviet Union built missile sites in Cuba.",
"incorrectText3": "The communist government in Cuba seized foreign properties."
}, {
"itemType": "LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z",
"questionText": "The creation of the European Union (EU) and of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was intended to",
"correctAnswerText": "benefit member nations through the reduction of tariffs ",
"incorrectText1": "implement sustainable energy policies",
"incorrectText2": "institute a system of impartial courts",
"incorrectText3": "establish stronger regional military alliances"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": " In which geographic region has Aung San Suu Kyi labored to bring about democratic reform?",
"correctAnswerText": "Southeast Asia",
"incorrectText1": " Middle East",
"incorrectText2": "Central Asia",
"incorrectText3": "West Africa"
}, {
"itemType": "TX38PQXUNZK77UN",
"questionText": "One way in which Hammurabi and Justinian are similar is that they successfully",
"correctAnswerText": "codified the laws of their empire",
"incorrectText1": "established public education systems",
"incorrectText2": " instituted democratic governments",
"incorrectText3": "separated church and state"
}, {
"itemType": "IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW",
"questionText": "One way in which the Treaty of Nanking and the Treaty of Versailles are similar is that in both treaties the provisions called for",
"correctAnswerText": " reparations to be paid by defeated countries",
"incorrectText1": "monarchs to be returned to their rightful places",
"incorrectText2": " existing borders to be maintained",
"incorrectText3": "peacekeeping organizations to be established"
}, {
"itemType": "B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68",
"questionText": "The Great Wall of China and the Berlin Wall were both intended to",
"correctAnswerText": "limit the movement of peoples",
"incorrectText1": "halt the spread of communism",
"incorrectText2": "isolate unpopular governments",
"incorrectText3": "keep people from smuggling illegal goods"
}, {
"itemType": "Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV",
"questionText": "One way in which Miguel Hidalgo, Ho Chi Minh, and Jomo Kenyatta are similar is that they all were",
"correctAnswerText": "leaders of independence movements",
"incorrectText1": "communist dictators",
"incorrectText2": "enlightened despots",
"incorrectText3": "advocates of liberation theology"
}, {
"itemType": "0WK63DOOS2FXIQR",
"questionText": "The Columbian exchange is most closely associated with the beginnings of ",
"correctAnswerText": " Results of the Spanish Reconquista",
"incorrectText1": " Characteristics of Feudal Europe",
"incorrectText2": "Essential Traits of the Italian City-States",
"incorrectText3": "Outcomes of the Glorious Revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "Which item would be considered a secondary source on World War I?",
"correctAnswerText": "magazine article on the 75th anniversary of the poem, -In Flanders Fields- ",
"incorrectText1": "map used by General Lanrezac in planning for the Battle of the Marne",
"incorrectText2": " diary of a soldier who fought in the Battle of the Somme",
"incorrectText3": "rifle instruction manual used by a Russian soldier on the Eastern Front"
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "Which body of water is located between Southwest Asia and Southeast Asia ? ",
"correctAnswerText": "Indian Ocean",
"incorrectText1": "Pacific Ocean",
"incorrectText2": "Caribbean Sea",
"incorrectText3": "Black Sea"
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "Which river system is found in Mesopotamia?",
"correctAnswerText": "Tigris and Euphrates rivers",
"incorrectText1": "Nile River",
"incorrectText2": "Yellow River",
"incorrectText3": "Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers"
}, {
"itemType": "RQFKPE3OR6A25JD",
"questionText": "The Bantu migrations in Africa (500 B.C.� A.D.1500) had the greatest impact on the development of modern African ",
"correctAnswerText": " languages",
"incorrectText1": "market systems",
"incorrectText2": " transportation systems",
"incorrectText3": " architecture"
}, {
"itemType": "I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ",
"questionText": "Oracle bones, Daoism, and the Mandate of Heaven are all associated with early civilizations in",
"correctAnswerText": " China",
"incorrectText1": " Egypt",
"incorrectText2": "Russia",
"incorrectText3": "India"
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "Which statement accurately describes the actions of Muslims during the Crusades?",
"correctAnswerText": "Muslims defended Jerusalem because it was sacred to them.",
"incorrectText1": "Most Muslims converted to Christianity.",
"incorrectText2": " Muslims attacked and conquered Constantinople.",
"incorrectText3": "Many Muslims visited Europe for the first time to obtain luxury goods."
}, {
"itemType": "34BUUBUS07QUA6M",
"questionText": " One important impact of the Mongol expansion across Asia and Europe was the",
"correctAnswerText": "rise in trade along the Silk Roads",
"incorrectText1": "increased authority of the Kievan princes",
"incorrectText2": " introduction of Hinduism into Chinese culture",
"incorrectText3": "maritime exploration of the Arabian seacoast"
}, {
"itemType": "NORRDWZROR868GG",
"questionText": "The economic wealth of Calicut, Mogadishu, and Venice in the 13th century was primarily dependent on their",
"correctAnswerText": "coastal locations",
"incorrectText1": "fertile soil",
"incorrectText2": "iron ore",
"incorrectText3": " gold mines"
}, {
"itemType": "20E6K97FCPOIUK3",
"questionText": "What was a direct result of the Black Death in Europe?",
"correctAnswerText": " A shortage of workers developed.",
"incorrectText1": "The rate of urbanization increased.",
"incorrectText2": "Food crops had to be imported from the Americas.",
"incorrectText3": " German states dominated trade in the eastern Mediterranean."
}, {
"itemType": "B7PFLDEF4F7G29R",
"questionText": "In The Prince, Niccol� Machiavelli was most concerned with",
"correctAnswerText": "the use of political power",
"incorrectText1": "the expansion of church authority",
"incorrectText2": " government regulation of the economy",
"incorrectText3": "equality and justice for all"
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "Which situation was an immediate cause for the collapse of the Aztec civilization?",
"correctAnswerText": "conquest by foreigners",
"incorrectText1": "disruption of overseas trade networks",
"incorrectText2": "a series of crop failures",
"incorrectText3": "a lack of military training"
}, {
"itemType": "IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0",
"questionText": "One way in which the reigns of Peter the Great and Catherine the Great are similar is that both leaders",
"correctAnswerText": " pursued a policy of westernization and expansion",
"incorrectText1": " promoted the emancipation of serfs",
"incorrectText2": " strengthened the role of the Duma and centralized royal power",
"incorrectText3": "shared their power with the Russian Orthodox Church"
}, {
"itemType": "6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP",
"questionText": "Which institution became stronger and limited the monarchy in order to end absolutism in England?",
"correctAnswerText": "Parliament",
"incorrectText1": "banks",
"incorrectText2": "universities",
"incorrectText3": " Anglican Church"
}, {
"itemType": "5WFRV6D1AF857M2",
"questionText": "Which idea is central to John Locke�s Two Treatises of Government ? ",
"correctAnswerText": " A government�s power comes from the consent of the people.",
"incorrectText1": "Predestination will determine who will go to heaven.",
"incorrectText2": "Famine, disease, and conflict are natural checks on population growth.",
"incorrectText3": "The have-nots will rise up and overthrow the government of the haves."
}, {
"itemType": "ICALETH1G91HXTE",
"questionText": "The Andes Mountains and the Amazon River basin affected Sim�n Bol�var�s efforts to bring about",
"correctAnswerText": "political unification",
"incorrectText1": " economic imperialism",
"incorrectText2": "religious solidarity",
"incorrectText3": "technological improvements"
}, {
"itemType": "5KYWZNHEGDGC56G",
"questionText": "The mass emigration of the Irish in the mid-19th century was primarily a result of",
"correctAnswerText": "famine",
"incorrectText1": "mandatory military service",
"incorrectText2": "civil war",
"incorrectText3": " farm mechanization"
}, {
"itemType": "5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK",
"questionText": "The 19th-century ideas of Social Darwinism and the -White Man�s Burden- were often used to justify ",
"correctAnswerText": "imperialism",
"incorrectText1": "isolationism",
"incorrectText2": " appeasement",
"incorrectText3": " disarmament"
}, {
"itemType": "8L2TET9XHNDJDY6",
"questionText": "Before 1914, nationalism in the Balkan Peninsula contributed to",
"correctAnswerText": "resistance by ethnic groups to Austrian rule",
"incorrectText1": "campaigns by foreign diplomats against the use of trench warfare",
"incorrectText2": "the inability of countries to make reparation payments",
"incorrectText3": "the rejection of the Versailles Treaty by combatants"
}, {
"itemType": "GON3JDO53HYHEHP",
"questionText": "Which statement regarding World War I is an opinion rather than a fact?",
"correctAnswerText": "Citizens of the Allied nations showed more patriotism than those of the Central Powers.",
"incorrectText1": "European countries increased the production of weapons during the war.",
"incorrectText2": "The governments of most countries stated that the period of conflict would be short.",
"incorrectText3": "Propaganda posters were used to gain support for the war."
}, {
"itemType": "17S7REU8QQJYUYZ",
"questionText": "Which action was taken by the Bolsheviks under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin?",
"correctAnswerText": "eliminating political opposition",
"incorrectText1": "supporting a traditional economy",
"incorrectText2": " surrendering to the Provisional Government",
"incorrectText3": " extending the war against Austria-Hungary"
}, {
"itemType": "11Y568S0S231L12",
"questionText": " An economic change introduced in the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin would include",
"correctAnswerText": " collectivizing agriculture",
"incorrectText1": "establishing free-market reforms ",
"incorrectText2": "boycotting Baltic Sea trade routes",
"incorrectText3": "focusing on the production of consumer goods"
}, {
"itemType": "A21ZEU2LRRWODOM",
"questionText": "Which of these World War II events happened first?",
"correctAnswerText": "invasion of Poland ",
"incorrectText1": "Battle of Britain",
"incorrectText2": "D-Day invasion",
"incorrectText3": " dropping of an atomic bomb on Hiroshima"
}, {
"itemType": "6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ",
"questionText": "In what way were Korea and Germany similar after World War II?",
"correctAnswerText": "Both remained divided during the Cold War.",
"incorrectText1": "They refused to align with the superpowers.",
"incorrectText2": "Their former emperors stood trial for war crimes.",
"incorrectText3": "Ethnic tensions threatened civil war in each country."
}, {
"itemType": "LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0",
"questionText": "A goal of both the European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is to",
"correctAnswerText": "reduce trade barriers between member nations",
"incorrectText1": " decrease competition between key industries",
"incorrectText2": " control the supply of oil available to industrialized nations",
"incorrectText3": "increase nationalism in western nations"
}, {
"itemType": "4M68F8AH54RB0JZ",
"questionText": "Which Chinese leader is most closely associated with leading the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "Mao Zedong",
"incorrectText1": "Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen)",
"incorrectText2": " Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek)",
"incorrectText3": "Deng Xiaoping"
}, {
"itemType": "R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ",
"questionText": "Why did large numbers of Hindus and Muslims migrate immediately after India gained its independence?",
"correctAnswerText": "The subcontinent was divided into countries based primarily on the location of religious majorities.",
"incorrectText1": "Many jobs were being outsourced overseas.",
"incorrectText2": "The government offered housing incentives in newly developed areas.",
"incorrectText3": "Religious pilgrimages to neighboring countries were required based on their beliefs."
}, {
"itemType": "9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV",
"questionText": "F. W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela received the Nobel Peace Prize for their work to end the",
"correctAnswerText": "discriminatory policy of apartheid",
"incorrectText1": "foreign control of the diamond mines",
"incorrectText2": " anarchy in Somalia",
"incorrectText3": "Boer War"
}, {
"itemType": "FZLOFTA7JBEINNX",
"questionText": "Pol Pot, the Khmer Rouge, the -killing fields,- and Year Zero are all associated with a violent period in which country?",
"correctAnswerText": "Cambodia",
"incorrectText1": "Vietnam",
"incorrectText2": "China",
"incorrectText3": "Korea"
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "Which condition, in combination with drought, has most directly forced the migration of people out of the southern regions bordering the Sahara?",
"correctAnswerText": " desertification",
"incorrectText1": "urbanization",
"incorrectText2": "coastal pollution",
"incorrectText3": "wildlife tourism"
}, {
"itemType": "2WTN2EZKLD1NA2I",
"questionText": "What is one factor that has affected economic development in southern African nations in the 21st century?",
"correctAnswerText": "spread of the AIDS epidemic",
"incorrectText1": "reliance on coffee exports",
"incorrectText2": "equal distribution of wealth",
"incorrectText3": "establishment of communist governments"
}, {
"itemType": "5S395ACMQUGANID",
"questionText": "The workers in industrial countries must create a revolution, overthrow the existing governments using force if necessary, and then create a new classless society.",
"correctAnswerText": "Karl Marx",
"incorrectText1": "Mikhail Gorbachev",
"incorrectText2": " Jomo Kenyatta",
"incorrectText3": "Kemal Atat�rk"
}, {
"itemType": "C3G8TIBPN3R75J7",
"questionText": "The Nuremberg laws are best described as",
"correctAnswerText": "anti-Semitic laws of 20th-century Germany",
"incorrectText1": "efforts of the Roman Catholic Church to punish heresy ",
"incorrectText2": "major articles in the Declaration of the Rights of Man",
"incorrectText3": "specific laws contained in Justinian�s Code"
}, {
"itemType": "N5DKB90KJBRZ7LK",
"questionText": "Which factor aided Russian troops in defeating Napoleon�s armies and Soviet forces in defeating Hitler�s armies?",
"correctAnswerText": "severe winters",
"incorrectText1": " mountain passes",
"incorrectText2": " superior air forces",
"incorrectText3": "United Nations peacekeepers"
}, {
"itemType": "LDLBICMUYYJJXFM",
"questionText": "The treatment of untouchables in India, the treatment of Jews during the Holocaust, and the treatment of Chinese student demonstrators in Tiananmen Square are all examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "human rights violations",
"incorrectText1": "fascist policies",
"incorrectText2": "extraterritoriality",
"incorrectText3": "excommunication"
}, {
"itemType": "ADH99R0N2E3WDB2",
"questionText": " One way in which Toussaint L�Ouverture, Kwame Nkrumah, and Ho Chi Minh are similar is that each leader",
"correctAnswerText": "fought to free his country from European control",
"incorrectText1": "opposed the role of the Roman Catholic Church in politics",
"incorrectText2": "established the first democratic government in his country",
"incorrectText3": "embraced the principles of civil disobedience"
}]
},
{
"itemId": "6D7630A0333419BC3351CC5",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2014 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2014 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{
"itemType": "FU9DRRDLASG0B18",
"questionText": "-Price of Oil Hits Record High- -Tribes Fight Over Control of Natural Resources- -Government Rations Goods for Duration of War- These headlines all relate to the economic concept of",
"correctAnswerText": "scarcity",
"incorrectText1": "overproduction",
"incorrectText2": "entrepreneurship",
"incorrectText3": "interdependence"
}, {
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "Which nation is located on a peninsula?",
"correctAnswerText": "Saudi Arabia",
"incorrectText1": "Brazil",
"incorrectText2": "Philippines",
"incorrectText3": "Austria"
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "The Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra were important to ancient India because they were",
"correctAnswerText": "great rivers that flowed through India�s fertile northern plain",
"incorrectText1": "high mountain ranges that protected India from invasion",
"incorrectText2": "Aryan gods to whom the priests prayed for rain",
"incorrectText3": "ruling dynasties that united the people of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro"
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "What was one of the most important contributions of the Greek city-state of Athens?",
"correctAnswerText": "development of direct democracy",
"incorrectText1": "diffusion of a monotheistic belief system",
"incorrectText2": "promotion of the equality of all humans",
"incorrectText3": "creation of a writing system using hieroglyphics"
}, {
"itemType": "V1LX77TKH98RRK5",
"questionText": "Which belief system was the basis for the civil service exams given during the Han, Tang, and Song dynasties?",
"correctAnswerText": "Confucianism",
"incorrectText1": "legalism",
"incorrectText2": "Buddhism",
"incorrectText3": "Daoism"
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "Which statement about the Islamic Golden Age is a fact rather than an opinion?",
"correctAnswerText": "Knowledge of astronomy was used by Muslims to fulfill religious obligations.",
"incorrectText1": "Islamic medicine was more advanced than Chinese medicine.",
"incorrectText2": "Poetry and literature were more important fields of study for Muslims than was mathematics.",
"incorrectText3": "Islamic philosophies relied less on Greek philosophical masters than on Indian philosophical masters."
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "The early eastern European Slavic civilization at Kiev adopted the Eastern Orthodox religion, the Cyrillic alphabet, and certain styles of art and architecture as a result of",
"correctAnswerText": "trade with the Byzantine Empire",
"incorrectText1": "wars with Japan",
"incorrectText2": "conquests by Mongol invaders",
"incorrectText3": "visits to western European countries"
}, {
"itemType": "W51PW4MEE1QROQ1",
"questionText": "China, Korea, and Japan share cultural similarities in part due to their",
"correctAnswerText": "contacts through trade",
"incorrectText1": "clashes with Russian imperialists",
"incorrectText2": "shared river systems",
"incorrectText3": "unification under Mongol rule"
}, {
"itemType": "5XGL523ABIUTY7R",
"questionText": "The development of banking during the Commercial Revolution in western Europe was significant because it",
"correctAnswerText": "provided capital resources to merchants for investment",
"incorrectText1": "allowed peasant farmers to finance the construction of new homes",
"incorrectText2": "enabled the proletariat to challenge the bourgeoisie",
"incorrectText3": "created pensions for retired workers"
}, {
"itemType": "4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT",
"questionText": "In general, in which direction did the Black Death spread during the 14th century?",
"correctAnswerText": "from Asia to Europe",
"incorrectText1": "from Europe to the Americas",
"incorrectText2": "from Africa to Southeast Asia",
"incorrectText3": "from the Americas to Asia"
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "One result of the Protestant Reformation was",
"correctAnswerText": "a decline in religious unity in western Europe",
"incorrectText1": "fewer challenges to Church authority",
"incorrectText2": "the disbanding of the Jesuit order",
"incorrectText3": "a weakening of the Inquisition"
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "For which achievement is Suleiman the Magnificent best known?",
"correctAnswerText": "uniting the Ottoman Empire under an efficient government structure",
"incorrectText1": "building the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem",
"incorrectText2": "spreading Christianity into the Balkan Peninsula",
"incorrectText3": "conquering the Russian capital of Moscow"
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": "Which technological development enabled European navigators to determine their location during the Age of Exploration?",
"correctAnswerText": "astrolabe",
"incorrectText1": "lateen sail",
"incorrectText2": "cross bow",
"incorrectText3": "caravel"
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "The Encounter occurred as a result of European explorers crossing the",
"correctAnswerText": "Atlantic Ocean",
"incorrectText1": "Sahara Desert",
"incorrectText2": "Andes Mountains",
"incorrectText3": "Mediterranean Sea"
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": "In colonial Spanish America, which system was developed by the Spanish to support plantation agriculture?",
"correctAnswerText": "encomienda ",
"incorrectText1": "barter",
"incorrectText2": "domestic",
"incorrectText3": "guild"
}, {
"itemType": "8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS",
"questionText": "What happened in Russia as a result of actions taken by Peter the Great?",
"correctAnswerText": "Russia borrowed Western ideas and expanded its territories.",
"incorrectText1": "Russia was weakened by French invasions.",
"incorrectText2": "Catholicism was adopted as the state religion.",
"incorrectText3": "The Duma was reformed and the serfs were freed."
}, {
"itemType": "9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF",
"questionText": "Why is the Enlightenment considered a turning point in world history?",
"correctAnswerText": "Europeans changed their thinking about the role of government.",
"incorrectText1": "The factory system was used to mass-produce goods.",
"incorrectText2": "Martin Luther broke away from the Roman Catholic Church.",
"incorrectText3": "The Columbian exchange occurred."
}, {
"itemType": "HARJ6XE78XNCXSA",
"questionText": "One way in which Robespierre and Louis XVI of France are similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "were removed from power during the French Revolution",
"incorrectText1": "adopted ideas of the Congress of Vienna",
"incorrectText2": "implemented policies of religious tolerance",
"incorrectText3": "decreased government control of the economy"
}, {
"itemType": "8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A",
"questionText": "One way in which Toussaint L�Ouverture, Sim�n Bol�var, and Jos� de San Mart�n are similar is that they all were",
"correctAnswerText": "leaders of independence movements",
"incorrectText1": "supporters of mercantile policies",
"incorrectText2": "democratically elected leaders",
"incorrectText3": "industrial labor reformers"
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "Which geographic feature most aided England during the Industrial Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "natural harbors",
"incorrectText1": "desert climate",
"incorrectText2": "mountainous terrain",
"incorrectText3": "monsoon winds"
}, {
"itemType": "BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM",
"questionText": "Mass starvation in Ireland in the 1840s led directly to the",
"correctAnswerText": "migration of people overseas",
"incorrectText1": "formation of communes",
"incorrectText2": "granting of independence",
"incorrectText3": "usage of petrochemical fertilizers"
}, {
"itemType": "HSF4BRDGX2SXB69",
"questionText": "One major reason European countries engaged in imperialism in the late 19th century was to",
"correctAnswerText": "obtain markets for their manufactured goods",
"incorrectText1": "gain a better understanding of unknown territories",
"incorrectText2": "ease tensions with their rivals",
"incorrectText3": "develop treatments for diseases"
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "One way in which Emperor Meiji of Japan and Kemal Atat�rk of Turkey are similar is that they both",
"correctAnswerText": "worked to modernize their nations",
"incorrectText1": "crushed secessionist movements",
"incorrectText2": "conquered eastern neighboring territories",
"incorrectText3": "protested against economic sanctions"
}, {
"itemType": "IR07J676OISB4HU",
"questionText": "Which development occurred in Germany as a result of the terms imposed by the Treaty of Versailles?",
"correctAnswerText": "political instability",
"incorrectText1": "Soviet occupation",
"incorrectText2": "overseas expansion",
"incorrectText3": "economic prosperity"
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "The original goal of Pan-Africanism was to",
"correctAnswerText": "promote a united Africa",
"incorrectText1": "demand democratic reforms",
"incorrectText2": "encourage ethnic rivalry",
"incorrectText3": "divide Africa into separate countries"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "The establishment of the independent countries of Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Yugoslavia was the result of",
"correctAnswerText": "World War I",
"incorrectText1": "the Franco-Prussian War",
"incorrectText2": "the Berlin Conference",
"incorrectText3": "the Munich Pact"
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "Which goal was most important to the Indian nationalist movement?",
"correctAnswerText": "independence from British rule",
"incorrectText1": "establishing a laissez-faire economy",
"incorrectText2": "forming a totalitarian state",
"incorrectText3": "expansion of territory"
}, {
"itemType": "3S3OX0N305A2N1R",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor was most significant in helping the Soviet Union withstand German attacks in World War II?",
"correctAnswerText": "Distance and harsh winters disrupted German supply lines.",
"incorrectText1": "Extensive food-producing areas kept the Soviet armies well fed.",
"incorrectText2": "Numerous ports along the Arctic Sea allowed for the refueling of Soviet transport ships.",
"incorrectText3": "The Ural Mountains served as a barrier to advancing German armies."
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "Which geographic region has the greatest number of members in the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)?",
"correctAnswerText": "Middle East",
"incorrectText1": "South America",
"incorrectText2": "Southeast Asia",
"incorrectText3": "sub-Saharan Africa "
}, {
"itemType": "YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP",
"questionText": "The economic policies of Mikhail Gorbachev of the Soviet Union and of Deng Xiaoping of China included",
"correctAnswerText": "elements of capitalism",
"incorrectText1": "boycotts on foreign products",
"incorrectText2": "a one-child policy",
"incorrectText3": "a reliance on agricultural self-sufficiency"
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "What was the main reason refugees fled Rwanda in the 1990s?",
"correctAnswerText": "ethnic conflict",
"incorrectText1": "expansion of the Sahel",
"incorrectText2": "devastation from an earthquake",
"incorrectText3": "Cold War tensions"
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "What is one way the conflict between India and Pakistan over Kashmir and the conflict between the Palestinians and Israelis in the Middle East are similar?",
"correctAnswerText": "Both conflicts concern territorial and religious issues.",
"incorrectText1": " Hostilities within these regions were provoked by the United Nations.",
"incorrectText2": "Both conflicts emerged as a result of the breakup of the Soviet Union.",
"incorrectText3": "Tensions in these regions were caused by efforts to remain nonaligned."
}, {
"itemType": "9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI",
"questionText": "The creation of the European Union (EU) and of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) were efforts to",
"correctAnswerText": "attain economic benefits through regional organization",
"incorrectText1": "achieve world peace through military alliances",
"incorrectText2": "reduce resource depletion through economic planning",
"incorrectText3": "address environmental problems through coordinated research"
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "Since 1999, what has been the primary role of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in world affairs?",
"correctAnswerText": "carrying out crisis management and peace enforcement tasks",
"incorrectText1": "conducting war crimes trials",
"incorrectText2": "protecting Western Europe from Soviet aggression",
"incorrectText3": "lowering tariffs between member nations"
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "Which current global problem was initiated with the development of atomic weapons?",
"correctAnswerText": "threats to world peace from unrestricted nuclear proliferation",
"incorrectText1": "increased health risks for humans and animals from industrial pollution",
"incorrectText2": "elevated carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to the deforestation of the rainforests",
"incorrectText3": "changes in world weather patterns and species habitats due to melting polar ice caps"
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "The Neolithic Revolution is most closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "domesticating plants and animals",
"incorrectText1": "using child labor in factories",
"incorrectText2": "learning to control fire",
"incorrectText3": "developing iron technology"
}, {
"itemType": "M6L7YCS6YVBNI48",
"questionText": "Which sequence places these laws in the correct chronological order?",
"correctAnswerText": "Code of Hammurabi ? Twelve Tables ? Justinian Code ? Napoleonic Code",
"incorrectText1": "Code of Hammurabi ? Justinian Code ? Napoleonic Code ? Twelve Tables",
"incorrectText2": "Justinian Code ? Twelve Tables ? Napoleonic Code ? Code of Hammurabi",
"incorrectText3": "Twelve Tables ? Napoleonic Code ? Code of Hammurabi ? Justinian Code"
}, {
"itemType": "TBIDXY8QT09WZDG",
"questionText": "Which philosophy that was developed during the Renaissance is associated with a shift in focus away from religious subjects toward more secular subjects?",
"correctAnswerText": "humanism",
"incorrectText1": "communism",
"incorrectText2": "absolutism",
"incorrectText3": "scholasticism"
}, {
"itemType": "IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU",
"questionText": "One similarity in the rule of Akbar the Great and the rule of Elizabeth I is that both leaders implemented policies that encouraged",
"correctAnswerText": "religious toleration",
"incorrectText1": "compulsory education",
"incorrectText2": "military disarmament",
"incorrectText3": "voter participation"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "One way in which the caste system in traditional India and the Estates system of pre-revolutionary France are similar is that",
"correctAnswerText": "social mobility was very limited",
"incorrectText1": "occupations were attained by merit",
"incorrectText2": "status was determined by education",
"incorrectText3": "impact on the daily lives of people was minimal"
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "� Opium War (1839�1842) � Taiping Rebellion (1850�1864) � Boxer Rebellion (1898�1901) . This series of events is most closely associated with the",
"correctAnswerText": "growing concerns about the influence of the West in China",
"incorrectText1": "spread of communism to China and Korea",
"incorrectText2": "alliance formed between Vietnam and China",
"incorrectText3": "increasing expansion of civil and political rights in China"
}, {
"itemType": "UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U",
"questionText": "Forced famine in Ukraine (1932�1933) was a direct result of",
"correctAnswerText": "Joseph Stalin�s collectivization",
"incorrectText1": "Czar Nicholas�s involvement in World War I",
"incorrectText2": "Vladmir Lenin�s New Economic Policy",
"incorrectText3": "Nikita Khrushchev�s removal from power"
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "-River of Sorrows Floods Again- -Thousands Missing After Huang He Overflows- -Over 10 Million Reported Homeless After 1931 Flooding- These newspaper headlines describe the effects of geography on the people of",
"correctAnswerText": "China",
"incorrectText1": "India",
"incorrectText2": "Japan",
"incorrectText3": "Vietnam"
}, {
"itemType": "8UKFL9QB8570RXP",
"questionText": "People do not often create records for the benefit of historians. They produce them for other reasons.� � Chris Hinton, 1998.  Based on this statement, historical sources often contain",
"correctAnswerText": "evidence that can be biased",
"incorrectText1": "facts that are completely balanced and reliable",
"incorrectText2": "accounts that represent all points of view",
"incorrectText3": "summaries that detail research about the distant past"
}, {
"itemType": "FX96LMXJUNBPTWL",
"questionText": "Which concept is essential to the study of economic systems?",
"correctAnswerText": "factors of production",
"incorrectText1": "self-determination",
"incorrectText2": "citizenship",
"incorrectText3": "human rights"
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": "Which major geographic feature has hindered cultural diffusion between India and China?",
"correctAnswerText": "Himalaya Mountains",
"incorrectText1": "Gobi Desert",
"incorrectText2": "Deccan Plateau",
"incorrectText3": "Great Rift Valley"
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "Which statement about the Bantu migration is an opinion rather than a fact?",
"correctAnswerText": "Bantu civilization was superior to those civilizations that it displaced.",
"incorrectText1": "The migration occurred gradually over a long period of time.",
"incorrectText2": "Language and knowledge spread from northwestern to southern and eastern Africa.",
"incorrectText3": "The lack of primary documents makes it difficult to determine the exact cause of the migration."
}, {
"itemType": "HI4X8VLDXB6CU97",
"questionText": "Historically, the Huang He has also been known as the -River of Sorrows- because",
"correctAnswerText": "floods have destroyed crops and villages",
"incorrectText1": "frozen ports have made trade difficult",
"incorrectText2": "cataracts have made transportation impossible",
"incorrectText3": "burials have taken place at the sacred waters"
}, {
"itemType": "38CTTRF38X7325C",
"questionText": "Both the Han dynasty and the Roman Empire were known for",
"correctAnswerText": "having long periods of stable government",
"incorrectText1": "developing decentralized political structures",
"incorrectText2": "having governments dominated by a merchant class",
"incorrectText3": "using examinations to select officials"
}, {
"itemType": "BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9",
"questionText": "Which belief system is considered monotheistic?",
"correctAnswerText": "Judaism",
"incorrectText1": "Confucianism",
"incorrectText2": "Shinto",
"incorrectText3": "animism"
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "The Golden Age of India�s Gupta Empire is known for its",
"correctAnswerText": "advancements in mathematics and medicine",
"incorrectText1": "development of gunpowder",
"incorrectText2": "sea trade routes to Europe",
"incorrectText3": "acceptance of Christianity as an official religion"
}, {
"itemType": "SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor enabled the cities of Nanjing and Mogadishu to develop into powerful trading centers?",
"correctAnswerText": "location on waterways",
"incorrectText1": "abundance of natural resources",
"incorrectText2": "predictable rainfall from the monsoon cycle",
"incorrectText3": "access to mountain passes"
}, {
"itemType": "YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3",
"questionText": "Development and expansion of banking, insurance companies, and stock exchanges were essential to the system of",
"correctAnswerText": "capitalism",
"incorrectText1": "feudalism",
"incorrectText2": "tribute",
"incorrectText3": "bartering"
}, {
"itemType": "MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI",
"questionText": "A key feature of European Renaissance culture was",
"correctAnswerText": "an outlook emphasizing classicism, secularism, and individualism",
"incorrectText1": "a reliance on the Pope and his knights to maintain political stability",
"incorrectText2": "a shift in production from the domestic system to the factory system",
"incorrectText3": "a way of thinking stressing humility and Christian faith"
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII all played a key role in the",
"correctAnswerText": "end of religious unity in Europe",
"incorrectText1": "attempts made to reclaim the Holy Land",
"incorrectText2": "fall of the Ottoman Empire",
"incorrectText3": "establishment of parliamentary democracy in Britain"
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "The practice of Islam throughout much of West Africa is evidence that",
"correctAnswerText": "Islam spread beyond the borders of the Arabian peninsula",
"incorrectText1": "Chinese trade carried Islamic beliefs to West Africa",
"incorrectText2": "Islam originated in West Africa and spread to the Middle East",
"incorrectText3": "Europeans encouraged Islamic beliefs during the colonial period"
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "Which statement is consistent with the ideas of Niccol� Machiavelli?",
"correctAnswerText": "The law should be subject to the will of the leader.",
"incorrectText1": "Democratic principles should be followed faithfully.",
"incorrectText2": "Human rights should be respected in all countries.",
"incorrectText3": "Markets should operate with little governmental interference."
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "What was a major cause for the shift in European trade from the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean during the late 1400s?",
"correctAnswerText": "Ottoman Turks seized control of Constantinople.",
"incorrectText1": "The Ming dynasty authorized Zheng He to make long-distance voyages.",
"incorrectText2": "The Tokugawa shogunate adopted an isolationist policy.",
"incorrectText3": "Christian crusaders captured Jerusalem."
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "The location of the Inca civilization of South America demonstrates the",
"correctAnswerText": "ability of humans to adapt the environment",
"incorrectText1": "importance of trade with western Europe",
"incorrectText2": "influence of cultural diversity",
"incorrectText3": "complexity of indigenous belief systems"
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "Why is Ferdinand Magellan�s voyage considered a turning point in world history?",
"correctAnswerText": "One of his ships was the first to circumnavigate Earth.",
"incorrectText1": "Portugal�s claims to southern Africa were established.",
"incorrectText2": "His ship was the first to land in the Americas.",
"incorrectText3": "Britain�s control of the seas ended."
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "In the 17th and 18th centuries, the primary goal of mercantilism as practiced by European countries was to",
"correctAnswerText": "increase their supply of gold and silver through a favorable balance of trade",
"incorrectText1": "glorify the power and aggressiveness of the military",
"incorrectText2": "create laws which guaranteed individual freedoms",
"incorrectText3": "teach the natives Christianity and offer them protection in exchange for labor"
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "The impact of the printing press, astrolabe, and caravel on 16th-century Europe demonstrates the ability of technology to",
"correctAnswerText": "redefine human understanding of the world",
"incorrectText1": "limit which ideas can be transmitted",
"incorrectText2": "reinforce established traditional beliefs",
"incorrectText3": "exploit new sources of energy"
}, {
"itemType": "0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ",
"questionText": "One way in which Peter the Great, Louis XIV, and Philip II are similar is that each",
"correctAnswerText": "sought to centralize power by limiting the power of the nobility",
"incorrectText1": "supported missionary efforts of the Roman Catholic Church",
"incorrectText2": "fought to block the establishment of British colonies in the Western Hemisphere",
"incorrectText3": "challenged feudal practices by emancipating serfs"
}, {
"itemType": "LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z",
"questionText": "New scientific knowledge and understandings that developed during the Scientific Revolution were most often based on",
"correctAnswerText": "observation and experimentation",
"incorrectText1": "church law and faith",
"incorrectText2": "superstition and ancient practices",
"incorrectText3": "geometric formulas and astrology"
}, {
"itemType": "6J6SIRWPNI6IONR",
"questionText": "Which pair correctly links the region where Enlightenment ideas first developed to a region to which those ideas spread?",
"correctAnswerText": "western Europe ? the Americas",
"incorrectText1": "Asia ? eastern Europe",
"incorrectText2": "Africa ? southeastern Asia",
"incorrectText3": "eastern Africa ? India"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "Baron de Montesquieu believed that a separation of powers would",
"correctAnswerText": "prevent tyranny by acting as a check on power",
"incorrectText1": "restore authority to the Roman Catholic Church",
"incorrectText2": "increase corruption of political authority",
"incorrectText3": "decrease the power of the middle class"
}, {
"itemType": "TX38PQXUNZK77UN",
"questionText": "Which mountains were an obstacle to Sim�n Bol�var�s efforts to unify Gran Colombia?",
"correctAnswerText": "Andes",
"incorrectText1": "Alps",
"incorrectText2": "Zagros",
"incorrectText3": "Urals"
}, {
"itemType": "IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW",
"questionText": "� Abundant coal resources � Development of steam power � Building of an extensive canal system. In the late 1700s, these conditions allowed the Industrial Revolution to begin in",
"correctAnswerText": "England",
"incorrectText1": "Japan",
"incorrectText2": "Russia",
"incorrectText3": "Germany"
}, {
"itemType": "B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68",
"questionText": "Laissez-faire practices are most closely associated with a",
"correctAnswerText": "market economy",
"incorrectText1": "traditional economy",
"incorrectText2": "command economy",
"incorrectText3": "mixed economy"
}, {
"itemType": "Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV",
"questionText": "As a result of the Russo-Japanese War, Japan came to be seen by Europeans as",
"correctAnswerText": "an emerging global threat",
"incorrectText1": "a likely area for colonization",
"incorrectText2": "the strongest of the imperialist countries",
"incorrectText3": "a leader in the movement for nonalignment"
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "Which condition is most closely associated with Mexico between 1910 and 1930?",
"correctAnswerText": "revolutions and political instability",
"incorrectText1": "establishment of a state religion",
"incorrectText2": "rapid industrialization by locally owned corporations",
"incorrectText3": "widespread support for foreign intervention"
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "The difficult, year-long journey made by Mao Zedong and his Communist followers in 1934 through China�s mountains, marshes, and rivers was called the",
"correctAnswerText": "Long March",
"incorrectText1": "Cultural Revolution",
"incorrectText2": "Boxer Rebellion",
"incorrectText3": "Great Leap Forward"
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "Which statement about the Soviet economy under Joseph Stalin is accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "The Soviet Union increased its power by developing heavy industry.",
"incorrectText1": "The government reduced its role in planning industrial production.",
"incorrectText2": "Farmers were encouraged to compete in a free market economy.",
"incorrectText3": "A large selection of consumer goods became available in the Soviet Union."
}, {
"itemType": "RQFKPE3OR6A25JD",
"questionText": "In the 1940s, the leadership of the Indian National Congress and the leadership of the Muslim League supported the goal of",
"correctAnswerText": "removing British control from the subcontinent",
"incorrectText1": "helping the British fight World War II",
"incorrectText2": "abolishing caste distinctions and discrimination",
"incorrectText3": "establishing a unified government based on religious teachings"
}, {
"itemType": "I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ",
"questionText": "Immediately after World War II, which country exerted political and economic control over Poland, Hungary, and Romania?",
"correctAnswerText": "Soviet Union",
"incorrectText1": "France",
"incorrectText2": "United States",
"incorrectText3": "Great Britain"
}, {
"itemType": "6KQZN538LCU7K9W",
"questionText": "The main reason oil-producing states formed the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was to",
"correctAnswerText": "influence the price of oil and set production levels",
"incorrectText1": "promote foreign ownership of oil fields",
"incorrectText2": "lift economic sanctions and establish free trade",
"incorrectText3": "improve trade relations with the West"
}, {
"itemType": "XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG",
"questionText": "What was a goal of the student protestors in Tiananmen Square in 1989?",
"correctAnswerText": "democratic reforms",
"incorrectText1": "independence for Taiwan",
"incorrectText2": "removal of troops from South Korea",
"incorrectText3": "access to foreign products"
}, {
"itemType": "LFNB87QHK1KPSO1",
"questionText": "What is one way post�World War II North Korea and post�World War II East Germany are similar?",
"correctAnswerText": "Both communist governments faced economic stagnation.",
"incorrectText1": "Monarchies were reestablished in both countries.",
"incorrectText2": "Democratic principles flourished in both countries.",
"incorrectText3": "Both countries threatened to use chemical weapons against China."
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "� Tutsis and Hutus in Rwanda � Russians and Chechens in southwestern Russia � Tamils and Sinhalese in Sri Lanka. In the 1990s, which situation characterized the relationship of the peoples listed for each of these regions?",
"correctAnswerText": "brutal civil conflict",
"incorrectText1": "cooperative political compromise",
"incorrectText2": "development of a shared economy",
"incorrectText3": "movement toward religious toleration"
}, {
"itemType": "34BUUBUS07QUA6M",
"questionText": "During the 20th century, in which area has deforestation been a significant environmental issue due to the expansion of industrial mining, the growth of corporate farms, and the development of new road networks?",
"correctAnswerText": "Amazon Basin",
"incorrectText1": "Sahara Desert",
"incorrectText2": "Tibetan Plateau",
"incorrectText3": "Ukrainian Steppe"
}, {
"itemType": "B7PFLDEF4F7G29R",
"questionText": "Which feature is considered a natural barrier?",
"correctAnswerText": "Great Rift Valley",
"incorrectText1": "Aswan Dam",
"incorrectText2": "Panama Canal",
"incorrectText3": "Great Wall of China"
}, {
"itemType": "5MH112LCJ8OZFJM",
"questionText": "A library�s holdings include the following title: A Forgotten Kingdom, Being a Record of the results obtained from the excavation of two mounds, Atchana and Al Mina, in the Turkish Hatay. Which field of study would have been most responsible for conducting the excavation?",
"correctAnswerText": "archaeology",
"incorrectText1": "economics",
"incorrectText2": "sociology",
"incorrectText3": "political science"
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "Which practice is closely associated with most ancient river valley civilizations?",
"correctAnswerText": "using irrigation systems",
"incorrectText1": "recording events in cave paintings",
"incorrectText2": "developing democratic traditions",
"incorrectText3": "spreading monotheistic religious customs"
}, {
"itemType": "9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ",
"questionText": "Which achievement played an important role in pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations?",
"correctAnswerText": "production of corn",
"incorrectText1": "use of gunpowder",
"incorrectText2": "domestication of horses",
"incorrectText3": "development of sugar plantations"
}, {
"itemType": "CRTDFM43DP4R453",
"questionText": "One way in which filial piety in Confucian China and citizenship in ancient Athens are similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "emphasized duties and responsibilities in society",
"incorrectText1": "encouraged the development of advanced technology",
"incorrectText2": "promoted respect for the physical environment",
"incorrectText3": "required that legalist principles be followed"
}, {
"itemType": "6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP",
"questionText": "Which group used the stirrup, skilled horsemanship, and siege warfare techniques to conquer much of Asia and part of Europe in the 12th and 13th centuries?",
"correctAnswerText": "Mongols",
"incorrectText1": "Japanese",
"incorrectText2": "Vikings",
"incorrectText3": "Persians"
}, {
"itemType": "5WFRV6D1AF857M2",
"questionText": "Which statement concerning the influence of geography on Japan is most accurate?",
"correctAnswerText": "Japan�s location allowed selective borrowing from China.",
"incorrectText1": "Widespread mineral deposits led Japan to industrialize before England.",
"incorrectText2": "The lack of natural barriers made it easy to conquer Japan.",
"incorrectText3": "Large tracts of arable land made Japan a leading agricultural exporter."
}, {
"itemType": "ICALETH1G91HXTE",
"questionText": "Mansa Musa�s pilgrimage to Mecca demonstrates that he practiced",
"correctAnswerText": "Islam",
"incorrectText1": "animism",
"incorrectText2": "Sikhism",
"incorrectText3": "Buddhism"
}, {
"itemType": "6HN4D643RTBD5SO",
"questionText": "Which geographic region made up much of the Ottoman Empire?",
"correctAnswerText": "eastern Mediterranean Basin",
"incorrectText1": "Scandinavia",
"incorrectText2": "Iberian Peninsula",
"incorrectText3": "Indian Subcontinent"
}, {
"itemType": "5KYWZNHEGDGC56G",
"questionText": "During the rise of capitalism in Europe, merchants and bankers began to establish",
"correctAnswerText": "insurance companies and joint stock companies",
"incorrectText1": "systems based on bartering",
"incorrectText2": "rules that forbid loans to the wealthy",
"incorrectText3": "quotas to control production"
}, {
"itemType": "5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK",
"questionText": "� Johannes Gutenberg � King Henry VIII � John Calvin. Which event in European history was most directly influenced by these individuals?",
"correctAnswerText": "Protestant Reformation",
"incorrectText1": "Reconquista",
"incorrectText2": "Glorious Revolution",
"incorrectText3": "trans-Atlantic slave trade"
}, {
"itemType": "8L2TET9XHNDJDY6",
"questionText": "Which situation came first?",
"correctAnswerText": "Columbus arrived in the Caribbean region.",
"incorrectText1": "Spain introduced the encomienda system.",
"incorrectText2": "Portugal claimed Brazil.",
"incorrectText3": "Spain and Portugal competed for colonies in the Americas."
}, {
"itemType": "GON3JDO53HYHEHP",
"questionText": "The term mercantilism is best described as",
"correctAnswerText": "an economic policy in which a colonial power controls trade",
"incorrectText1": "an international policy of laissez-faire economics",
"incorrectText2": "a network linking industrialized nations",
"incorrectText3": "an exchange of land between nobles"
}, {
"itemType": "17S7REU8QQJYUYZ",
"questionText": "Which characteristic is associated with the rule of both Akbar the Great and Suleiman the Magnificent?",
"correctAnswerText": "practicing religious tolerance toward members of society",
"incorrectText1": "promoting equal rights for women",
"incorrectText2": "expanding the role of legislative bodies",
"incorrectText3": "forcing the conversion of citizens to Christianity"
}, {
"itemType": "11Y568S0S231L12",
"questionText": "Historians frequently portray Louis XIV�s construction of the palace of Versailles and Peter the Great�s building of the city of Saint Petersburg as",
"correctAnswerText": "monuments to personal rule",
"incorrectText1": "shrines to religious beliefs",
"incorrectText2": "examples of colonial architectural influences",
"incorrectText3": "efforts to isolate and protect the ruler"
}, {
"itemType": "A21ZEU2LRRWODOM",
"questionText": "One way in which the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment are similar is that both",
"correctAnswerText": "questioned traditional values and past practices",
"incorrectText1": "led to increased power for royal families in Europe",
"incorrectText2": "sought to reconcile Christian beliefs and science",
"incorrectText3": "promoted nationalistic revolutions in eastern Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0",
"questionText": "Adam Smith�s Wealth of Nations stressed the importance of",
"correctAnswerText": "supply and demand",
"incorrectText1": "tradition",
"incorrectText2": "large corporations",
"incorrectText3": "government ownership"
}, {
"itemType": "4M68F8AH54RB0JZ",
"questionText": "Which social change occurred during the Industrial Revolution?",
"correctAnswerText": "growth of the working class",
"incorrectText1": "development of the extended family",
"incorrectText2": "expansion of privileges for the landed nobility",
"incorrectText3": "increased status for religious leaders"
}, {
"itemType": "R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ",
"questionText": "During the 1800s, many Latin American countries were characterized by a",
"correctAnswerText": "reliance on cash crops",
"incorrectText1": "transition to command economies",
"incorrectText2": "redistribution of land to the peasants",
"incorrectText3": "withdrawal from the world market"
}, {
"itemType": "FZLOFTA7JBEINNX",
"questionText": "Which description of trade patterns best represents the relationship between Africa and Europe during the late 19th century?",
"correctAnswerText": "Raw materials were shipped from Africa to European industries.",
"incorrectText1": "Trans-Saharan trade caravans led by Europeans were the most profitable.",
"incorrectText2": "South Africa was of no interest to European traders.",
"incorrectText3": "Rivers were the key highways connecting Europeans to much of the African interior."
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "One way in which the government under Czar Nicholas II of Russia and the government under Benito Mussolini of Italy are similar is that both governments",
"correctAnswerText": "established policies of censorship and repression",
"incorrectText1": "liberated the serfs and industrial workers",
"incorrectText2": "reformed the executive branch by incorporating theocratic principles",
"incorrectText3": "used televised propaganda to rally the masses"
}, {
"itemType": "2WTN2EZKLD1NA2I",
"questionText": "The movement to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine is best known as",
"correctAnswerText": "Zionism ",
"incorrectText1": "Marxism",
"incorrectText2": "multi-culturalism",
"incorrectText3": "militarism"
}, {
"itemType": "5S395ACMQUGANID",
"questionText": "A primary objective of the New Economic Policy (NEP) in the Soviet Union was to",
"correctAnswerText": "gain stability by increasing production",
"incorrectText1": "promote private ownership of heavy industry",
"incorrectText2": "organize support for educational reforms to improve literacy",
"incorrectText3": "coordinate efforts to end World War I"
}, {
"itemType": "C3G8TIBPN3R75J7",
"questionText": "Ho Chi Minh and Jomo Kenyatta were leaders of movements that were attempting to achieve",
"correctAnswerText": "self-determination",
"incorrectText1": "nuclear disarmament",
"incorrectText2": "pan-Africanism",
"incorrectText3": "collective security"
}]},
{
"itemId": "FBAA305BF67B9A1233BF6BD",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "2015 Regents",
"navBarTitleText": "2015 Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [
{
"itemType": "FU9DRRDLASG0B18",
"questionText": "Historians follow rules to help them analyze primary sources. Some of the rules they use are: � Every piece of evidence and every source must be read or viewed skeptically and critically. � Each piece of evidence and source must be cross-checked and compared with related sources and pieces of evidence. �Library of Congress. These rules are designed to help historians determine the",
"correctAnswerText": "reliability of document information",
"incorrectText1": "popularity of a publication",
"incorrectText2": "differences in belief systems",
"incorrectText3": "laws of a civilization"
}, {
"itemType": "29V66H94IK4K1K5",
"questionText": "Which type of economic system relies primarily on hunting, gathering, herding, and farming to maintain self-sufficiency?",
"correctAnswerText": "Traditional",
"incorrectText1": "capitalism",
"incorrectText2": "command",
"incorrectText3": "mixed"
}, {
"itemType": "MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0",
"questionText": "The creation of independent city-states in ancient Greece can be most directly attributed to the",
"correctAnswerText": "rugged mountainous terrain",
"incorrectText1": "diverse ethnic groups in the region",
"incorrectText2": "large number of different languages",
"incorrectText3": "practice of oligarchy"
}, {
"itemType": "MMPPPQTR96W85B9",
"questionText": "Which term is most closely associated with Hellenism under Alexander the Great?",
"correctAnswerText": "cultural diffusion",
"incorrectText1": "theocracy",
"incorrectText2": "pacifism",
"incorrectText3": "natural rights"
}, {
"itemType": "V1LX77TKH98RRK5",
"questionText": "Which river is most closely associated with Hinduism?",
"correctAnswerText": "Ganges",
"incorrectText1": "Nile",
"incorrectText2": "Tigris",
"incorrectText3": "Yellow"
}, {
"itemType": "9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL",
"questionText": "Which individual developed an Asian philosophy associated with the five relationships, filial piety, and the Analects?",
"correctAnswerText": "Confucius",
"incorrectText1": "Laozi (Lao Tzu)",
"incorrectText2": "Han Wudi",
"incorrectText3": "Siddhartha Gautama"
}, {
"itemType": "W8NPG9KNA7FY64R",
"questionText": "In India, for which achievement is the Gupta Golden Age best known?",
"correctAnswerText": "development of the concept of zero",
"incorrectText1": "adoption of the printing press",
"incorrectText2": "invention of the iron foot stirrup",
"incorrectText3": "use of gunpowder"
}, {
"itemType": "W51PW4MEE1QROQ1",
"questionText": "Around the 14th century, why were the cities of Nanjing, Calicut, Mogadishu, and Venice significant?",
"correctAnswerText": "Major centers of trading activity flourished there.",
"incorrectText1": "The first democracies emerged there.",
"incorrectText2": "Islamic religious centers developed there.",
"incorrectText3": "The Portuguese established colonies there."
}, {
"itemType": "5XGL523ABIUTY7R",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor best explains China�s ability to influence the cultural development of Japan?",
"correctAnswerText": "location",
"incorrectText1": "navigable rivers",
"incorrectText2": "tropical climate",
"incorrectText3": "mountains"
}, {
"itemType": "WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4",
"questionText": "The West African kingdom of Mali grew in wealth and power by controlling the trading of",
"correctAnswerText": "gold and salt",
"incorrectText1": "oil and coal",
"incorrectText2": "timber and fish",
"incorrectText3": "sugar and ivory"
}, {
"itemType": "Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF",
"questionText": "Which term is defined as a Renaissance movement characterized by independent thought and a renewed interest in classical Greek and Roman culture?",
"correctAnswerText": "humanism",
"incorrectText1": "multiculturalism",
"incorrectText2": "nationalism",
"incorrectText3": "monasticism"
}, {
"itemType": "3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5",
"questionText": "One major effect of the Protestant Reformation on western Europe was the",
"correctAnswerText": "decline in religious unity",
"incorrectText1": "increased power of the Catholic pope",
"incorrectText2": "reduction in religious wars",
"incorrectText3": "increase in the sale of indulgences by the Catholic Church"
}, {
"itemType": "XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes an effect of the westward expansion of the Ottoman Empire under Suleiman the Magnificent?",
"correctAnswerText": "Islam became a major religion in the Balkans.",
"incorrectText1": "Wealthy citizens adopted Russian dress.",
"incorrectText2": "Trade was disrupted throughout the Indian Ocean.",
"incorrectText3": "Janissaries were stripped of their military power."
}, {
"itemType": "6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4",
"questionText": "A key reason the Incas were able to control their large empire was that they",
"correctAnswerText": "built a road system to connect distant areas and to move armies",
"incorrectText1": "outlawed human sacrifice",
"incorrectText2": "formed a democratic government",
"incorrectText3": "promoted literacy and mass education programs to teach loyalty to their subjects"
}, {
"itemType": "C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC",
"questionText": "Which key factor fueled competition between European countries for colonies in the Americas?",
"correctAnswerText": "the desire to control sources of gold and silver",
"incorrectText1": "a European shortage of pepper and nutmeg",
"incorrectText2": "a mandate from the papacy",
"incorrectText3": "the need to secure laborers for factories in Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS",
"questionText": "Which geographic feature is located in Latin America?",
"correctAnswerText": "Amazon River",
"incorrectText1": "rain forest of the Congo",
"incorrectText2": "Himalaya Mountains",
"incorrectText3": "plateau of Tibet"
}, {
"itemType": "IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ",
"questionText": "What was an effect of the trans-Atlantic slave trade on Africa between 1500 and 1800?",
"correctAnswerText": "Power in West Africa shifted from kingdoms in the interior to coastal kingdoms.",
"incorrectText1": "Malaria was introduced to the tropical regions of Africa.",
"incorrectText2": "Islam became dominant in sub-Saharan regions.",
"incorrectText3": "Plantation agriculture was developed in the Great Rift Valley."
}, {
"itemType": "9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF",
"questionText": "The writing of the Magna Carta was a reaction to the",
"correctAnswerText": "abuse of power by monarchs",
"incorrectText1": "economic restrictions under imperialism",
"incorrectText2": "missionary work of clergy",
"incorrectText3": "threats of revolution from colonial governors"
}, {
"itemType": "HARJ6XE78XNCXSA",
"questionText": "Louis XIV strengthened the power of the monarchy in France by",
"correctAnswerText": "centralizing control",
"incorrectText1": "granting democratic reforms",
"incorrectText2": "practicing religious toleration",
"incorrectText3": "reducing the size of the bureaucracy"
}, {
"itemType": "8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A",
"questionText": "� Copernicus� heliocentric model of the universe � Newton�s law of gravitation � Descartes� belief in truth through reason. This set of ideas from the Scientific Revolution gave Europeans a new way to",
"correctAnswerText": "view humankind�s place in the universe",
"incorrectText1": "support the core beliefs of the church",
"incorrectText2": "authenticate historical facts",
"incorrectText3": "verify civil liberties"
}, {
"itemType": "6RC5YZ1KHUU0465",
"questionText": "In the late 1700s, which situation in France is considered a cause of the other three?",
"correctAnswerText": "unfair policies of taxation",
"incorrectText1": "meeting of the Estates General",
"incorrectText2": "execution of the king",
"incorrectText3": "storming of the Bastille"
}, {
"itemType": "HSF4BRDGX2SXB69",
"questionText": "The development of cash-crop economies promotes globalization by",
"correctAnswerText": "meeting demands outside the region of production",
"incorrectText1": "establishing communities that are self-sufficient",
"incorrectText2": "maintaining the diversity of indigenous agriculture",
"incorrectText3": "equalizing the standard of living for peasant populations"
}, {
"itemType": "9TINW08CRITM2N9",
"questionText": "During the late 19th century, Zionism focused on",
"correctAnswerText": "acquiring a homeland for displaced Jewish people",
"incorrectText1": "securing safe working conditions for urban factory workers",
"incorrectText2": "establishing colonies in southern Africa",
"incorrectText3": "developing a strict set of laws based on equality"
}, {
"itemType": "IR07J676OISB4HU",
"questionText": "What was one reason the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain?",
"correctAnswerText": "Abundant natural resources were available in Great Britain.",
"incorrectText1": "The government of Great Britain implemented a series of five-year plans.",
"incorrectText2": "Great Britain had alliances with most European countries.",
"incorrectText3": "The practice of serfdom in Great Britain provided an abundance of laborers."
}, {
"itemType": "DVK5QLN0B25CP5N",
"questionText": "Adam Smith�s laissez-faire theories are most closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "minimal government regulation of the economy",
"incorrectText1": "the separation of church and state",
"incorrectText2": "a command economy",
"incorrectText3": "high tariffs to protect domestic businesses"
}, {
"itemType": "V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY",
"questionText": "The Berlin Conference is most closely associated with the colonialization of",
"correctAnswerText": "Africa",
"incorrectText1": "South Asia",
"incorrectText2": "Latin America",
"incorrectText3": "East Asia"
}, {
"itemType": "KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I",
"questionText": "A major reason for Japan�s foreign policy in Asia during the early 20th century was to",
"correctAnswerText": "obtain natural resources",
"incorrectText1": "spread Shinto beliefs",
"incorrectText2": "reduce military expenses",
"incorrectText3": "promote democracy"
}, {
"itemType": "OVVV5FJUTV71M45",
"questionText": "What was a major reason the Russian people engaged in the Revolution of 1905?",
"correctAnswerText": "dissatisfaction with czarist rule",
"incorrectText1": "discontent with involvement in World War I",
"incorrectText2": "irritation over the banning of the Orthodox church",
"incorrectText3": "failure to emancipate the serfs"
}, {
"itemType": "9ATK959C2RJDRXK",
"questionText": "Which goal did Joseph Stalin establish for the Soviet Union?",
"correctAnswerText": "becoming an industrial power",
"incorrectText1": "creating a golden age of culture",
"incorrectText2": "instituting a parliamentary monarchy",
"incorrectText3": "easing tensions using d�tente"
}, {
"itemType": "I515USMBMX2R1D3",
"questionText": "What was a key cause for the rise of fascism in nations such as Italy and Germany?",
"correctAnswerText": "economic hardship",
"incorrectText1": "collectivization",
"incorrectText2": "genocide",
"incorrectText3": "secret treaties"
}, {
"itemType": "9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI",
"questionText": "Which event caused the policy of appeasement to be viewed as a failure?",
"correctAnswerText": "invasion of Czechoslovakia (1939)",
"incorrectText1": "creation of the League of Nations (1919)",
"incorrectText2": "forced famine in Ukraine (1932)",
"incorrectText3": "atomic bombing of Hiroshima (1945)"
}, {
"itemType": "EPCP98OYHVDOU4A",
"questionText": "What was one concern associated with both the Korean War and the Vietnam War?",
"correctAnswerText": "Communism would spread through eastern and southeastern Asia.",
"incorrectText1": "Kim Jong Il and Ho Chi Minh possessed nuclear weapons.",
"incorrectText2": "French colonial rule would continue to influence the region.",
"incorrectText3": "Renewed Japanese imperialism would trigger another world war."
}, {
"itemType": "KICKKXSXUCGKDYT",
"questionText": "One function of both the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the European Union (EU) is to",
"correctAnswerText": "reduce economic barriers",
"incorrectText1": "oppose economic integration",
"incorrectText2": "promote immigration",
"incorrectText3": "eliminate unemployment"
}, {
"itemType": "HQSUDLM4W56G5G3",
"questionText": "In 1989, the goal of the protest movement staged by Chinese students in Tiananmen Square was to",
"correctAnswerText": "bring about democratic reforms",
"incorrectText1": "improve job opportunities in the military",
"incorrectText2": "expand foreign investment in Hong Kong",
"incorrectText3": "limit the amount of land designated for the -responsibility system-"
}, {
"itemType": "M6L7YCS6YVBNI48",
"questionText": "Which country was the site of ethnic tensions and a civil war between the Hutu and Tutsi in the 1990s?",
"correctAnswerText": "Rwanda",
"incorrectText1": "Sudan",
"incorrectText2": "Tanzania",
"incorrectText3": "Kenya"
}, {
"itemType": "TBIDXY8QT09WZDG",
"questionText": "The government of Ayatollah Khomeini attempted to change Iranian society by",
"correctAnswerText": "implementing Islamic fundamentalist principles",
"incorrectText1": "extending political equality to women",
"incorrectText2": "allying with communist bloc countries",
"incorrectText3": "adopting a western economic system"
}, {
"itemType": "QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD",
"questionText": "One way in which Aung San Suu Kyi, Lech Walesa, and Nelson Mandela are similar is that they all",
"correctAnswerText": "led movements to end oppression of their people",
"incorrectText1": "supported the use of violence to achieve goals",
"incorrectText2": "inspired revolutions against autocratic monarchs",
"incorrectText3": "based their actions on the teachings of Karl Marx"
}, {
"itemType": "IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU",
"questionText": "Which action is a direct cause of desertification?",
"correctAnswerText": "removing vegetation through overgrazing",
"incorrectText1": "contaminating fresh water supplies",
"incorrectText2": "burning fossil fuels in factories",
"incorrectText3": "damming rivers to produce hydroelectricity"
}, {
"itemType": "9150158FNA5XOVV",
"questionText": "� Mauryan Emperor Asoka incorporates Buddhist ideas into his laws. � Constantine legalizes Christianity throughout his empire. � Prince Vladimir forces Russians to become Eastern Orthodox Christians. Which generalization can be made based on these statements?",
"correctAnswerText": "Leaders are often influenced by cultural belief systems.",
"incorrectText1": "Religions have had little impact on the development of empires.",
"incorrectText2": "Many political leaders discouraged religious toleration.",
"incorrectText3": "Christianity has been a dominant force in Europe and India."
}, {
"itemType": "OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0",
"questionText": "In the 14th century, the bubonic plague was primarily spread from Asia into Africa and Europe by",
"correctAnswerText": "traders and pilgrims during Pax Mongolia",
"incorrectText1": "sailors during Viking raids",
"incorrectText2": "enslaved Africans on the Middle Passage",
"incorrectText3": "missionaries during the European Age of Exploration"
}, {
"itemType": "UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U",
"questionText": "One way in which apartheid in South Africa and the caste system in India are similar is that both systems",
"correctAnswerText": "enforced different sets of rules for distinct groups of people",
"incorrectText1": "allowed for educational opportunities",
"incorrectText2": "determined roles based on gender",
"incorrectText3": "revolved around central religious beliefs"
}, {
"itemType": "VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP",
"questionText": "Which geographic circumstance affected the conduct of Russian foreign policy for centuries?",
"correctAnswerText": "lack of warm-water ports",
"incorrectText1": "frequent droughts",
"incorrectText2": "deforestation of the tundra",
"incorrectText3": "environmental damage caused by mining"
}, {
"itemType": "8UKFL9QB8570RXP",
"questionText": "The treatment of Christian Armenians in Ottoman Turkey (1915) and the treatment of Bosnian Muslims in the former Yugoslavia (1990s) are examples of",
"correctAnswerText": "human rights violations",
"incorrectText1": "international relief efforts",
"incorrectText2": "expansion of voting rights",
"incorrectText3": "government protection of minorities"
}, {
"itemType": "4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW",
"questionText": "Which academic discipline focuses study on the roles and functions of government?",
"correctAnswerText": "political science",
"incorrectText1": "geography",
"incorrectText2": "anthropology",
"incorrectText3": "economics"
}, {
"itemType": "FTV4F5OFSF293XL",
"questionText": "During the Neolithic Revolution, production of a food surplus led directly to",
"correctAnswerText": "an increase in population",
"incorrectText1": "a nomadic lifestyle",
"incorrectText2": "a reliance on stone weaponry",
"incorrectText3": "a dependence on hunting and gathering"
}, {
"itemType": "HI4X8VLDXB6CU97",
"questionText": "Discovery of streets arranged in a grid-like pattern and a system of pipes for moving water in Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro suggest that these ancient river valley cities in South Asia had",
"correctAnswerText": "organized governments",
"incorrectText1": "subsistence-based economies",
"incorrectText2": "polytheistic beliefs",
"incorrectText3": "rigid social classes"
}, {
"itemType": "BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9",
"questionText": "The Egyptians used hieroglyphics in the same way as the Sumerians used",
"correctAnswerText": "cuneiform",
"incorrectText1": "ideographs",
"incorrectText2": "calligraphy",
"incorrectText3": "letters"
}, {
"itemType": "9UYVCNJEO4SL600",
"questionText": "Which geographic feature served as a barrier to political unity and encouraged the rise of independent city-states in ancient Greece?",
"correctAnswerText": "mountain ranges",
"incorrectText1": "broad plains",
"incorrectText2": "navigable rivers",
"incorrectText3": "numerous ports"
}, {
"itemType": "SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ",
"questionText": "The Tang dynasty contributed to the development of Chinese culture by",
"correctAnswerText": "producing porcelain and block printing",
"incorrectText1": "creating a shogunate",
"incorrectText2": "introducing Hinduism as a major philosophy",
"incorrectText3": "devising a set of laws and carving them on rocks and pillars"
}, {
"itemType": "FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP",
"questionText": "A primary goal of European Crusaders fighting in the Middle East was to",
"correctAnswerText": "secure access to Christian holy sites in Jerusalem",
"incorrectText1": "establish markets for Italian merchants",
"incorrectText2": "rescue Pope Urban II from the Byzantines",
"incorrectText3": "halt the advance of Mongol armies in the Asian steppes"
}, {
"itemType": "YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3",
"questionText": "Increases in trade and commerce that occurred during the late Middle Ages in Europe resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "the development of more towns and cities",
"incorrectText1": "lower living standards for guild members",
"incorrectText2": "a decline in rivalries between kings",
"incorrectText3": "an increase in the number of self-sufficient manors"
}, {
"itemType": "MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI",
"questionText": "The writings of both Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta inspired",
"correctAnswerText": "exploration and trade",
"incorrectText1": "important military expeditions",
"incorrectText2": "movements for political freedom",
"incorrectText3": "the spread of Islam to Southeast Asia"
}, {
"itemType": "A9BBHEWS99VQPQG",
"questionText": "Nanjing, Venice, and Mogadishu were powerful and influential cities in the 13th century because they all",
"correctAnswerText": "took advantage of the factors of location",
"incorrectText1": "developed agrarian-based economies",
"incorrectText2": "served as religious pilgrimage sites",
"incorrectText3": "established democratic governments"
}, {
"itemType": "HWHPLOAQRN459YD",
"questionText": "The West African empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai were able to thrive because",
"correctAnswerText": "they controlled the gold-salt trade",
"incorrectText1": "their herds of cattle were in demand",
"incorrectText2": "their armies took control of much of Africa",
"incorrectText3": "they adopted Christianity as their primary religion"
}, {
"itemType": "ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH",
"questionText": "What was an immediate result of the Black Death?",
"correctAnswerText": "labor shortages",
"incorrectText1": "overseas exploration",
"incorrectText2": "decrease in anti-Semitism",
"incorrectText3": "improvements in medical science"
}, {
"itemType": "PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3",
"questionText": "Which statement best expresses the philosophy of humanism?",
"correctAnswerText": "People have potential and can improve themselves by learning.",
"incorrectText1": "God selects those to be saved.",
"incorrectText2": "The pope expresses the ultimate word of God.",
"incorrectText3": "A person�s life on Earth is merely preparation for the afterlife."
}, {
"itemType": "M32KSEKMXP9VM9H",
"questionText": "Which development is most closely associated with early Inca achievements?",
"correctAnswerText": "adapting a mountainous environment",
"incorrectText1": "inventing the wheel as a transportation device",
"incorrectText2": "improving iron weapons",
"incorrectText3": "Expanding global trade"
}, {
"itemType": "9NK0N52O2K7MILW",
"questionText": "What was a major effect of the Columbian exchange?",
"correctAnswerText": "introduction of new food crops to Europe",
"incorrectText1": "economic collapse in Europe",
"incorrectText2": "decrease in European population",
"incorrectText3": "expansion of democratic rights throughout Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "ACVORE5RIFGXI9T",
"questionText": "Which policy is a country using when it regulates its colonies� imports and exports to produce a favorable balance of trade?",
"correctAnswerText": "mercantilism",
"incorrectText1": "embargo",
"incorrectText2": "outsourcing",
"incorrectText3": "transmigration"
}, {
"itemType": "W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG",
"questionText": "Akbar the Great tried to unify the Mughal Empire and create peace between the different people of India by",
"correctAnswerText": "promoting a policy of religious toleration",
"incorrectText1": "forcing all people to adopt modern dress",
"incorrectText2": "building the Taj Mahal to inspire healing",
"incorrectText3": "establishing Buddhism as the state religion"
}, {
"itemType": "LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z",
"questionText": "Between 1500 and 1750, which commercial products were produced on Latin American plantations using enslaved laborers?",
"correctAnswerText": "sugar and tobacco",
"incorrectText1": "corn and squash",
"incorrectText2": "bananas and tea",
"incorrectText3": "potatoes and wool"
}, {
"itemType": "6J6SIRWPNI6IONR",
"questionText": "The ideas of Enlightenment philosophers were based on",
"correctAnswerText": "faith in human reason",
"incorrectText1": "efforts to achieve salvation",
"incorrectText2": "traditional practices",
"incorrectText3": "the inevitability of poverty"
}, {
"itemType": "JOJC5JND6O7R6NH",
"questionText": "Toussaint L�Ouverture and Jos� de San Mart�n are leaders best known for",
"correctAnswerText": "leading independence movements",
"incorrectText1": "supporting religious reforms",
"incorrectText2": "promoting civil disobedience",
"incorrectText3": "opposing democracy"
}, {
"itemType": "TX38PQXUNZK77UN",
"questionText": "Which course of action does the theory of laissezfaire suggest a government should follow?",
"correctAnswerText": "letting natural laws regulate the economy",
"incorrectText1": "providing help for people in need",
"incorrectText2": "establishing businesses to create jobs",
"incorrectText3": "controlling the mineral resources of a country"
}, {
"itemType": "IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW",
"questionText": "One effect of the British landlord system in Ireland in the mid-1800s and in India in the early 1900s was that these landlord systems",
"correctAnswerText": "contributed to famine and suffering",
"incorrectText1": "allowed local economies to prosper",
"incorrectText2": "emphasized food crops over mining",
"incorrectText3": "led to an agrarian revolution"
}, {
"itemType": "B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68",
"questionText": "Commodore Matthew Perry is best known for taking which action?",
"correctAnswerText": "opening Japan to American and European influences",
"incorrectText1": "leading the British East India Company",
"incorrectText2": "rescuing Europeans during the Boxer Rebellion",
"incorrectText3": "justifying European spheres of influence in China"
}, {
"itemType": "Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV",
"questionText": "During World War I, developments in military technology led to",
"correctAnswerText": "the use of poisonous gas and submarine attacks",
"incorrectText1": " an early victory by the Allied powers",
"incorrectText2": "the establishment of industrial capitalism",
"incorrectText3": "an increase in ethnic tension in western Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "0WK63DOOS2FXIQR",
"questionText": "One major reason the League of Nations failed was that it",
"correctAnswerText": "lacked the support of many of the major world powers during crises",
"incorrectText1": "was not included in the Versailles Treaty",
"incorrectText2": "was controlled by communist Russia",
"incorrectText3": "frightened many nations with its large military force"
}, {
"itemType": "LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y",
"questionText": "Which geographic characteristic of Japan most influenced its decision to engage in imperialism in the early to mid-20th century?",
"correctAnswerText": "lack of natural resources",
"incorrectText1": "mountainous terrain",
"incorrectText2": "abundance of rivers",
"incorrectText3": "island location"
}, {
"itemType": "WA72MFJ0LXADZMV",
"questionText": "Which condition was a result of Joseph Stalin�s command economy?",
"correctAnswerText": "The government controlled agriculture through collective farms.",
"incorrectText1": "Peasants were encouraged to sell surplus grain for personal profit.",
"incorrectText2": "The production of consumer goods increased.",
"incorrectText3": "National revenue increased allowing for greater individual spending."
}, {
"itemType": "F4PB21EHTG20GMV",
"questionText": "After World War I, the rise of Benito Mussolini in Italy and the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany are most closely associated with",
"correctAnswerText": "the development of fascism",
"incorrectText1": "the desire for containment",
"incorrectText2": "an emphasis on democratic traditions",
"incorrectText3": "a return to conservative religious practices"
}, {
"itemType": "RQFKPE3OR6A25JD",
"questionText": "What was a major reason the Soviet Union established satellite states in Eastern Europe after World War II?",
"correctAnswerText": "creating a buffer zone against future invasions",
"incorrectText1": "developing better trade relations with the West",
"incorrectText2": "participating in United Nations peacekeeping missions",
"incorrectText3": "controlling the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)"
}, {
"itemType": "6KQZN538LCU7K9W",
"questionText": "-India Partitioned at Independence- -Serbs Fuel Conflict in Kosovo- -Grievances Divide Hutu and Tutsi-. Which conclusion do these headlines support?",
"correctAnswerText": "Ethnic and religious differences have been sources of tension.",
"incorrectText1": "Cultural diversity leads to stable societies.",
"incorrectText2": "Economic cooperation can overcome political issues.",
"incorrectText3": "Gender differences are more powerful than differences in social status."
}, {
"itemType": "XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG",
"questionText": "Many conflicts in the Middle East during the post�World War II period have directly resulted from",
"correctAnswerText": "disputes related to Palestine",
"incorrectText1": "the dissolution of the Arab League",
"incorrectText2": "border clashes between Iran and China",
"incorrectText3": "the partition of Egypt"
}, {
"itemType": "YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1",
"questionText": "Which action was taken by Deng Xiaoping to improve the economy of China?",
"correctAnswerText": "encouraging some capitalist practices",
"incorrectText1": "discouraging foreign investment",
"incorrectText2": "organizing the Red Guard",
"incorrectText3": "practicing glasnost"
}, {
"itemType": "34BUUBUS07QUA6M",
"questionText": "Which revolution led to increases in global food production as a result of using genetically altered seeds and large amounts of chemical fertilizers and pesticides?",
"correctAnswerText": "Green",
"incorrectText1": "Cultural",
"incorrectText2": "Scientific",
"incorrectText3": "Glorious"
}, {
"itemType": "NORRDWZROR868GG",
"questionText": "The World Trade Organization (WTO), North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and European Union (EU) all share the primary goal of",
"correctAnswerText": "encouraging trade between countries and lowering trade barriers",
"incorrectText1": "promoting space exploration and maintaining satellites",
"incorrectText2": "increasing economic aid to developing nations",
"incorrectText3": "developing regulations to preserve the environment"
}, {
"itemType": "20E6K97FCPOIUK3",
"questionText": "The use of the decimal system, advancements in medicine, and construction of Hindu temples are most closely associated with the golden age of the",
"correctAnswerText": "Gupta Empire",
"incorrectText1": "Abbassid dynasty",
"incorrectText2": "Han dynasty",
"incorrectText3": "Roman Empire"
}, {
"itemType": "B7PFLDEF4F7G29R",
"questionText": "One reason the Justinian Code was significant was that it",
"correctAnswerText": "became the foundation of the modern legal systems of many Western countries",
"incorrectText1": "established the basis for the development of the Code of Hammurabi",
"incorrectText2": "incorporated laws from all over Asia and Europe",
"incorrectText3": "led to the protection of inalienable rights in Roman territories"
}, {
"itemType": "5MH112LCJ8OZFJM",
"questionText": "Which technological development contributed most directly to the success of the Protestant Reformation?",
"correctAnswerText": "printing press",
"incorrectText1": "astrolabe",
"incorrectText2": "wheel",
"incorrectText3": "compass"
}, {
"itemType": "QSACQ30L9JIL10F",
"questionText": "-Liberty, Equality, Fraternity- and -Peace, Land, and Bread- are slogans used by revolutionaries to represent",
"correctAnswerText": "political and economic ideals",
"incorrectText1": "frameworks for economic stability",
"incorrectText2": "plans for maintaining the social hierarchy",
"incorrectText3": "methods of political reform"
}, {
"itemType": "9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ",
"questionText": "One way in which Otto von Bismarck and Camillo Cavour are similar is that both leaders",
"correctAnswerText": "promoted unification to form a new nationstate",
"incorrectText1": "followed a policy of isolationism",
"incorrectText2": "adopted papal policies",
"incorrectText3": "led an African independence movement"
}, {
"itemType": "FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR",
"questionText": "One way in which the rule of Peter the Great in Russia and the rule of Emperor Meiji in Japan are similar is that both leaders",
"correctAnswerText": "encouraged modernization",
"incorrectText1": "emancipated serfs",
"incorrectText2": "granted equality to women",
"incorrectText3": "ruled according to a constitution"
}, {
"itemType": "IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0",
"questionText": "One purpose of the Nuremberg Trials and of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in South Africa was to",
"correctAnswerText": "address human rights abuses",
"incorrectText1": "support the establishment of democratic governments",
"incorrectText2": "establish free trade zones throughout the world",
"incorrectText3": "provide encouragement to people behind the Iron Curtain"
}, {
"itemType": "6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP",
"questionText": "The Europeans referred to China as the Far East. The Chinese referred to China as the Middle Kingdom. What do these terms illustrate?",
"correctAnswerText": "The point of view of people influences geographic labels.",
"incorrectText1": "The names of places refer to significant physical features.",
"incorrectText2": "Most people do not understand geography.",
"incorrectText3": "Place names sometimes commemorate important events."
}, {
"itemType": "5WFRV6D1AF857M2",
"questionText": "In which economic system does the government make most major decisions about what to produce, how much to produce, and for whom the goods and services will be produced?",
"correctAnswerText": "command",
"incorrectText1": "traditional",
"incorrectText2": "mixed",
"incorrectText3": "market"
}, {
"itemType": "ICALETH1G91HXTE",
"questionText": "Throughout history, a basic purpose of government has been to provide",
"correctAnswerText": "laws to maintain order",
"incorrectText1": "equal rights for all people",
"incorrectText2": "representation for all social classes",
"incorrectText3": "separate political and religious systems"
}, {
"itemType": "6HN4D643RTBD5SO",
"questionText": "The Neolithic Revolution is considered a turning point in global history because it led to",
"correctAnswerText": "the development of civilization",
"incorrectText1": "increasing migrations of people in search of food",
"incorrectText2": "increasing use of animal skins for clothing",
"incorrectText3": "a belief in a spiritual world"
}, {
"itemType": "5KYWZNHEGDGC56G",
"questionText": "The primary reason ancient peoples of the Nile River valley built levees, dikes, and reservoirs was to",
"correctAnswerText": "increase agricultural production",
"incorrectText1": "purify sacred waters",
"incorrectText2": "create a shorter route to distant cities",
"incorrectText3": "defend against invaders"
}, {
"itemType": "5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK",
"questionText": "In the practice of religion, the Ten Commandments are to Christianity as the Eightfold Path is to",
"correctAnswerText": "Buddhism",
"incorrectText1": "Islam",
"incorrectText2": "Daoism",
"incorrectText3": "Shinto"
}, {
"itemType": "8L2TET9XHNDJDY6",
"questionText": "Mandate of Heaven, production of silk, and reverence for ancestors are all characteristics associated with civilizations in",
"correctAnswerText": "China",
"incorrectText1": "India",
"incorrectText2": "Greece",
"incorrectText3": "West Africa"
}, {
"itemType": "17S7REU8QQJYUYZ",
"questionText": "Which country has acted as a cultural bridge between China and Japan?",
"correctAnswerText": "Korea",
"incorrectText1": "Philippines",
"incorrectText2": "Vietnam",
"incorrectText3": "Bangladesh"
}, {
"itemType": "11Y568S0S231L12",
"questionText": "After the fall of the Mongol Empire, which city emerged as the new political and cultural center of Russia?",
"correctAnswerText": "Moscow",
"incorrectText1": "Novgorod",
"incorrectText2": "Warsaw",
"incorrectText3": "Kiev"
}, {
"itemType": "A21ZEU2LRRWODOM",
"questionText": "Which characteristic was common to the cities of the Hanseatic League in Europe and the cities of the African kingdom of Ghana?",
"correctAnswerText": "location on key trade routes",
"incorrectText1": "indirect control by the papacy",
"incorrectText2": "management of local gold mines",
"incorrectText3": "development as centers of woolen industry"
}, {
"itemType": "6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ",
"questionText": "Which leader started the Protestant Reformation by speaking out against papal abuses and the sale of indulgences in the Ninety-five Theses?",
"correctAnswerText": "Martin Luther",
"incorrectText1": "John Calvin",
"incorrectText2": "John Wycliffe",
"incorrectText3": "Henry VIII"
}, {
"itemType": "LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0",
"questionText": "What was one important result of Mansa Musa�s pilgrimage to Mecca?",
"correctAnswerText": "",
"incorrectText1": "establishment of diplomatic ties with other Muslim states",
"incorrectText2": "creation of a large navy",
"incorrectText3": "translation of the Qur�an from Arabic to Swahili"
}, {
"itemType": "9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV",
"questionText": "Which statement best describes a key aspect of mercantilism?",
"correctAnswerText": "acquiring colonies to provide a favorable balance of trade",
"incorrectText1": "removing tariffs to increase free trade between empires",
"incorrectText2": "eliminating private ownership of the means of production",
"incorrectText3": "encouraging subsistence agriculture"
}, {
"itemType": "FZLOFTA7JBEINNX",
"questionText": "One way in which Suleiman the Magnificent and Peter the Great are similar is that they both",
"correctAnswerText": "modernized their military",
"incorrectText1": "promoted free speech",
"incorrectText2": "isolated their people from outside influences",
"incorrectText3": "reduced taxes levied on their people"
}, {
"itemType": "WV9OOD1WODBFUT8",
"questionText": "The Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights both served to",
"correctAnswerText": "limit the power of the monarchy",
"incorrectText1": "extend the voting privileges of commoners",
"incorrectText2": "abolish the government�s role in levying taxes",
"incorrectText3": "support the theory of the divine right of kings"
}, {
"itemType": "2WTN2EZKLD1NA2I",
"questionText": "Which individual suggested the idea that if a government fails to protect its people�s natural rights of life, liberty, and property, the people have the right to overthrow it?",
"correctAnswerText": "John Locke",
"incorrectText1": "Karl Marx",
"incorrectText2": "Thomas Hobbes",
"incorrectText3": "Niccol� Machiavelli"
}, {
"itemType": "5S395ACMQUGANID",
"questionText": "One scientific belief held by both Ren� Descartes and Isaac Newton is that",
"correctAnswerText": "reasoned thought is the way to discover truth",
"incorrectText1": "new theories should be made to fit existing traditional ideas",
"incorrectText2": "the method by which discoveries are made is unimportant",
"incorrectText3": "difficult problems should be solved by reading religious texts"
}, {
"itemType": "C3G8TIBPN3R75J7",
"questionText": "Sim�n Bol�var, Toussaint L�Ouverture, and Jos� de San Mart�n are all associated with revolutions in",
"correctAnswerText": "Latin America",
"incorrectText1": "Africa",
"incorrectText2": "South Asia",
"incorrectText3": "Europe"
}, {
"itemType": "N5DKB90KJBRZ7LK",
"questionText": "In the late 1700s, the Industrial Revolution developed in Britain because Britain",
"correctAnswerText": " possessed key factors of production",
"incorrectText1": "excluded foreign investors",
"incorrectText2": "suppressed the enclosure movement",
"incorrectText3": "required a minimum wage be paid to workers"
}, {
"itemType": "DKJONPHAWJ9F1J9",
"questionText": "Which event sparked the outbreak of World War I?",
"correctAnswerText": "assassination of the Austrian Archduke",
"incorrectText1": "attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan",
"incorrectText2": "Germany�s invasion of Poland",
"incorrectText3": "Bolshevik coup d��tat in Russia"
}, {
"itemType": "QLTUBWXXSER5L1O",
"questionText": "Which agreement was labeled by the Nazis as unfair to Germany?",
"correctAnswerText": "Treaty of Versailles",
"incorrectText1": "Soviet Nonaggression Pact",
"incorrectText2": "Munich Pact",
"incorrectText3": "Treaty of Brest-Litovsk"
}, {
"itemType": "UF363WM5WCFCIX8",
"questionText": "Japan expanded her empire in the 1930s and 1940s to include parts of",
"correctAnswerText": "China and Southeast Asia",
"incorrectText1": "eastern Europe and the Middle East",
"incorrectText2": "Turkey and the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText3": "Australia and India"
}, {
"itemType": "SK82ET28ABZQWEA",
"questionText": "Which geographic factor enabled the German blitzkrieg to succeed?",
"correctAnswerText": "relatively flat terrain",
"incorrectText1": "swift running rivers",
"incorrectText2": "mountain ranges",
"incorrectText3": "tropical climate"
}, {
"itemType": "9R412KOULXYN9C0",
"questionText": "Which action is most closely associated with totalitarian governments?",
"correctAnswerText": "engaging in censorship and propaganda campaigns",
"incorrectText1": "allowing public discussion of issues and building consensus",
"incorrectText2": "accepting criticism and permitting dissent",
"incorrectText3": "having open and transparent elections with multiple political parties"
}, {
"itemType": "0B13ALCD1EZLIQA",
"questionText": "The purpose of Mohandas Gandhi�s actions such as the Salt March and the textile boycott was to",
"correctAnswerText": "draw attention to critical issues",
"incorrectText1": "begin a cycle of armed revolution",
"incorrectText2": "increase the strength of the military",
"incorrectText3": "resist the power of religious leaders"
}, {
"itemType": "MHYHXAF9ULEG60G",
"questionText": "The 38th parallel in Korea and the 17th parallel in Vietnam were used to mark",
"correctAnswerText": "political divisions established between communist and noncommunist territories",
"incorrectText1": "boundaries created by mountain ranges",
"incorrectText2": "demarcation lines instituted by papal authority",
"incorrectText3": "territorial claims disputed between ethnic minorities"
}, {
"itemType": "A687XMI2YYTBKDE",
"questionText": "Prior to 1947, the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League worked together seeking to end",
"correctAnswerText": "foreign rule",
"incorrectText1": "nonviolence",
"incorrectText2": "religious diversity",
"incorrectText3": "nonalignment"
}, {
"itemType": "6I3QMA7ILVHK1BR",
"questionText": "What was an immediate result of the Great Leap Forward (1958)?",
"correctAnswerText": "increased famine in China",
"incorrectText1": "independence of Kenya from Great Britain",
"incorrectText2": "the breakup of the Soviet Union",
"incorrectText3": "the relocation of Bosnian refugees"
}]
},
{
"itemId": "48D7AA837CF6FDBABA395BE",
"itemType": "BTA_design_menu",
"itemNickname": "Picker Menu",
"navBarTitleText": "Regents Picker Menu",
"searchdesignMenu": "0",
"listRowHeightSmallDevice": "45",
"listTitleLeftSmallDevice": "20",
"listTitleTopSmallDevice": "5",
"listTitleHeightSmallDevice": "40",
"listTitleWidthSmallDevice": "320",
"listTitleNOLSmallDevice": "1",
"listTitleFontSizeSmallDevice": "20",
"listDescriptionLeftSmallDevice": "100",
"listDescriptionTopSmallDevice": "5",
"listDescriptionHeightSmallDevice": "40",
"listDescriptionWidthSmallDevice": "320",
"listDescriptionNOLSmallDevice": "2",
"listDescriptionFontSizeSmallDevice": "15",
"childItems": [
{"itemId":"KB5PWWTAET3FQH1","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"XF0PMWEWWJ6DKBY","titleText":"2000","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"9T6XC6XVMGCJB6U","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"M077GKHKJ8IYORK","titleText":"2001","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"WEPO5LTJUA8AH7W","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"WZ5PSZVCEWFD3KC","titleText":"2002","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"IITTJ7HN85OJFRU","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"U7SAZH87QNB7L8J","titleText":"2003","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"PA6ZIQ5QDF7P9OW","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"3RJ3YWILCZXVQHQ","titleText":"2004","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"JJFJFHFHFHR4333","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"JDJDKLWJ33988","titleText":"2005","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"JYZUYSRQM95HVNM","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"QB6IFDNZMLCVQAX","titleText":"2006","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"YFL14GV7FQONBRC","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"1MYGG9YY3GOXXWF","titleText":"2007","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"PNQT4T80CHTH14T","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"3T0UD3M73PTQRA5","titleText":"2008","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"MSDA9ZOHF1HY5EY","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"V7XT7CUWYUHWBLY","titleText":"2009","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"VP8W2VJ50P1DWH0","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"Z2WV5AKEKAV8GCM","titleText":"2010","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"4J892IRJOU5HZSY","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"JUWO8DGYVCF8102","titleText":"2011","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"QBTJCY1VXXS64Q9","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"EK5ECCXKTG1TOHI","titleText":"2012","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"5UF7AVTV6QU8S3Z","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"UHQS4L94XIMVFMH","titleText":"2013","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"BCB0NTIDXIO14ZM","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"V5JQ08HIRG3C9IM","titleText":"2014","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"},
{"itemId":"VCC3UT77BK8PHIE","itemType":"BT_designmenuItem","loadScreenWithItemId":"9U7T6P4ELTSXPJT","titleText":"2015","introText":"                           Jan, June and Aug Questions"}]},




{"itemId":"XF0PMWEWWJ6DKBY","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2000 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2000 Regents","title_label_text":"2000 Regents Questions","nad_low�:�1�,�nad_high�:�50�,�stepper_startValue�:�10�,�continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2000 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"C4DF348A9B37E15CD220035"},
{"itemId":"M077GKHKJ8IYORK","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2001 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2001 Regents","title_label_text":"2001 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2001 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"8D34A1835286704F2B93177"},
{"itemId":"WZ5PSZVCEWFD3KC","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2002 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2002 Regents","title_label_text":"2002 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2002 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"0CFF20A74B52E0A99193FC4"},
{"itemId":"U7SAZH87QNB7L8J","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2003 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2003 Regents","title_label_text":"2003 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2003 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"01CA17FC177DE8A8A2C4503"},
{"itemId":"3RJ3YWILCZXVQHQ","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2004 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2004 Regents","title_label_text":"2004 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2004 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"22950FA27D303B70A1F94DB"},
{"itemId":"JDJDKLWJ33988","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2005 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2005 Regents","title_label_text":"2005 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2005 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"8E2342D5918B6B30898F3B3"},
{"itemId":"QB6IFDNZMLCVQAX","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2006 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2006 Regents","title_label_text":"2006 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2006 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"2E46B5CDD37F726A1769344"},
{"itemId":"1MYGG9YY3GOXXWF","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2007 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2007 Regents","title_label_text":"2007 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2007 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"828680B1014006E4940AF51"},
{"itemId":"3T0UD3M73PTQRA5","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2008 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2008 Regents","title_label_text":"2008 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2008 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"80563D0318D06F1E9BFEEED"},
{"itemId":"V7XT7CUWYUHWBLY","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2009 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2009 Regents","title_label_text":"2009 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2009 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"60FD92C4B0A33188A2887F5"},
{"itemId":"Z2WV5AKEKAV8GCM","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2010 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2010 Regents","title_label_text":"2010 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2010 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"E02BF8495D0A96E28045990"},
{"itemId":"JUWO8DGYVCF8102","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2011 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2011 Regents","title_label_text":"2011 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2011 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"BD52813D523CB238D26CB7A"},
{"itemId":"EK5ECCXKTG1TOHI","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2012 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2012 Regents","title_label_text":"2012 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2012 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"E90250640DC1500679B39D2"},
{"itemId":"UHQS4L94XIMVFMH","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2013 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2013 Regents","title_label_text":"2013 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2013 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"94EC1CB490507CEA7DDB448"},
{"itemId":"V5JQ08HIRG3C9IM","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2014 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2014 Regents","title_label_text":"2014 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2014 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"6D7630A0333419BC3351CC5"},
{"itemId":"9U7T6P4ELTSXPJT","itemType":"NAD_quizPicker","itemNickname":"2015 Regents Picker","navBarTitleText":"2015 Regents","title_label_text":"2015 Regents Questions","nad_low":"1","nad_high":"100","stepper_startValue":"10","continue_button":"Start Your Exam","unLockScreenNickname":"2015 Regents","unLockScreenItemId":"FBAA305BF67B9A1233BF6BD"},
{"itemId":"33A05ECAC944A30E77912E1","itemType":"NAD_inAppBillingAndroid","itemNickname":"testing 2","navBarTitleText":"testing","restoreButtonText":"Restore Purchase","restoreButtonTextSize":"20","restoreButtonTextColor":"#000000","restoreButtonBackgroundColor":"#FFFFFF"},
{
"itemId": "5321D81B339D7F84B5EE68B",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "world history set 1",
"navBarTitleText": "world history set 1",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{"itemType":"FU9DRRDLASG0B18","questionText":"Historians follow rules to help them analyze primary sources. Some of the rules they use are: � Every piece of evidence and every source must be read or viewed skeptically and critically. � Each piece of evidence and source must be cross-checked and compared with related sources and pieces of evidence. �Library of Congress. These rules are designed to help historians determine the","correctAnswerText":"reliability of document information","incorrectText1":"popularity of a publication","incorrectText2":"differences in belief systems","incorrectText3":"laws of a civilization"}, {"itemType":"29V66H94IK4K1K5","questionText":"Which term is most closely associated with Hellenism under Alexander the Great?","correctAnswerText":"cultural diffusion","incorrectText1":"theocracy","incorrectText2":"pacifism","incorrectText3":"natural rights"}, {"itemType":"MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0","questionText":"Which individual developed an Asian philosophy associated with the five relationships, filial piety, and the Analects?","correctAnswerText":"Confucius","incorrectText1":"Laozi (Lao Tzu)","incorrectText2":"Han Wudi","incorrectText3":"Siddhartha Gautama"}, {"itemType":"MMPPPQTR96W85B9","questionText":"In India, for which achievement is the Gupta Golden Age best known?","correctAnswerText":"development of the concept of zero","incorrectText1":"adoption of the printing press","incorrectText2":"invention of the iron foot stirrup","incorrectText3":"use of gunpowder"}, {"itemType":"V1LX77TKH98RRK5","questionText":"Which term is defined as a Renaissance movement characterized by independent thought and a renewed interest in classical Greek and Roman culture?","correctAnswerText":"humanism","incorrectText1":"multiculturalism","incorrectText2":"nationalism","incorrectText3":"monasticism"}, {"itemType":"9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL","questionText":"One major effect of the Protestant Reformation on western Europe was the","correctAnswerText":"decline in religious unity","incorrectText1":"increased power of the Catholic pope","incorrectText2":"reduction in religious wars","incorrectText3":"increase in the sale of indulgences by the Catholic Church"}, {"itemType":"W8NPG9KNA7FY64R","questionText":"Which statement best describes an effect of the westward expansion of the Ottoman Empire under Suleiman the Magnificent?","correctAnswerText":"Islam became a major religion in the Balkans.","incorrectText1":"Wealthy citizens adopted Russian dress.","incorrectText2":"Trade was disrupted throughout the Indian Ocean.","incorrectText3":"Janissaries were stripped of their military power."}, {"itemType":"W51PW4MEE1QROQ1","questionText":"What was an effect of the trans-Atlantic slave trade on Africa between 1500 and 1800?","correctAnswerText":"Power in West Africa shifted from kingdoms in the interior to coastal kingdoms.","incorrectText1":"Malaria was introduced to the tropical regions of Africa.","incorrectText2":"Islam became dominant in sub-Saharan regions.","incorrectText3":"Plantation agriculture was developed in the Great Rift Valley."}, {"itemType":"5XGL523ABIUTY7R","questionText":"� Copernicus� heliocentric model of the universe � Newton�s law of gravitation � Descartes� belief in truth through reason. This set of ideas from the Scientific Revolution gave Europeans a new way to","correctAnswerText":"view humankind�s place in the universe","incorrectText1":"support the core beliefs of the church","incorrectText2":"authenticate historical facts","incorrectText3":"verify civil liberties"}, {"itemType":"4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT","questionText":"In the late 1700s, which situation in France is considered a cause of the other three?","correctAnswerText":"unfair policies of taxation","incorrectText1":"meeting of the Estates General","incorrectText2":"execution of the king","incorrectText3":"storming of the Bastille"}, {"itemType":"WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4","questionText":"During the late 19th century, Zionism focused on","correctAnswerText":"acquiring a homeland for displaced Jewish people","incorrectText1":"securing safe working conditions for urban factory workers","incorrectText2":"establishing colonies in southern Africa","incorrectText3":"developing a strict set of laws based on equality"}, {"itemType":"Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF","questionText":"Speaker A: A nation�s strength is measured by the size of its armed forces. All resources must be mobilized into building a strong army and navy. Speaker B: To maintain our international strength, we must look to our neighbors for alliances. They will help protect us if we face a threat. Speaker C: To maintain our sovereignty, we need to be the strongest and most powerful..  which concept is being described by Speakers a and C?","correctAnswerText":"militarism","incorrectText1":"collective security","incorrectText2":"self-determination","incorrectText3":"isolationism"}, {"itemType":"3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5","questionText":"� Wearing of the fez outlawed (1925). � Turkish state declared secular (1928). � Women received the right to vote and hold office (1934). Which idea was promoted by these actions taken in Turkey?","correctAnswerText":"westernization","incorrectText1":"industrialization","incorrectText2":"ethnocentrism","incorrectText3":"conservatism"}, {"itemType":"XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4","questionText":"Which event caused the policy of appeasement to be viewed as a failure?","correctAnswerText":"invasion of Czechoslovakia (1939)","incorrectText1":"creation of the League of Nations (1919)","incorrectText2":"forced famine in Ukraine (1932)","incorrectText3":"atomic bombing of Hiroshima (1945)"}, {"itemType":"6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4","questionText":"In 1989, the goal of the protest movement staged by Chinese students in Tiananmen Square was to","correctAnswerText":"bring about democratic reforms","incorrectText1":"improve job opportunities in the military","incorrectText2":"expand foreign investment in Hong Kong","incorrectText3":"limit the amount of land designated for the �responsibility system�"}, {"itemType":"C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC","questionText":"The government of Ayatollah Khomeini attempted to change Iranian society by","correctAnswerText":"implementing Islamic fundamentalist principles","incorrectText1":"extending political equality to women","incorrectText2":"allying with communist bloc countries","incorrectText3":"adopting a western economic system"}, {"itemType":"8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS","questionText":"One way in which Aung San Suu Kyi, Lech Walesa, and Nelson Mandela are similar is that they all","correctAnswerText":"led movements to end oppression of their people","incorrectText1":"supported the use of violence to achieve goals","incorrectText2":"inspired revolutions against autocratic monarchs","incorrectText3":"based their actions on the teachings of Karl Marx"}, {"itemType":"IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ","questionText":"� Mauryan Emperor Asoka incorporates Buddhist ideas into his laws. � Constantine legalizes Christianity throughout his empire. � Prince Vladimir forces Russians to become Eastern Orthodox Christians. Which generalization can be made based on these statements?","correctAnswerText":"Leaders are often influenced by cultural belief systems.","incorrectText1":"Religions have had little impact on the development of empires.","incorrectText2":"Many political leaders discouraged religious toleration.","incorrectText3":"Christianity has been a dominant force in Europe and India."}, {"itemType":"9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF","questionText":"One way in which apartheid in South Africa and the caste system in India are similar is that both systems","correctAnswerText":"enforced different sets of rules for distinct groups of people","incorrectText1":"allowed for educational opportunities","incorrectText2":"determined roles based on gender","incorrectText3":"revolved around central religious beliefs"}, {"itemType":"HARJ6XE78XNCXSA","questionText":"The treatment of Christian Armenians in Ottoman Turkey (1915) and the treatment of Bosnian Muslims in the former Yugoslavia (1990s) are examples of","correctAnswerText":"human rights violations","incorrectText1":"international relief efforts","incorrectText2":"expansion of voting rights","incorrectText3":"government protection of minorities"}, {"itemType":"8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A","questionText":"� Oral histories are as old as human beings. Before the invention of writing, information passed from generation to generation through the spoken word. Many people around the world continue to use oral traditions to pass along knowledge and wisdom. Interviews and recordings of community elders and witnesses to historical events provide exciting stories, anecdotes, and other information about the past.� �Library of Congress.   Based on this passage, historians should treat oral histories and oral traditions as","correctAnswerText":"cultural evidence","incorrectText1":" persuasive arguments","incorrectText2":"statistical data","incorrectText3":"unbiased sources"}, {"itemType":"6RC5YZ1KHUU0465","questionText":"Discovery of streets arranged in a grid-like pattern and a system of pipes for moving water in Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro suggest that these ancient river valley cities in South Asia had","correctAnswerText":"organized governments","incorrectText1":"subsistence-based economies","incorrectText2":"polytheistic beliefs","incorrectText3":"rigid social classes"}, {"itemType":"BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM","questionText":"The Egyptians used hieroglyphics in the same way as the Sumerians used","correctAnswerText":"cuneiform","incorrectText1":"ideographs","incorrectText2":"calligraphy","incorrectText3":"letters"}, {"itemType":"HSF4BRDGX2SXB69","questionText":"The Tang dynasty contributed to the development of Chinese culture by","correctAnswerText":"producing porcelain and block printing","incorrectText1":"creating a shogunate","incorrectText2":"introducing Hinduism as a major philosophy","incorrectText3":"devising a set of laws and carving them on rocks and pillars"}, {"itemType":"9TINW08CRITM2N9","questionText":"A primary goal of European Crusaders fighting in the Middle East was to","correctAnswerText":"secure access to Christian holy sites in Jerusalem","incorrectText1":"establish markets for Italian merchants","incorrectText2":"rescue Pope Urban II from the Byzantines","incorrectText3":"halt the advance of Mongol armies in the Asian steppes"}, {"itemType":"IR07J676OISB4HU","questionText":"Which statement best expresses the philosophy of humanism?","correctAnswerText":"People have potential and can improve themselves by learning.","incorrectText1":"God selects those to be saved.","incorrectText2":"The pope expresses the ultimate word of God.","incorrectText3":"A person�s life on Earth is merely preparation for the afterlife."}, {"itemType":"DVK5QLN0B25CP5N","questionText":"What was a major effect of the Columbian exchange?","correctAnswerText":"introduction of new food crops to Europe","incorrectText1":"economic collapse in Europe","incorrectText2":"decrease in European population","incorrectText3":"expansion of democratic rights throughout Europe"}, {"itemType":"V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY","questionText":"Akbar the Great tried to unify the Mughal Empire and create peace between the different people of India by","correctAnswerText":"promoting a policy of religious toleration","incorrectText1":"forcing all people to adopt modern dress","incorrectText2":"building the Taj Mahal to inspire healing","incorrectText3":"establishing Buddhism as the state religion"}, {"itemType":"KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I","questionText":"Toussaint L�Ouverture and Jos� de San Mart�n are leaders best known for","correctAnswerText":"leading independence movements","incorrectText1":"supporting religious reforms","incorrectText2":"promoting civil disobedience","incorrectText3":"opposing democracy"}, {"itemType":"3S3OX0N305A2N1R","questionText":"During World War I, developments in military technology led to","correctAnswerText":"the use of poisonous gas and submarine attacks","incorrectText1":" an early victory by the Allied powers","incorrectText2":"the establishment of industrial capitalism","incorrectText3":"an increase in ethnic tension in western Europe"}, {"itemType":"OVVV5FJUTV71M45","questionText":"One major reason the League of Nations failed was that it","correctAnswerText":"lacked the support of many of the major world powers during crises","incorrectText1":"was not included in the Versailles Treaty","incorrectText2":"was controlled by communist Russia","incorrectText3":"frightened many nations with its large military force"}, {"itemType":"YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP","questionText":"�The achievement gap between black and white students in South Africa is enormous. In the province of Western Cape, only 2 out of 1,000 sixth-graders in predominantly black schools performed at grade level on a math test in 2005, compared with 2 out of 3 children in schools once reserved for whites that are now integrated, but generally in more affluent [wealthier] neighborhoods.� �Celia W. Dugger.   which underlying historical factor most significantly contributed to this achievement gap?","correctAnswerText":"inequalities existing between the races under apartheid","incorrectText1":"economic sanctions placed on school communities","incorrectText2":"lack of governmental support for white educational programs","incorrectText3":"a period of political assassinations and civil war"}, {"itemType":"9ATK959C2RJDRXK","questionText":"�India Partitioned at Independence� �Serbs Fuel Conflict in Kosovo� �Grievances Divide Hutu and Tutsi�. Which conclusion do these headlines support?","correctAnswerText":"Ethnic and religious differences have been sources of tension.","incorrectText1":"Cultural diversity leads to stable societies.","incorrectText2":"Economic cooperation can overcome political issues.","incorrectText3":"Gender differences are more powerful than differences in social status."}, {"itemType":"I515USMBMX2R1D3","questionText":"� More than 30 years after �Year Zero� and more than a decade after the �return to democracy,� Cambodia remains in a league of its own � miserable, corrupt and compassionless. Only the toughest and the most unscrupulous can �make it� and get ahead. There is hardly any social net to speak of; the savage insanity of the Khmer Rouge has been replaced with savage capitalism, but often with the same people in charge.� � Andre Vitchek, �A Tortured History and Unanswered Questions�.    What does the author of this 2006 passage conclude?","correctAnswerText":"Though governments change, circumstances often remain the same.","incorrectText1":"New leadership is determined to replace the Khmer Rouge.","incorrectText2":"Harsh living conditions have caused people to rely extensively on a social net.","incorrectText3":"As democracy develops, circumstances will improve."}, {"itemType":"9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI","questionText":"The use of the decimal system, advancements in medicine, and construction of Hindu temples are most closely associated with the golden age of the","correctAnswerText":"Gupta Empire","incorrectText1":"Abbassid dynasty","incorrectText2":"Han dynasty","incorrectText3":"Roman Empire"}, {"itemType":"EPCP98OYHVDOU4A","questionText":"Which technological development contributed most directly to the success of the Protestant Reformation?","correctAnswerText":"printing press","incorrectText1":"astrolabe","incorrectText2":"wheel","incorrectText3":"compass"}, {"itemType":"KICKKXSXUCGKDYT","questionText":"The Neolithic Revolution is considered a turning point in global history because it led to","correctAnswerText":"the development of civilization","incorrectText1":"increasing migrations of people in search of food","incorrectText2":"increasing use of animal skins for clothing","incorrectText3":"a belief in a spiritual world"}, {"itemType":"HQSUDLM4W56G5G3","questionText":"In the practice of religion, the Ten Commandments are to Christianity as the Eightfold Path is to","correctAnswerText":"Buddhism","incorrectText1":"Islam","incorrectText2":"Daoism","incorrectText3":"Shinto"}, {"itemType":"M6L7YCS6YVBNI48","questionText":"� Made advances in mathematics, science, and medicine � Preserved Greek and Roman learning � Influenced Spanish architecture and literature. These achievements are most closely associated with the","correctAnswerText":"Golden Age of Islam","incorrectText1":"Maya Empire","incorrectText2":"Gupta Empire","incorrectText3":"Tang dynasty"}, {"itemType":"TBIDXY8QT09WZDG","questionText":"Which leader started the Protestant Reformation by speaking out against papal abuses and the sale of indulgences in the Ninety-five Theses?","correctAnswerText":"Martin Luther","incorrectText1":"John Calvin","incorrectText2":"John Wycliffe","incorrectText3":"Henry VIII"}, {"itemType":"QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD","questionText":"What was one important result of Mansa Musa�s pilgrimage to Mecca?","correctAnswerText":"","incorrectText1":"establishment of diplomatic ties with other Muslim states","incorrectText2":"creation of a large navy","incorrectText3":"translation of the Qur�an from Arabic to Swahili"}, {"itemType":"IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU","questionText":"Speaker A: It was a combination of the Protestant wind and the island nature of our nation that protected us. Surely, Philip must be upset at his defeat. Speaker B: Our archipelago and divine winds have protected us once again. The Mongols may have taken China, but they cannot conquer us. Speaker C: To support our growing population, we must find a suitable way to farm. With floating gardens on our lake, we should be able to grow enough to meet our demand. Speaker D: We have connected highland and lowland areas by building networks of roads and bridges. We have also built terraces into our mountainsides to grow crops.                  Which speaker is most likely from 16th-century England?","correctAnswerText":"A","incorrectText1":"B","incorrectText2":"C","incorrectText3":"D"}, {"itemType":"9150158FNA5XOVV","questionText":"One way in which Suleiman the Magnificent and Peter the Great are similar is that they both","correctAnswerText":"modernized their military","incorrectText1":"promoted free speech","incorrectText2":"isolated their people from outside influences","incorrectText3":"reduced taxes levied on their people"}, {"itemType":"OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0","questionText":"One scientific belief held by both Ren� Descartes and Isaac Newton is that","correctAnswerText":"reasoned thought is the way to discover truth","incorrectText1":"new theories should be made to fit existing traditional ideas","incorrectText2":"the method by which discoveries are made is unimportant","incorrectText3":"difficult problems should be solved by reading religious texts"}, {"itemType":"UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U","questionText":"� The Opium War of 1839�42 was short and one-sided, due to the superiority of European weapons, which came as a complete surprise to the Chinese. In the first skirmish alone, in July 1839, two British warships defeated twenty-nine Chinese ships. On land, the Chinese and their medieval weapons were no match for British troops armed with state-of-the-art muskets. By the middle of 1842 British troops had seized Hong Kong, taken control of the key river deltas, and occupied Shanghai and several other cities. The Chinese were forced to sign a peace treaty that granted Hong Kong to the British, opened five ports for the free trade of all goods, and required the payment of reparations to the British in silver, including compensation for the opium that had been destroyed by Commissioner Lin.� � Tom Standage           What was an immediate result of the Opium War described in this passage?","correctAnswerText":"signing the Treaty of Nanking","incorrectText1":"forming the Guomindang","incorrectText2":"beginning the Boxer Rebellion","incorrectText3":"organizing the Taiping Rebellion"}, {"itemType":"VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP","questionText":"Which event sparked the outbreak of World War I?","correctAnswerText":"assassination of the Austrian Archduke","incorrectText1":"attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan","incorrectText2":"Germany�s invasion of Poland","incorrectText3":"Bolshevik coup d��tat in Russia"}, {"itemType":"8UKFL9QB8570RXP","questionText":"Which agreement was labeled by the Nazis as unfair to Germany?","correctAnswerText":"Treaty of Versailles","incorrectText1":"Soviet Nonaggression Pact","incorrectText2":"Munich Pact","incorrectText3":"Treaty of Brest-Litovsk"}, {"itemType":"FX96LMXJUNBPTWL","questionText":"Prior to 1947, the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League worked together seeking to end","correctAnswerText":"foreign rule","incorrectText1":"nonviolence","incorrectText2":"religious diversity","incorrectText3":"nonalignment"}, {"itemType":"4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW","questionText":"What was an immediate result of the Great Leap Forward (1958)?","correctAnswerText":"increased famine in China","incorrectText1":"independence of Kenya from Great Britain","incorrectText2":"the breakup of the Soviet Union","incorrectText3":"the relocation of Bosnian refugees"}, {"itemType":"FTV4F5OFSF293XL","questionText":"� The grim statutes [laws] that I would spend the rest of my life fighting stared back at me from the page: the value of a woman�s life was half that of a man (for instance, if a car hit both on the street, the cash compensation due to the woman�s family was half that due the man�s); a woman�s testimony in court as a witness to a crime counted only half as much as a man�s; a woman had to ask her husband�s permission for divorce. The drafters of the penal code had apparently consulted the seventh century for legal advice. The laws, in short, turned the clock back fourteen hundred years, to the early days of Islam�s spread, the days when stoning women for adultery and chopping off the hands of thieves were considered appropriate sentences.� � Shirin Ebadi, Iran Awakening    -Based on this passage, which statement is a valid conclusion about Iran following the revolution in 1979?","correctAnswerText":"The legal system discriminated against women.","incorrectText1":"Men were often penalized for their treatment of women.","incorrectText2":"Laws were changed to reflect Western legal principles.","incorrectText3":"Legal decisions were based on economic values."}, {"itemType":"HI4X8VLDXB6CU97","questionText":"Which sequence of 20th-century Cold War events is in the correct chronological order?","correctAnswerText":"adoption of the Marshall Plan ?Cuban missile crisis ? fall of the Berlin Wall","incorrectText1":"fall of the Berlin Wall ?Cuban missile crisis ? adoption of the Marshall Plan","incorrectText2":"Cuban missile crisis ?fall of the Berlin Wall ? adoption of the Marshall Plan","incorrectText3":"fall of the Berlin Wall ? adoption of the Marshall Plan ? Cuban missile crisis"}, {"itemType":"38CTTRF38X7325C","questionText":"�Dalit [Untouchable] Families Forbidden to Use Public Water-Tap� �Nepal Bans Bias Against Untouchables in Move to End Hindu Caste System�.  These headlines reflect a conflict between","correctAnswerText":"traditional customs and modern law","incorrectText1":"child labor and industrialization","incorrectText2":"national self-determination and ethnic diversity","incorrectText3":"access to resources and forced migration"}, {"itemType":"BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9","questionText":"Feudalism and manorialism played an important role in western European society during the","correctAnswerText":"medieval period","incorrectText1":"Pax Romana","incorrectText2":"Enlightenment","incorrectText3":"Age of Exploration"}, {"itemType":"9UYVCNJEO4SL600","questionText":"Pope Urban II, Saladin, and King Richard the Lion-Hearted are leaders associated with the","correctAnswerText":"Crusades","incorrectText1":"Age of Charlemagne","incorrectText2":"Glorious Revolution","incorrectText3":"Counter Reformation"}, {"itemType":"SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ","questionText":"Which civilization is credited with recording data with quipu, developing an elaborate road system, and constructing Machu Picchu?","correctAnswerText":"Inca","incorrectText1":"Roman","incorrectText2":"Mesopotamian","incorrectText3":"Egyptian"}, {"itemType":"FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP","questionText":"I. __________________________________ A. Rule of Porfirio Diaz B. Peasant support for Francisco Pancho Villa C. Constitution of 1917 D.Land reform               Which revolution best completes this partial outline?","correctAnswerText":"Mexican","incorrectText1":"Cuban","incorrectText2":"Chinese","incorrectText3":"Iranian "}, {"itemType":"YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3","questionText":"Some of the ethnic strife in Africa today can be traced back to the European division of Africa resulting from the","correctAnswerText":"Berlin Conference","incorrectText1":"Treaty of Tordesillas","incorrectText2":"Congress of Vienna","incorrectText3":"Yalta Conference"}, {"itemType":"MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI","questionText":"One way in which the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire (1915) and the Tutsis in Rwanda (1994) are similar is that both groups","correctAnswerText":"suffered human rights violations","incorrectText1":"sought safe haven in the Soviet Union","incorrectText2":"seceded to create an independent state","incorrectText3":"fled to escape a severe flood"}, {"itemType":"A9BBHEWS99VQPQG","questionText":"What was one of the most important contributions of the Greek city-state of Athens?","correctAnswerText":"development of direct democracy","incorrectText1":"diffusion of a monotheistic belief system","incorrectText2":"promotion of the equality of all humans","incorrectText3":"creation of a writing system using hieroglyphics"}, {"itemType":"HWHPLOAQRN459YD","questionText":"Which belief system was the basis for the civil service exams given during the Han, Tang, and Song dynasties?","correctAnswerText":"Confucianism","incorrectText1":"legalism","incorrectText2":"Buddhism","incorrectText3":"Daoism"}, {"itemType":"ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH","questionText":"Which statement about the Islamic Golden Age is a fact rather than an opinion?","correctAnswerText":"Knowledge of astronomy was used by Muslims to fulfill religious obligations.","incorrectText1":"Islamic medicine was more advanced than Chinese medicine.","incorrectText2":"Poetry and literature were more important fields of study for Muslims than was mathematics.","incorrectText3":"Islamic philosophies relied less on Greek philosophical masters than on Indian philosophical masters."}, {"itemType":"PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3","questionText":"The early eastern European Slavic civilization at Kiev adopted the Eastern Orthodox religion, the Cyrillic alphabet, and certain styles of art and architecture as a result of","correctAnswerText":"trade with the Byzantine Empire","incorrectText1":"wars with Japan","incorrectText2":"conquests by Mongol invaders","incorrectText3":"visits to western European countries"}, {"itemType":"M32KSEKMXP9VM9H","questionText":"One result of the Protestant Reformation was","correctAnswerText":"a decline in religious unity in western Europe","incorrectText1":"fewer challenges to Church authority","incorrectText2":"the disbanding of the Jesuit order","incorrectText3":"a weakening of the Inquisition"}, {"itemType":"9NK0N52O2K7MILW","questionText":"For which achievement is Suleiman the Magnificent best known?","correctAnswerText":"uniting the Ottoman Empire under an efficient government structure","incorrectText1":"building the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem","incorrectText2":"spreading Christianity into the Balkan Peninsula","incorrectText3":"conquering the Russian capital of Moscow"}, {"itemType":"ACVORE5RIFGXI9T","questionText":"Which technological development enabled European navigators to determine their location during the Age of Exploration?","correctAnswerText":"astrolabe","incorrectText1":"lateen sail","incorrectText2":"cross bow","incorrectText3":"caravel"}, {"itemType":"W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG","questionText":"What happened in Russia as a result of actions taken by Peter the Great?","correctAnswerText":"Russia borrowed Western ideas and expanded its territories.","incorrectText1":"Russia was weakened by French invasions.","incorrectText2":"Catholicism was adopted as the state religion.","incorrectText3":"The Duma was reformed and the serfs were freed."}, {"itemType":"0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ","questionText":"Why is the Enlightenment considered a turning point in world history?","correctAnswerText":"Europeans changed their thinking about the role of government.","incorrectText1":"The factory system was used to mass-produce goods.","incorrectText2":"Martin Luther broke away from the Roman Catholic Church.","incorrectText3":"The Columbian exchange occurred."}, {"itemType":"LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z","questionText":"One way in which Toussaint L�Ouverture, Sim�n Bol�var, and Jos� de San Mart�n are similar is that they all were","correctAnswerText":"leaders of independence movements","incorrectText1":"supporters of mercantile policies","incorrectText2":"democratically elected leaders","incorrectText3":"industrial labor reformers"}, {"itemType":"6J6SIRWPNI6IONR","questionText":"One way in which Emperor Meiji of Japan and Kemal Atat�rk of Turkey are similar is that they both","correctAnswerText":"worked to modernize their nations","incorrectText1":"crushed secessionist movements","incorrectText2":"conquered eastern neighboring territories","incorrectText3":"protested against economic sanctions"}, {"itemType":"JOJC5JND6O7R6NH","questionText":"Which development occurred in Germany as a result of the terms imposed by the Treaty of Versailles?","correctAnswerText":"political instability","incorrectText1":"Soviet occupation","incorrectText2":"overseas expansion","incorrectText3":"economic prosperity"}, {"itemType":"TX38PQXUNZK77UN","questionText":"The original goal of Pan-Africanism was to","correctAnswerText":"promote a united Africa","incorrectText1":"demand democratic reforms","incorrectText2":"encourage ethnic rivalry","incorrectText3":"divide Africa into separate countries"}, {"itemType":"IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW","questionText":"What was the main reason refugees fled Rwanda in the 1990s?","correctAnswerText":"ethnic conflict","incorrectText1":"expansion of the Sahel","incorrectText2":"devastation from an earthquake","incorrectText3":"Cold War tensions"}, {"itemType":"B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68","questionText":"What is one way the conflict between India and Pakistan over Kashmir and the conflict between the Palestinians and Israelis in the Middle East are similar?","correctAnswerText":"Both conflicts concern territorial and religious issues.","incorrectText1":" Hostilities within these regions were provoked by the United Nations.","incorrectText2":"Both conflicts emerged as a result of the breakup of the Soviet Union.","incorrectText3":"Tensions in these regions were caused by efforts to remain nonaligned."}, {"itemType":"Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV","questionText":"Since 1999, what has been the primary role of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in world affairs?","correctAnswerText":"carrying out crisis management and peace enforcement tasks","incorrectText1":"conducting war crimes trials","incorrectText2":"protecting Western Europe from Soviet aggression","incorrectText3":"lowering tariffs between member nations"}, {"itemType":"0WK63DOOS2FXIQR","questionText":"Which current global problem was initiated with the development of atomic weapons?","correctAnswerText":"threats to world peace from unrestricted nuclear proliferation","incorrectText1":"increased health risks for humans and animals from industrial pollution","incorrectText2":"elevated carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to the deforestation of the rainforests","incorrectText3":"changes in world weather patterns and species habitats due to melting polar ice caps"}, {"itemType":"LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y","questionText":"Which sequence places these laws in the correct chronological order?","correctAnswerText":"Code of Hammurabi ? Twelve Tables ? Justinian Code ? Napoleonic Code","incorrectText1":"Code of Hammurabi ? Justinian Code ? Napoleonic Code ? Twelve Tables","incorrectText2":"Justinian Code ? Twelve Tables ? Napoleonic Code ? Code of Hammurabi","incorrectText3":"Twelve Tables ? Napoleonic Code ? Code of Hammurabi ? Justinian Code"}, {"itemType":"WA72MFJ0LXADZMV","questionText":"Which philosophy that was developed during the Renaissance is associated with a shift in focus away from religious subjects toward more secular subjects?","correctAnswerText":"humanism","incorrectText1":"communism","incorrectText2":"absolutism","incorrectText3":"scholasticism"}, {"itemType":"F4PB21EHTG20GMV","questionText":"One similarity in the rule of Akbar the Great and the rule of Elizabeth I is that both leaders implemented policies that encouraged","correctAnswerText":"religious toleration","incorrectText1":"compulsory education","incorrectText2":"military disarmament","incorrectText3":"voter participation"}, {"itemType":"RQFKPE3OR6A25JD","questionText":"One way in which the caste system in traditional India and the Estates system of pre-revolutionary France are similar is that","correctAnswerText":"social mobility was very limited","incorrectText1":"occupations were attained by merit","incorrectText2":"status was determined by education","incorrectText3":"impact on the daily lives of people was minimal"}, {"itemType":"I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ","questionText":"� Opium War (1839�1842) � Taiping Rebellion (1850�1864) � Boxer Rebellion (1898�1901) . This series of events is most closely associated with the","correctAnswerText":"growing concerns about the influence of the West in China","incorrectText1":"spread of communism to China and Korea","incorrectText2":"alliance formed between Vietnam and China","incorrectText3":"increasing expansion of civil and political rights in China"}, {"itemType":"6KQZN538LCU7K9W","questionText":"People do not often create records for the benefit of historians. They produce them for other reasons.� � Chris Hinton, 1998.  Based on this statement, historical sources often contain","correctAnswerText":"evidence that can be biased","incorrectText1":"facts that are completely balanced and reliable","incorrectText2":"accounts that represent all points of view","incorrectText3":"summaries that detail research about the distant past"}, {"itemType":"XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG","questionText":"Which statement about the Bantu migration is an opinion rather than a fact?","correctAnswerText":"Bantu civilization was superior to those civilizations that it displaced.","incorrectText1":"The migration occurred gradually over a long period of time.","incorrectText2":"Language and knowledge spread from northwestern to southern and eastern Africa.","incorrectText3":"The lack of primary documents makes it difficult to determine the exact cause of the migration."}, {"itemType":"LFNB87QHK1KPSO1","questionText":"Which belief system is considered monotheistic?","correctAnswerText":"Judaism","incorrectText1":"Confucianism","incorrectText2":"Shinto","incorrectText3":"animism"}, {"itemType":"YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1","questionText":"The Golden Age of India�s Gupta Empire is known for its","correctAnswerText":"advancements in mathematics and medicine","incorrectText1":"development of gunpowder","incorrectText2":"sea trade routes to Europe","incorrectText3":"acceptance of Christianity as an official religion"}, {"itemType":"34BUUBUS07QUA6M","questionText":"A key feature of European Renaissance culture was","correctAnswerText":"an outlook emphasizing classicism, secularism, and individualism","incorrectText1":"a reliance on the Pope and his knights to maintain political stability","incorrectText2":"a shift in production from the domestic system to the factory system","incorrectText3":"a way of thinking stressing humility and Christian faith"}, {"itemType":"NORRDWZROR868GG","questionText":"Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII all played a key role in the","correctAnswerText":"end of religious unity in Europe","incorrectText1":"attempts made to reclaim the Holy Land","incorrectText2":"fall of the Ottoman Empire","incorrectText3":"establishment of parliamentary democracy in Britain"}, {"itemType":"20E6K97FCPOIUK3","questionText":"Why is Ferdinand Magellan�s voyage considered a turning point in world history?","correctAnswerText":"One of his ships was the first to circumnavigate Earth.","incorrectText1":"Portugal�s claims to southern Africa were established.","incorrectText2":"His ship was the first to land in the Americas.","incorrectText3":"Britain�s control of the seas ended."}, {"itemType":"B7PFLDEF4F7G29R","questionText":"The impact of the printing press, astrolabe, and caravel on 16th-century Europe demonstrates the ability of technology to","correctAnswerText":"redefine human understanding of the world","incorrectText1":"limit which ideas can be transmitted","incorrectText2":"reinforce established traditional beliefs","incorrectText3":"exploit new sources of energy"}, {"itemType":"5MH112LCJ8OZFJM","questionText":"New scientific knowledge and understandings that developed during the Scientific Revolution were most often based on","correctAnswerText":"observation and experimentation","incorrectText1":"church law and faith","incorrectText2":"superstition and ancient practices","incorrectText3":"geometric formulas and astrology"}, {"itemType":"QSACQ30L9JIL10F","questionText":"As a result of the Russo-Japanese War, Japan came to be seen by Europeans as","correctAnswerText":"an emerging global threat","incorrectText1":"a likely area for colonization","incorrectText2":"the strongest of the imperialist countries","incorrectText3":"a leader in the movement for nonalignment"}, {"itemType":"9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ","questionText":"Speaker A: The British East India Company does not respect my beliefs. I cannot follow dharma and remain their soldier. I will return to my family in a Tamil village. Speaker B: My rebellious countrymen cannot accept my new religion and so they hate me and my �foreign devil� friends. The missionaries leave Beijing tomorrow for England. I must join them before the church compound is surrounded. Speaker C: The czar�s soldiers came again today, looted our village, drove off our livestock, and trampled anyone in their way. They even burned our synagogue. Our way of life is gone. It is time to emigrate to Palestine..       What is the primary focus of these speakers?","correctAnswerText":"religious persecution","incorrectText1":"civil war","incorrectText2":"economic reforms","incorrectText3":"colonial oppression"}, {"itemType":"CRTDFM43DP4R453","questionText":"Which condition is most closely associated with Mexico between 1910 and 1930?","correctAnswerText":"revolutions and political instability","incorrectText1":"establishment of a state religion","incorrectText2":"rapid industrialization by locally owned corporations","incorrectText3":"widespread support for foreign intervention"}, {"itemType":"FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR","questionText":"The difficult, year-long journey made by Mao Zedong and his Communist followers in 1934 through China�s mountains, marshes, and rivers was called the","correctAnswerText":"Long March","incorrectText1":"Cultural Revolution","incorrectText2":"Boxer Rebellion","incorrectText3":"Great Leap Forward"}, {"itemType":"IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0","questionText":"In the 1940s, the leadership of the Indian National Congress and the leadership of the Muslim League supported the goal of","correctAnswerText":"removing British control from the subcontinent","incorrectText1":"helping the British fight World War II","incorrectText2":"abolishing caste distinctions and discrimination","incorrectText3":"establishing a unified government based on religious teachings"}, {"itemType":"6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP","questionText":"What is one way post�World War II North Korea and post�World War II East Germany are similar?","correctAnswerText":"Both communist governments faced economic stagnation.","incorrectText1":"Monarchies were reestablished in both countries.","incorrectText2":"Democratic principles flourished in both countries.","incorrectText3":"Both countries threatened to use chemical weapons against China."}, {"itemType":"5WFRV6D1AF857M2","questionText":"� Tutsis and Hutus in Rwanda � Russians and Chechens in southwestern Russia � Tamils and Sinhalese in Sri Lanka. In the 1990s, which situation characterized the relationship of the peoples listed for each of these regions?","correctAnswerText":"brutal civil conflict","incorrectText1":"cooperative political compromise","incorrectText2":"development of a shared economy","incorrectText3":"movement toward religious toleration"}, {"itemType":"ICALETH1G91HXTE","questionText":"� I, John of Toul, make known that I am the liege man of the lady Beatrice, countess of Troyes, and of her son, Theobald, count of Champagne, against every creature, living or dead, saving my allegiance to lord Enjorand of Coucy, lord John of Arcis, and the count of Grandpr�. If it should happen that the count of Grandpr� should be at war with the countess and count of Champagne on his own quarrel, I will aid the count of Grandpr� in my own person, and will send to the count and the countess of Champagne the knights whose service I owe to them for the fief which I hold of them. But if the count of Grandpr� shall make war on the countess and the count of Champagne on behalf of his friends and not in his own quarrel, I will aid in my own person the countess and count of Champagne, and will send one knight to the count of Grandpr� for the service which I owe him for the fief which I hold of him, but I will not go myself into the territory of the count of Grandpr� to make war on him.�.   In which period of western European history was the relationship described In this passage most common?","correctAnswerText":"Medieval","incorrectText1":"Neolithic","incorrectText2":"Classical","incorrectText3":"Napoleonic"}, {"itemType":"6HN4D643RTBD5SO","questionText":"During the feudal period of Japanese history, the emperor had mainly symbolic authority. Which statement best explains the reason for this situation?","correctAnswerText":"Power had been granted to shoguns and daimyos.","incorrectText1":"Communist guerillas had destabilized domestic political institutions.","incorrectText2":"A democratic constitution prevented the emperor from centralizing authority.","incorrectText3":"American occupation forces had undermined the belief in the emperor�s divinity."}, {"itemType":"5KYWZNHEGDGC56G","questionText":"A library�s holdings include the following title: A Forgotten Kingdom, Being a Record of the results obtained from the excavation of two mounds, Atchana and Al Mina, in the Turkish Hatay. Which field of study would have been most responsible for conducting the excavation?","correctAnswerText":"archaeology","incorrectText1":"economics","incorrectText2":"sociology","incorrectText3":"political science"}, {"itemType":"5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK","questionText":"Which achievement played an important role in pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations?","correctAnswerText":"production of corn","incorrectText1":"use of gunpowder","incorrectText2":"domestication of horses","incorrectText3":"development of sugar plantations"}, {"itemType":"8L2TET9XHNDJDY6","questionText":"One way in which filial piety in Confucian China and citizenship in ancient Athens are similar is that both","correctAnswerText":"emphasized duties and responsibilities in society","incorrectText1":"encouraged the development of advanced technology","incorrectText2":"promoted respect for the physical environment","incorrectText3":"required that legalist principles be followed"}, {"itemType":"GON3JDO53HYHEHP","questionText":"� It was during the Arab period, particularly under the Umayyads (756�1031), that Qurtubah [Cordova] enjoyed its prime and grandeur and took its place as the most civilized city in Western Europe. None of the other Spanish historic cities � Toledo, Seville, and Granada � approached it in material prosperity and intellectual attainments. When Christendom was deep in its Dark Ages, Moslem Cordova was rearing men, evolving ideas, writing books, erecting buildings, and producing works of art that constituted a unique civilization. In the West it had one peer in Constantinople and in the East another, Baghdad. At no time before or after did any Spanish city enjoy such distinction.� � Philip K. Hitti, Capital Cities of Arab Islam.   -Based on this passage, What is a major criterion used to measure the distinctive civilization found In Cordova?","correctAnswerText":"intellectual achievements","incorrectText1":"unique religious beliefs","incorrectText2":"distance from Baghdad","incorrectText3":"depth of the Dark Ages"}]},
{
"itemId": "802935FD78086EEA2878D28",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "world history set 2",
"navBarTitleText": "world history set 2",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{"itemType":"FU9DRRDLASG0B18","questionText":"� It was during the Arab period, particularly under the Umayyads (756�1031), that Qurtubah [Cordova] enjoyed its prime and grandeur and took its place as the most civilized city in Western Europe. None of the other Spanish historic cities � Toledo, Seville, and Granada � approached it in material prosperity and intellectual attainments. When Christendom was deep in its Dark Ages, Moslem Cordova was rearing men, evolving ideas, writing books, erecting buildings, and producing works of art that constituted a unique civilization. In the West it had one peer in Constantinople and in the East another, Baghdad. At no time before or after did any Spanish city enjoy such distinction.� � Philip K. Hitti, Capital Cities of Arab Islam.   which term is best illustrated using this passage?","correctAnswerText":"golden age","incorrectText1":"divine right","incorrectText2":"spheres of influence","incorrectText3":"global interdependence"}, {"itemType":"29V66H94IK4K1K5","questionText":"Mansa Musa�s pilgrimage to Mecca demonstrates that he practiced","correctAnswerText":"Islam","incorrectText1":"animism","incorrectText2":"Sikhism","incorrectText3":"Buddhism"}, {"itemType":"MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0","questionText":"� Johannes Gutenberg � King Henry VIII � John Calvin. Which event in European history was most directly influenced by these individuals?","correctAnswerText":"Protestant Reformation","incorrectText1":"Reconquista","incorrectText2":"Glorious Revolution","incorrectText3":"trans-Atlantic slave trade"}, {"itemType":"MMPPPQTR96W85B9","questionText":"Which situation came first?","correctAnswerText":"Columbus arrived in the Caribbean region.","incorrectText1":"Spain introduced the encomienda system.","incorrectText2":"Portugal claimed Brazil.","incorrectText3":"Spain and Portugal competed for colonies in the Americas."}, {"itemType":"V1LX77TKH98RRK5","questionText":"One way in which the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment are similar is that both","correctAnswerText":"questioned traditional values and past practices","incorrectText1":"led to increased power for royal families in Europe","incorrectText2":"sought to reconcile Christian beliefs and science","incorrectText3":"promoted nationalistic revolutions in eastern Europe"}, {"itemType":"9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL","questionText":"Colonizer�s Logic These natives are unintelligent � We can�t understand their language. Chinweizu (Nigeria) � Voices from Twentieth-Century Africa: Griots and Towncriers.    the �logic� of the colonizers described In this Nigerian poem reflects their","correctAnswerText":"ethnocentric attitude","incorrectText1":"utopian plan","incorrectText2":"educational goals","incorrectText3":"militaristic behavior"}, {"itemType":"W8NPG9KNA7FY64R","questionText":"The movement to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine is best known as","correctAnswerText":"Zionism ","incorrectText1":"Marxism","incorrectText2":"multi-culturalism","incorrectText3":"militarism"}, {"itemType":"W51PW4MEE1QROQ1","questionText":"� Whatever we may wish or hope, and whatever course of action we may decide, whatever be the views held as to the legality, or the humanity, or the military wisdom and expediency [advisability] of such operations, there is not the slightest doubt that in the next war both sides will send their aircraft out without scruple [hesitation] to bomb those objectives which they consider the most suitable.� � H. Trenchard, Marshal of the Royal Air Force, 1928.    This passage implies that the author is","correctAnswerText":"aware that new weapons have broadened the theater of war","incorrectText1":"grateful for the availability of new weapons","incorrectText2":"certain that there will be no future wars","incorrectText3":"anxious about the legality of future military operations"}, {"itemType":"5XGL523ABIUTY7R","questionText":"Which event was the primary reason the United Nations called for a Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide in 1948?","correctAnswerText":"Holocaust","incorrectText1":"Bosnian massacres","incorrectText2":"killing fields in Cambodia","incorrectText3":"Hutu-Tutsi conflict"}, {"itemType":"4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT","questionText":"�Indira Gandhi Becomes Prime Minister of India� (1966) �Corazon Aquino Becomes First Elected Leader of Philippines� (1986) �Benazir Bhutto Becomes Prime Minister of Pakistan� (1988). These headlines indicate that women as leaders","correctAnswerText":"have attained key positions in a wide variety of industries","incorrectText1":"have gained some political power in traditionally patriarchal societies","incorrectText2":"were banned from political roles during the 20th century","incorrectText3":"were limited to one term in office"}, {"itemType":"WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4","questionText":"Which description best fits the Neolithic Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"shifting from hunting and gathering to farming as a way of life","incorrectText1":"moving from urban centers to rural centers","incorrectText2":"using petrochemical fertilizers and pesticides to increase production","incorrectText3":"replacing human laborers with machines"}, {"itemType":"Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF","questionText":"A study of the Gupta Empire would include information about","correctAnswerText":" medical and mathematical achievements","incorrectText1":"Egyptian conquests","incorrectText2":"Muslim architectural influences","incorrectText3":"the British East India Company�s trading posts"}, {"itemType":"3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5","questionText":"� Zheng He�s seven voyages are sponsored by the government. � Corn and peanuts are introduced into the people�s diet. � The Forbidden City is built in Beijing. Which time period is associated with these statements?","correctAnswerText":"Ming dynasty","incorrectText1":"Tokugawa shogunate","incorrectText2":"rule of Kublai Khan","incorrectText3":"Japanese annexation of Korea"}, {"itemType":"XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4","questionText":"The 1453 conquest of Constantinople is an important turning point in global history because it","correctAnswerText":"contributed to the rise of the Ottoman Empire","incorrectText1":"ushered in Pax Romana","incorrectText2":"began the Middle Ages","incorrectText3":"signified the end of the Napoleonic Wars"}, {"itemType":"6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4","questionText":"One way in which Karl Marx, Vladimir Lenin, and Fidel Castro are similar is that each believed in","correctAnswerText":"achieving change through revolution","incorrectText1":"supporting a capitalist system","incorrectText2":"preserving a rigid social system","incorrectText3":"spreading the teachings of Christianity"}, {"itemType":"C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC","questionText":"Geneticists are tracing the movements of people in prehistoric Europe using our DNA as a time machine. . . . � Joe Palca, �Tracing Human Migration Through DNA,� NPR Weekend Edition Saturday, August 11, 2007.   This passage suggests that modern science can be used to","correctAnswerText":"aid historical analysis","incorrectText1":"show the development of a point of view","incorrectText2":"explain ancient medical practices","incorrectText3":"predict future events"}, {"itemType":"8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS","questionText":"The Neolithic Revolution is often considered a turning point in history because","correctAnswerText":"permanent settlements developed in river valleys","incorrectText1":"city dwellers learned to control fire","incorrectText2":"societies became more nomadic","incorrectText3":"nuclear families evolved into extended families"}, {"itemType":"IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ","questionText":"Filial piety and the five relationships are most often associated with","correctAnswerText":"Confucianism","incorrectText1":"Hinduism","incorrectText2":"animism","incorrectText3":"Daoism"}, {"itemType":"9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF","questionText":"Which development is most closely associated with the beginning of the Byzantine Empire?","correctAnswerText":"division of the Roman Empire","incorrectText1":"emergence of the Russian Orthodox Church","incorrectText2":"building of the Hagia Sophia","incorrectText3":"fall of Constantinople"}, {"itemType":"HARJ6XE78XNCXSA","questionText":"� Creation of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad � Development of algebra � Use of calligraphy as an art form. Which Golden Age is most closely associated with these achievements?","correctAnswerText":"Islamic","incorrectText1":"Tang","incorrectText2":"Gupta","incorrectText3":"Songhai"}, {"itemType":"8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A","questionText":"� Stained glass windows assist people in understanding Biblical stories. � Taller and larger cathedrals emphasize the grandeur and glory of God. These statements best describe elements of","correctAnswerText":"Gothic architecture","incorrectText1":"the Four Noble Truths","incorrectText2":"Chinese pagodas","incorrectText3":"Greek ideas"}, {"itemType":"6RC5YZ1KHUU0465","questionText":"Which statement is an opinion rather than a fact?","correctAnswerText":"Mali would have flourished without Mansa Musa�s influence.","incorrectText1":"Mansa Musa made a pilgrimage to Mecca.","incorrectText2":"Mali�s economy was based on the gold and salt trade.","incorrectText3":"Timbuktu became a center for Islamic learning."}, {"itemType":"BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM","questionText":"By closing Japanese harbors to most foreigners in the 1600s, the Tokugawa shogunate attempted to","correctAnswerText":"protect Japan from European influence","incorrectText1":"increase Japanese agricultural production","incorrectText2":"eliminate Japan�s influence on Southeast Asia","incorrectText3":"destroy traditional Japanese culture"}, {"itemType":"HSF4BRDGX2SXB69","questionText":"One way in which the Aztec and Inca civilizations are similar is that they both","correctAnswerText":"developed advanced architectural techniques","incorrectText1":"defeated the Spanish conquistadors","incorrectText2":"lacked strong central governments","incorrectText3":"settled primarily in river valleys"}, {"itemType":"9TINW08CRITM2N9","questionText":"The slogan �Blood and Iron� and a united Germany are most closely associated with","correctAnswerText":"Otto von Bismarck","incorrectText1":"Prince Metternich","incorrectText2":"Camillo Cavour","incorrectText3":"Sim�n Bol�var"}, {"itemType":"IR07J676OISB4HU","questionText":"One similarity between the Sepoy Rebellion in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China is that both were","correctAnswerText":"attempts to end foreign interference","incorrectText1":"religious reform movements","incorrectText2":"reactions to the opium trade","incorrectText3":"successful revolts against absolute monarchs"}, {"itemType":"DVK5QLN0B25CP5N","questionText":"Between 1923 and 1938, which leader instituted a modernization program in Turkey?","correctAnswerText":"Kemal Atat�rk","incorrectText1":"Shah Reza Pahlavi","incorrectText2":"Jawaharlal Nehru","incorrectText3":"Ho Chi Minh"}, {"itemType":"V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY","questionText":"One way in which the conquest of Manchuria by the Japanese (1931) and the annexation of Czechoslovakia by Germany (1939) are similar is that these actions","correctAnswerText":"demonstrated the weakness of the League of Nations","incorrectText1":" marked the end of the aggressive expansion of these nations","incorrectText2":"reestablished the balance of power in the world","incorrectText3":" led to the Long March"}, {"itemType":"KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I","questionText":"Which function of the United Nations is based on the concept of collective security?","correctAnswerText":"coordinating global peacekeeping","incorrectText1":"providing health services","incorrectText2":"monitoring educational programs","incorrectText3":"assisting in agricultural research"}, {"itemType":"3S3OX0N305A2N1R","questionText":"In the 1990s, which two countries dominated the headlines because genocide was occurring in those countries?","correctAnswerText":"Sudan and Rwanda","incorrectText1":"Switzerland and Poland","incorrectText2":"Vietnam and Singapore","incorrectText3":"Costa Rica and Jamaica"}, {"itemType":"OVVV5FJUTV71M45","questionText":"Which leader�s policies included glasnost and perestroika?","correctAnswerText":"Mikhail Gorbachev","incorrectText1":"Fidel Castro","incorrectText2":"Nikita Khrushchev","incorrectText3":"Deng Xiaoping"}, {"itemType":"YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP","questionText":"�Contaminated Food from China Sold in the United States� �Computer Virus Shuts Down Hundreds of Businesses Worldwide� �Multinational Corporations Relocate Factories� These headlines are directly related to","correctAnswerText":"economic interdependence","incorrectText1":"world hunger","incorrectText2":"overpopulation","incorrectText3":"global warming"}, {"itemType":"9ATK959C2RJDRXK","questionText":"One way in which knights, samurai, and warlords are similar is that they all","correctAnswerText":"held positions of power in feudal systems","incorrectText1":"were traditional religious leaders","incorrectText2":"occupied military posts in the Chinese Empire","incorrectText3":"expelled the Moors from Spain"}, {"itemType":"I515USMBMX2R1D3","questionText":"� Vasco da Gama discovered an all-water route from Europe to India. � Ferdinand Magellan�s crew circumnavigated the globe. � Issac Newton defined the forces of gravity. These events relate most directly to","correctAnswerText":"revised understandings of natural surroundings","incorrectText1":"questioning the benefits of the mercantile system","incorrectText2":"increased suspicion between different religions","incorrectText3":"development of new manufacturing techniques"}, {"itemType":"9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI","questionText":"One way in which King Louis XVI of France and Czar Nicholas II of Russia are similar is that both","correctAnswerText":"were executed by revolutionaries","incorrectText1":"were known as great military leaders","incorrectText2":"advocated religious reform","incorrectText3":"supported the emancipation of serfs"}, {"itemType":"EPCP98OYHVDOU4A","questionText":"Porfirio Diaz, Francisco �Pancho� Villa, and Emiliano Zapata are best known for their struggles in the","correctAnswerText":"Mexican Revolution","incorrectText1":"Haitian independence movement","incorrectText2":"Nicaraguan War","incorrectText3":"Cuban Revolution"}, {"itemType":"KICKKXSXUCGKDYT","questionText":"�The girl and two other children were left on a mountaintop to succumb [fall victim] to the cold as offerings to the gods, according to the archaeologists who found the mummified remains in Argentina in 1999�. � �Frozen Inca Mummy Goes On Display,� National Geographic News, September 11, 2007.    This passage best illustrates the role of archaeologists in","correctAnswerText":"interpreting evidence","incorrectText1":"challenging customs","incorrectText2":"classifying artifacts","incorrectText3":"planning expeditions"}, {"itemType":"HQSUDLM4W56G5G3","questionText":"Which statement about the Neolithic Revolution is an opinion rather than a fact?","correctAnswerText":"Early peoples made greater cultural advancements than did people of later civilizations.","incorrectText1":"The Neolithic Revolution resulted in changes for nomadic peoples.","incorrectText2":"New technology was developed during the Neolithic Revolution.","incorrectText3":"Agricultural developments resulted in the establishment of permanent settlements."}, {"itemType":"M6L7YCS6YVBNI48","questionText":"The concept of zero, the expansion of the caste system, and the creation of the decimal system are most closely associated with the","correctAnswerText":"Gupta Empire","incorrectText1":"Inca Empire","incorrectText2":"Song dynasty","incorrectText3":"Tokugawa shogunate"}, {"itemType":"TBIDXY8QT09WZDG","questionText":"What was one ideal of Renaissance humanism?","correctAnswerText":"investigating areas of interest and fulfilling one�s potential","incorrectText1":"training as a knight and practicing chivalry","incorrectText2":"obeying divine right monarchs and the church","incorrectText3":"living apart from the world and taking monastic vows"}, {"itemType":"QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD","questionText":"One way in which the Ming dynasty in the early 1400s and the Spanish monarchy in the late 1400s are similar is that both governments","correctAnswerText":"supported the expansion of overseas trade","incorrectText1":"promoted religious diversity","incorrectText2":"encouraged democratic reforms","incorrectText3":"emphasized equal rights for women"}, {"itemType":"IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU","questionText":"Which event is considered the immediate cause of World War I?","correctAnswerText":"assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand","incorrectText1":"signing of the Treaty of Versailles","incorrectText2":"invasion of Poland by Germany","incorrectText3":"use of unrestricted submarine warfare by Germany"}, {"itemType":"9150158FNA5XOVV","questionText":"During the Cold War, nations that adopted a policy of nonalignment believed they should","correctAnswerText":"follow a course independent of the superpowers","incorrectText1":"be exempt from United Nations decisions","incorrectText2":"restrict trade with neighboring countries","incorrectText3":"reject international environmental treaties"}, {"itemType":"OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0","questionText":"A goal of modern-day religious fundamentalism is to","correctAnswerText":"maintain traditional religious values in society","incorrectText1":"combine the religious teachings of Islam and Christianity","incorrectText2":"encourage the practice of other religions","incorrectText3":"adopt secular attitudes instead of religious beliefs"}, {"itemType":"UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U","questionText":"What have members of the European Union (EU) and countries of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) both attempted to do?","correctAnswerText":"reduce regional trade barriers","incorrectText1":"monopolize iron and steel production","incorrectText2":"establish collective farms","incorrectText3":"seize control of the production and distribution of resources"}, {"itemType":"VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP","questionText":"Which leader is most closely associated with Desmond Tutu and F. W. de Klerk?","correctAnswerText":"Nelson Mandela","incorrectText1":"Jomo Kenyatta","incorrectText2":"Kwame Nkruhmah","incorrectText3":"Jawaharlal Nehru"}, {"itemType":"8UKFL9QB8570RXP","questionText":"Since the end of the Cold War, what has been the primary cause of conflicts in Chechnya, Azerbaijan, and Bosnia?","correctAnswerText":"religious and ethnic tensions","incorrectText1":"adoption of capitalism","incorrectText2":"poor health care and starvation ","incorrectText3":"efforts at Russification"}, {"itemType":"FX96LMXJUNBPTWL","questionText":"The Code of Hammurabi and the Twelve Tables of Rome are examples of","correctAnswerText":"written laws","incorrectText1":"religious rules of conduct","incorrectText2":"economic sanctions","incorrectText3":"early constitutions"}, {"itemType":"4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW","questionText":"Which individual is correctly paired with an individual who further developed his ideas?","correctAnswerText":"Nicolaus Copernicus ? Galileo Galilei","incorrectText1":"Pope Urban II ? Martin Luther","incorrectText2":"Hernando Cortez ? Sim�n Bol�var","incorrectText3":"Louis XVI ? Maximilien Robespierre"}, {"itemType":"FTV4F5OFSF293XL","questionText":"Which heading best completes the partial outline below? I. _________________________________ A. Escape feudal oppression B. Earn salvation from sins C. Recapture the Holy Land","correctAnswerText":"Reasons for Europeans to Fight the Crusades","incorrectText1":"Goals of the Hanseatic League","incorrectText2":"Results of the Reconquista","incorrectText3":"Aims of Charlemagne"}, {"itemType":"HI4X8VLDXB6CU97","questionText":"The English Bill of Rights and the political philosophy of John Locke both support the idea of a","correctAnswerText":"limited government","incorrectText1":"coalition government","incorrectText2":"fascist dictatorship","incorrectText3":"Marxist dictatorship"}, {"itemType":"38CTTRF38X7325C","questionText":"Which idea is correctly paired with a document that supports it?","correctAnswerText":"capitalism � Wealth of Nations","incorrectText1":"colonialism � The Prince","incorrectText2":"militarism � Sadler Report","incorrectText3":"monotheism � The Communist Manifesto"}, {"itemType":"BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9","questionText":"One goal of the Congress of Vienna was to","correctAnswerText":"establish a new balance of power in Europe","incorrectText1":"protect Europe from Ottoman advances","incorrectText2":"end abuses within the Catholic Church","incorrectText3":"redraw the boundaries of Africa"}, {"itemType":"9UYVCNJEO4SL600","questionText":"�Indeed whilst on the one hand civil disobedience authorises disobedience of unjust laws or unmoral laws of a state which one seeks to overthrow, it requires meek and willing submission to the penalty of disobedience and therefore cheerful acceptance of the jail discipline and its attendant hardships�. Which individual is the author of this passage?","correctAnswerText":"Mohandas Gandhi","incorrectText1":"Otto von Bismarck","incorrectText2":"Ho Chi Minh","incorrectText3":"Fidel Castro"}, {"itemType":"SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ","questionText":"Which conflict is most closely associated with events in Nanjing, Dunkirk, and Hiroshima?","correctAnswerText":"World War II","incorrectText1":"Russian Revolution","incorrectText2":"Cultural Revolution","incorrectText3":"Korean War"}, {"itemType":"FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP","questionText":"� Keeping field notes from excavation sites � Analyzing radiocarbon dating test results � Examining and cataloging artifacts. Which social scientist directly engages in these activities?","correctAnswerText":"archaeologist","incorrectText1":"political scientist","incorrectText2":"historian","incorrectText3":"sociologist"}, {"itemType":"YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3","questionText":"The rule of Shi Huangdi, legalism, and the tomb of terra cotta soldiers are most closely associated with the","correctAnswerText":"Qin dynasty","incorrectText1":"Maurya Empire","incorrectText2":"Persian Empire","incorrectText3":"Hellenistic culture"}, {"itemType":"MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI","questionText":"Which religion includes the Four Noble Truths, the Eightfold Path, and nirvana?","correctAnswerText":"Buddhism","incorrectText1":"Judaism","incorrectText2":"Hinduism","incorrectText3":"Christianity"}, {"itemType":"A9BBHEWS99VQPQG","questionText":"The Russian Orthodox Church developed as a result of Russia�s cultural interactions with which group?","correctAnswerText":"Byzantines","incorrectText1":"Vikings","incorrectText2":"Muslims","incorrectText3":"Huns"}, {"itemType":"HWHPLOAQRN459YD","questionText":"Speaker A: We must fight to keep control of Jerusalem in the hands of those who believe in Allah. Speaker B: Come and battle while there is still time to protect the Holy Land where Christ walked. Speaker C: We must go forth to heal the split between the churches. Speaker D: An investment in ships and knights will yield control of profitable trade routes..   Which speaker expresses a Muslim perspective during the Crusades?","correctAnswerText":"A","incorrectText1":"B","incorrectText2":"C","incorrectText3":"D"}, {"itemType":"ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH","questionText":"In The Prince, Machiavelli advises rulers to","correctAnswerText":"establish and maintain power","incorrectText1":"seek the approval of the people","incorrectText2":"promote openness in government","incorrectText3":"learn and follow the commandments of the church"}, {"itemType":"PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3","questionText":". . . It recounts the life of the officials, the notaries, the deputies, the proprietors of Indian labour, the priests, the miners and the Spaniards who travel from post to post along the roads and rivers of Peru; the visitors, the judges, the Indian chiefs and their subjects, including the very poor. In my work I have always tried to obtain the most truthful accounts, accepting those which seemed to be substantial and which were confirmed from various sources. I have only reported those facts which several people agreed upon as being true. . . . � Huam�n Poma, Letter to a King: A Peruvian Chief�s Account of Life Under the Incas and Under Spanish Rule, E. P. Dutton.  This author is describing the process he used in","correctAnswerText":"developing a historical account from primary sources","incorrectText1":"formulating a scientific theory from earlier experiments","incorrectText2":"comparing details of differing religions","incorrectText3":"explaining the importance of obeying laws"}, {"itemType":"M32KSEKMXP9VM9H","questionText":". . . It recounts the life of the officials, the notaries, the deputies, the proprietors of Indian labour, the priests, the miners and the Spaniards who travel from post to post along the roads and rivers of Peru; the visitors, the judges, the Indian chiefs and their subjects, including the very poor. In my work I have always tried to obtain the most truthful accounts, accepting those which seemed to be substantial and which were confirmed from various sources. I have only reported those facts which several people agreed upon as being true. . . . � Huam�n Poma, Letter to a King: A Peruvian Chief�s Account of Life Under the Incas and Under Spanish Rule, E. P. Dutton.  According to This author, accounts used in making statements of fact must be","correctAnswerText":"verified","incorrectText1":"brief","incorrectText2":"interesting","incorrectText3":"unbiased"}, {"itemType":"9NK0N52O2K7MILW","questionText":"What was a major effect of the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights on Great Britain?","correctAnswerText":"The power of the monarch was limited.","incorrectText1":"Ireland revolted against the monarchy.","incorrectText2":"Parliament was abolished.","incorrectText3":"A renewed interest in Greek and Roman culture developed."}, {"itemType":"ACVORE5RIFGXI9T","questionText":"Which event is most closely associated with the French Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"Reign of Terror","incorrectText1":"Council of Trent","incorrectText2":"Thirty Years� War","incorrectText3":"Paris Peace Conference"}, {"itemType":"W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG","questionText":"A. Toussaint L�Ouverture declares Haiti independent. B. Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen is written in France. C. The thirteen colonies gain independence from Great Britain. D. Sim�n Bol�var frees Colombia from Spanish rule..   What is the correct chronological order for these events?","correctAnswerText":"C ? B ? A ? D ","incorrectText1":"A ? B ? D ? C ","incorrectText2":"A ? D ? C ? B","incorrectText3":"D ? C ? B ? A"}, {"itemType":"0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ","questionText":"A major goal of both the Sepoy Mutiny and the Boxer Rebellion was to","correctAnswerText":"remove foreign influences","incorrectText1":"restore parliamentary government","incorrectText2":"improve access to civil service examinations","incorrectText3":"outlaw caste systems"}, {"itemType":"LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z","questionText":"The Amritsar Massacre and the Salt March are both associated with the independence movement in","correctAnswerText":"India","incorrectText1":"Iraq","incorrectText2":"China","incorrectText3":"Kenya"}, {"itemType":"6J6SIRWPNI6IONR","questionText":". . . No one in this country [Great Britain] who examines carefully the terms under which Hitler�s troops begin their march into Czecho-Slovakia to-day can feel other than unhappy. Certainly the Czechs will hardly appreciate Mr. Chamberlain�s phrase that it is �peace with honour.�. . . � �Return from Munich,� Guardian, October 1, 1938.   The author of This excerpt is reacting to Prime Minister Chamberlain�s policy of","correctAnswerText":"appeasement","incorrectText1":"self-determination","incorrectText2":"containment","incorrectText3":"ethnic segregation"}, {"itemType":"JOJC5JND6O7R6NH","questionText":"In the second half of the 20th century, what was one action taken by both Nelson Mandela and Desmond Tutu?","correctAnswerText":"protesting against apartheid in South Africa","incorrectText1":"supporting the white government of Rhodesia","incorrectText2":"sending troops to liberate captives in Sudan","incorrectText3":"leading the independence movement in Ghana"}, {"itemType":"TX38PQXUNZK77UN","questionText":"Which characteristic is most closely associated with both Pol Pot�s government in Cambodia and Slobodan Milosevic�s government in Yugoslavia?","correctAnswerText":"use of terror to achieve political goals","incorrectText1":"support for freedom of speech","incorrectText2":"establishment of a theocratic system","incorrectText3":"respect for ethnic minorities"}, {"itemType":"IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW","questionText":"Which historical period is associated with the concept of zero, the development of a handbook on medicine, and the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam?","correctAnswerText":"Golden Age of Islam","incorrectText1":"European Renaissance","incorrectText2":"Songhai Empire","incorrectText3":"Age of Pericles"}, {"itemType":"B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68","questionText":"Speaker A: I do not agree with what you have to say, but I�ll defend to the death your right to say it. Speaker B: Government has no other end, but the preservation of property. Speaker C: Man is born free, and everywhere he is in shackles. Which historical period is best represented in the ideas expressed by these speakers?","correctAnswerText":"Enlightenment","incorrectText1":"Age of Exploration","incorrectText2":"Counter Reformation","incorrectText3":"Early Middle Ages"}, {"itemType":"Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV","questionText":"The inhumane policies of the Reconquista, pogroms, and the Holocaust were all results of","correctAnswerText":"intolerance and prejudice","incorrectText1":" civil disobedience and passive resistance","incorrectText2":"acculturation and assimilation","incorrectText3":"war guilt and reparations"}, {"itemType":"0WK63DOOS2FXIQR","questionText":"Which title best completes the partial outline below? I. __________________________________ A. Berlin blockade B. Cuban missile crisis C. Vietnam War","correctAnswerText":"Cold War Confrontations","incorrectText1":"Path to World War I","incorrectText2":"Victories for Democracy","incorrectText3":"Terrorism in the 20th Century"}, {"itemType":"LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y","questionText":"Which example best represents a primary source?","correctAnswerText":"film footage taken during the liberation of Nazi concentration camps","incorrectText1":"a 20th-century novel about events leading up to the French Revolution","incorrectText2":"an interview with an expert on the fall of the Roman Empire","incorrectText3":"a lecture on the impact of the African slave trade on South America"}, {"itemType":"WA72MFJ0LXADZMV","questionText":"A similarity between Shinto in Japan and animism in African societies is that both","correctAnswerText":"believe that spirits exist in nature","incorrectText1":"use the Torah to establish law codes","incorrectText2":"stress the importance of the Eightfold Path","incorrectText3":"base social rank on a caste system"}, {"itemType":"F4PB21EHTG20GMV","questionText":"The Code of Hammurabi and Chinese legalism both rely on the idea that","correctAnswerText":"harsh laws are needed to control society","incorrectText1":"governments must provide their people with rights","incorrectText2":"all subjects are equal under the law","incorrectText3":"religion and government must be brought closer together"}, {"itemType":"RQFKPE3OR6A25JD","questionText":"One similarity between the Gupta Empire and the Arab dynasties of the Islamic Golden Age is that they","correctAnswerText":"made advances in mathematics and literature","incorrectText1":"gained wealth by obtaining gold from the Americas","incorrectText2":"stressed the importance of dharma and karma","incorrectText3":"controlled territories around the Mediterranean seacoast"}, {"itemType":"I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ","questionText":"Which culture is credited with the development of gunpowder, the abacus, and the compass?","correctAnswerText":"Chinese","incorrectText1":"Indian","incorrectText2":"Persian","incorrectText3":"Japanese"}, {"itemType":"6KQZN538LCU7K9W","questionText":"� Cyrillic alphabet adopted for use in Russia. � Russians accepted the teachings of the Orthodox Christian Church. � Onion-shaped domes dotted the skyline of Kievan Russia. Which term is most closely associated with these statements?","correctAnswerText":"cultural diffusion","incorrectText1":"ethnocentrism","incorrectText2":"interdependence","incorrectText3":"colonialism"}, {"itemType":"XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG","questionText":"Humanism during the Italian Renaissance was focused on","correctAnswerText":"the importance of the individual","incorrectText1":"the affairs of the church","incorrectText2":"self-sufficiency","incorrectText3":"political theories"}, {"itemType":"LFNB87QHK1KPSO1","questionText":"Which individual�s work had the greatest impact on the spread of Martin Luther�s ideas?","correctAnswerText":"Johannes Gutenberg","incorrectText1":"Galileo Galilei","incorrectText2":"Niccol� Machiavelli","incorrectText3":"William Shakespeare"}, {"itemType":"YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1","questionText":"The social class system in Latin America during the 16th and 17th centuries reflects the","correctAnswerText":"dominance of Spanish-born nobility","incorrectText1":"emerging equality between classes","incorrectText2":"influence of mestizo economic power","incorrectText3":"increasing social mobility of Native American Indians"}, {"itemType":"34BUUBUS07QUA6M","questionText":"One way in which Suleiman the Magnificent and Akbar the Great are similar is that they both brought about periods of","correctAnswerText":"political stability and religious tolerance","incorrectText1":"religious conquest and persecution","incorrectText2":"isolationism and cultural stagnation","incorrectText3":"modernization and political disunity"}, {"itemType":"NORRDWZROR868GG","questionText":"Which statement about the Scientific Revolution in Europe is accurate?","correctAnswerText":"Scientists questioned traditional beliefs about the universe.","incorrectText1":"The existence of natural laws was rejected.","incorrectText2":"New ideas supported the geocentric theory of Ptolemy.","incorrectText3":"The Bible was used to justify new scientific findings."}, {"itemType":"20E6K97FCPOIUK3","questionText":"Which of these developments in Africa was a cause of the other three?","correctAnswerText":"The Berlin Conference of 1884 influenced colonial boundaries.","incorrectText1":"Rival tribal groups fought wars.","incorrectText2":"Traditional territories and culture groups were permanently fragmented.","incorrectText3":"African economies became dependent on the sale of cash crops and raw materials."}, {"itemType":"B7PFLDEF4F7G29R","questionText":"Which cultures fought with the Zulus in the 19th century over the control of land in South Africa?","correctAnswerText":"British and Boer","incorrectText1":"German and French","incorrectText2":"Indian and Belgian","incorrectText3":"Ethiopian and Italian"}, {"itemType":"5MH112LCJ8OZFJM","questionText":". . . Our celestial empire [China] rules over ten thousand kingdoms! Most surely do we possess a measure of godlike majesty which ye cannot fathom! Still we cannot bear to slay or exterminate without previous warning, and it is for this reason that we now clearly make known to you the fixed laws of our land. If the foreign merchants of your said honorable nation desire to continue their commercial intercourse, they then must tremblingly obey our recorded statutes, they must cut off for ever the source from which the opium flows, and on no account make an experiment of our laws in their own persons! Let then your highness [Queen Victoria] punish those of your subjects who may be criminal, do not endeavor to screen or conceal them, and thus you will secure peace and quietness to your possessions, thus will you more than ever display a proper sense of respect and obedience, and thus may we unitedly enjoy the common blessings of peace and happiness. What greater joy! What more complete felicity [harmony] than this! . . . � Chinese High Commissioner Lin Zexu�s letter to Queen Victoria.   Which event is most directly related to the 19thcentury situation described in this passage?","correctAnswerText":"signing of the Treaty of Nanjing","incorrectText1":"Russo-Japanese War","incorrectText2":"annexation of Korea","incorrectText3":"epoy Rebellion"}, {"itemType":"QSACQ30L9JIL10F","questionText":"Which statement about Turkish leader Atat�rk is an opinion rather than a fact?","correctAnswerText":"His major accomplishment was the separation of church and state.","incorrectText1":"He promoted modernization.","incorrectText2":"His efforts led to the development of industries.","incorrectText3":"He encouraged people to wear western-style clothing."}, {"itemType":"9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ","questionText":". . . �You should take steps now to cease military resistance. Otherwise, we shall resolutely employ this bomb and all our other superior weapons to promptly and forcefully end the war.� . . . This paragraph from a 1945 Allied leaflet warned the","correctAnswerText":"Japanese civilians of a United States attack","incorrectText1":"Czechs of a German invasion","incorrectText2":"Americans in Hawaii of a Japanese attack","incorrectText3":"Koreans of a Russian invasion"}, {"itemType":"CRTDFM43DP4R453","questionText":"The Marshall Plan was designed to stop the spread of communism by providing","correctAnswerText":"funds for economic recovery in war-torn European nations","incorrectText1":"government housing to refugees","incorrectText2":"military assistance to Vietnam","incorrectText3":"nuclear weapons to North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) members"}, {"itemType":"FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR","questionText":"� China implemented a one-child policy. � African nations established educational and health care agendas. � Latin American nations worked with the United States to reduce drug trafficking. Which conclusion can best be drawn using all of these statements?","correctAnswerText":"Countries have had to address a variety of economic and social problems.","incorrectText1":"The governments of different countries reacted in various ways to the same problem.","incorrectText2":"Population explosions took place in some countries during the 20th century.","incorrectText3":"Some countries looked toward other nations to help solve their problems."}, {"itemType":"IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0","questionText":"What is a long-term effect of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979?","correctAnswerText":"The influence of militant Islamic groups increased in the region.","incorrectText1":"Communism was strengthened in South Asia.","incorrectText2":"Hostilities between China and India lessened.","incorrectText3":"Tensions along the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan were reduced."}, {"itemType":"6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP","questionText":"Armenians under Ottoman rule and Cambodians under the Khmer Rouge both experienced","correctAnswerText":"human rights violations","incorrectText1":"an outbreak of the plague","incorrectText2":"economic sanctions","incorrectText3":"an agricultural revolution"}, {"itemType":"5WFRV6D1AF857M2","questionText":"One way in which the Council of Trent (1545�1563) and the Versailles Conference (1918�1919) are similar is that they both attempted to","correctAnswerText":"restore stability after a period of conflict or disorder","incorrectText1":"address economic concerns by lowering tariffs","incorrectText2":"defend human rights by establishing written codes of law","incorrectText3":"encourage cultural development through the creation of universities"}, {"itemType":"ICALETH1G91HXTE","questionText":"A primary reason the Mongols and the British were able to expand their empires through conquest was because of","correctAnswerText":"a knowledge and command of advanced technologies","incorrectText1":"a rejection of democratic policies and practices","incorrectText2":"the development of religious and cultural reforms","incorrectText3":"an extended period of peaceful trade and commerce"}, {"itemType":"6HN4D643RTBD5SO","questionText":"Which event can be considered a conflict brought about in part by a religious reform movement?","correctAnswerText":"Iranian Revolution","incorrectText1":"World War I","incorrectText2":"World War II","incorrectText3":"Cuban Revolution"}, {"itemType":"5KYWZNHEGDGC56G","questionText":"Which document is considered a primary source?","correctAnswerText":"personal correspondence","incorrectText1":"encyclopedia article","incorrectText2":"modern textbook","incorrectText3":"biography"}, {"itemType":"5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK","questionText":"Which Neolithic Revolution development led to the other three?","correctAnswerText":"domestication of plants and animals","incorrectText1":"complex civilizations","incorrectText2":"surplus of food","incorrectText3":"division of labor"}, {"itemType":"8L2TET9XHNDJDY6","questionText":"Which achievements are most closely associated with the Tang and Song dynasties of China?","correctAnswerText":"gunpowder and movable wooden type","incorrectText1":"wheel and stirrup","incorrectText2":"chinampas and calendar","incorrectText3":"mosaics and domes"}, {"itemType":"GON3JDO53HYHEHP","questionText":"Which institution served as the primary unifying force in medieval western Europe?","correctAnswerText":"church","incorrectText1":"legislature","incorrectText2":"monarchy","incorrectText3":"military"}, {"itemType":"17S7REU8QQJYUYZ","questionText":"Which change to Christian church practice was suggested by Martin Luther?","correctAnswerText":"printing the Bible in the vernacular so all could read it","incorrectText1":"increasing the sale of indulgences","incorrectText2":"installing statues of saints in churches","incorrectText3":"saying the mass in Latin so the faithful would learn it"}, {"itemType":"11Y568S0S231L12","questionText":"China�s image of itself as the Middle Kingdom is associated with","correctAnswerText":"controlling how contact occurs with other cultures","incorrectText1":"welcoming foreign ideas and influences","incorrectText2":"mixing Western religions with traditional Chinese philosophies","incorrectText3":"building the Grand Canal to expand trade within China"}]},
{     "itemId": "14CD8C0F2CDBE25571DB50D",     "itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",     "itemNickname": "world history set 3",     "navBarTitleText": "world history set 3",     "number_of_answers": "4",     "buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",     "incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",     "backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",     "incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",     "incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",     "showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",     "backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",     "backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",     "secondsToDisappear": "4",     "pointsToLose": "1",     "number_of_questions": "25",     "randomize_question_order": "1",     "show_correct_answers": "0",     "show_incorrect_answers": "0",     "delay_between_questions": "2",     "show_timer": "1",     "show_questionNumber": "0",     "show_score_box": "1",     "points_per": "4",       "passing_score": "65",     "reset_timer": "0",     "disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",     "topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",     "question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",     "button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",     "enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",     "enableGameCenter": "0",     "share_via_email": "0",     "share_via_tmFB": "0",     "share_via_tmTWT": "0",     "enableShareViaAndy": "0",     "childItems": [{"itemType":"FU9DRRDLASG0B18","questionText":"The signing of the Magna Carta in 1215 and the Glorious Revolution in 1688 were key events in English history because they resulted in","correctAnswerText":"limiting the power of the monarchy","incorrectText1":"creating alliances with France","incorrectText2":"defeating Protestant nobles","incorrectText3":"annexing territory"}, {"itemType":"29V66H94IK4K1K5","questionText":"The unification of Germany under Otto von Bismarck demonstrates the","correctAnswerText":"impact of nationalism","incorrectText1":"influence of Marxist ideology","incorrectText2":"force of civil disobedience","incorrectText3":"power of democratic ideals"}, {"itemType":"MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0","questionText":"A similarity between the Sepoy Rebellion in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China is that both were","correctAnswerText":"attempts to remove foreign influence","incorrectText1":"movements to establish communist governments","incorrectText2":"efforts to restore trade monopolies","incorrectText3":"struggles to westernize cultures"}, {"itemType":"MMPPPQTR96W85B9","questionText":"Observation of a Soldier in World War I Private Archie Surfleet, February 8th, 1918 � We have been in camp near the wood at �curie for some days now and a more miserable existence it would be hard to imagine. There is nothing but unrest and uncertainty and everyone here is absolutely fed up to the teeth. � Malcolm Brown, Tommy Goes to War.    Which hypothesis can best be supported by This passage?","correctAnswerText":"Conditions contributed to low troop morale.","incorrectText1":"Allied forces were on the verge of winning the war.","incorrectText2":"Technology had created a military stalemate.","incorrectText3":"Revolution in Russia hastened the end of the war."}, {"itemType":"V1LX77TKH98RRK5","questionText":"The Nuremberg Trials are considered an important event in the 20th century because they","correctAnswerText":"established principles of responsibility for human rights violations","incorrectText1":"brought an end to genocide","incorrectText2":"condemned the use of nuclear weapons","incorrectText3":"ruled on provisions for the postwar occupation of Germany"}, {"itemType":"9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL","questionText":"What was one social change Mao Zedong instituted in China after 1949?","correctAnswerText":"granting legal equality for men and women","incorrectText1":"requiring arranged marriages","incorrectText2":"adopting the practice of foot binding","incorrectText3":"mandating Confucianism as the state philosophy"}, {"itemType":"W8NPG9KNA7FY64R","questionText":"Which statement about the United Nations is a fact rather than an opinion?","correctAnswerText":"The membership of the United Nations has increased since its formation.","incorrectText1":"The United Nations has too many committees to be effective.","incorrectText2":"The United Nations would be more efficient if its headquarters moved to Europe.","incorrectText3":"The United Nations has successfully met most of its goals."}, {"itemType":"W51PW4MEE1QROQ1","questionText":"Which document is most closely associated with the Arab-Israeli conflict?","correctAnswerText":"Balfour Declaration","incorrectText1":"Kyoto Protocol","incorrectText2":"Communist Manifesto","incorrectText3":"Treaty of Nanjing"}, {"itemType":"5XGL523ABIUTY7R","questionText":". . . The horrible truth is that failure to eradicate [destroy] the root causes of terrorism is almost certain to extend the Age of Terrorism, it is not clear that they really can be eradicated. To appease the extremists might be easy but may not work. To allow them to win would be to accept the supremacy of evil. To promote democracy and open government might be the ultimate solution, but it stands on a shaky conceptual foundation of untested assumptions about the nature of the world and diverse cultures. Unfortunately, the world is at a point where it can see the danger from terrorism but not the cure. Worse still, a cure may not exist. � Steven Metz, �Can Terrorism Be Cured?,� Project Syndicate.   The author of this 2006 passage concludes that terrorism","correctAnswerText":"is extremely difficult to defeat","incorrectText1":"has failed to take root","incorrectText2":"requires a strong military response","incorrectText3":"will be overcome through diplomacy"}, {"itemType":"4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT","questionText":"One way in which the actions of Alexander the Great, Saladin, and Shaka Zulu are similar is that each implemented","correctAnswerText":"military strategies to defeat opponents","incorrectText1":"constitutions to define political powers","incorrectText2":"policies to increase religious persecution","incorrectText3":"legal changes to protect human rights"}, {"itemType":"WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4","questionText":"In the traditional Hindu caste system and in the social hierarchy of colonial Latin America, the status of a person was usually determined by","correctAnswerText":"birth","incorrectText1":"education","incorrectText2":"wealth","incorrectText3":"power"}, {"itemType":"Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF","questionText":". . . The split arose from a dispute over who should succeed the Prophet Muhammad after his death in A.D. 632. Some followers believed his successor should be chosen by tribal consensus, and they named one of Muhammad�s inner circle as the first caliph, or spiritual leader. But others thought the successor should come directly from the Prophet�s family, namely his cousin and sonin- law Ali. . . . Source: National Geographic, June 2004. The situation described in This passage led to the","correctAnswerText":"division of Sunnis and Shiites","incorrectText1":"pogroms in Russia","incorrectText2":"fall of Constantinople","incorrectText3":"tensions between Protestants and Catholics"}, {"itemType":"3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5","questionText":"� Focus on individual achievement � Use of classical Greek and Roman ideas � Artistic works of Leonardo da Vinci Which time period is most closely associated with these characteristics?","correctAnswerText":"Early Middle Ages","incorrectText1":"Hellenistic Golden Age","incorrectText2":"European Renaissance","incorrectText3":"Scientific Revolution"}, {"itemType":"XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4","questionText":"� Romans destroy the temple in Jerusalem. � British officials partition India. � Hutus and Tutsis fight in Rwandan civil war.. One way in which these events are similar is that each resulted in the","correctAnswerText":"emigration of people from their homelands","incorrectText1":"establishment of uniform legal codes","incorrectText2":"intervention of coalition military forces","incorrectText3":"acceptance of new political boundaries"}, {"itemType":"6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4","questionText":"� Analyzing the design of a Shang bronze pot � Deciphering the writing on the Rosetta Stone � Examining the fabric of a Japanese kimono. These actions are most often performed by","correctAnswerText":"an archaeologist","incorrectText1":"a political scientist","incorrectText2":"a sociologist","incorrectText3":"a geographer"}, {"itemType":"C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC","questionText":"One way in which The Epic of Gilgamesh, The Odyssey, and The Mahabharata are similar is that they are","correctAnswerText":"works of literature that give historiansinformation about early civilizations","incorrectText1":"sets of written legal principles that spell out the rights of citizens","incorrectText2":"stories that are tied to monotheistic religious beliefs","incorrectText3":"paintings that depict heroes and cultural values"}, {"itemType":"8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS","questionText":"� Preserved Hindu traditions � Produced fine poems and drama � Made advances in mathematics, science, and medicine. These achievements refer to contributions of the","correctAnswerText":"Gupta Empire","incorrectText1":"Greek city-states","incorrectText2":"Persian Empire","incorrectText3":"Tang dynasty"}, {"itemType":"IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ","questionText":"The leadership of Genghis Khan, the use of the stirrup, and excellent horsemanship skills all contributed directly to the","correctAnswerText":"rise of the Mongol Empire","incorrectText1":"collapse of Silk Road trade","incorrectText2":"defeat of Tokugawa Japan","incorrectText3":"beginning of European exploration"}, {"itemType":"9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF","questionText":"The basic idea of this book is simple: to tell the story of the Crusades as they were seen, lived, and recorded on �the other side��in other words, in the Arab camp. Its content is based almost exclusively on the testimony of contemporary Arab historians and chroniclers. . . . � Amin Maalouf, The Crusades Through Arab Eyes, Al Saqi Books.   This passage indicates that the author�s emphasis is on","correctAnswerText":"point of view","incorrectText1":"cause and effect","incorrectText2":"reenactment","incorrectText3":"chronological order "}, {"itemType":"HARJ6XE78XNCXSA","questionText":"Which pair of ideas were central to the Scientific Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"observation and experimentation","incorrectText1":"social stability and economic self-sufficiency","incorrectText2":"technology and military expansion","incorrectText3":"scarcity and interdependence"}, {"itemType":"8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A","questionText":"Which of these events related to the French Revolution occurred first?","correctAnswerText":"Louis XVI called the Estates General into session.","incorrectText1":"Napoleon became emperor of France.","incorrectText2":"The Declaration of the Rights of Man was issued.","incorrectText3":"The Committee of Public Safety led the Reign of Terror."}, {"itemType":"6RC5YZ1KHUU0465","questionText":"Speaker A: If the rate of population growth continues to exceed the growth in the food supply, there will not be enough food for all of the people. Speaker B: There are people who are wealthy and people who are poor. This is just how things are. Speaker C: History is the story of class struggle. Eventually, the working class will rise up and revolt against the wealthy. Speaker D: The government should do what is best for most of its people..  Which speaker best represents the views of Karl Marx?","correctAnswerText":"C","incorrectText1":"A","incorrectText2":"B","incorrectText3":"D"}, {"itemType":"BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM","questionText":"A major goal of the Hutu-led regime in Rwanda in mid-1994 was to","correctAnswerText":"eliminate the Tutsi minority","incorrectText1":"align with the Soviet Union","incorrectText2":"promote ethnic tolerance","incorrectText3":"strengthen ties with Belgium"}, {"itemType":"HSF4BRDGX2SXB69","questionText":"The gathering at Amritsar (1919), the rallies in Soweto (1976), and the demonstrations in Tiananmen Square (1989) directly resulted in","correctAnswerText":"violence against the protestors","incorrectText1":"rejection of Western ideas","incorrectText2":"promises of economic reform","incorrectText3":"movements toward democracy"}, {"itemType":"9TINW08CRITM2N9","questionText":"�Japan Presses Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Policy on Southeast Asia� �Tokyo Is Firebombed� �Atom Bomb Dropped on Nagasaki�. Which period of Japanese history is associated with these headlines?","correctAnswerText":"reign of Emperor Hirohito","incorrectText1":"Tokugawa shogunate","incorrectText2":"Meiji Restoration","incorrectText3":"Japan�s economic miracle"}, {"itemType":"IR07J676OISB4HU","questionText":"Which historic figure is correctly paired with the empire he ruled?","correctAnswerText":"Justinian � Byzantine Empire","incorrectText1":"Charlemagne � Spanish Empire","incorrectText2":"Peter the Great � Ottoman Empire","incorrectText3":"Sulieman the Magnificent � Russian Empire"}, {"itemType":"DVK5QLN0B25CP5N","questionText":"Which condition characterized Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire and China after the fall of the Manchu dynasty?","correctAnswerText":"weak centralized authority and interference from outsiders","incorrectText1":"renewed interest in artistic pursuits such as painting and sculpture","incorrectText2":"democratic rule and a coordinated economic policy","incorrectText3":"increased construction of roads, bridges, and other public works"}, {"itemType":"V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY","questionText":"Which action led most directly to divisions in Christianity in western Europe?","correctAnswerText":"Martin Luther posting the Ninety-five Theses","incorrectText1":"Pope Urban II calling for the Crusades","incorrectText2":"King John signing the Magna Carta","incorrectText3":"German cities establishing the Hanseatic League"}, {"itemType":"KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I","questionText":"Advances in navigation technology and the desire of Europeans to obtain goods from Asia are most closely associated with the","correctAnswerText":"Age of Exploration","incorrectText1":"rise of feudalism","incorrectText2":"Agricultural Revolution","incorrectText3":"Age of Reason"}, {"itemType":"3S3OX0N305A2N1R","questionText":"The Puritan Revolution and the Glorious Revolution are both closely associated with the","correctAnswerText":"rise of parliamentary democracy in England","incorrectText1":"expansion of Papal authority in Rome","incorrectText2":"beginning of the Reconquista in Spain","incorrectText3":"calling of the Congress of Vienna"}, {"itemType":"OVVV5FJUTV71M45","questionText":"Which event came first in Latin American history?","correctAnswerText":"Sim�n Bol�var established Gran Colombia.","incorrectText1":"Panama regained control of the Panama Canal.","incorrectText2":"Fidel Castro became the communist leader of Cuba.","incorrectText3":"The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was signed by Mexico, Canada, and the United States."}, {"itemType":"YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP","questionText":"A direct result of the Neolithic Revolution is that people","correctAnswerText":"began living in permanent settlements","incorrectText1":"developed a nomadic way of life","incorrectText2":"depended on hunting and gathering","incorrectText3":"used crop rotation to increase agricultural output"}, {"itemType":"9ATK959C2RJDRXK","questionText":"Which practice is most closely associated with a person of the Islamic faith?","correctAnswerText":"praying five times a day","incorrectText1":"refraining from eating meat on Fridays","incorrectText2":"following the Eightfold Path","incorrectText3":"worshipping many gods"}, {"itemType":"I515USMBMX2R1D3","questionText":"The Gupta Empire was best known for its","correctAnswerText":"advances in mathematics and medicine","incorrectText1":"efforts to resist European imperialism","incorrectText2":"development of the barter system","incorrectText3":"construction of Angkor Wat"}, {"itemType":"9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI","questionText":"A major contribution of the Byzantine Empire was the","correctAnswerText":"preservation of Greek science and Roman engineering","incorrectText1":"invention of the wheel and gunpowder","incorrectText2":"participation of citizens in government","incorrectText3":"diffusion of Hindu beliefs"}, {"itemType":"EPCP98OYHVDOU4A","questionText":"� The introduction of gunpowder helped bring an end to feudalism. � The printing press played an important role in causing the Reformation. These statements best reflect the idea that","correctAnswerText":"technological advances can lead to major change","incorrectText1":"environmental changes can affect human society","incorrectText2":"contact with other societies can lead to conflict and war","incorrectText3":"economic change can be slow and almost unnoticed"}, {"itemType":"KICKKXSXUCGKDYT","questionText":"Martin Luther was primarily dissatisfied with the Roman Catholic Church because he","correctAnswerText":"disagreed with the sale of indulgences","incorrectText1":"thought the church lacked structure","incorrectText2":"blamed the church for not curing people who had the plague","incorrectText3":"believed that kings should have more power to appoint clergy"}, {"itemType":"HQSUDLM4W56G5G3","questionText":"� Dominated the eastern Mediterranean Sea (1500s) � Conquered Egypt and Syria (1517) � Laid siege to Vienna (1529) Which empire is most closely associated with these events?","correctAnswerText":"Ottoman Empire","incorrectText1":"Persian Empire","incorrectText2":"Spanish Empire","incorrectText3":"Russian Empire"}, {"itemType":"M6L7YCS6YVBNI48","questionText":"What was a direct result of the trans-Atlantic slave trade on African cultures?","correctAnswerText":"Many African communities faced economic disaster.","incorrectText1":"European industrial factories were established throughout Africa.","incorrectText2":"Animism was no longer practiced in Africa.","incorrectText3":"Africans across the continent hired Europeans to train their military."}, {"itemType":"TBIDXY8QT09WZDG","questionText":"What was one effect of the French Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"Nationalistic feelings were stimulated.","incorrectText1":"Differences between ethnic groups were eliminated.","incorrectText2":"Communism became popular.","incorrectText3":"Militarism was discouraged."}, {"itemType":"QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD","questionText":"One way in which the Sepoy Rebellion in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China are similar is that both attempted to","correctAnswerText":"remove foreign influences","incorrectText1":"restore democracy","incorrectText2":"modernize their economy","incorrectText3":"end religious conflict"}, {"itemType":"IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU","questionText":"The Opium Wars of the mid-19th century marked the beginning of the","correctAnswerText":"domination of China by foreign powers","incorrectText1":"rivalry between China and Taiwan","incorrectText2":"decline of European influence in East Asia","incorrectText3":"global effort to combat drug use"}, {"itemType":"9150158FNA5XOVV","questionText":"The Iranian Revolution of 1979 resulted in the establishment of","correctAnswerText":"an Islamic state","incorrectText1":"a secular Western-style democracy","incorrectText2":"a constitutional monarchy","incorrectText3":"a military dictatorship"}, {"itemType":"OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0","questionText":"Mikhail Gorbachev contributed to the fall of communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe by","correctAnswerText":"introducing the policies of perestroika and glasnost","incorrectText1":"violating nuclear arms agreements","incorrectText2":"invading Afghanistan","incorrectText3":"signing the Camp David Accords"}, {"itemType":"UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U","questionText":"Which statement about the Green Revolution is most accurate?","correctAnswerText":"It increased food output in many developing countries.","incorrectText1":"It reduced the amount of chemical pollutants in the environment.","incorrectText2":"It decreased dependence on fossil fuels.","incorrectText3":"It attempted to end colonial rule."}, {"itemType":"VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP","questionText":"One way in which Pax Romana and Pax Mongolia are similar is that both were characterized by","correctAnswerText":"political stability","incorrectText1":"unifying religious institutions","incorrectText2":"representative forms of government","incorrectText3":"social equality for men and women"}, {"itemType":"8UKFL9QB8570RXP","questionText":"One way in which Emperor Meiji and Atat�rk are similar is that they both promoted","correctAnswerText":"reform and modernization","incorrectText1":"isolation and nationalism","incorrectText2":"capitalism and democracy","incorrectText3":"revolution and absolutism"}, {"itemType":"FX96LMXJUNBPTWL","questionText":"Before September 1939, the European response to Hitler�s actions included","correctAnswerText":" following a policy of appeasement","incorrectText1":"blockading the coast of Germany","incorrectText2":"forcing Germany to sign the Versailles Treaty","incorrectText3":"creating alliances under the United Nations Charter"}, {"itemType":"4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW","questionText":"�Czar Abdicates! Provisional Government Formed� �Peasants Promised �Peace, Land, and Bread�� �Reds and Whites Fight Bloody Civil War�. Which revolution is the focus of these headlines?","correctAnswerText":"Russian","incorrectText1":"Mexican","incorrectText2":"Chinese","incorrectText3":"Cuban"}, {"itemType":"FTV4F5OFSF293XL","questionText":". . . The only way to go was up. And, on June 26, 1948, planes from all over the world were employed to begin an airlift to fly needed food and supplies to the Berliners. The Soviets attempted to frighten away the Allied planes. One Soviet plane, trying to tighten the blockade, fired on a British plane as it attempted to land in Berlin. Both planes crashed, killing all aboard. But the airlift continued. . . . Source: Doris M. Epler, The Berlin Wall, The Millbrook Press.  The events described in This passage occurred soon after","correctAnswerText":"World War II","incorrectText1":"World War I","incorrectText2":"the Korean War","incorrectText3":"the Six-Day War"}, {"itemType":"HI4X8VLDXB6CU97","questionText":"�Greek Statues Unearthed in Pompeii� �Chinese Porcelain Found at Zimbabwe Dig� �Mixtec Textiles Found Near Aztec Ruins� Which concept is illustrated by these headlines?","correctAnswerText":"cultural diffusion","incorrectText1":"colonialism","incorrectText2":"ethnocentrism","incorrectText3":"isolationism"}, {"itemType":"38CTTRF38X7325C","questionText":"What was a result of the Neolithic Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"Civilizations developed.","incorrectText1":"Humans first learned to use fire.","incorrectText2":"Life expectancy declined.","incorrectText3":"People began hunting and gathering for food."}, {"itemType":"BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9","questionText":"Which belief system is considered monotheistic?","correctAnswerText":"Judaism","incorrectText1":"Jainism ","incorrectText2":"Daoism","incorrectText3":"Shinto"}, {"itemType":"9UYVCNJEO4SL600","questionText":"� Hinduism was the dominant religion. � Murals were painted on the Ajanta cave walls. � The concept of zero and the decimal system were introduced. Which empire is described by these statements?","correctAnswerText":"Gupta","incorrectText1":"Persian","incorrectText2":"Maurya","incorrectText3":"British"}, {"itemType":"SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ","questionText":"Technological achievements made during the Tang and Song dynasties were important because they","correctAnswerText":"contributed to economic growth and cultural advancement","incorrectText1":"were used to defeat Kublai Khan","incorrectText2":"increased contact with the Americas","incorrectText3":"led to social equality between men and women"}, {"itemType":"FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP","questionText":"What was a major characteristic of the Renaissance in Europe?","correctAnswerText":"Secular achievements were emphasized.","incorrectText1":"Suffrage was granted to men and women.","incorrectText2":"Most literature was written in Arabic.","incorrectText3":"Most ancient Greek and Roman ideas were rejected."}, {"itemType":"YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3","questionText":"Which advancement in technology revolutionized the way ideas were spread throughout western Europe in the 15th century?","correctAnswerText":"improvements to the printing press","incorrectText1":"development of the astrolabe","incorrectText2":"introduction of the telegraph","incorrectText3":"creation of the telescope"}, {"itemType":"MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI","questionText":"One way in which Toussaint L�Ouverture, Sim�n Bol�var, and Jos� de San Mart�n are similar is that they","correctAnswerText":"led independence movements","incorrectText1":"supported the Reconquista","incorrectText2":"fought for Native American suffrage","incorrectText3":"defended the encomienda system"}, {"itemType":"A9BBHEWS99VQPQG","questionText":"The Sepoy Rebellion is considered an important event in Indian history because it was one cause of the","correctAnswerText":"independence movement in India","incorrectText1":"secession of Bangladesh from Pakistan","incorrectText2":"establishment of French colonies in India","incorrectText3":"creation of the Mughal Empire by Muslims"}, {"itemType":"HWHPLOAQRN459YD","questionText":"The term empire is best defined as","correctAnswerText":"an extensive territory under the rule of a single authority","incorrectText1":"a political unit that has a common religious faith","incorrectText2":"a government ruled by the consent of the people","incorrectText3":"a country that requires conquered peoples to assimilate"}, {"itemType":"ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH","questionText":"The Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente contributed to the start of World War I by","correctAnswerText":"increasing tensions between European countries","incorrectText1":"failing to include Germany and France as members","incorrectText2":"threatening countries in the Western Hemisphere","incorrectText3":"allowing Japanese aggression in Korea"}, {"itemType":"PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3","questionText":"Mohandas Gandhi�s protests during India�s independence movement were often successful because of his application of","correctAnswerText":"civil disobedience","incorrectText1":"an appeasement policy","incorrectText2":"traditional caste beliefs","incorrectText3":"divide-and-conquer principles"}, {"itemType":"M32KSEKMXP9VM9H","questionText":"The primary purpose of the United Nations is to","correctAnswerText":"resolve conflicts between nations peacefully","incorrectText1":"control world grain prices","incorrectText2":"promote democratic governments","incorrectText3":"unite all nations militarily through alliances"}, {"itemType":"9NK0N52O2K7MILW","questionText":"World War II was a turning point for many European colonies in Africa and Asia because the war led to","correctAnswerText":"increased efforts by these colonies to gain independence","incorrectText1":"the occupation of most European colonies by United Nations troops","incorrectText2":"the expansion of European imperialism","incorrectText3":"decreased friction between the Europeans and their colonies"}, {"itemType":"ACVORE5RIFGXI9T","questionText":"One way in which the Korean War and the Vietnam War are similar is that both","correctAnswerText":"developed from Cold War tensions","incorrectText1":"resulted in unification of two formerly independent nations","incorrectText2":"reflected the success of the Western policy of containment","incorrectText3":"attempted to remove French imperialists from power"}, {"itemType":"W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG","questionText":"One similarity in the results of the revolutions led by Fidel Castro in Cuba and by the Sandinistas in Nicaragua is that both","correctAnswerText":"followed Marxist principles","incorrectText1":"restored a monarchy","incorrectText2":"destroyed a theocracy","incorrectText3":"protected freedom of the press"}, {"itemType":"0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ","questionText":"In European and Japanese feudal societies, social status was usually determined by","correctAnswerText":"birth","incorrectText1":"marriage","incorrectText2":"individual abilities","incorrectText3":"education and training"}, {"itemType":"LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z","questionText":"Which document established the principle of limited monarchy in England?","correctAnswerText":"Magna Carta","incorrectText1":"Twelve Tables","incorrectText2":"Act of Supremacy","incorrectText3":"Balfour Declaration"}, {"itemType":"6J6SIRWPNI6IONR","questionText":"The Boxer Rebellion and the work of Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen) are most closely associated with the","correctAnswerText":"rise of nationalism in China","incorrectText1":"Long March","incorrectText2":"Golden Age of China","incorrectText3":"Cultural Revolution"}, {"itemType":"JOJC5JND6O7R6NH","questionText":"Poles in 1918 and Jews prior to 1948 are examples of","correctAnswerText":"peoples without their own state","incorrectText1":"colonized peoples in the British Empire","incorrectText2":"groups that joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)","incorrectText3":"groups represented"}, {"itemType":"TX38PQXUNZK77UN","questionText":"One similarity found in both Egyptian and Sumerian civilizations is that each developed a","correctAnswerText":"written language","incorrectText1":"monotheistic religion","incorrectText2":"ziggurat","incorrectText3":"compass "}, {"itemType":"IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW","questionText":"Which text is essential to the practice of Islam?","correctAnswerText":"Qur�an (Koran)","incorrectText1":"New Testament","incorrectText2":"Torah","incorrectText3":"Analects"}, {"itemType":"B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68","questionText":"The development of the concept of zero, the use of a decimal system, and the Buddhist cave paintings at Ajanta are all achievements of the","correctAnswerText":"Gupta Empire","incorrectText1":"Inca Empire","incorrectText2":"Roman Republic","incorrectText3":"Kingdom of Songhai"}, {"itemType":"Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV","questionText":"What was the most important force in providing unity and stability throughout western Europe during the Middle Ages?","correctAnswerText":"church","incorrectText1":"inquisition","incorrectText2":"nobility","incorrectText3":"military"}, {"itemType":"0WK63DOOS2FXIQR","questionText":". . . As early as the struggle for the steppe he had spread the claim that Heaven had destined him as ruler; members of Mongol trading caravans spread stories intended to cause panic among the local populace; forged letters were fed to Sultan Muhammad which strengthened his mistrust of his Turkic units; freedom of religion was proclaimed; those who offered no resistance were promised that life and property would be spared; terrible destruction was threatened in the event of resistance; bloody examples were designed to spread fear and reduce the populace�s will to resist. . . . � Paul Ratchnevsky, Genghis Khan: His Life and Legacy, Blackwell Publishing.   According to This passage, Which Mongol practice contributed greatly to their success?","correctAnswerText":"psychological warfare","incorrectText1":"nomadic lifestyle","incorrectText2":"superior horsemanship","incorrectText3":"religious conversion"}, {"itemType":"LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y","questionText":"What was one cause of the Protestant Reformation?","correctAnswerText":"corruption among high officials of the Catholic Church","incorrectText1":"revolt by the Moors in Spain","incorrectText2":"passage of the Act of Supremacy in England","incorrectText3":"call for the Council of Trent by Pope Paul III"}, {"itemType":"WA72MFJ0LXADZMV","questionText":"During the Ming dynasty, why did China stop investing in overseas naval expeditions?","correctAnswerText":"Chinese leaders saw little value in exploration.","incorrectText1":"Many foreigners were imitating Chinese culture.","incorrectText2":"People disagreed with Confucius�s demand for more territory.","incorrectText3":"Chinese merchants were threatened by foreign competition."}, {"itemType":"F4PB21EHTG20GMV","questionText":"The struggles for political independence in Latin America during the early 1800s were most directly influenced by the","correctAnswerText":"American and French Revolutions","incorrectText1":"Berlin Conference","incorrectText2":"doctrine of liberation theology","incorrectText3":"writings of Count Camillo di Cavour"}, {"itemType":"RQFKPE3OR6A25JD","questionText":"Which African group centralized its rule and adopted new military techniques that challenged the power of the British and the Boers in South Africa?","correctAnswerText":"Zulu","incorrectText1":"Ibo","incorrectText2":"Ashanti","incorrectText3":"Masai"}, {"itemType":"I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ","questionText":"Which action did Japanese leaders take directly following the visit of Commodore Perry in 1853?","correctAnswerText":"They opened more ports to trade.","incorrectText1":"They attacked the British navy.","incorrectText2":"They increased the power of the shogun.","incorrectText3":"They allowed the importation of opium into Japan."}, {"itemType":"6KQZN538LCU7K9W","questionText":"Which event in Indian history could be considered a result of the other three?","correctAnswerText":"passage of the Independence Act","incorrectText1":"Salt March","incorrectText2":"Amritsar Massacre","incorrectText3":"Sepoy Rebellion"}, {"itemType":"XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG","questionText":"The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the immediate cause of","correctAnswerText":"World War I","incorrectText1":"the Franco-Prussian War","incorrectText2":"the Russo-Japanese War","incorrectText3":"World War II"}, {"itemType":"LFNB87QHK1KPSO1","questionText":". . . A river of people is flowing down the boulevard. Some are very religious, with the men separate from the women, and the women covered in chadors [robes]. Some are not. Two young men in jeans carry a large poster of Khomeini, with his black turban and black eyebrows standing out against the white background. A middle-aged woman with big dark glasses walks by, one fist in the air, the other holding a cigarette. A group of college students link arms and shout �Marg bar Shah!��Death to the Shah!�and they have the same sort of glad expression that the shoe salesman had on the day he asked Mama if she was American. But these people also have another look�a kind of exhilarated [overjoyed] astonishment, as if they can�t believe no one is stopping them. . . . � Tara Bahrampour.     Which revolution is being described in this passage?","correctAnswerText":"Iranian","incorrectText1":"Mexican","incorrectText2":"Chinese","incorrectText3":"Nicaraguan"}, {"itemType":"YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1","questionText":". . . A river of people is flowing down the boulevard. Some are very religious, with the men separate from the women, and the women covered in chadors [robes]. Some are not. Two young men in jeans carry a large poster of Khomeini, with his black turban and black eyebrows standing out against the white background. A middle-aged woman with big dark glasses walks by, one fist in the air, the other holding a cigarette. A group of college students link arms and shout �Marg bar Shah!��Death to the Shah!�and they have the same sort of glad expression that the shoe salesman had on the day he asked Mama if she was American. But these people also have another look�a kind of exhilarated [overjoyed] astonishment, as if they can�t believe no one is stopping them. . . . � Tara Bahrampour.     Based on this passage, the protestors were surprised because they had expected the government to","correctAnswerText":"repress dissent","incorrectText1":"favor change","incorrectText2":"accept criticism","incorrectText3":"go into exile"}, {"itemType":"34BUUBUS07QUA6M","questionText":"The goal of Mikhail Gorbachev�s policies of perestroika and glasnost was to","correctAnswerText":"stimulate economic growth and political discussion","incorrectText1":"expand collectivization and communes","incorrectText2":"resume development of Soviet nuclear weapons","incorrectText3":"stop expansion of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) into Eastern Europe"}, {"itemType":"NORRDWZROR868GG","questionText":"Which Cold War event occurred last?","correctAnswerText":"fall of the Berlin Wall","incorrectText1":"Cuban missile crisis","incorrectText2":"Korean War","incorrectText3":"Soviet invasion of Afghanistan"}, {"itemType":"20E6K97FCPOIUK3","questionText":"� Justinian issues a new code of laws. � Greek culture is preserved. � A split develops in Christianity between the Roman Catholics and Orthodox Christians.   Which empire is most closely associated with these statements?","correctAnswerText":"Byzantine","incorrectText1":"Mughal","incorrectText2":"Persian","incorrectText3":"British"}, {"itemType":"B7PFLDEF4F7G29R","questionText":"One way in which the ancient Inca Empire and the Roman Empire are similar is that both","correctAnswerText":"built a system of roadways throughout their empires","incorrectText1":"fought rivals for control of the sea","incorrectText2":"adopted Christianity as the state religion","incorrectText3":"traded with other civilizations along the Silk Road"}, {"itemType":"5MH112LCJ8OZFJM","questionText":"What was one similarity between France during the 1790s and Germany during the 1920s?","correctAnswerText":"Severe inflation contributed to the rise of radical political groups.","incorrectText1":"Scientific developments improved the standard of living.","incorrectText2":"Widespread intolerance of the Huguenots led to human rights abuses.","incorrectText3":"Military successes eliminated tensions with neighboring countries."}, {"itemType":"QSACQ30L9JIL10F","questionText":"�Hungry Workers in Petrograd Demand Food� � �Peace, Land, and Bread� Promised to All� �World War I Soldiers Join the People�s Rebellion�.  Which event is associated with these headlines?","correctAnswerText":"Russian Revolution","incorrectText1":"Tiananmen Square protests","incorrectText2":"Soweto uprisings","incorrectText3":"Cuban Revolution"}, {"itemType":"9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ","questionText":"� Pamphlet on the philosophy of Zionism � Balfour Declaration � Oslo Accords These documents are most closely associated with the controversy over","correctAnswerText":"control of land in the Middle East by Palestinians and Jews","incorrectText1":"efforts by the United Nations to restrict child slavery and indentured servitude","incorrectText2":"production of oil by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)","incorrectText3":"trade agreements established by the World Trade Organization (WTO)"}, {"itemType":"CRTDFM43DP4R453","questionText":"Which description accurately identifies Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle?","correctAnswerText":"philosophers of ancient Greece","incorrectText1":"rulers of the Roman Republic","incorrectText2":"artists of the Italian Renaissance","incorrectText3":"religious leaders of the Protestant Reformation"}, {"itemType":"FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR","questionText":"In China, the development of civil service examinations and a belief in filial piety reflect the influence of","correctAnswerText":"Confucianism","incorrectText1":"Shinto","incorrectText2":"Jainism","incorrectText3":"Buddhism"}, {"itemType":"IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0","questionText":"One way in which the African kingdoms of Ghana and Mali are similar is that they","correctAnswerText":"established their wealth through trade","incorrectText1":"improved their military strength with the use of gunpowder","incorrectText2":"opened trade routes to the Americas","incorrectText3":"adopted Christianity as their major religion"}, {"itemType":"6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP","questionText":"� Classical Greco-Roman ideas were revived. � Wealthy patrons supported the arts and education. � Humanism spread throughout western Europe. Which period in European history is most closely associated with these statements?","correctAnswerText":"Renaissance","incorrectText1":"Early Middle Ages","incorrectText2":"Industrial Revolution","incorrectText3":"Hellenistic Period"}, {"itemType":"5WFRV6D1AF857M2","questionText":"One similarity between Martin Luther and Henry VIII is that they","correctAnswerText":"challenged the teachings of the Catholic Church","incorrectText1":"argued against the establishment of a theocratic state","incorrectText2":"protested against the ideas of the Enlightenment","incorrectText3":"died during the Reign of Terror"}, {"itemType":"ICALETH1G91HXTE","questionText":"� Literacy rates rise. � Shakespeare�s sonnets circulated. � Secular ideas spread. Which innovation led directly to these developments?","correctAnswerText":"printing press","incorrectText1":"paper currency","incorrectText2":"astrolabe","incorrectText3":"caravel"}, {"itemType":"6HN4D643RTBD5SO","questionText":"What was one reason the Spanish conquistadors were able to conquer the Aztec Empire?","correctAnswerText":"The Spanish soldiers made effective use of their military technology against the Aztecs.","incorrectText1":"Aztec religious beliefs promoted nonviolence.","incorrectText2":"Spain joined the Incas in their fight againstthe Aztecs.","incorrectText3":"The Spanish cavalry outnumbered the Aztec warriors."}, {"itemType":"5KYWZNHEGDGC56G","questionText":"Which statement describes an impact of the Columbian exchange on the lives of Europeans?","correctAnswerText":"The combination of new products and ideas promoted economic growth.","incorrectText1":"Native Americans immigrated to Europe and competed with Europeans for jobs.","incorrectText2":"Millions of Europeans were killed by new American diseases.","incorrectText3":"Introduction of the Native American religions resulted in the decline of the Roman Catholic Church."}]},
{
"itemId": "6DC1DB466C23B17FAF065DB",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "world history set 4",
"navBarTitleText": "world history set 4",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{"itemType":"FU9DRRDLASG0B18","questionText":"One political objective of both Otto von Bismarck and Giuseppe Garibaldi was to","correctAnswerText":"unify their nations","incorrectText1":"overthrow divine right monarchies","incorrectText2":"establish communist systems","incorrectText3":"form an alliance with Great Britain"}, {"itemType":"29V66H94IK4K1K5","questionText":"Commodore Matthew Perry�s visits to Japan in 1853 and 1854 resulted in the","correctAnswerText":"opening of trade and diplomatic relations with Japan","incorrectText1":"colonization of Japan by the United States","incorrectText2":"transfer of spheres of influence to China","incorrectText3":"introduction of Christianity to Japanese society"}, {"itemType":"MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0","questionText":"The term militarism can best be defined as","correctAnswerText":"buildup of armaments in preparation for war","incorrectText1":"loyalty to a nation or ethnic group","incorrectText2":"avoidance of military involvement in civil wars","incorrectText3":"control of territories for economic and political gain"}, {"itemType":"MMPPPQTR96W85B9","questionText":". . . His Majesty�s Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country. . . .. This 1917 passage is taken from a document known as the","correctAnswerText":"Balfour Declaration","incorrectText1":"Truman Doctrine","incorrectText2":"Marshall Plan","incorrectText3":"Fourteen Points"}, {"itemType":"V1LX77TKH98RRK5","questionText":"Which slogan is associated with the Bolshevik (Russian) Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"�Peace, Land, and Bread�","incorrectText1":"�An Eye for an Eye�","incorrectText2":"�Liberty, Equality, Fraternity�","incorrectText3":"�Take up the White Man�s Burden�"}, {"itemType":"9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL","questionText":"Mohandas Gandhi is most closely associated with the","correctAnswerText":"use of civil disobedience to gain political freedom","incorrectText1":"support of violence and terrorism to end British rule","incorrectText2":"desire to strengthen the caste system","incorrectText3":"establishment of a national religion in India"}, {"itemType":"W8NPG9KNA7FY64R","questionText":"�. . . Seventy thousand people were killed instantly, and many more would die � 60,000 by November and another 70,000 by 1950. Most of them would be victims of a new method of killing � radiation. . . .� � Ronald Takai. The situation described in this passage was the direct result of which World War II event?","correctAnswerText":"bombing of Hiroshima","incorrectText1":"blitz of London","incorrectText2":"attack on Pearl Harbor","incorrectText3":"D-Day invasion of Normandy"}, {"itemType":"W51PW4MEE1QROQ1","questionText":"What was a major reason for the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949?","correctAnswerText":"to resist Soviet aggression","incorrectText1":"to control European trade","incorrectText2":"to support the blockade of Berlin","incorrectText3":"to strengthen communist governments"}, {"itemType":"5XGL523ABIUTY7R","questionText":"The histories of Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, and Finland have been greatly affected by their","correctAnswerText":"proximity to Russia","incorrectText1":"abundant oil reserves","incorrectText2":"aggressive foreign policies","incorrectText3":"alliances with Israel"}, {"itemType":"4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT","questionText":"In 1989, the government of China responded to the challenge of protests in Tiananmen Square by","correctAnswerText":"sending in tanks and troops to end the demonstrations","incorrectText1":"halting trade with the West","incorrectText2":"allowing democratic elections","incorrectText3":"calling for a special session of the United Nations Security Council"}, {"itemType":"WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4","questionText":"Which statement is a fact rather than an opinion?","correctAnswerText":"The European Union (EU) has issued a common currency called the euro.","incorrectText1":"The growing economy of Brazil threatens the economic power of the United States.","incorrectText2":"Free trade will lower the standard of living for workers in developed nations.","incorrectText3":"Developing nations will never be able to compete with developed nations."}, {"itemType":"Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF","questionText":"A study of the fall of the Roman Empire (476) and of the collapse of the Soviet Union (1991) shows that powerful empires can","correctAnswerText":"be weakened by both internal and external pressures","incorrectText1":"lose strength when mercenaries enforce reforms","incorrectText2":"be threatened only when directly attacked by outsiders","incorrectText3":"conquer more than one continent and remain stable"}, {"itemType":"3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5","questionText":"Which sequence of Russian events is in the correct chronological order? A. Catherine the Great westernizes Russia. B. Ivan III defeats the Mongols. C. Khrushchev places missiles in Cuba. D. Czar Nicholas II abdicates the throne.","correctAnswerText":"B ? A ? D ? C","incorrectText1":"A ? B ? C ? D","incorrectText2":"B ? C ? A ? D","incorrectText3":"D ? A ? C ? B"}, {"itemType":"XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4","questionText":"Which ancient civilization is associated with the Twelve Tables, an extensive road system, and the poets Horace and Virgil?","correctAnswerText":"Roman","incorrectText1":"Babylonian","incorrectText2":"Phoenician","incorrectText3":"Greek"}, {"itemType":"6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4","questionText":"The term feudalism is best defined as a","correctAnswerText":"system in which land is exchanged for military service and loyalty","incorrectText1":"holy war between Christians and Muslims","incorrectText2":"process in which goods are traded for other goods","incorrectText3":"division of political power between three separate branches"}, {"itemType":"C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC","questionText":"Which period in European history is most closely associated with Leonardo da Vinci, Michaelangelo, William Shakespeare, and Nicolaus Copernicus?","correctAnswerText":"Renaissance","incorrectText1":"Early Middle Ages","incorrectText2":"Age of Absolutism","incorrectText3":"Enlightenment"}, {"itemType":"8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS","questionText":"Which situation is considered a cause of the other three?","correctAnswerText":"Martin Luther posts the Ninety-five Theses.","incorrectText1":"Religious unity declines throughout Europe.","incorrectText2":"The Catholic Counter-Reformation begins.","incorrectText3":"The power of the Roman Catholic Church decreases."}, {"itemType":"IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ","questionText":"It would be wrong to call the Ottoman Empire a purely Islamic state. It was not. It was a state that claimed some kind of an attachment, some kind of allegiance to Islam, but combined it with other forms of heritage from the Byzantine tradition or from the Turkic tradition that did not really correspond to Islam. So they always had this very, very pragmatic approach to Islam. � Professor Edhem Eldem, Bogazici University, NPR News, All Things Considered, August 18, 2004.       This author is suggesting that during the Ottoman Empire","correctAnswerText":"religion was mingled with historic traditions","incorrectText1":"most people belonged to minority religions","incorrectText2":"rulers tried to separate politics from religion","incorrectText3":"rulers operated under a strict set of laws"}, {"itemType":"9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF","questionText":"� Foreign rulers were overthrown. � Admiral Zheng He established trade links. � Civil service exams were reinstated. These events in history occurred during the rule of the","correctAnswerText":"Ming dynasty in China","incorrectText1":"Mughal dynasty in India","incorrectText2":"Abbasid dynasty in the Middle East","incorrectText3":"Tokugawa shogunate in Japan"}, {"itemType":"HARJ6XE78XNCXSA","questionText":"One major effect of Napoleon�s rule of France was that it led to","correctAnswerText":"a restoration of political stability","incorrectText1":"an increase in the power of the Roman Catholic Church","incorrectText2":"massive emigration to the Americas","incorrectText3":"trade agreements with Great Britain"}, {"itemType":"8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A","questionText":"A major goal of both the Sepoy Mutiny in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China was to","correctAnswerText":"rid their countries of foreigners","incorrectText1":"expand their respective territories","incorrectText2":"receive international military support","incorrectText3":"restore an absolute monarch to the throne"}, {"itemType":"6RC5YZ1KHUU0465","questionText":"One goal of the League of Nations was to","correctAnswerText":"promote peaceful relations worldwide","incorrectText1":"stimulate the economy of Europe","incorrectText2":"bring World War I to an end","incorrectText3":"encourage a strong alliance system"}, {"itemType":"BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM","questionText":"� Five-year plans � Collectivization of agriculture � Great Purge. Which individual is associated with all these policies?","correctAnswerText":"Joseph Stalin","incorrectText1":"Adolf Hitler","incorrectText2":"Deng Xiaoping","incorrectText3":"Jawaharlal Nehru"}, {"itemType":"HSF4BRDGX2SXB69","questionText":"Which group was accused of violating human rights in the city of Nanjing during World War II?","correctAnswerText":"Japanese","incorrectText1":"Americans","incorrectText2":"Chinese","incorrectText3":"Germans"}, {"itemType":"9TINW08CRITM2N9","questionText":"One way in which the Hitler Youth of Germany and the Red Guard of China are similar is that both organizations","correctAnswerText":"required unquestioning loyalty to the leader","incorrectText1":"helped increase religious tolerance","incorrectText2":"hindered imperialistic goals","incorrectText3":"led pro-democracy movements"}, {"itemType":"IR07J676OISB4HU","questionText":"� French intent to recolonize Indo-China after World War II � United States desire to prevent the spread of communism � United States support for the French in Southeast AsiaThese ideas are most closely . associated with the","correctAnswerText":"causes of the conflict in Vietnam","incorrectText1":"reasons for the Nationalist settlement of Taiwan","incorrectText2":"factors that led to the Korean War","incorrectText3":"results of the Marshall Plan"}, {"itemType":"DVK5QLN0B25CP5N","questionText":". . . (1) Internally, arouse the masses of the people. That is, unite the working class, the peasantry, the urban petty bourgeoisie and the national bourgeoisie, form a domestic united front under the leadership of the working class, and advance from this to the establishment of a state which is a people�s democratic dictatorship under the leadership of the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants. (2) Externally, unite in a common struggle with those nations of the world which treat us as equals and unite with the peoples of all countries. That is, ally ourselves with the Soviet Union, with the People�s Democracies and with the proletariat and the broad masses of the people in all other countries, and form an international united front. . . . Source: Mao Tse-Tung [Mao Zedong], Selected Works, Volume Five, 1945�1949, New York International Publishers.    In This passage, Mao Zedong is using the ideas of","correctAnswerText":"Karl Marx","incorrectText1":"Thomas Malthus","incorrectText2":"Adam Smith","incorrectText3":"Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-Shek)"}, {"itemType":"V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY","questionText":"In the 20th century, urbanization affected the developing nations of Africa, Asia, and Latin America by","correctAnswerText":"weakening traditional values","incorrectText1":"reducing literacy rates","incorrectText2":"strengthening caste systems","incorrectText3":"increasing the isolation of women"}, {"itemType":"KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I","questionText":"In August 1990, Iraq invaded Kuwait. The United Nations response led to the Persian Gulf War of 1991. This response is an example of","correctAnswerText":"collective security","incorrectText1":"d�tente","incorrectText2":"totalitarianism","incorrectText3":"empire building"}, {"itemType":"3S3OX0N305A2N1R","questionText":"One way in which Jos� de San Mart�n, Camillo Cavour, and Jomo Kenyatta are similar is that each leader","correctAnswerText":"led nationalist movements","incorrectText1":"made significant scientific discoveries","incorrectText2":"fought against British imperialism","incorrectText3":"became a communist revolutionary"}, {"itemType":"OVVV5FJUTV71M45","questionText":"Which set of events in 19th- and 20th-century Chinese history is in the correct chronological order?","correctAnswerText":"Opium Wars ? Long March ? Great Leap Forward ? Four Modernizations","incorrectText1":"Great Leap Forward ? Opium Wars ? Long March ? Four Modernizations","incorrectText2":"Four Modernizations ? Long March ? Opium Wars ? Great Leap Forward","incorrectText3":"Long March ? Four Modernizations ? Great Leap Forward ? Opium Wars"}, {"itemType":"YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP","questionText":"A study of Spain during the late 1400s, the Balkan States during the early 1900s, Rwanda during the 1990s, and Central Asia today shows that","correctAnswerText":"ethnic conflicts have been a recurring issue in history","incorrectText1":"civil disobedience is an effective way to bring about change","incorrectText2":"people have been encouraged to question tradition","incorrectText3":"colonial rule has a lasting legacy "}, {"itemType":"9ATK959C2RJDRXK","questionText":"Ethnocentrism is best defined as","correctAnswerText":"the belief that one�s culture is superior to all others","incorrectText1":"military preparation for a civil war","incorrectText2":"love and devotion to one�s country","incorrectText3":"a belief in one god"}, {"itemType":"I515USMBMX2R1D3","questionText":"The Neolithic Revolution is considered a turning point in history because it","correctAnswerText":"included the domestication of plants and animals","incorrectText1":"influenced climatic changes","incorrectText2":"encouraged a nomadic lifestyle","incorrectText3":"caused a decline in population"}, {"itemType":"9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI","questionText":"Which action is most closely associated with polytheism?","correctAnswerText":"worshipping many gods","incorrectText1":"praying in a synagogue","incorrectText2":"accepting the Eightfold Path","incorrectText3":"reading the Koran"}, {"itemType":"EPCP98OYHVDOU4A","questionText":"In western Europe, feudalism developed after the","correctAnswerText":"Roman Empire collapsed","incorrectText1":"Renaissance began","incorrectText2":"city of Constantinople fell","incorrectText3":"Mongols invaded"}, {"itemType":"KICKKXSXUCGKDYT","questionText":". . . For many in the contemporary Arab world, the Crusades are viewed as having begun nearly a millennium of conflict with what would become the West. The Crusades are seen as representing the constant threat of Western encroachment [trespassing]. But many scholars say that is a more recent and inaccurate view of the Crusades. . . . � Mike Shuster, reporter, NPR The Medieval Crusades were taken and then turned into something that they never really were in the first place. They were turned into a kind of a proto-imperialism, an attempt to bring the fruits of European civilization to the Middle East, when, in fact, during the Middle Ages the great sophisticated and wealthy power was the Muslim world. Europe was the Third World. . . . � Thomas Madden, St. Louis University, History of relations between the West and Middle East, NPR, All Things Considered, August 17, 2004.   These statements indicate that the history of the Crusades","correctAnswerText":"is the subject of debate and interpretation","incorrectText1":"has been neglected by experts","incorrectText2":"was of little importance","incorrectText3":"illustrates the importance of tolerance and understanding"}, {"itemType":"HQSUDLM4W56G5G3","questionText":"� Sir Francis Drake circumnavigated the globe. � England defeated the Spanish Armada. � William Shakespeare wrote his play Richard III. These events occurred during the reign of","correctAnswerText":"Elizabeth I","incorrectText1":"Charlemagne","incorrectText2":"Peter the Great","incorrectText3":"Suleiman the Magnificent"}, {"itemType":"M6L7YCS6YVBNI48","questionText":"The encomienda system in colonial Latin America led to the","correctAnswerText":"use of forced labor","incorrectText1":"establishment of trade unions","incorrectText2":"increase in landownership by Native Americans","incorrectText3":"weakening of the power of peninsulares "}, {"itemType":"TBIDXY8QT09WZDG","questionText":". . . The need of a constantly expanding market for its products chases the bourgeoisie over the whole surface of the globe. It must nestle everywhere, settle everywhere, establish connections everywhere. . . . � Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.    Which historical event do Marx and Engels believe created the situation described in This passage?","correctAnswerText":"Industrial Revolution","incorrectText1":"Cold War","incorrectText2":"World War I","incorrectText3":"Russian Revolution"}, {"itemType":"QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD","questionText":"What was a principal reason for the success of European colonialism in Asia in the late 1800s?","correctAnswerText":"Europe was able to dominate military and commercial relations with Asia.","incorrectText1":"Asians respected Europeans as representatives of an advanced civilization.","incorrectText2":"Europeans respected Asian laws and customs.","incorrectText3":"Many Asians adopted European religious practices."}, {"itemType":"IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU","questionText":"Which action in Japanese history occurred during the Meiji Restoration?","correctAnswerText":"Japan modernized its economy.","incorrectText1":"Mongols invaded the islands of Japan.","incorrectText2":"The Japanese government adopted an isolationist policy.","incorrectText3":"Buddhism became the official religion of Japan."}, {"itemType":"9150158FNA5XOVV","questionText":"Nicholas II Telegram to Wilhelm II July 29, 1914, 1:00 A.M. Am glad you are back. In this most serious moment, I appeal to you to help me. An ignoble [despised] war has been declared upon a weak country [Serbia]. The indignation [resentment] in Russia, shared fully by me, is enormous. I foresee that very soon I shall be overwhelmed by the pressure upon me, and be forced to take extreme measures which will lead to war. To try and avoid such a calamity [disaster] as a European war, I beg you in the name of our old friendship to do what you can to stop your allies from going too far. � Nicky.     Which conclusion is best supported by This telegram?","correctAnswerText":"Nicholas II hoped diplomacy would prevent war.","incorrectText1":"Russia started to mobilize for war against Serbia.","incorrectText2":"Nicholas II condemned the efforts of Wilhelm II.","incorrectText3":"Russia supported the use of extreme measures."}, {"itemType":"OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0","questionText":"Nicholas II Telegram to Wilhelm II July 29, 1914, 1:00 A.M. Am glad you are back. In this most serious moment, I appeal to you to help me. An ignoble [despised] war has been declared upon a weak country [Serbia]. The indignation [resentment] in Russia, shared fully by me, is enormous. I foresee that very soon I shall be overwhelmed by the pressure upon me, and be forced to take extreme measures which will lead to war. To try and avoid such a calamity [disaster] as a European war, I beg you in the name of our old friendship to do what you can to stop your allies from going too far. � Nicky.     Which war is most closely associated with the telegram Nicholas II sent to Wilhelm II?","correctAnswerText":"World War I","incorrectText1":"the Franco-Prussian War","incorrectText2":"the Russo-Japanese War","incorrectText3":"World War II"}, {"itemType":"UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U","questionText":"Mohandas Gandhi�s protests in India were a response to Great Britain�s","correctAnswerText":"policy of colonialism","incorrectText1":"support of Zionism","incorrectText2":"practice of humanitarianism","incorrectText3":"introduction of socialism"}, {"itemType":"VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP","questionText":"What has the end of communism in the Soviet Union caused many countries in Eastern Europe to do?","correctAnswerText":"pursue free-market economic policies","incorrectText1":"shift to a command economy","incorrectText2":"maintain a communist form of government","incorrectText3":"join the Warsaw Pact"}, {"itemType":"8UKFL9QB8570RXP","questionText":"Which type of warfare did Mao Zedong, Fidel Castro, and Ho Chi Minh all engage in as leaders of revolutionary movements in their respective nations?","correctAnswerText":"guerilla","incorrectText1":"trench","incorrectText2":"unrestricted submarine","incorrectText3":"biological"}, {"itemType":"FX96LMXJUNBPTWL","questionText":"Which statement about the Balkan Peninsula since 1995 is most accurate?","correctAnswerText":"Ethnic tensions and conflict continue to be a problem in much of the region.","incorrectText1":"Slobodan Milosevic of Serbia became the first democratically elected leader of the region.","incorrectText2":"The Balkan Peninsula has become one of the most prosperous regions in Europe.","incorrectText3":"Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia are now both controlled by Yugoslavia."}, {"itemType":"4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW","questionText":"A goal of both the Boxer Rebellion in China and the Mau Mau movement in Kenya was to","correctAnswerText":"end foreign control","incorrectText1":"promote laissez-faire capitalism","incorrectText2":"develop modern industries","incorrectText3":"create a totalitarian state"}, {"itemType":"FTV4F5OFSF293XL","questionText":"�Therefore those preachers of indulgences are in error, who say that by the pope�s indulgences a man is freed from every penalty, and saved;� Which period in European history is most closely associated with this statement?","correctAnswerText":"Protestant Reformation","incorrectText1":"Roman Empire","incorrectText2":"Crusades","incorrectText3":"Enlightenment"}, {"itemType":"HI4X8VLDXB6CU97","questionText":"�Therefore those preachers of indulgences are in error, who say that by the pope�s indulgences a man is freed from every penalty, and saved;� This statement reflects a controversy over the proper","correctAnswerText":"means of salvation","incorrectText1":"roles of women","incorrectText2":"types of education","incorrectText3":"forms of prayer"}, {"itemType":"38CTTRF38X7325C","questionText":"Sim�n Bol�var, Jos� de San Martin, and Toussaint l�Ouverture are best known as","correctAnswerText":"leaders of Latin American independence movements","incorrectText1":"scientists who supported the heliocentric theory","incorrectText2":"early Spanish explorers of the New World","incorrectText3":"communist leaders of the 19th century"}, {"itemType":"BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9","questionText":"A. Kemal At�turk rises to power in Turkey. B. Pericles rules during the Golden Age of Athens. C. Ayatollah Khomeini seizes power in Iran. D. Robespierre comes to power during the French Revolution..    What is the correct sequence of these events?","correctAnswerText":"B ? D ? A ? C","incorrectText1":"C ? B ? A ? D","incorrectText2":"A ? C ? B ? D","incorrectText3":"B ? C ? D ? A"}, {"itemType":"9UYVCNJEO4SL600","questionText":"One similarity between the ancient civilizations in Egypt and in China is that they developed","correctAnswerText":"written forms of communication","incorrectText1":"nomadic lifestyles","incorrectText2":"monotheistic belief systems","incorrectText3":"democratic governments"}, {"itemType":"SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ","questionText":"What is considered one of the Byzantine Empire�s greatest contributions to western European society?","correctAnswerText":"preserving Greek and Roman culture","incorrectText1":"spreading Hinduism throughout the region","incorrectText2":"supporting the Catholic Church","incorrectText3":"defeating the Mongols at Kiev"}, {"itemType":"FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP","questionText":"Which circumstance best describes a long-term result of the Crusades?","correctAnswerText":"Cultural exchanges between the Middle East and Europe grew.","incorrectText1":"Muslim control of Jerusalem ended.","incorrectText2":"Feudalism began in western Europe.","incorrectText3":"Christians and Muslims achieved a lasting peace."}, {"itemType":"YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3","questionText":". . . He who, being of weak faculties [abilities], develops the wisdom of the first path with a dull insight is reborn seven times at most; after seven rebirths in states of bliss he will make an end of misery: he who develops it with medium faculties and insight is a roamer; after two or three rebirths he will make an end of misery: he who develops it with keen faculties and insight takes root but once, only one human birth will he pass through and make an end of misery. . . . � Charles W. Eliot, ed., Sacred Writings, Vol II, P.F. Collier & Son, 1910.   Which belief system is described in This passage?","correctAnswerText":"Buddhism","incorrectText1":"Islam","incorrectText2":"Christianity","incorrectText3":"Confucianism"}, {"itemType":"MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI","questionText":"Which statement best expresses an idea held by many Renaissance humanist philosophers?","correctAnswerText":"People should study worldly subjects as well as sacred matters.","incorrectText1":"Governments should establish overseas empires.","incorrectText2":"Individuals should withdraw from the world and study religion.","incorrectText3":"Scholars should dedicate themselves to the study of life after death."}, {"itemType":"A9BBHEWS99VQPQG","questionText":"Which document limited the power of the English monarchy during the Middle Ages?","correctAnswerText":"Magna Carta","incorrectText1":"Justinian Code","incorrectText2":"Twelve Tables","incorrectText3":"Rig Veda"}, {"itemType":"HWHPLOAQRN459YD","questionText":"� Martin Luther stresses the central role of faith. � The belief of predestination spreads throughout Switzerland. � The Council of Trent clarifies the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church. These statements describe ideas and events that","correctAnswerText":"shaped the Reformation and the Counter Reformation","incorrectText1":"brought religious unity to Europe","incorrectText2":"ended the Glorious Revolution","incorrectText3":"expanded the importance of the Orthodox Church"}, {"itemType":"ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH","questionText":"Which nation had the most influence on the colonization of Latin America in the 1500s?","correctAnswerText":"Spain","incorrectText1":"England","incorrectText2":"France","incorrectText3":"Netherlands"}, {"itemType":"PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3","questionText":"Porfirio D�az, Francisco �Pancho� Villa, and Emiliano Zapata are all associated with the revolution in","correctAnswerText":"Mexico","incorrectText1":"Haiti","incorrectText2":"Bolivia","incorrectText3":"Nicaragua"}, {"itemType":"M32KSEKMXP9VM9H","questionText":"One effect of industrialization on Meiji Japan was that it","correctAnswerText":"modernized transportation","incorrectText1":"strengthened the power of the Shogunate","incorrectText2":"decreased the level of pollution","incorrectText3":"increased the number of small farms"}, {"itemType":"9NK0N52O2K7MILW","questionText":"What was a major cause of World War I?","correctAnswerText":"militarism in the nations of Europe","incorrectText1":"rebellions in colonial lands in Africa and Asia","incorrectText2":"expansion of communism into western Europe","incorrectText3":"inability of the League of Nations to keep the peace"}, {"itemType":"ACVORE5RIFGXI9T","questionText":"The policy of appeasement helped cause World War II because this policy","correctAnswerText":"allowed the aggressive actions of Germany to go unchecked","incorrectText1":"reduced the armaments of major European powers","incorrectText2":"gave too much power to the United Nations","incorrectText3":"increased sea trade between England and the United States"}, {"itemType":"W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG","questionText":"One reason for the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961 was to","correctAnswerText":"keep East Germans from fleeing to the Western sector of Berlin","incorrectText1":"promote reunification of East Germany and West Germany","incorrectText2":"complete the post�World War II rebuilding of Berlin","incorrectText3":"meet the requirements of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)"}, {"itemType":"0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ","questionText":"One reason Mikhail Gorbachev implemented the policies of glasnost and perestroika in the Soviet Union was to","correctAnswerText":"encourage political discussion and economic reform","incorrectText1":"eliminate freedom of speech and press","incorrectText2":"destroy the power of the opposition party","incorrectText3":"dominate the governments of Eastern Europe"}, {"itemType":"LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z","questionText":"��We Blew It�: Nike Admits to Mistakes Over Child Labor� �UN Envoy Makes Plea for War on Global Poverty� �International Literacy Decade Targets Women�. Which concern do these 21st-century headlines address?","correctAnswerText":"social and economic issues","incorrectText1":"higher education issues","incorrectText2":"cultural literacy","incorrectText3":"individual responsibility"}, {"itemType":"6J6SIRWPNI6IONR","questionText":"Which problem faces many of the least developed nations today?","correctAnswerText":"High rates of illiteracy are limiting economic development.","incorrectText1":"Too many varieties of crops are being grown.","incorrectText2":"An excess of investment capital is available.","incorrectText3":"A high-calorie diet is causing obesity."}, {"itemType":"JOJC5JND6O7R6NH","questionText":"Which factor best characterizes the art of both ancient Greece and the Renaissance?","correctAnswerText":"emphasis on the human form","incorrectText1":"focus on biblical themes","incorrectText2":"dominance of landscape paintings","incorrectText3":"influence of the West African tradition"}, {"itemType":"TX38PQXUNZK77UN","questionText":"What was a direct result of the Opium War in 19th-century China?","correctAnswerText":"Chinese ports were opened for trade with European powers.","incorrectText1":"Japan gained control of Hong Kong.","incorrectText2":"Kublai Khan rose to power in China.","incorrectText3":"Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) fled to Taiwan."}, {"itemType":"IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW","questionText":"One way in which Peter the Great and Atat�rk (Mustafa Kemal) are similar is that they sought to","correctAnswerText":"adopt western-style reforms","incorrectText1":"limit the role of women in society","incorrectText2":"gain a warm-water port","incorrectText3":"return to traditional values"}, {"itemType":"B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68","questionText":"The caste system in India was characterized by","correctAnswerText":"a lack of social mobility","incorrectText1":"toleration for various religious beliefs","incorrectText2":"equality between men and women","incorrectText3":"the right of people to choose their occupations"}, {"itemType":"Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV","questionText":"Which belief is most closely associated with the philosophy of Confucianism?","correctAnswerText":"filial piety","incorrectText1":"nirvana","incorrectText2":"prayer","incorrectText3":"reincarnation"}, {"itemType":"0WK63DOOS2FXIQR","questionText":"What was one result of large armies traveling great distances during the Crusades?","correctAnswerText":"Cultural diffusion increased.","incorrectText1":"Europe�s population severely declined.","incorrectText2":"Democracy in the Middle East grew.","incorrectText3":"Slavery was eliminated."}, {"itemType":"LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y","questionText":"The terms Bushido, samurai, and daimyo are most closely associated with which group in Japanese history?","correctAnswerText":"warriors","incorrectText1":"emperors","incorrectText2":"peasants","incorrectText3":"merchants"}, {"itemType":"WA72MFJ0LXADZMV","questionText":"In 1453, the Ottoman Empire rose to power by defeating the","correctAnswerText":"Byzantine Empire","incorrectText1":"Holy Roman Empire","incorrectText2":"European crusaders","incorrectText3":"Mongol invaders"}, {"itemType":"F4PB21EHTG20GMV","questionText":"� Pope Leo authorizes the sale of indulgences, 1515 � Martin Luther posts the Ninety-five Theses, 1517. These events are most closely associated with the","correctAnswerText":"Protestant Reformation","incorrectText1":"Crusades","incorrectText2":"Age of Reason","incorrectText3":"Puritan Revolution"}, {"itemType":"RQFKPE3OR6A25JD","questionText":"A study of the revolutions in Latin America in the 19th century would show that","correctAnswerText":"events in North America and Europe influenced Latin Americans","incorrectText1":"religion was a major cause of the conflicts","incorrectText2":"Spanish-born peninsulares led most of the Latin American uprisings","incorrectText3":"nationalism had little influence on the outcome"}, {"itemType":"I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ","questionText":"Which individual is associated with the phrase blood and iron as related to the unification of Germany?","correctAnswerText":"Otto von Bismarck","incorrectText1":"Giuseppe Garibaldi","incorrectText2":"Kaiser Wilhelm II","incorrectText3":"Count Camillo di Cavour"}, {"itemType":"6KQZN538LCU7K9W","questionText":"One similarity between the Sepoy Mutiny and the Boxer Rebellion is that they","correctAnswerText":"opposed European imperialism","incorrectText1":"ended an established dynasty","incorrectText2":"resulted in the redistribution of land","incorrectText3":"instituted communist governments"}, {"itemType":"XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG","questionText":"What was a direct result of World War I?","correctAnswerText":"Germany lost its colonies in Africa and Asia.","incorrectText1":"Nicholas II was named czar of Russia.","incorrectText2":"Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by a terrorist.","incorrectText3":"The Ottoman Empire expanded."}, {"itemType":"LFNB87QHK1KPSO1","questionText":"�Mussolini Attacks Ethiopia� (1935) �Germany Takes the Rhineland Back� (1936) �Germany and Russia Divide Poland� (1939). These headlines might be used to illustrate the weakness of the","correctAnswerText":"League of Nations","incorrectText1":"United Nations","incorrectText2":"Warsaw Pact","incorrectText3":"Congress of Vienna"}, {"itemType":"YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1","questionText":"Mikhail Gorbachev�s reforms of perestroika and glasnost resulted in","correctAnswerText":" conditions that helped lead to the breakup of the Soviet Union","incorrectText1":"an era of world peace and Soviet prosperity","incorrectText2":"a successful transition to a command economy in Russia","incorrectText3":"censorship of the news media in Russia"}, {"itemType":"34BUUBUS07QUA6M","questionText":"Kim Jong Il and Fidel Castro are 21st-century leaders who believe in the ideas of","correctAnswerText":"Karl Marx","incorrectText1":"Adam Smith","incorrectText2":"Siddhartha Gautama","incorrectText3":"Jean-Jacques Rousseau"}, {"itemType":"NORRDWZROR868GG","questionText":"A. Crusades B. Fall of the Roman Empire C. Golden Age of Greece D. Renaissance.  Which sequence of letters places these events in the correct chronological order?","correctAnswerText":"C ? B ? A ? D","incorrectText1":"A ? B ? C ? D","incorrectText2":"D ? C ? B ? A","incorrectText3":"C ? D ? B ? A"}, {"itemType":"20E6K97FCPOIUK3","questionText":"One way in which Asoka, Mansa Musa, and Suleiman the Magnificent are similar is that they","correctAnswerText":"ruled during times of prosperity","incorrectText1":"established republics","incorrectText2":"led nationalist movements","incorrectText3":"discouraged scientific advancements"}, {"itemType":"B7PFLDEF4F7G29R","questionText":". . . The power of God can be felt in a moment from one end of the world to the other: the royal power acts simultaneously throughout the kingdom. It holds the whole kingdom in position just as God holds the whole world. If God were to withdraw his hand, the entire world would return to nothing: if authority ceases in the kingdom, all lapses into confusion. . . . � Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bossuet.  Which historical era is most closely associated with This passage?","correctAnswerText":"Age of Absolutism","incorrectText1":"Industrial Revolution","incorrectText2":"Agricultural Revolution","incorrectText3":"Age of Imperialism"}, {"itemType":"5MH112LCJ8OZFJM","questionText":"�Bombardment, barrage, curtain-fire, mines, gas, tanks, machine-guns, hand-grenades � words, words, but they hold the horror of the world.� � Erich Maria Remarque, All Quiet on the Western Front.   This quotation best describes the effects of the","correctAnswerText":"technological developments used during World War I","incorrectText1":"formation of alliances in World War II","incorrectText2":"tension between the superpowers during the Cold War","incorrectText3":"protests against reforms during the Indian independence movement"}, {"itemType":"QSACQ30L9JIL10F","questionText":"Which source of information is considered a primary source?","correctAnswerText":"travel diary of Ibn Battuta","incorrectText1":"modern novel about the Golden Age of Islam","incorrectText2":"textbook on the history of North Africa","incorrectText3":"dictionary of English words adapted from Arabic"}, {"itemType":"9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ","questionText":"� Planting wheat and barley � Domesticating animals � Establishing permanent homes and villages. At the beginning of the Neolithic Revolution, the most direct impact of these developments was on","correctAnswerText":"diet and shelter","incorrectText1":"religion and government","incorrectText2":"transportation and trade","incorrectText3":"climate and topography"}, {"itemType":"CRTDFM43DP4R453","questionText":"� Kushites adapted Egyptian art and architecture. � Greeks adopted Phoenician characters for an alphabet. � Arabs used the Indian mathematical concept of zero. These actions are examples of","correctAnswerText":"cultural diffusion","incorrectText1":"filial piety","incorrectText2":"scientific research","incorrectText3":"ethnocentrism"}, {"itemType":"FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR","questionText":"Which belief system is most closely associated with the terms Eightfold Path, Four Noble Truths, and nirvana?","correctAnswerText":"Buddhism","incorrectText1":"Judaism","incorrectText2":"Christianity","incorrectText3":"Shinto"}, {"itemType":"IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0","questionText":"Confucianism had a strong impact on the development of China mainly because this philosophy","correctAnswerText":"provided a basis for social order","incorrectText1":"established a basic structure for military rule","incorrectText2":"contained the framework for a communist government","incorrectText3":"stressed the importance of the individual"}, {"itemType":"6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP","questionText":"The terms masters, apprentices, and journeymen are most closely associated with the","correctAnswerText":"guild system of Europe in the Middle Ages","incorrectText1":"encomienda system of Latin America","incorrectText2":"civil service system of China during the Tang dynasty","incorrectText3":"caste system of India"}, {"itemType":"5WFRV6D1AF857M2","questionText":"One major characteristic of the Renaissance period is that the","correctAnswerText":"classical cultures of Greece and Rome were revived and imitated","incorrectText1":"Catholic Church no longer had any influence in Europe","incorrectText2":"manor became the center of economic activity","incorrectText3":"major language of the people became Latin"}, {"itemType":"ICALETH1G91HXTE","questionText":"�. . . Therefore those preachers of indulgences are in error, who say that by the pope�s indulgences a man is freed from every penalty, and saved; . . .� � Martin Luther. Which period in European history is most directly related to this statement?","correctAnswerText":"Protestant Reformation","incorrectText1":"Age of Exploration","incorrectText2":"Scientific Revolution","incorrectText3":"Crusades"}, {"itemType":"6HN4D643RTBD5SO","questionText":"A major reason for Zheng He�s voyages during the 15th century was to","correctAnswerText":"promote trade and collect tribute","incorrectText1":"establish colonies in Africa and India","incorrectText2":"seal off China�s borders from foreign influence","incorrectText3":"prove the world was round"}, {"itemType":"5KYWZNHEGDGC56G","questionText":"From the 15th to the 18th centuries, absolute monarchs of Europe and Asia sought to","correctAnswerText":"centralize their political power","incorrectText1":"increase the power of the Catholic Church","incorrectText2":"redistribute land to the peasants","incorrectText3":"strengthen feudalism"}, {"itemType":"5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK","questionText":"Seventeenth-century scholars Galileo Galilei and Ren� Descartes faced serious challenges to their scientific theories because their ideas","correctAnswerText":"contradicted traditional medieval European beliefs","incorrectText1":"were based on the Bible","incorrectText2":"relied only on teachings from non-Christian cultures","incorrectText3":"were not supported by scientific investigations"}, {"itemType":"8L2TET9XHNDJDY6","questionText":". . . In order to obtain Arab support in the War, the British Government promised the Sherif of Mecca in 1915 that, in the event of an Allied victory, the greater part of the Arab provinces of the Turkish Empire would become independent. The Arabs understood that Palestine would be included in the sphere of independence. In order to obtain the support of World Jewry, the British Government in 1917 issued the Balfour Declaration. The Jews understood that, if the experiment of establishing a Jewish National Home succeeded and a sufficient number of Jews went to Palestine, the National Home might develop in course of time into a Jewish State. . . . � Summary of the Report of the Palestine Royal Commission, 1937.   Which conclusion is best supported by This passage?","correctAnswerText":"The Arab-Israeli conflict can be traced in part to British promises.","incorrectText1":"The British made no promises to either the Arabs or the Jews.","incorrectText2":"The United Nations did not try to prevent conflict in the Middle East.","incorrectText3":"Only the Jews were promised an independent state in Palestine."}, {"itemType":"GON3JDO53HYHEHP","questionText":"� Led the Russians in a second revolution (1917) � Promised �Peace, Land, and Bread� � Established the New Economic Policy (NEP). Which leader is being described by these statements?","correctAnswerText":"Vladimir I. Lenin","incorrectText1":"Czar Nicholas II ","incorrectText2":"Nikita Khrushchev ","incorrectText3":"Mikhail Gorbachev"}, {"itemType":"17S7REU8QQJYUYZ","questionText":". . . A weary, exhausted, nerve-racked group of men it was indeed that, about noon November 1, assembled in a gully north of Sommerance [France] to rest and dig in for the night. The artillery was still firing furiously, but the enemy�s barrage [bombardment] had ceased very suddenly about 10:00 a.m. and now only occasional shells from long-range rifles would explode in the vicinity. The weather was gloomy and the moist air chilled one to the bones. Yet it was with that meticulous [methodical] care that is characteristic of worn-out men, that we prepared our foxholes, carrying boards and iron sheeting from abandoned machine-gunners� dugouts in order to make our �houses� as comfortable as possible, even though only for one night. . . . Source: William L. Langer, Gas and Flame in World War I, Knopf/Borzoi.    Which means of warfare is described in This passage?","correctAnswerText":"trench","incorrectText1":"guerilla","incorrectText2":"biological","incorrectText3":"nuclear"}]},
{
"itemId": "2D2FD039F84132E54717DD4",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "world history set 5",
"navBarTitleText": "world history set 5",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{"itemType":"FU9DRRDLASG0B18","questionText":"One way in which Sim�n Bol�var, Jomo Kenyatta, and Mohandas Gandhi are similar is that each","correctAnswerText":"led a nationalist movement","incorrectText1":"used nonviolent tactics","incorrectText2":"supported imperialism","incorrectText3":"opposed communism"}, {"itemType":"29V66H94IK4K1K5","questionText":"One way in which the Sepoy Mutiny in India, the Zulu resistance in southern Africa, and the Boxer Rebellion in China are similar is that each resulted from","correctAnswerText":"native reaction to foreign interference in the region","incorrectText1":"government policies of ethnic cleansing","incorrectText2":"attempts by democratic forces to overthrow the monarchy","incorrectText3":"government denial of access to fertile farmland"}, {"itemType":"MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0","questionText":"The main purpose of a time line is to show the","correctAnswerText":"chronological relationship between events","incorrectText1":"causes and effects of wars","incorrectText2":"location of important places","incorrectText3":"benefits of modern civilizations"}, {"itemType":"MMPPPQTR96W85B9","questionText":"Which civilization first developed a civil service system, invented gunpowder, and manufactured porcelain?","correctAnswerText":"Chinese","incorrectText1":"Aztec","incorrectText2":"Japanese","incorrectText3":"Roman"}, {"itemType":"V1LX77TKH98RRK5","questionText":"Which two belief systems teach that there are spirits in nature?","correctAnswerText":"Shinto and animism","incorrectText1":"Hinduism and Confucianism","incorrectText2":"Judaism and Christianity","incorrectText3":"Islam and Buddhism"}, {"itemType":"9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL","questionText":"The Justinian Code is considered a milestone because it","correctAnswerText":"served as a model for European legal systems","incorrectText1":"preserved many ancient Chinese legal decrees in writing","incorrectText2":"became the first democratic constitution","incorrectText3":"united Muslim and Roman thought"}, {"itemType":"W8NPG9KNA7FY64R","questionText":"A major contribution of the Golden Age of Islam was the","correctAnswerText":"advancement of mathematics and science","incorrectText1":"development of mercantilism","incorrectText2":"creation of the first polytheistic religion","incorrectText3":"spread of democratic ideals"}, {"itemType":"W51PW4MEE1QROQ1","questionText":"Which factor most influenced a person�s social position in early Indian societies?","correctAnswerText":"birth","incorrectText1":"education","incorrectText2":"geographic location","incorrectText3":"individual achievement"}, {"itemType":"5XGL523ABIUTY7R","questionText":"Which innovation had the greatest impact on the Protestant Reformation?","correctAnswerText":"movable-type printing press","incorrectText1":"Mercator map projection","incorrectText2":"magnetic compass","incorrectText3":"triangular sail"}, {"itemType":"4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT","questionText":"The Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the English Bill of Rights were created to","correctAnswerText":"limit the power of English monarchs","incorrectText1":"establish laws protecting the rights of Protestants","incorrectText2":"organize England�s colonial empire","incorrectText3":"abolish the role of Parliament"}, {"itemType":"WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4","questionText":"�To him who wishes to follow me, I offer hardships, hunger, thirst and all the perils of war.� � Garibaldi�s Memoirs This quotation from Garibaldi is most closely associated with Italian","correctAnswerText":"nationalism","incorrectText1":"exploration","incorrectText2":"imperialism","incorrectText3":"neutrality"}, {"itemType":"Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF","questionText":"�. . . I am willing to admit my pride in this accomplishment for Japan. The facts are these: It was not until the sixth year of Kaei (1853) that a steamship was seen for the first time; it was only in the second year of Ansei (1855) that we began to study navigation from the Dutch in Nagasaki; by 1860, the science was sufficiently understood to enable us to sail a ship across the Pacific. This means that about seven years after the first sight of a steamship, after only about five years of practice, the Japanese people made a trans- Pacific crossing without help from foreign experts. I think we can without undue pride boast before the world of this courage and skill. As I have shown, the Japanese officers were to receive no aid from Captain Brooke throughout the voyage. Even in taking observations, our officers and the Americans made them independently of each other. Sometimes they compared their results, but we were never in the least dependent on the Americans. . . .� � Eiichi Kiyooka, trans., The Autobiography of Fukuzawa Yukichi, The Hokuseido Press, 1934.      Which set of events is most closely associated with the nation described in This passage?","correctAnswerText":"end of the Tokugawa Shogunate ?beginning of the Meiji Restoration","incorrectText1":"end of the Opium War ? creation of European spheres of influence","incorrectText2":"fall of the Manchus ? rise of Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen)","incorrectText3":"imperialism in China ?start of World War II"}, {"itemType":"3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5","questionText":"When some European leaders agreed to Hitler�s demands concerning Czechoslovakia in 1938, they were supporting a policy of","correctAnswerText":"appeasement","incorrectText1":"d�tente","incorrectText2":"balance of power","incorrectText3":"collective security"}, {"itemType":"XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4","questionText":"What was one reason that India was divided into two nations in 1947?","correctAnswerText":"Differences between the Hindus and the Muslims created religious conflict.","incorrectText1":"Indian leaders disagreed about India�s role in the United Nations.","incorrectText2":"Great Britain feared a unified India would be a military threat.","incorrectText3":"The Soviet Union insisted that India should have a communist government."}, {"itemType":"6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4","questionText":"Which factor most helped Communist Party forces gain control of China after World War II?","correctAnswerText":"The Communists gained the support of China�s peasant class.","incorrectText1":"The United States sent weapons to the Communists.","incorrectText2":"The Japanese gave economic aid to the Nationalists.","incorrectText3":"The Chinese Nationalists set up their own government in Taiwan."}, {"itemType":"C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC","questionText":"Which event illustrates the policy of containment?","correctAnswerText":"naval blockade of Cuba (1962)","incorrectText1":"Nuremberg trials (1945�1946)","incorrectText2":"Hungarian revolt (1956)","incorrectText3":"launching of Sputnik (1957)"}, {"itemType":"8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS","questionText":"Which practice in medieval Europe was most similar to a Japanese warrior�s code of bushido?","correctAnswerText":"chivalry","incorrectText1":"indulgences","incorrectText2":"serfdom","incorrectText3":"tribute"}, {"itemType":"IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ","questionText":"In Iran, both the Revolution of 1979 and the rise of Islamic fundamentalism have caused","correctAnswerText":"tension between traditionalism and modernization to continue","incorrectText1":"an increase in women�s rights","incorrectText2":"foreign control of natural resources to expand","incorrectText3":"the introduction of a communist form of government"}, {"itemType":"9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF","questionText":"Which sequence of events is listed in the correct chronological order?","correctAnswerText":"Crusades ? Renaissance ? French Revolution","incorrectText1":"Crusades ? French Revolution ? Renaissance","incorrectText2":"French Revolution ? Crusades ? Renaissance","incorrectText3":"Renaissance ? Crusades ? French Revolution"}, {"itemType":"HARJ6XE78XNCXSA","questionText":"Which period of history had the greatest influence on the Enlightenment ideas of natural law and reason?","correctAnswerText":"Scientific Revolution","incorrectText1":"Pax Romana","incorrectText2":"Middle Ages","incorrectText3":"Age of Exploration"}, {"itemType":"8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A","questionText":"Which pair of belief systems share a belief that spirits reside in natural objects and forms?","correctAnswerText":"Shintoism and animism","incorrectText1":"Hinduism and Confucianism","incorrectText2":"Islam and Judaism","incorrectText3":"Christianity and Buddhism"}, {"itemType":"6RC5YZ1KHUU0465","questionText":"Which statement about the Tang dynasty is a fact rather than an opinion?","correctAnswerText":"The Tang emperors granted government jobs to scholars who passed examinations.","incorrectText1":"Technical advances would have been greater if the Tang dynasty had lasted longer.","incorrectText2":"China�s best emperors came from the Tang dynasty.","incorrectText3":"The culture of the Tang dynasty was superior to that of the Han dynasty."}, {"itemType":"BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM","questionText":"During the feudal period in Europe, power and position in society were based on the","correctAnswerText":"amount of land possessed","incorrectText1":"amount of money earned","incorrectText2":"level of education achieved","incorrectText3":"number of slaves owned"}, {"itemType":"HSF4BRDGX2SXB69","questionText":"Revival of trade in western Europe, decline of feudalism, revival of interest in learning, and cultural interaction with the Middle East are associated with the","correctAnswerText":"impact of the Crusades","incorrectText1":"effects of the barter system","incorrectText2":"growth of the Maya Empire","incorrectText3":"rise of Charlemagne"}, {"itemType":"9TINW08CRITM2N9","questionText":"In western Europe, Martin Luther�s Ninety-five Theses and Henry VIII�s Act of Supremacy led to","correctAnswerText":"an end to Christian unity","incorrectText1":"a strengthening of economic unity","incorrectText2":"better relations between peasants and merchants","incorrectText3":"fewer violent outbreaks between ethnic groups"}, {"itemType":"IR07J676OISB4HU","questionText":"� Leonardo DaVinci used movement and perspective in his work. � Machiavelli�s The Prince advised rulers on how to gain and maintain power. � Humanist scholars examined worldly subjects and classical culture. Which period is associated with these statements?","correctAnswerText":"Renaissance","incorrectText1":"French Revolution","incorrectText2":"Early Middle Ages","incorrectText3":"Enlightenment"}, {"itemType":"DVK5QLN0B25CP5N","questionText":"During the 15th century, which two European countries began sea voyages of exploration?","correctAnswerText":"Portugal and Spain","incorrectText1":"Germany and Italy","incorrectText2":"England and France","incorrectText3":"Russia and the Netherlands"}, {"itemType":"V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY","questionText":"The Aztec use of the calendar and the Maya writing system both illustrate that pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas","correctAnswerText":"flourished prior to European contact","incorrectText1":"traded extensively with Africa","incorrectText2":"declined because of invasion and disease","incorrectText3":"converted others to Islam"}, {"itemType":"KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I","questionText":"What was a major cause of the French Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"inequalities in the tax structure","incorrectText1":"economic success of mercantilism","incorrectText2":"failure of the Congress of Vienna","incorrectText3":"Continental System in Europe"}, {"itemType":"3S3OX0N305A2N1R","questionText":"The Sepoy Rebellion was to India as the Boxer Rebellion was to","correctAnswerText":"China ","incorrectText1":"Russia","incorrectText2":"Japan","incorrectText3":"Italy"}, {"itemType":"OVVV5FJUTV71M45","questionText":"What was the immediate cause of World War I in Europe?","correctAnswerText":"assassination of the heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire","incorrectText1":"start of the civil war in Russia","incorrectText2":"sinking of the British liner, Lusitania","incorrectText3":"attack on Poland by the German army"}, {"itemType":"YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP","questionText":"Under communism in the former Soviet Union, people were required to","correctAnswerText":"put the interests of the state before individual gain","incorrectText1":"reject modern technology","incorrectText2":"limit the size of their families","incorrectText3":"honor their ancestors and religious traditions"}, {"itemType":"9ATK959C2RJDRXK","questionText":"Many historians believe that the harsh terms found in the Treaty of Versailles helped lead to","correctAnswerText":"World War II","incorrectText1":"Italy�s unification","incorrectText2":"Turkey�s modernization","incorrectText3":"revolutions in Russia"}, {"itemType":"I515USMBMX2R1D3","questionText":"�Korea Divided at 38th Parallel� �Hungarian Revolution Crushed� �Missile Sites Spotted in Cuba�. The events in these headlines contributed to the","correctAnswerText":"tensions between the superpowers","incorrectText1":"development of peacetime alliances","incorrectText2":"collapse of the Soviet Union","incorrectText3":"rejection of imperialism by Western nations"}, {"itemType":"9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI","questionText":"One reason the Chinese Communists were able to gain control of China was primarily due to the support of the","correctAnswerText":"peasants","incorrectText1":"foreigners","incorrectText2":"landed elite","incorrectText3":"warlords"}, {"itemType":"EPCP98OYHVDOU4A","questionText":"Which nation had the greatest influence on the recent histories of Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Tibet?","correctAnswerText":"China","incorrectText1":"India","incorrectText2":"South Korea","incorrectText3":"Russia"}, {"itemType":"KICKKXSXUCGKDYT","questionText":"�. . . We cannot and must not allow ourselves to have the message of Hiroshima and Nagasaki fade completely from our minds, and we cannot allow our vision or ideals to fade, either. For if we do, we have but one course left for us. And that flash of light will not only rob us of our vision, but it will rob us of our lives, our progeny [descendants], and our very existence.� � Tadatoshi Akiba, Mayor of Hiroshima. With which issue is Mayor Akiba most concerned?","correctAnswerText":"nuclear proliferation","incorrectText1":"depletion of the ozone layer","incorrectText2":"treatment of infectious diseases","incorrectText3":"international terrorism"}, {"itemType":"HQSUDLM4W56G5G3","questionText":"One similarity in the rule of Julius Caesar, Genghis Khan, and Catherine the Great is that each leader","correctAnswerText":"engaged in territorial expansion","incorrectText1":"required the use of Latin throughout the empire","incorrectText2":"introduced the use of gunpowder in warfare","incorrectText3":"encouraged the spread of independence movements"}, {"itemType":"M6L7YCS6YVBNI48","questionText":"One similarity in the unification of Italy, the Zionist movement, and the breakup of the Ottoman Empire was that each was influenced by","correctAnswerText":"nationalism","incorrectText1":"humanism","incorrectText2":"polytheism","incorrectText3":"imperialism"}, {"itemType":"TBIDXY8QT09WZDG","questionText":"� The Nazi Party controls Germany. � Khmer Rouge rules in Cambodia. � The Sandinistas control Nicaragua. Which statement describes a similarity in these situations?","correctAnswerText":"One group seized power and limited opposition.","incorrectText1":"Civil liberties were promoted.","incorrectText2":"Voting rights were extended to women.","incorrectText3":"Leaders won the support of all groups."}, {"itemType":"QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD","questionText":"A comparison of the actions of the Jacobins during the French Revolution and the actions of the Bolsheviks during the Russian Revolution indicates that revolutions sometimes","correctAnswerText":"bring radicals to power","incorrectText1":"occur in a peaceful manner","incorrectText2":"gain the support of wealthy landowners","incorrectText3":"ignore urban workers"}, {"itemType":"IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU","questionText":"Which activity would be most characteristic of people in a traditional society?","correctAnswerText":"having the same occupation as their parents","incorrectText1":"serving in government assemblies","incorrectText2":"working in an industrialized city","incorrectText3":"establishing a mercantile system of trade"}, {"itemType":"9150158FNA5XOVV","questionText":"What is the main reason the Neolithic Revolution is considered a turning point in world history?","correctAnswerText":"Domestication of animals and cultivation of crops led to settled communities.","incorrectText1":"Fire was used as a source of energy for the first time.","incorrectText2":"Spoken language was used to improve communication.","incorrectText3":"Stone tools and weapons were first developed."}, {"itemType":"OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0","questionText":"One similarity between animism and Shinto is that people who follow these belief systems","correctAnswerText":"worship spirits in nature","incorrectText1":"practice filial piety","incorrectText2":"are monotheistic","incorrectText3":"are required to make pilgrimages"}, {"itemType":"UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U","questionText":"One of the major achievements of Byzantine Emperor Justinian was that he","correctAnswerText":"preserved and transmitted Greek and Roman culture","incorrectText1":"established a direct trade route with Ghana","incorrectText2":"defended the empire against the spread of Islam","incorrectText3":"brought Roman Catholicism to his empire"}, {"itemType":"VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP","questionText":"Both European medieval knights and Japanese samurai warriors pledged oaths of","correctAnswerText":"loyalty to their military leader","incorrectText1":"devotion to their nation-state","incorrectText2":"service to their church","incorrectText3":"allegiance to their families"}, {"itemType":"8UKFL9QB8570RXP","questionText":"A direct impact that the printing press had on 16th-century Europe was that it encouraged the","correctAnswerText":"spread of ideas","incorrectText1":"beginnings of communism","incorrectText2":"establishment of democracy","incorrectText3":"development of industrialization"}, {"itemType":"FX96LMXJUNBPTWL","questionText":"Cervantes� literary classic Don Quixote, the rule of Isabella and Ferdinand, and the art of El Greco are associated with the","correctAnswerText":"Golden Age in Spain","incorrectText1":"Hanseatic League in Germany","incorrectText2":"Glorious Revolution in England","incorrectText3":"Renaissance in Italy"}, {"itemType":"4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW","questionText":"Which statement best describes a result of the encounter between Europeans and native populations of Latin America?","correctAnswerText":"Plantations in the New World used enslaved Africans to replace native populations.","incorrectText1":"Native societies experienced rapid population growth.","incorrectText2":"European nations lost power and prestige in the New World.","incorrectText3":"Large numbers of natives migrated to Europe for a better life."}, {"itemType":"FTV4F5OFSF293XL","questionText":"Speaker A: Although I spread serfdom in my country, I tried to modernize our society by incorporating western technology. Speaker B: I promoted culture with my support of the arts. Unfortunately, I drained my country�s treasury by building my palace at Versailles and involving my country in costly wars. Speaker C: I gained much wealth from my overseas empire in the Americas. I waged war against the Protestants and lost. Speaker D: I inherited the throne and imprisoned my foes without a trial. I dissolved Parliament because I did not want to consult with them when I increased taxes..    Which speaker represents the view of King Louis XIV of France?","correctAnswerText":"B","incorrectText1":"A","incorrectText2":"C","incorrectText3":"D"}, {"itemType":"HI4X8VLDXB6CU97","questionText":"Speaker A: Although I spread serfdom in my country, I tried to modernize our society by incorporating western technology. Speaker B: I promoted culture with my support of the arts. Unfortunately, I drained my country�s treasury by building my palace at Versailles and involving my country in costly wars. Speaker C: I gained much wealth from my overseas empire in the Americas. I waged war against the Protestants and lost. Speaker D: I inherited the throne and imprisoned my foes without a trial. I dissolved Parliament because I did not want to consult with them when I increased taxes..    Which nation was most likely governed by speaker D?","correctAnswerText":"England","incorrectText1":"Russia","incorrectText2":"Spain","incorrectText3":"France "}, {"itemType":"38CTTRF38X7325C","questionText":"The Bolshevik Party in 1917 gained the support of the peasant class because they promised them","correctAnswerText":"�Peace, Land, and Bread�","incorrectText1":"�Liberty, Equality, Fraternity�","incorrectText2":"abolition of the secret police","incorrectText3":"democratic reforms in all levels of government"}, {"itemType":"BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9","questionText":"Which area was once controlled by Britain, suffered a mass starvation in the 1840s, and became an independent Catholic nation in 1922?","correctAnswerText":"Ireland","incorrectText1":"Scotland","incorrectText2":"Ghana","incorrectText3":"India"}, {"itemType":"9UYVCNJEO4SL600","questionText":"In the 1980s, Mikhail Gorbachev�s attempts to change the Soviet Union resulted in","correctAnswerText":"a series of economic and political reforms","incorrectText1":"an increase in tensions between India and the Soviet Union","incorrectText2":"a strengthening of the Communist Party","incorrectText3":"a shift from producing consumer goods to producing heavy machinery"}, {"itemType":"SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ","questionText":"One way in which the Tang dynasty, the Gupta Empire, and the European Renaissance are similar is that they all included periods of","correctAnswerText":"cultural achievements","incorrectText1":"religious unity","incorrectText2":"democratic reforms","incorrectText3":"economic isolation"}, {"itemType":"FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP","questionText":"What was one similar goal shared by Sim�n Bol�var and Mohandas Gandhi?","correctAnswerText":"ending foreign control","incorrectText1":"promoting religious freedom","incorrectText2":"establishing a limited monarchy","incorrectText3":"creating collective farms"}, {"itemType":"YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3","questionText":"The Armenian Massacre, the �killing fields� of the Khmer Rouge, and Saddam Hussein�s attacks against the Kurds are examples of","correctAnswerText":"human rights violations","incorrectText1":"apartheid","incorrectText2":"enslavement","incorrectText3":"forced collectivization"}, {"itemType":"MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI","questionText":"In western Europe, the Middle Ages began after the collapse of which empire?","correctAnswerText":"Roman","incorrectText1":"Mughal","incorrectText2":"Ottoman","incorrectText3":"Byzantine"}, {"itemType":"A9BBHEWS99VQPQG","questionText":"�Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy Form Triple Alliance� �Serbian Nationalism Grows in Balkans� �Archduke Franz Ferdinand Assassinated in Bosnia�. The events in these headlines contributed most directly to the","correctAnswerText":"beginning of World War I","incorrectText1":"outbreak of the Cold War","incorrectText2":"development of communist rule in Europe","incorrectText3":"strengthening of European monarchies"}, {"itemType":"HWHPLOAQRN459YD","questionText":"�Archaeologists Revise Historical Interpretations After New Discovery� �New Research Sheds Light on Causes of World War I� �Computer Technology Helps Reconstruct Ancient Languages�. These headlines indicate that the understanding of historical facts","correctAnswerText":"is shaped by the available evidence","incorrectText1":"remains the same over time","incorrectText2":"is passed down from one generation to another","incorrectText3":"reflects a variety of personal opinions"}, {"itemType":"ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH","questionText":"What was an important result of the Neolithic Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"Food supplies became more reliable.","incorrectText1":"New sources of energy became available.","incorrectText2":"People became more nomadic.","incorrectText3":"Populations declined."}, {"itemType":"PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3","questionText":"Which belief is most closely associated with the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)?","correctAnswerText":"People can overcome their desires by following the Eight-Fold Path.","incorrectText1":"People are born into a specific caste.","incorrectText2":"Believers must follow the Ten Commandments.","incorrectText3":"Followers must fast during Ramadan."}, {"itemType":"M32KSEKMXP9VM9H","questionText":"Which empire had the greatest influence on the development of early Russia?","correctAnswerText":"Byzantine","incorrectText1":"Roman","incorrectText2":"Egyptian","incorrectText3":"British"}, {"itemType":"9NK0N52O2K7MILW","questionText":"� Showing respect for parents � Maintaining family honor � Honoring all elders. Which term is most closely related to these three actions?","correctAnswerText":"filial piety","incorrectText1":"nirvana","incorrectText2":"animism","incorrectText3":"hadj (hajj)"}, {"itemType":"ACVORE5RIFGXI9T","questionText":". . . And we cannot reckon how great the damage is, since the mentioned merchants are taking every day our natives, sons of the land and the sons of our noblemen and vassals and our relatives, because the thieves and men of bad conscience grab them wishing to have the things and wares of this Kingdom which they are ambitious of; they grab them and get them to be sold; and so great, Sir, is the corruption and licentiousness [lack of restraint] that our country is being completely depopulated, and Your Highness should not agree with this nor accept it as in your service. . . . � Nzinga Mbemba (King Affonso), Letters to the King of Portugal, 1526. Which event in African history is described in This passage?","correctAnswerText":"Atlantic slave trade","incorrectText1":"exploration of the African interior","incorrectText2":"discovery of gold mines in Nigeria","incorrectText3":"Belgium�s takeover of the Congo"}, {"itemType":"W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG","questionText":"The feudal systems in both medieval Europe and early Japan were characterized by","correctAnswerText":"a decentralized political system","incorrectText1":"religious diversity","incorrectText2":"an increased emphasis on education","incorrectText3":"the development of a wealthy middle class"}, {"itemType":"0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ","questionText":"In the early 1500s, Martin Luther�s �Ninety-five Theses,� Henry VIII�s �Act of Supremacy,� and John Calvin�s Institutes of the Christian Religion contributed to","correctAnswerText":"a decline in the power of the Catholic Church","incorrectText1":"an increased sense of nationalism in Tudor England","incorrectText2":"the growing power of the feudal nobility in Europe","incorrectText3":"a major conflict among Eastern Orthodox Christians"}, {"itemType":"LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z","questionText":"In England, the Magna Carta, the Puritan Revolution, the Glorious Revolution, and the English Bill of Rights led to the development of","correctAnswerText":"a limited monarchy","incorrectText1":"a dictatorship","incorrectText2":"an absolute monarchy","incorrectText3":"a theocracy"}, {"itemType":"6J6SIRWPNI6IONR","questionText":"The heliocentric model, the development of inductive reasoning, and the work of Descartes are all associated with which revolution?","correctAnswerText":"Scientific","incorrectText1":"Neolithic","incorrectText2":"Green","incorrectText3":"Agricultural"}, {"itemType":"JOJC5JND6O7R6NH","questionText":"The White Man�s Burden. �Take up the White Man�s burden� Send forth the best ye breed� Go, bind your sons to exile To serve your captives� need; To wait, in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild� Your new-caught sullen peoples, Half devil and half child. . . .� � Rudyard Kipling, 1899.    This stanza from Kipling�s poem is most closely associated with the belief that it was the duty of Western colonial powers to","correctAnswerText":"civilize the people they controlled","incorrectText1":"learn from the people they conquered","incorrectText2":"teach their colonies how to produce manufactured goods","incorrectText3":"welcome less developed countries as equals"}, {"itemType":"TX38PQXUNZK77UN","questionText":"Which two major ideas are contained in the writings of Karl Marx?","correctAnswerText":"class struggle and revolutionary change","incorrectText1":"survival of the fittest and natural selection","incorrectText2":"separation of powers and checks and balances","incorrectText3":"monotheism and religious tolerance"}, {"itemType":"IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW","questionText":"The Treaty of Versailles angered many Germans after World War I because the treaty","correctAnswerText":"forced Germany to pay large war reparations","incorrectText1":"divided Germany into Communist and non-Communist zones","incorrectText2":"made Germany restore its emperor","incorrectText3":"required all German-speaking Europeans to return to Germany"}, {"itemType":"B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68","questionText":"Which event is most closely associated with the start of World War II in Europe?","correctAnswerText":"invasion of Poland by Nazi forces","incorrectText1":"signing of the Munich Agreement","incorrectText2":"building of the Berlin Wall","incorrectText3":"assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand"}, {"itemType":"Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV","questionText":". . . The Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all and consequently they agree that, if such an armed attack occurs, each of them, in exercise of the right of individual or collective self-defence . . . will assist the Party or Parties so attacked by taking forthwith, individually and in concert with the other Parties, such action as it deems necessary, including the use of armed force, to restore and maintain the security of the . . . area. . . .. Which organization includes This statement in its charter?","correctAnswerText":"North Atlantic Treaty Organization","incorrectText1":"Warsaw Pact","incorrectText2":"United Nations","incorrectText3":"Organization of American States"}, {"itemType":"0WK63DOOS2FXIQR","questionText":"A similarity between Peter the Great of Russia and Deng Xiaoping of the People�s Republic of China was that each","correctAnswerText":"promoted economic and technological modernization of his country","incorrectText1":"resisted economic and social reforms in his country","incorrectText2":"rejected the culture of his country in favor of a foreign culture","incorrectText3":"experienced foreign invasions of his country that almost succeeded."}, {"itemType":"LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y","questionText":"�. . . The Communist party of the Soviet Union has been and remains a natural and inalienable part of social forces. Their cooperation will make it possible to attain the ultimate goal of Perestroika: to renew our society within the framework of the socialist choice, along the lines of advance to a humane democratic socialism. . . .� Which leader would most likely have made this statement?","correctAnswerText":"Mikhail Gorbachev","incorrectText1":"Kwame Nkrumah","incorrectText2":"Mohandas Gandhi","incorrectText3":"Benito Mussolini"}, {"itemType":"WA72MFJ0LXADZMV","questionText":"In the late 20th century, what was a problem common to the Balkans, Rwanda, and Indonesia?","correctAnswerText":"ethnic or religious conflicts","incorrectText1":"disposal of nuclear waste","incorrectText2":"drought and famine","incorrectText3":"overcrowding of urban centers"}, {"itemType":"F4PB21EHTG20GMV","questionText":"The Gupta civilization (4th�6th centuries) and the Maya civilization (4th�10th centuries) were similar in that both","correctAnswerText":"built temple complexes and developed the concept of zero","incorrectText1":"eliminated standing armies and introduced an aristocracy","incorrectText2":"developed early democratic systems","incorrectText3":"were conquered by European imperialists"}, {"itemType":"RQFKPE3OR6A25JD","questionText":"In the years following the Meiji Restoration in Japan and the unification of Germany in the 19th century, both nations experienced","correctAnswerText":"an increase in military production and strengthened military forces","incorrectText1":"a reduction in tensions with neighboring nations","incorrectText2":"a restructuring of government that included popularly elected monarchs","incorrectText3":"a decrease in the reliance on industrialization and trade"}, {"itemType":"I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ","questionText":"One way in which Alexander II, Catherine the Great, and Boris Yeltsin played similar roles in Russian history was that they","correctAnswerText":"encouraged reforms","incorrectText1":"led communist revolutions","incorrectText2":"were subjects of Stalinist purges","incorrectText3":"supported territorial expansion"}, {"itemType":"6KQZN538LCU7K9W","questionText":"� Berlin airlift � Cuban missile crisis � Nuclear arms race. These events were part of an era known as the","correctAnswerText":"Cold War","incorrectText1":"Age of Imperialism","incorrectText2":"Scientific Revolution","incorrectText3":"Enlightenment"}, {"itemType":"XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG","questionText":"Conflicts between Hutu and Tutsi, Ottoman Turks and Armenians, and Soviets and Ukrainian kulaks all resulted in","correctAnswerText":"massacres or genocide","incorrectText1":"establishment of new governments","incorrectText2":"international intervention","incorrectText3":"cultural interdependence"}, {"itemType":"LFNB87QHK1KPSO1","questionText":"Which statement about Greek civilization is an opinion rather than a fact?","correctAnswerText":"Athens had a better culture than that of Sparta.","incorrectText1":"Boys in Sparta were trained to be soldiers.","incorrectText2":"Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle were Greek philosophers.","incorrectText3":"Many adults in Athens did not have the right to vote."}, {"itemType":"YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1","questionText":"The religious terms Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path, and nirvana are most closely associated with","correctAnswerText":"Buddhism","incorrectText1":"Judaism","incorrectText2":"Shintoism","incorrectText3":"Islam"}, {"itemType":"34BUUBUS07QUA6M","questionText":"The Golden Age of Muslim culture was best known for its","correctAnswerText":"advances in mathematics, science, and medicine","incorrectText1":"attempts to colonize North America","incorrectText2":"frequent conflicts between Christians and Jews","incorrectText3":"policies to reduce trade between the Middle East and China"}, {"itemType":"NORRDWZROR868GG","questionText":"What was one influence of Mongol rule on the history of Russia?","correctAnswerText":"Russian leaders adopted the idea of strong, centralized control of the empire.","incorrectText1":"Contact with kingdoms in western Europe greatly increased.","incorrectText2":"The Chinese writing system was introduced and adopted.","incorrectText3":"Most Russians converted from Orthodox Christianity to Islam."}, {"itemType":"20E6K97FCPOIUK3","questionText":"� Timbuktu is known as a great center of learning and trade. � Walls of Great Zimbabwe reveal a powerful and rich society. � Complex culture produces brass sculptures in Benin. What generalization can be made on the basis of these statements?","correctAnswerText":"Some African societies achieved a high level of economic and cultural development.","incorrectText1":"Religious beliefs were the most important element in many African societies.","incorrectText2":"North African societies were more advanced than South African societies.","incorrectText3":"Most African societies were hundreds of years behind Asian societies in using technology."}, {"itemType":"B7PFLDEF4F7G29R","questionText":"Philosophers of the Enlightenment period believed that society could best be improved by","correctAnswerText":"applying reason and the laws of nature","incorrectText1":"relying on faith and divine right","incorrectText2":"borrowing ideas from ancient Greece and Rome","incorrectText3":"studying the practices of successful leaders"}, {"itemType":"5MH112LCJ8OZFJM","questionText":"Which statement best expresses the Western perspective regarding Rudyard Kipling�s �white man�s burden�?","correctAnswerText":"Europeans had a duty to introduce the benefits of their civilization to non-European peoples.","incorrectText1":"Europeans should preserve traditional cultures in Africa and Asia.","incorrectText2":" Europeans must protect existing African and Asian economies.","incorrectText3":"Europeans suffered great hardships in exploring new trade routes to Asia."}, {"itemType":"QSACQ30L9JIL10F","questionText":"The success of the women�s suffrage movement in 20th-century Europe resulted in part from women","correctAnswerText":"working in factories during World War I","incorrectText1":"holding high political offices","incorrectText2":"being encouraged to have large families","incorrectText3":"serving in combat positions during World War I"}, {"itemType":"9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ","questionText":"�. . . A free, open-minded, and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims, based upon a strict observance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty the interests of the populations concerned must have equal weight with the equitable claims of the government whose title is to be determined. . . .� � President Woodrow Wilson�s Fourteen Points, 1918. This statement held appeal for nationalists in areas under colonial control because it suggested","correctAnswerText":"national self-determination","incorrectText1":"economic development","incorrectText2":"a system of alliances","incorrectText3":"protection from terrorists"}, {"itemType":"CRTDFM43DP4R453","questionText":"The Armenian massacre, the Holocaust, and the Rape of Nanking are examples of","correctAnswerText":"human rights violations","incorrectText1":"appeasement policies","incorrectText2":"resistance movements","incorrectText3":"Russification efforts"}, {"itemType":"FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR","questionText":"One way in which Lech Walesa, Mikhail Gorbachev, and Nelson Mandela are similar is that each","correctAnswerText":"led the people of his nation toward a more democratic government","incorrectText1":"fought for power for the black majority over the white minority","incorrectText2":"worked to end communism in his country","incorrectText3":"refused to participate in the United Nations"}, {"itemType":"IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0","questionText":"� Creation of NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and the Warsaw Pact � Construction of the Berlin Wall � Cuban missile crisis. These events are most closely associated with","correctAnswerText":"the Cold War","incorrectText1":"World War I","incorrectText2":"World War II","incorrectText3":"the Persian Gulf War"}, {"itemType":"6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP","questionText":"The activities of Mother Teresa are most closely associated with","correctAnswerText":"the needs of the poor and health care","incorrectText1":"democracy and political freedom","incorrectText2":"industrialization and open markets","incorrectText3":"nationalism and independence movements"}, {"itemType":"5WFRV6D1AF857M2","questionText":"�. . . A place more destitute of all interesting objects than Manchester, it is not easy to conceive. In size and population it is the second city in the kingdom, containing above fourscore thousand [80,000] inhabitants. Imagine this multitude crowded together in narrow streets, the houses all built of brick and blackened with smoke; frequent buildings among them as large as convents, without their antiquity, without their beauty, without their holiness; where you hear from within, as you pass along, the everlasting din of machinery; and where when the bell rings it is to call wretches to their work instead of their prayers, . . . � � Robert J. Southey, Letters from England, 1807. the conditions described in This passage occurred during the","correctAnswerText":"Industrial Revolution","incorrectText1":"Age of Discovery","incorrectText2":"Renaissance","incorrectText3":"Green Revolution"}, {"itemType":"ICALETH1G91HXTE","questionText":"A common element in the movements for German unification, Italian unification, and Indian independence was the","correctAnswerText":"strength of nationalist leaders","incorrectText1":"support of the Catholic Church","incorrectText2":"mediation of the League of Nations","incorrectText3":"existence of democratic institutions"}, {"itemType":"6HN4D643RTBD5SO","questionText":"Which leader is most closely associated with the use of civil disobedience in a struggle to end colonial rule?","correctAnswerText":"Mohandas Gandhi","incorrectText1":"Momar Khadafi","incorrectText2":"Ho Chi Minh","incorrectText3":"Saddam Hussein"}, {"itemType":"5KYWZNHEGDGC56G","questionText":"One similarity between the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution and the Cultural Revolution in China was that both","correctAnswerText":"used violent methods to eliminate their opponents","incorrectText1":"limited the power of absolute leaders","incorrectText2":"illustrated the power of public opinion in forming national policy","incorrectText3":"established social stability and economic growth"}, {"itemType":"5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK","questionText":"Which social scientists are best known for studying the physical artifacts of a culture?","correctAnswerText":"archaeologists ","incorrectText1":"geographers","incorrectText2":"economists","incorrectText3":"sociologists"}, {"itemType":"8L2TET9XHNDJDY6","questionText":"One way in which the Five Relationships, the Ten Commandments, and the Eightfold Path are similar is that they","correctAnswerText":"provide codes of behavior","incorrectText1":"promote polytheism","incorrectText2":"establish gender equality","incorrectText3":"describe secularism"}, {"itemType":"GON3JDO53HYHEHP","questionText":"1. In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful. 2. Praise be to Allah, The Cherisher and Sustainer of the Worlds; 3. Most Gracious, Most Merciful; 4. Master of the Day of Judgement. 5. Thee do we worship, And Thine aid we seek. 6. Show us the straight way, 7. The way of those on whom Thou hast bestowed Thy Grace, Those whose (portion) Is not wrath, And who go not astray. � �Abdullah Y� usuf �Al�l, ed., The Meaning of The Holy Qur�a�n, Amana Publications, 1999.      Which concept is best reflected in This passage?","correctAnswerText":"monotheism","incorrectText1":"baptism","incorrectText2":"karma","incorrectText3":"animism"}]},
{
"itemId": "A79EFB3797AAD59F84072EF",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "world history set 6",
"navBarTitleText": "world history set 6",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{"itemType":"FU9DRRDLASG0B18","questionText":"The policy of strict racial separation and discrimination that was implemented in the Republic of South Africa is called","correctAnswerText":"apartheid","incorrectText1":"collectivization","incorrectText2":"intifada","incorrectText3":"communism"}, {"itemType":"29V66H94IK4K1K5","questionText":"Which statement best describes a problem facing India today?","correctAnswerText":"Religious and ethnic diversity has continued to cause conflict.","incorrectText1":"Democracy has failed to gain popular support.","incorrectText2":"A decrease in population has led to labor shortages.","incorrectText3":"Lack of technology has limited military capabilities."}, {"itemType":"MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0","questionText":"�India Strives for Grain Self-Sufficiency by 1970� �New Wheat Variety Grows in Arid Climate� �Chemical Fertilizer Use Rises 10% in 1960� �Sri Lanka�s Rice Production Increases 25% in Three Years�.  These newspaper headlines from the 1960s and 1970s describe some of the results of the","correctAnswerText":"Green Revolution","incorrectText1":"Sepoy Mutiny","incorrectText2":"Kashmir crisis","incorrectText3":"Computer Revolution"}, {"itemType":"MMPPPQTR96W85B9","questionText":"The treatment of the Armenians by Ottoman Turks in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and the treatment of Muslims by the Serbs of Yugoslavia in the 1990s are both examples of","correctAnswerText":"human rights violations","incorrectText1":"coalition rule","incorrectText2":"liberation theology","incorrectText3":"universal suffrage"}, {"itemType":"V1LX77TKH98RRK5","questionText":"The doctrines of the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Protestant churches are all based on the","correctAnswerText":"principles of Christianity","incorrectText1":"concept of reincarnation","incorrectText2":"teachings of Muhammad","incorrectText3":"leadership of the pope"}, {"itemType":"9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL","questionText":"According to Buddhist principles, believers can end personal suffering by","correctAnswerText":"eliminating selfish desires","incorrectText1":"making pilgrimages to Mecca","incorrectText2":"doing good deeds","incorrectText3":"relying on divine help"}, {"itemType":"W8NPG9KNA7FY64R","questionText":"Christianity, Islam, and Judaism are similar in that they all ask their followers to","correctAnswerText":"follow a code of behavior","incorrectText1":"believe in reincarnation","incorrectText2":"strive for nirvana","incorrectText3":"practice polytheism"}, {"itemType":"W51PW4MEE1QROQ1","questionText":"Shintoism and animism share a belief in the importance of","correctAnswerText":"spirits in nature","incorrectText1":"reincarnation","incorrectText2":"holy books","incorrectText3":"missionaries"}, {"itemType":"5XGL523ABIUTY7R","questionText":"The Age of Pericles in Athens, the Gupta Empire in India, and the Tang dynasty in China all experienced a golden age with","correctAnswerText":"outstanding contributions in the arts and sciences","incorrectText1":"advancements in the principles of democratic governments","incorrectText2":"the end of foreign domination","incorrectText3":"the furthest expansion of their borders"}, {"itemType":"4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT","questionText":"The wealth and power of Mali�s ruler, Mansa Musa, were significant because they contributed to the","correctAnswerText":" spread of Islam","incorrectText1":"start of the Crusades","incorrectText2":"growth of European imperialism","incorrectText3":"rise of Arab nationalism"}, {"itemType":"WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4","questionText":"An important effect of the Protestant Reformation in Europe was that it strengthened the","correctAnswerText":"power of monarchies","incorrectText1":"power of the pope","incorrectText2":"belief in polytheism","incorrectText3":"unity of Europe"}, {"itemType":"Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF","questionText":"The astrolabe and improvements in cartography helped Europeans to","correctAnswerText":"explore the Western Hemisphere","incorrectText1":"launch the Crusades","incorrectText2":"defeat the Mongols","incorrectText3":"expel the Moors"}, {"itemType":"3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5","questionText":"�. . . Finally, let us put together the things so great and so august [exalted] which we have said about royal authority. Behold an immense people united in a single person; behold this holy power, paternal and absolute; behold the secret cause which governs the whole body of the state, contained in a single head: you see the image of God in the king, and you have the idea of royal majesty. God is holiness itself, goodness itself, and power itself. In these things lies the majesty of God. In the image of these things lies the majesty of the prince. . . .� � Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bossuet, 1679.    in This passage, Bossuet was describing the power held by","correctAnswerText":"Louis XIV","incorrectText1":"Charlemagne","incorrectText2":"Joan of Arc","incorrectText3":"Robespierre"}, {"itemType":"XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4","questionText":"�. . . But after a long period of commercial intercourse [trade], there appear among the crowd of barbarians both good persons and bad, unevenly. Consequently there are those who smuggle opium to seduce the Chinese people and so cause the spread of the poison to all provinces. Such persons who only care to profit themselves, and disregard their harm to others, are not tolerated by the laws of heaven and are unanimously hated by human beings. His Majesty the Emperor, upon hearing of this, is in a towering rage. He has especially sent me, his commissioner, to come to Kwangtung [Guangdong Province], and together with the governor-general and governor jointly to investigate and settle this matter. . . .� � �Letter of Advice to Queen Victoria� from Lin Zexu (Lin Tse-Hs�), Chinese Commissioner of Canton, 1839. This letter to Queen Victoria relates most directly to the outbreak of the","correctAnswerText":"Opium Wars","incorrectText1":"Chinese civil war","incorrectText2":"Sino-Japanese War","incorrectText3":"Communist Revolution"}, {"itemType":"6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4","questionText":"The theory of Social Darwinism was sometimes used to justify","correctAnswerText":"European imperialism in the late 19th century","incorrectText1":"the establishment of communist governments in Asia","incorrectText2":"Latin American revolutions in the early 19th century","incorrectText3":"the independence movement in India"}, {"itemType":"C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC","questionText":"Which event occurred first and led to the other three?","correctAnswerText":"World War I","incorrectText1":"rise of fascism in Europe","incorrectText2":"Bolshevik Revolution","incorrectText3":"signing of the Treaty of Versailles"}, {"itemType":"8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS","questionText":"�. . . Passive resistance is a method of securing rights by personal suffering, it is the reverse of resistance by arms. When I refuse to do a thing that is repugnant [objectionable] to my conscience, I use soul-force. For instance, the Government of the day has passed a law which is applicable to me. I do not like it. If by using violence I force the Government to repeal the law, I am employing what may be termed body force. If I do not obey the law and accept the penalty for its breach, I use soul-force. It involves sacrifice of self. . . .� Source: M. K. Gandhi, Indian Home Rule, Navajivan Publishing.    This statement reflects the belief that individuals","correctAnswerText":"can influence events by following moral guidelines","incorrectText1":"have no control over events","incorrectText2":"must use violence to influence events","incorrectText3":"can influence events by using military force"}, {"itemType":"IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ","questionText":"One similarity in the histories of Germany and Vietnam is that both nations","correctAnswerText":"were once divided but have since been reunited","incorrectText1":"remained nonaligned during the Cold War period","incorrectText2":"have chosen a democratic form of government in recent years","incorrectText3":"were once colonized by other European nations"}, {"itemType":"9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF","questionText":"Which situation existed under the policy of apartheid in South Africa?","correctAnswerText":"Society was controlled by the white minority.","incorrectText1":"All people were guaranteed suffrage.","incorrectText2":"The black majority held the most political power.","incorrectText3":"Social inequality was eliminated."}, {"itemType":"HARJ6XE78XNCXSA","questionText":"The global problems of pollution, acid rain, and the breakdown of the ozone layer indicate a need for","correctAnswerText":"greater international cooperation","incorrectText1":"increased urbanization","incorrectText2":"a balance of trade between nations","incorrectText3":"an increase in space exploration"}, {"itemType":"8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A","questionText":"Which historical development showed the desire of a group to gain independence from a colonial power?","correctAnswerText":"Sepoy Mutiny in India","incorrectText1":"rise of the Nazi Party in Germany","incorrectText2":"Solidarity movement in Poland","incorrectText3":"Tiananmen Square uprising in China"}, {"itemType":"6RC5YZ1KHUU0465","questionText":"Which statement describes a similarity between the French Revolution and the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia?","correctAnswerText":"Both revolutions were the result of government denial of basic human rights and stressful economic conditions.","incorrectText1":"The leaders in power before the revolutions favored changing the political system in their country.","incorrectText2":"Most of the revolutionary support was provided by radicals from other countries.","incorrectText3":"The new democracies created by the revolutions gave people greater representation in their governments."}, {"itemType":"BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM","questionText":"� Block printing, gunpowder, and the abacus were developed. � Porcelain making and black-ink painting on silk paper were perfected. � The compass was discovered and used to improve the determination of direction when sailing. These advances are associated with the","correctAnswerText":"Tang and Sung dynasties of China","incorrectText1":"Gupta Empire in India","incorrectText2":"Ghana and Mali civilizations of Africa","incorrectText3":"Byzantine Empire in the Middle East"}, {"itemType":"HSF4BRDGX2SXB69","questionText":"Olympic games, the poems of Homer, and Hellenistic culture are associated with which ancient civilization?","correctAnswerText":"Greek","incorrectText1":"Egyptian","incorrectText2":"Roman","incorrectText3":"Phoenician"}, {"itemType":"9TINW08CRITM2N9","questionText":"Which action could be considered an effect of the Protestant Reformation?","correctAnswerText":"decline in the power of the Roman Catholic Church","incorrectText1":"posting of the Ninety-five Theses","incorrectText2":"sale of indulgences","incorrectText3":"end of religious warfare"}, {"itemType":"IR07J676OISB4HU","questionText":"�In 1469, Isabella of Castile married Ferdinand of Aragon. This marriage between the rulers of two powerful kingdoms opened the way for a unified state. Using their combined forces, the two monarchs made a final push against the Muslim stronghold of Granada. In 1492, Granada fell. . . .� Source: Elisabeth Ellis and Anthony Esler, World History: Connections to Today, Prentice Hall. What is being described in this passage?","correctAnswerText":"the Spanish Reconquista","incorrectText1":"a crusade to the Holy Land","incorrectText2":"the reasons for the voyages of Columbus","incorrectText3":"the start of the Italian Renaissance"}, {"itemType":"DVK5QLN0B25CP5N","questionText":"The archaeological evidence found at the Mesoamerican sites of Tenochtitlan and Machu Picchu suggests that these societies","correctAnswerText":"were highly developed and organized cultures","incorrectText1":"consisted of hunters and gatherers","incorrectText2":"practiced a monotheistic religion","incorrectText3":"followed a democratic system"}, {"itemType":"V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY","questionText":"Which statement describes an impact that the Columbian Exchange had on the lives of Europeans?","correctAnswerText":"The transfer of new products and ideas encouraged economic growth.","incorrectText1":"New diseases were brought to Europe and resulted in massive deaths caused by a plague.","incorrectText2":"Native Americans immigrated to Europe and competed with Europeans for jobs.","incorrectText3":"Cross-cultural contacts between South America and Asia declined."}, {"itemType":"KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I","questionText":"One way in which the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment were similar is that they","correctAnswerText":"encouraged the spread of new ideas","incorrectText1":"strengthened traditional institutions","incorrectText2":"led to the Protestant Reformation","incorrectText3":"rejected Renaissance individualism"}, {"itemType":"3S3OX0N305A2N1R","questionText":"During World War I, which group of people were victims of genocide?","correctAnswerText":"Armenians in the Ottoman Empire","incorrectText1":"Arabs in Egypt","incorrectText2":"Palestinians in Syria","incorrectText3":"Algerians in France"}, {"itemType":"OVVV5FJUTV71M45","questionText":"�It took the Big Four just five hours and twentyfive minutes here in Munich today to dispel the clouds of war and come to an agreement over the partition of Czechoslovakia. There is to be no European war, after all. There is to be peace, and the price of that peace is, roughly, the ceding by Czechoslovakia of the Sudeten territory to Herr Hitler�s Germany. The German F�hrer gets what he wanted, only he has to wait a little longer for it. Not much longer though � only ten days. . . .� Source: William Shirer, recording of CBS radio report from Prague, September 29, 1938. the policy that France, Britain, and Italy chose to follow at This meeting is known as","correctAnswerText":"appeasement","incorrectText1":"liberation","incorrectText2":"self-determination","incorrectText3":"pacification"}, {"itemType":"YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP","questionText":"The political climate of the Cold War caused the world�s two superpowers to","correctAnswerText":"compete economically and militarily","incorrectText1":"cooperate in halting the spread of communism","incorrectText2":"colonize Africa and Asia","incorrectText3":"protect human rights"}, {"itemType":"9ATK959C2RJDRXK","questionText":"The political ideas of Ho Chi Minh, Fidel Castro, and Pol Pot were strongly influenced by the writings of","correctAnswerText":"Karl Marx","incorrectText1":"Confucius","incorrectText2":"Desmond Tutu","incorrectText3":"Mohandas Gandhi "}, {"itemType":"I515USMBMX2R1D3","questionText":"The main purpose of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the European Union (EU) is to","correctAnswerText":"encourage increased economic development","incorrectText1":"increase the authority of the United Nations","incorrectText2":"promote peace between nations","incorrectText3":"establish and enforce military alliances"}, {"itemType":"9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI","questionText":"The late 20th-century conflicts in Rwanda, Yugoslavia, and India were similar in that each was caused by the","correctAnswerText":"rivalries between ethnic groups","incorrectText1":"deforestation conducted by multinational companies","incorrectText2":"collapse of communism","incorrectText3":"intervention of United Nations peacekeeping forces"}, {"itemType":"EPCP98OYHVDOU4A","questionText":"Which set of events is in the correct chronological order?","correctAnswerText":"Treaty of Versailles ? World War II ? Korean War","incorrectText1":"Renaissance ? Middle Ages ? Roman Empire","incorrectText2":"Reformation ? Crusades ? European exploration of the Americas","incorrectText3":"Bolshevik Revolution ? French Revolution ? American Revolution"}, {"itemType":"KICKKXSXUCGKDYT","questionText":"Which action taken by both Hitler and Napoleon is considered by historians to be a strategic military error?","correctAnswerText":"invading Russia with limited supply lines","incorrectText1":"introducing combined ground and naval assaults","incorrectText2":"invading Great Britain by land","incorrectText3":"using conquered peoples as slave laborers"}, {"itemType":"HQSUDLM4W56G5G3","questionText":"Which belief is shared by Hindus and Buddhists?","correctAnswerText":"The soul can be reincarnated.","incorrectText1":"Everyone should have the same social status.","incorrectText2":"People should pray five times a day.","incorrectText3":"Material wealth is a sign of the blessing of the gods."}, {"itemType":"M6L7YCS6YVBNI48","questionText":". . . Muslims, Christians, and Jews lived together in peace. Because several Christian and Jewish prophets, including Adam, Abraham, and Moses, are named in the Qur�an and because the Jewish Torah and Christian gospels are recognized as revelations from Allah, the Muslim rulers called Christians and Jews �people of the Book� and permitted them much religious and personal freedom. Jews, especially, enjoyed many liberties, and many Jews distinguished themselves in science, the arts, and government. Convivencia, a Spanish word meaning �living together,� helped make tenth-century al-Andalus the most civilized country in Europe. . . . �Lawrence Houghteling, �Al-Andalus: Islamic Spain,� Calliope, Nov.�Dec. 1995. What is the main idea of This passage?","correctAnswerText":"Religious tolerance in Muslim Spain encouraged the growth of a rich and diverse culture","incorrectText1":"The Torah and the Bible were rejected in Muslim Spain.","incorrectText2":"Arabs, Jews, and Christians shared houses and places of worship in Muslim Spain.","incorrectText3":"Spain was troubled by deep-rooted religious conflicts."}, {"itemType":"TBIDXY8QT09WZDG","questionText":"Some historians suggest that as a result of the Mongol invasions of Russia, the Russian people were","correctAnswerText":"cut off from most of western Europe","incorrectText1":"united with the Ottomans","incorrectText2":"converted to Christianity","incorrectText3":"freed from serfdom"}, {"itemType":"QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD","questionText":"Prior to the Protestant Reformation, the medieval church in western Europe was criticized for","correctAnswerText":"being too concerned with worldly power and riches","incorrectText1":"sponsoring explorations to the Middle East","incorrectText2":"allowing the Bible to be printed and distributed to the people","incorrectText3":"refusing to sell indulgences to peasants"}, {"itemType":"IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU","questionText":"The expeditions of Hern�n Cort�s and Francisco Pizarro resulted in the","correctAnswerText":"destruction of the Aztec and Inca empires","incorrectText1":"capture of Brazil by Portugal","incorrectText2":"colonization of North America by Portugal","incorrectText3":"exploration of the Philippines and East Indies"}, {"itemType":"9150158FNA5XOVV","questionText":"One reason Italy and Germany were not major colonial powers in the 16th and 17th centuries was that they","correctAnswerText":"lacked political unity","incorrectText1":"had self-sufficient economies","incorrectText2":"rejected the practice of imperialism","incorrectText3":"belonged to opposing alliances"}, {"itemType":"OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0","questionText":"One result of the Opium War was that China","correctAnswerText":"was divided into spheres of influence","incorrectText1":"adopted democratic reforms","incorrectText2":"gained control of Hong Kong","incorrectText3":"regained control of Manchuria"}, {"itemType":"UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U","questionText":". . . �From the beginning,� says Marquis Ito, �we realized fully how necessary it was that the Japanese people should not only adopt Western methods, but should also speedily become competent to do without the aid of foreign instruction and supervision. In the early days we brought many foreigners to Japan to help to introduce modern methods, but we always did it in such a way as to enable the Japanese students to take their rightful place in the nation after they had been educated.� . . . � Alfred Stead, Great Japan: A Study of National Efficiency, John Lane Co., 1906. Which occurrence in Japanese history is described in the passage?","correctAnswerText":"Meiji Restoration","incorrectText1":"Tokugawa shogunate","incorrectText2":"assimilation of Buddhism","incorrectText3":"adoption of Confucian practices"}, {"itemType":"VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP","questionText":"� Japan resigns from the League of Nations, 1933 � Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis formed, 1936 � Japan invades China, 1937 � United States places embargo on scrap iron, steel, and oil exports to Japan, 1941. Which event occurred immediately after this series of developments?","correctAnswerText":"Pearl Harbor was attacked.","incorrectText1":"Manchuria became a Japanese protectorate.","incorrectText2":"The Japanese fleet was destroyed.","incorrectText3":"The atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima."}, {"itemType":"8UKFL9QB8570RXP","questionText":"�If I should die, think only this of me: That there�s some corner of a foreign field That is for ever England. There shall be In that rich earth a richer dust concealed; A dust whom England bore, shaped, made aware, Gave, once, her flowers to love, her ways to roam, A body of England�s, breathing English air, Washed by the rivers, blest by suns of home. . . .� � Rupert Brooke, �The Soldier�. Which idea is expressed in This excerpt from Brooke�s poem?","correctAnswerText":"nationalism","incorrectText1":"pacifism","incorrectText2":"neutrality","incorrectText3":"anarchy"}, {"itemType":"FX96LMXJUNBPTWL","questionText":"A major result of the Nuremberg trials after World War II was that","correctAnswerText":"Nazi political and military leaders were held accountable for their actions","incorrectText1":"Germany was divided into four zones of occupation","incorrectText2":"the United Nations was formed to prevent future acts of genocide","incorrectText3":"the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was established to stop the spread of communism"}, {"itemType":"4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW","questionText":"Which statement related to the recent history of Pakistan is an opinion?","correctAnswerText":"Pakistan would be better off if it was still part of India.","incorrectText1":"Pakistan gained its independence from Britain in 1947.","incorrectText2":"The majority of the people who live in Pakistan are Muslims.","incorrectText3":"Mohammed Ali Jinnah was a major leader in Pakistan�s independence movement."}, {"itemType":"FTV4F5OFSF293XL","questionText":"Which set of historical periods in European history is in the correct chronological order? A. Medieval Europe B. Italian Renaissance C. Golden Age of Greece D. Enlightenment","correctAnswerText":"C ? A ? B ? D","incorrectText1":"A ? B ? D ? C","incorrectText2":"C ? B ? D ? A","incorrectText3":"B ? A ? C ? D"}, {"itemType":"HI4X8VLDXB6CU97","questionText":"�. . . I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb. I have taken a moment here to rest, to steal a view of the glorious vista that surrounds me, to look back on the distance I have come. But I can rest only for a moment, for with freedom comes responsibilities, and I dare not linger, for my long walk is not yet ended.� � Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Little, Brown and Co., 1994. When Mandela referred to �climbing a great hill,� he was referring to the struggle to","correctAnswerText":"end apartheid in South Africa","incorrectText1":"modernize South Africa�s economy","incorrectText2":"end economic sanctions against South Africa","incorrectText3":"stop majority rule in South Africa"}, {"itemType":"38CTTRF38X7325C","questionText":"Which belief is shared by an African who practices animism and a Japanese who practices Shinto?","correctAnswerText":"Spirits exist in both living and nonliving things.","incorrectText1":"Only one God rules the universe.","incorrectText2":"Periodic fasting is essential to spiritual purity.","incorrectText3":"All suffering is caused by desire and selfishness."}, {"itemType":"BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9","questionText":"Which headline would most likely have appeared in a pamphlet during the Industrial Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"�Karl Marx Attacks Capitalism�","incorrectText1":"�Michelangelo Completes Sistine Chapel�","incorrectText2":"�Martin Luther Speaks Out Against Sale of Indulgences�","incorrectText3":"�John Locke Calls for the People to Choose the King�"}, {"itemType":"9UYVCNJEO4SL600","questionText":"Studying oral histories, archaeological evidence, and cultural histories are methods most often used by","correctAnswerText":"anthropologists","incorrectText1":"economists","incorrectText2":"philosophers","incorrectText3":"political scientists"}, {"itemType":"SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ","questionText":"The terms Brahma, dharma, and moksha are most closely associated with which religion?","correctAnswerText":"Hinduism","incorrectText1":"Judaism","incorrectText2":"Islam","incorrectText3":"animism"}, {"itemType":"FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP","questionText":"Carefully drawn calligraphy, Zen gardens, and the tea ceremony are examples of","correctAnswerText":"early Japanese culture","incorrectText1":"artifacts of Mansa Musa�s Timbuktu","incorrectText2":"the accomplishments of the Protestant Reformation","incorrectText3":"the achievements of Renaissance Florence"}, {"itemType":"YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3","questionText":"During the 1500s, technological advances in navigation, naval engineering, and mapmaking contributed directly to the start of the","correctAnswerText":"Age of Exploration","incorrectText1":"Gupta Empire","incorrectText2":"Mongol Empire","incorrectText3":"medieval guilds"}, {"itemType":"MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI","questionText":"The revival of Greek and Roman culture, the economic growth of Italian city-states in the 1400s, and the development of humanism were aspects of the","correctAnswerText":"European Renaissance","incorrectText1":"Age of Revolutions","incorrectText2":"Protestant Reformation","incorrectText3":"spread of Islam"}, {"itemType":"A9BBHEWS99VQPQG","questionText":"A direct result of the conquest of Tenochtitl�n by Hern�n Cort�s in 1521 was the","correctAnswerText":"fall of the Aztec Empire","incorrectText1":"expulsion of Jews and Muslims from Spain","incorrectText2":"establishment of Portuguese trade routes around Africa","incorrectText3":"conquest of the Kush Kingdom"}, {"itemType":"HWHPLOAQRN459YD","questionText":"The spread of Islam into the kingdoms of Ghana and Mali resulted from","correctAnswerText":"cultural diffusion","incorrectText1":"imperialism","incorrectText2":"ethnocentrism","incorrectText3":"self-determination"}, {"itemType":"ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH","questionText":"One similarity of the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment is that both","correctAnswerText":"emphasized the value of human reasoning","incorrectText1":"had the support of the Roman Catholic Church","incorrectText2":"placed great value on traditional beliefs","incorrectText3":"contributed to the end of feudalism"}, {"itemType":"PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3","questionText":"�Americans today, and perhaps to a greater extent than ever before, who live within the Spanish system, occupy a position in society no better than that of serfs destined for labor, or at best they have no more status than that of mere consumers. . . .� This quotation, written in September 1815, represents the views of","correctAnswerText":"Sim�n Bol�var","incorrectText1":"Martin Luther","incorrectText2":"Catherine the Great","incorrectText3":"Adam Smith"}, {"itemType":"M32KSEKMXP9VM9H","questionText":"Which 19th century ideology led to the unification of Germany and of Italy and to the eventual breakup of Austria-Hungary and of the Ottoman Empire?","correctAnswerText":"nationalism","incorrectText1":"imperialism","incorrectText2":"liberalism","incorrectText3":"socialism"}, {"itemType":"9NK0N52O2K7MILW","questionText":"The Meiji Restoration in Japan was prompted in part by","correctAnswerText":"a fear that Japan would be colonized by western nations","incorrectText1":"the failure of Japanese expansion","incorrectText2":"the Shogun�s conversion to Christianity","incorrectText3":"a desire to stay isolated"}, {"itemType":"ACVORE5RIFGXI9T","questionText":"Growing nationalism and militarism in Europe and the creation of secret alliances were","correctAnswerText":"causes of World War I","incorrectText1":"reasons for the rise of democracy","incorrectText2":"requirements for economic development","incorrectText3":"reasons for the collapse of communism"}, {"itemType":"W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG","questionText":"The Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931 and Hitler�s rebuilding of the German military in 1935 demonstrate the","correctAnswerText":"failure of the League of Nations","incorrectText1":"success of defensive alliances","incorrectText2":"fear of communist expansion","incorrectText3":"support for the Treaty of Versailles"}, {"itemType":"0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ","questionText":"Which action illustrates the concept of genocide?","correctAnswerText":"the Nazi armies eliminating the Jews and other groups as part of Adolf Hitler�s Final Solution","incorrectText1":"the British negotiating peace with Adolf Hitler during the 1938 Munich Conference","incorrectText2":"Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin signing a nonaggression pact in 1939","incorrectText3":"German generals plotting against Adolf Hitler"}, {"itemType":"LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z","questionText":"The Truman Doctrine, Korean War, crisis in Guatemala, and Soviet invasion of Afghanistan were all","correctAnswerText":"events of the Cold War","incorrectText1":"reasons for the Industrial Revolution","incorrectText2":"examples of Japanese imperialism","incorrectText3":"causes of World War II"}, {"itemType":"6J6SIRWPNI6IONR","questionText":"�In response to the nuclear tests, people in New Delhi took to the streets lighting firecrackers, thanking Hindu gods, and crying out, �Bharat Mata Jai!� (Victory to Mother India).� �President Bill Clinton decided tonight to impose economic sanctions on India�s government for detonating three underground nuclear explosions.�. Which statement is supported by these two news excerpts?","correctAnswerText":"People in India and the United States have reacted very differently to India�s nuclear test.","incorrectText1":"India is falling behind in the race to develop nuclear weapons.","incorrectText2":"The United States officially suppor","incorrectText3":"India�s development of nuclear weapons will improve chances for peace in the region."}, {"itemType":"JOJC5JND6O7R6NH","questionText":"Since the 1960s, famine in many parts of the world has been reduced by","correctAnswerText":"the Green Revolution","incorrectText1":"increased urbanization","incorrectText2":"global warming","incorrectText3":"laissez-faire capitalism"}, {"itemType":"TX38PQXUNZK77UN","questionText":"Developments in European History A Protestant Reformation B Feudal Period C Industrial Revolution D Neolithic Revolution. Which set of events is listed in The correct chronological order?","correctAnswerText":"D ? B ? A ? C","incorrectText1":"C ? A ? B ? D","incorrectText2":"D ? C ? B ? A","incorrectText3":"B ? D ? A ? C"}, {"itemType":"IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW","questionText":"Mahatma Gandhi and Jomo Kenyatta were similar in that both","correctAnswerText":"sought to gain independence from Great Britain","incorrectText1":"supported colonial policies","incorrectText2":"led a worldwide boycott of British goods","incorrectText3":"used violent revolution to achieve their aims"}, {"itemType":"B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68","questionText":"� Sunnis and Shiites have different views about who should lead the Muslim faith. � Today some Hindus follow caste rules more closely than others do. � Most Buddhists belong to one of two main sects. � Christianity is practiced by both Catholics and Protestants. Which generalization is supported by the information in these four statements?","correctAnswerText":"In many religions, a range of beliefs often exists.","incorrectText1":"A belief in a god is common to all religions.","incorrectText2":"A hierarchy of leadership exists in all religions.","incorrectText3":"Religion is becoming less important to people."}, {"itemType":"Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV","questionText":"Which quotation from the teachings of Confucius is most similar to the Golden Rule from Judeo- Christian teaching?","correctAnswerText":"�Do not do to others what you do not wish for yourself.�","incorrectText1":"�If a ruler is upright, all will go well without orders.�","incorrectText2":"�By nature, men are pretty much alike. It is learning and practice that set them apart.�","incorrectText3":"�While a father or mother is alive, a son should not travel far.�"}, {"itemType":"0WK63DOOS2FXIQR","questionText":"�The countries beyond the horizon and from the ends of the Earth have all become subjects and to the most western of the western or the most northern of the northern countries however far away they may be.� � Ming dynasty official. The intent of this statement about the Ming dynasty was to","correctAnswerText":"demonstrate supremacy and strength in China","incorrectText1":"control the Mongols","incorrectText2":"stop European imperialism","incorrectText3":"impose Chinese culture and slavery on neighboring countries"}, {"itemType":"LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y","questionText":"Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo were similar in that both","correctAnswerText":"produced written records of their extensive travels","incorrectText1":"ruled over vast empires that included diverse peoples","incorrectText2":"converted thousands of people to Christianity","incorrectText3":"fought to free their people from Mongol rule"}, {"itemType":"WA72MFJ0LXADZMV","questionText":"�Tedious were it to recount, how citizen avoided citizen, how among neighbours was scarce found any that shewed fellow-feeling for another, how kinsfolk held aloof, and never met, or but rarely; enough that this sore affliction entered so deep into the minds of men and women, that in the horror thereof brother was forsaken by brother, nephew by uncle, brother by sister, and oftentimes husband by wife; nay, what is more, and scarcely to be believed, fathers and mothers were found to abandon their own children, untended, unvisited, to their fate, as if they had been strangers. . . .� � Giovanni Boccaccio, The Decameron. The author of This passage was describing The","correctAnswerText":"breakdown of social order during the bubonic plague","incorrectText1":"power of special courts during the Inquisition","incorrectText2":"treatment of native peoples in Latin American nations","incorrectText3":"outcome of the famine in Ireland in the 1890s"}, {"itemType":"F4PB21EHTG20GMV","questionText":"One way Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII were similar is that they all were","correctAnswerText":"Reformation leaders","incorrectText1":"Latin American revolutionary leaders","incorrectText2":"Impressionist painters","incorrectText3":"divine right monarchs"}, {"itemType":"RQFKPE3OR6A25JD","questionText":"Which list of French leaders is in the correct chronological order?","correctAnswerText":"Louis XVI ? Robespierre ? Napoleon","incorrectText1":"Louis XVI ? Napoleon ? Robespierre","incorrectText2":"Robespierre ? Napoleon ? Louis XVI","incorrectText3":"Napoleon ? Louis XVI ? Robespierre"}, {"itemType":"I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ","questionText":"The White Man�s Burden Take up the White Man�s burden� Send forth the best ye breed� Go bind your sons to exile To serve your captives� need; To wait, in heavy harness On fluttered folk and wild� Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half-devil and half-child. � Rudyard Kipling, 1899.    The message of This poem was used by many Europeans to justify","correctAnswerText":"imperialism","incorrectText1":"industrialism","incorrectText2":"feudalism","incorrectText3":"fascism"}, {"itemType":"6KQZN538LCU7K9W","questionText":"Which social class controlled most of the political, economic, and social power in colonial Latin America?","correctAnswerText":"peninsulares","incorrectText1":"creoles","incorrectText2":" mestizos","incorrectText3":"native people"}, {"itemType":"XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG","questionText":"�A civilized, international dress is worthy and appropriate for our nation, and we will wear it. Boots or shoes on our feet, trousers on our legs, shirt and tie, jacket and waistcoat�and of course, to complete these, a cover with a brim on our heads. I want to make this clear. This head-covering is called �hat�.� � Kemal Atat�rk. The clothing rules established by Kemal Atat�rk indicated that he wanted Turkey to","correctAnswerText":"westernize its society","incorrectText1":"retain its traditional culture","incorrectText2":"give women equal rights","incorrectText3":"establish Islamic fundamentalism"}, {"itemType":"LFNB87QHK1KPSO1","questionText":"During World War II, which event occurred last?","correctAnswerText":"United States bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki","incorrectText1":"German invasion of Poland","incorrectText2":"Russian defense of Stalingrad","incorrectText3":"Japanese invasion of Manchuria"}, {"itemType":"YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1","questionText":"After World War II, the Soviet Union maintained control of many Eastern European nations mainly because these nations were","correctAnswerText":"extensions of communist power","incorrectText1":"a source of new technology and skilled labor","incorrectText2":"near warm-water ports on the Mediterranean Sea","incorrectText3":"members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)"}, {"itemType":"34BUUBUS07QUA6M","questionText":"One similarity in the actions of Ho Chi Minh and Jomo Kenyatta was that both leaders","correctAnswerText":"led nationalist movements","incorrectText1":"introduced Western ideas to their societies","incorrectText2":"established democratic forms of government","incorrectText3":"supported separation of church and state"}, {"itemType":"NORRDWZROR868GG","questionText":"Which statement about the spread of nuclear weapons is a fact rather than an opinion?","correctAnswerText":"The United States and Russia signed the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaties during the 1970s.","incorrectText1":"Nations possessing nuclear weapons should not have to limit the production of weapons.","incorrectText2":"The spread of nuclear weapons was a smaller problem in the 1990s than it was in the 1970s.","incorrectText3":"Only developing nations are concerned about the spread of nuclear weapons."}, {"itemType":"20E6K97FCPOIUK3","questionText":"� Invention of the compass and astrolabe � European dependence on spices from Asia � Rise of nation-states in Europe. These developments influenced the start of the","correctAnswerText":"Age of Exploration","incorrectText1":"Crusades","incorrectText2":"Reformation","incorrectText3":"Renaissance"}, {"itemType":"B7PFLDEF4F7G29R","questionText":"� Buddhism is introduced into Japan around A.D. 1200. � Islam extends from the Middle East into Spain by A.D. 732. � Catholic and Protestant missionaries bring Christianity to Africa in the 1800s. Each of these statements reflects the concept of","correctAnswerText":"cultural diffusion","incorrectText1":"civil disobedience","incorrectText2":"urbanization","incorrectText3":"isolationism"}, {"itemType":"5MH112LCJ8OZFJM","questionText":"In which field of study do people learn about the development of early human beings?","correctAnswerText":"anthropology","incorrectText1":"economics","incorrectText2":"political science","incorrectText3":"cartography"}, {"itemType":"QSACQ30L9JIL10F","questionText":"Which document is an example of a primary source?","correctAnswerText":"a diary of a Holocaust survivor","incorrectText1":"a novel on the Age of Discovery","incorrectText2":"a textbook on Latin American history","incorrectText3":"an encyclopedia article on Songhai culture"}, {"itemType":"9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ","questionText":"China under the Han dynasty and the Roman Empire were similar in that both grew wealthy because they","correctAnswerText":"developed extensive trade networks","incorrectText1":"created classless societies","incorrectText2":"encouraged democratic ideals","incorrectText3":"established free-market economies"}, {"itemType":"CRTDFM43DP4R453","questionText":"Judaism, Islam, and Christianity share a belief in","correctAnswerText":"an ethical code of conduct and monotheism","incorrectText1":"papal supremacy","incorrectText2":"teachings of the Koran (Quran)","incorrectText3":"reincarnation and the Four Noble Truths"}, {"itemType":"FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR","questionText":"�. . . Christian warriors, He who gave His life for you, today demands yours in return. These are combats worthy of you, combats in which it is glorious to conquer and advantageous to die. Illustrious knights, generous defenders of the Cross, remember the examples of your fathers who conquered Jerusalem, and whose names are inscribed in Heaven; abandon then the things that perish, to gather unfading palms, and conquer a Kingdom which has no end.� � St. Bernard of Clairvaux. This statement was most likely used to encourage people to","correctAnswerText":"join the Crusades","incorrectText1":"repel a Viking invasion","incorrectText2":"stop advancement of the Huns in Europe","incorrectText3":"force Russians to convert to Catholicism"}, {"itemType":"IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0","questionText":"The Renaissance in western Europe is best described as a period marked by","correctAnswerText":"great intellectual and artistic creativity","incorrectText1":"unquestioned reliance on the teachings of Aristotle","incorrectText2":"an advance of Muslim culture","incorrectText3":"Christian unity throughout the region"}, {"itemType":"6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP","questionText":"�. . . The King is a declared enemy of the Jews. He will not allow any to live in the city. If he hears it said that a Berber merchant frequents them or does business with them, he confiscates his goods. There are in Timbuktu numerous judges, teachers, and priests, all properly appointed by the king. He greatly honors learning. Many handwritten books imported from Barbary are also sold. There is more profit made from this commerce than from all other merchandise. . . .� � Leo Africanus, The Description of Africa, 1526. This passage suggests Timbuktu was a city that","correctAnswerText":"emphasized literacy and trade","incorrectText1":"participated frequently in war","incorrectText2":"protected the human rights of all citizens","incorrectText3":"selected political leaders through democratic elections"}, {"itemType":"5WFRV6D1AF857M2","questionText":"After contact with Europeans in the 1500s, millions of native peoples in the Americas died as a result of","correctAnswerText":"new diseases to which the native peoples had no natural immunity","incorrectText1":"new foods, which the native peoples could not digest","incorrectText2":"religious persecution resulting from the Spanish Inquisition","incorrectText3":"slavery and the terrible conditions on their sea journey to Europe"}, {"itemType":"ICALETH1G91HXTE","questionText":"The writings of the 18th-century French philosophers Diderot, Rousseau, and Voltaire influenced the","correctAnswerText":"policies of the enlightened despots","incorrectText1":"start of the Neolithic Revolution","incorrectText2":"success of the German unification movement","incorrectText3":"spread of imperialism to Africa and Asia"}, {"itemType":"6HN4D643RTBD5SO","questionText":"Lenin�s promise of �Peace, Land, Bread� during the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 was made in an effort to","correctAnswerText":"gain popular support to overthrow the government","incorrectText1":"end France�s occupation of Russia","incorrectText2":"restore Czar Nicholas II to power","incorrectText3":"resolve conflicts between farmers of diverse ethnic backgrounds"}, {"itemType":"5KYWZNHEGDGC56G","questionText":"Since the late 1940s, Northern Ireland, India, and Israel have all faced which common problem?","correctAnswerText":"continued violent confrontations between different religious groups","incorrectText1":"the need to adjust to a post-communist political system","incorrectText2":"economic depression that resulted from rapid industrialization","incorrectText3":"overpopulation of urban centers"}, {"itemType":"5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK","questionText":"One reason that Britain and France agreed to appease Hitler at the Munich Conference was to","correctAnswerText":"prevent the start of another world war","incorrectText1":"stop the Nazis from invading the Soviet Union","incorrectText2":"obey an order from the League of Nations","incorrectText3":"obtain advanced German military weapons in exchange"}, {"itemType":"8L2TET9XHNDJDY6","questionText":"A. Atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. B. Allies invade Europe on D-Day. C. Germany invades Poland. D. Japanese attack Pearl Harbor. which sequence shows the correct chronological order of these World War II events, from earliest to latest?","correctAnswerText":"C ? D ? B ? A","incorrectText1":"A ? B ? C ? D","incorrectText2":"B ? A ? D ? C","incorrectText3":"D ? C ? A ? B"}, {"itemType":"GON3JDO53HYHEHP","questionText":"The United Nations was created primarily to","correctAnswerText":"provide a means of solving international problems","incorrectText1":"prosecute persons accused of war crimes","incorrectText2":"contain the spread of communism","incorrectText3":"channel relief aid to war-torn nations"}, {"itemType":"17S7REU8QQJYUYZ","questionText":"Pol Pot, Joseph Stalin, and Slobodan Milosevic were similar in that each leader supported actions that","correctAnswerText":"violated human rights","incorrectText1":"modernized their economies","incorrectText2":"introduced democratic ideas","incorrectText3":"supported minority rights"}, {"itemType":"11Y568S0S231L12","questionText":"What is the primary reason that increasing numbers of Latin American citizens have immigrated to the United States over the last three decades?","correctAnswerText":"hope for economic opportunities","incorrectText1":"escape from the threat of communism","incorrectText2":"desire for religious freedom","incorrectText3":"fear of natural disasters"}, {"itemType":"A21ZEU2LRRWODOM","questionText":"The spread of Buddhist ideas and customs to China and Southeast Asia was the result of","correctAnswerText":"cultural diffusion","incorrectText1":"the Mandate of Heaven","incorrectText2":"economic dependence","incorrectText3":"the civil service system"}, {"itemType":"6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ","questionText":"Meiji reformers of Japan and Peter the Great of Russia were similar in that both emphasized","correctAnswerText":"westernization","incorrectText1":"socialism","incorrectText2":"isolationism","incorrectText3":"democratization"}, {"itemType":"LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0","questionText":"The Sepoy Mutiny in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China were responses to","correctAnswerText":"European imperialism","incorrectText1":"Mongol invasions","incorrectText2":"Japanese aggression","incorrectText3":"African slave trading"}, {"itemType":"4M68F8AH54RB0JZ","questionText":"Which statement is accurate about the Hungarian Revolution in 1956 and the Tiananmen Square demonstrations in 1989?","correctAnswerText":"Repressive action was taken to end both protests.","incorrectText1":"These events led to democratic reforms.","incorrectText2":"Strong action was taken by the United Nations.","incorrectText3":"Both events brought communist governments to power."}, {"itemType":"R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ","questionText":"One way in which the Han dynasty and the Roman Empire were similar is that both","correctAnswerText":"promoted unity and communication by building a strong system of roads","incorrectText1":"governed large areas around the Mediterranean Sea","incorrectText2":"created democratic societies in which people elected their government officials","incorrectText3":"developed a social system in which great equality existed"}]},
{
"itemId": "8E5D2B25F210BFE71827EA3",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "geography set 1",
"navBarTitleText": "geography set 1",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{"itemType":"FU9DRRDLASG0B18","questionText":"The creation of independent city-states in ancient Greece can be most directly attributed to the","correctAnswerText":"rugged mountainous terrain","incorrectText1":"diverse ethnic groups in the region","incorrectText2":"large number of different languages","incorrectText3":"practice of oligarchy"}, {"itemType":"29V66H94IK4K1K5","questionText":"Which river is most closely associated with Hinduism?","correctAnswerText":"Ganges","incorrectText1":"Nile","incorrectText2":"Tigris","incorrectText3":"Yellow"}, {"itemType":"MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0","questionText":"Which geographic factor best explains China�s ability to influence the cultural development of Japan?","correctAnswerText":"location","incorrectText1":"navigable rivers","incorrectText2":"tropical climate","incorrectText3":"mountains"}, {"itemType":"MMPPPQTR96W85B9","questionText":"� Trade along the Silk Road enriched China in many ways. The Chinese sent silk, herbal medicines, ceramics, and other local products westward by caravan, and received exotic things in return. From Persia (modern-day Iran) and the Middle East, they received new kinds of musical instruments, and musicians to play them, as well as gold and silver cups, bowls, and vases. From India they imported cotton cloth. From Byzantium (the eastern capital of the Roman Empire, today the city of Istanbul in Turkey) came glassware and jewelry. Chinese merchants also traded some of these imported goods eastward to Korea and Japan.� �Des Forges and Major, The Asian World: 600-1500.     Based on this passage, the Silk Road made it possible for the Chinese to import cotton cloth from","correctAnswerText":"India","incorrectText1":"Persia","incorrectText2":"Japan","incorrectText3":"the Roman Empire"}, {"itemType":"V1LX77TKH98RRK5","questionText":"A key reason the Incas were able to control their large empire was that they","correctAnswerText":"built a road system to connect distant areas and to move armies","incorrectText1":"outlawed human sacrifice","incorrectText2":"formed a democratic government","incorrectText3":"promoted literacy and mass education programs to teach loyalty to their subjects"}, {"itemType":"9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL","questionText":"Which geographic feature is located in Latin America?","correctAnswerText":"Amazon River","incorrectText1":"rain forest of the Congo","incorrectText2":"Himalaya Mountains","incorrectText3":"plateau of Tibet"}, {"itemType":"W8NPG9KNA7FY64R","questionText":"What was one reason the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain?","correctAnswerText":"Abundant natural resources were available in Great Britain.","incorrectText1":"The government of Great Britain implemented a series of five-year plans.","incorrectText2":"Great Britain had alliances with most European countries.","incorrectText3":"The practice of serfdom in Great Britain provided an abundance of laborers."}, {"itemType":"W51PW4MEE1QROQ1","questionText":"The Berlin Conference is most closely associated with the colonialization of","correctAnswerText":"Africa","incorrectText1":"South Asia","incorrectText2":"Latin America","incorrectText3":"East Asia"}, {"itemType":"5XGL523ABIUTY7R","questionText":"A major reason for Japan�s foreign policy in Asia during the early 20th century was to","correctAnswerText":"obtain natural resources","incorrectText1":"spread Shinto beliefs","incorrectText2":"reduce military expenses","incorrectText3":"promote democracy"}, {"itemType":"4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT","questionText":"What was one concern associated with both the Korean War and the Vietnam War?","correctAnswerText":"Communism would spread through eastern and southeastern Asia.","incorrectText1":"Kim Jong Il and Ho Chi Minh possessed nuclear weapons.","incorrectText2":"French colonial rule would continue to influence the region.","incorrectText3":"Renewed Japanese imperialism would trigger another world war."}, {"itemType":"WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4","questionText":"Which country was the site of ethnic tensions and a civil war between the Hutu and Tutsi in the 1990s?","correctAnswerText":"Rwanda","incorrectText1":"Sudan","incorrectText2":"Tanzania","incorrectText3":"Kenya"}, {"itemType":"Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF","questionText":"Which action is a direct cause of desertification?","correctAnswerText":"removing vegetation through overgrazing","incorrectText1":"contaminating fresh water supplies","incorrectText2":"burning fossil fuels in factories","incorrectText3":"damming rivers to produce hydroelectricity"}, {"itemType":"3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5","questionText":"In the 14th century, the bubonic plague was primarily spread from Asia into Africa and Europe by","correctAnswerText":"traders and pilgrims during Pax Mongolia","incorrectText1":"sailors during Viking raids","incorrectText2":"enslaved Africans on the Middle Passage","incorrectText3":"missionaries during the European Age of Exploration"}, {"itemType":"XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4","questionText":"Which geographic circumstance affected the conduct of Russian foreign policy for centuries?","correctAnswerText":"lack of warm-water ports","incorrectText1":"frequent droughts","incorrectText2":"deforestation of the tundra","incorrectText3":"environmental damage caused by mining"}, {"itemType":"6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4","questionText":"During the Neolithic Revolution, production of a food surplus led directly to","correctAnswerText":"an increase in population","incorrectText1":"a nomadic lifestyle","incorrectText2":"a reliance on stone weaponry","incorrectText3":"a dependence on hunting and gathering"}, {"itemType":"C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC","questionText":"� Monsoons are relied upon throughout the country to provide water for growing crops. Heavy monsoons, however, can bring floods that often have a high death toll. These floods have been exacerbated [made worse] by deforestation of the hills for industrial and agricultural purposes. It is a fine balance between having plenty of water to flood the rice fields and having too much so that crops, homes, and even lives are lost. The alternative to the floods may be famines. However, India�s infrastructure can now deal successfully with these: When the monsoon fails in one area, the army is able to move supplies to the drought-stricken area. As a result of this organization, few lives were lost in the Maharashtra famines of 1965�66 and 1974�75, while more than two million people died in the Bengal famine of 1943. �Louise Nicholson, National Geographic Traveler: India, 2007.    Based on this passage, how have the negative effects of the monsoons been reduced In recent years?","correctAnswerText":"An improved infrastructure makes it possible to bring supplies to areas in need of help.","incorrectText1":"The army is building dams to hold back the floods.","incorrectText2":"Farmers have begun to grow crops that require less water.","incorrectText3":"Home construction in flood areas has been controlled by government regulations."}, {"itemType":"8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS","questionText":"Which geographic feature served as a barrier to political unity and encouraged the rise of independent city-states in ancient Greece?","correctAnswerText":"mountain ranges","incorrectText1":"broad plains","incorrectText2":"navigable rivers","incorrectText3":"numerous ports"}, {"itemType":"IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ","questionText":"Increases in trade and commerce that occurred during the late Middle Ages in Europe resulted in","correctAnswerText":"the development of more towns and cities","incorrectText1":"lower living standards for guild members","incorrectText2":"a decline in rivalries between kings","incorrectText3":"an increase in the number of self-sufficient manors"}, {"itemType":"9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF","questionText":"The writings of both Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta inspired","correctAnswerText":"exploration and trade","incorrectText1":"important military expeditions","incorrectText2":"movements for political freedom","incorrectText3":"the spread of Islam to Southeast Asia"}, {"itemType":"HARJ6XE78XNCXSA","questionText":"Nanjing, Venice, and Mogadishu were powerful and influential cities in the 13th century because they all","correctAnswerText":"took advantage of the factors of location","incorrectText1":"developed agrarian-based economies","incorrectText2":"served as religious pilgrimage sites","incorrectText3":"established democratic governments"}, {"itemType":"8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A","questionText":"Which development is most closely associated with early Inca achievements?","correctAnswerText":"adapting a mountainous environment","incorrectText1":"inventing the wheel as a transportation device","incorrectText2":"improving iron weapons","incorrectText3":"Expanding global trade"}, {"itemType":"6RC5YZ1KHUU0465","questionText":"Between 1500 and 1750, which commercial products were produced on Latin American plantations using enslaved laborers?","correctAnswerText":"sugar and tobacco","incorrectText1":"corn and squash","incorrectText2":"bananas and tea","incorrectText3":"potatoes and wool"}, {"itemType":"BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM","questionText":"One effect of the British landlord system in Ireland in the mid-1800s and in India in the early 1900s was that these landlord systems","correctAnswerText":"contributed to famine and suffering","incorrectText1":"allowed local economies to prosper","incorrectText2":"emphasized food crops over mining","incorrectText3":"led to an agrarian revolution"}, {"itemType":"HSF4BRDGX2SXB69","questionText":"Commodore Matthew Perry is best known for taking which action?","correctAnswerText":"opening Japan to American and European influences","incorrectText1":"leading the British East India Company","incorrectText2":"rescuing Europeans during the Boxer Rebellion","incorrectText3":"justifying European spheres of influence in China"}, {"itemType":"9TINW08CRITM2N9","questionText":"Which geographic characteristic of Japan most influenced its decision to engage in imperialism in the early to mid-20th century?","correctAnswerText":"lack of natural resources","incorrectText1":"mountainous terrain","incorrectText2":"abundance of rivers","incorrectText3":"island location"}, {"itemType":"IR07J676OISB4HU","questionText":"What was a major reason the Soviet Union established satellite states in Eastern Europe after World War II?","correctAnswerText":"creating a buffer zone against future invasions","incorrectText1":"developing better trade relations with the West","incorrectText2":"participating in United Nations peacekeeping missions","incorrectText3":"controlling the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)"}, {"itemType":"DVK5QLN0B25CP5N","questionText":"Many conflicts in the Middle East during the post�World War II period have directly resulted from","correctAnswerText":"disputes related to Palestine","incorrectText1":"the dissolution of the Arab League","incorrectText2":"border clashes between Iran and China","incorrectText3":"the partition of Egypt"}, {"itemType":"V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY","questionText":"Which revolution led to increases in global food production as a result of using genetically altered seeds and large amounts of chemical fertilizers and pesticides?","correctAnswerText":"Green","incorrectText1":"Cultural","incorrectText2":"Scientific","incorrectText3":"Glorious"}, {"itemType":"KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I","questionText":"Which title best completes the partial outline below? I._______________________________ A. During the early 1800s, Napoleon Bonaparte�s grand army sweeps across eastern Europe. B. During World War I, Germany invades France through Belgium. C. During World War II, Germans blitzkrieg western Europe.","correctAnswerText":"Use of the Northern Plain for Conquest","incorrectText1":"Importance of Rivers as Invasion Routes","incorrectText2":"Stalemate of Trench Warfare","incorrectText3":"Role of Naval Blockades in Wars"}, {"itemType":"3S3OX0N305A2N1R","questionText":"The Europeans referred to China as the Far East. The Chinese referred to China as the Middle Kingdom. What do these terms illustrate?","correctAnswerText":"The point of view of people influences geographic labels.","incorrectText1":"The names of places refer to significant physical features.","incorrectText2":"Most people do not understand geography.","incorrectText3":"Place names sometimes commemorate important events."}, {"itemType":"OVVV5FJUTV71M45","questionText":"The primary reason ancient peoples of the Nile River valley built levees, dikes, and reservoirs was to","correctAnswerText":"increase agricultural production","incorrectText1":"purify sacred waters","incorrectText2":"create a shorter route to distant cities","incorrectText3":"defend against invaders"}, {"itemType":"YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP","questionText":"Mandate of Heaven, production of silk, and reverence for ancestors are all characteristics associated with civilizations in","correctAnswerText":"China","incorrectText1":"India","incorrectText2":"Greece","incorrectText3":"West Africa"}, {"itemType":"9ATK959C2RJDRXK","questionText":"Which country has acted as a cultural bridge between China and Japan?","correctAnswerText":"Korea","incorrectText1":"Philippines","incorrectText2":"Vietnam","incorrectText3":"Bangladesh"}, {"itemType":"I515USMBMX2R1D3","questionText":"After the fall of the Mongol Empire, which city emerged as the new political and cultural center of Russia?","correctAnswerText":"Moscow","incorrectText1":"Novgorod","incorrectText2":"Warsaw","incorrectText3":"Kiev"}, {"itemType":"9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI","questionText":"Speaker A: It was a combination of the Protestant wind and the island nature of our nation that protected us. Surely, Philip must be upset at his defeat. Speaker B: Our archipelago and divine winds have protected us once again. The Mongols may have taken China, but they cannot conquer us. Speaker C: To support our growing population, we must find a suitable way to farm. With floating gardens on our lake, we should be able to grow enough to meet our demand. Speaker D: We have connected highland and lowland areas by building networks of roads and bridges. We have also built terraces into our mountainsides to grow crops.                Which two speakers discuss how their society modified their environment?","correctAnswerText":"C and D","incorrectText1":"A and B","incorrectText2":" B and C","incorrectText3":"D and A"}, {"itemType":"EPCP98OYHVDOU4A","questionText":"Sim�n Bol�var, Toussaint L�Ouverture, and Jos� de San Mart�n are all associated with revolutions in","correctAnswerText":"Latin America","incorrectText1":"Africa","incorrectText2":"South Asia","incorrectText3":"Europe"}, {"itemType":"KICKKXSXUCGKDYT","questionText":"Japan expanded her empire in the 1930s and 1940s to include parts of","correctAnswerText":"China and Southeast Asia","incorrectText1":"eastern Europe and the Middle East","incorrectText2":"Turkey and the Soviet Union","incorrectText3":"Australia and India"}, {"itemType":"HQSUDLM4W56G5G3","questionText":"Which geographic factor enabled the German blitzkrieg to succeed?","correctAnswerText":"relatively flat terrain","incorrectText1":"swift running rivers","incorrectText2":"mountain ranges","incorrectText3":"tropical climate"}, {"itemType":"M6L7YCS6YVBNI48","questionText":"The 38th parallel in Korea and the 17th parallel in Vietnam were used to mark","correctAnswerText":"political divisions established between communist and noncommunist territories","incorrectText1":"boundaries created by mountain ranges","incorrectText2":"demarcation lines instituted by papal authority","incorrectText3":"territorial claims disputed between ethnic minorities"}, {"itemType":"TBIDXY8QT09WZDG","questionText":"Which region is most closely associated with the expansion of the Sahel and overgrazing in the savanna regions?","correctAnswerText":"Africa","incorrectText1":"South America ","incorrectText2":"China","incorrectText3":"Southeast Asia"}, {"itemType":"QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD","questionText":"One way in which the travels of Marco Polo and the voyages of Zheng He are similar is that both","correctAnswerText":"stimulated trade","incorrectText1":"established colonial territories","incorrectText2":"encouraged mass migrations","incorrectText3":"led to discoveries in Africa"}, {"itemType":"IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU","questionText":"Which nation is located on a peninsula?","correctAnswerText":"Saudi Arabia","incorrectText1":"Brazil","incorrectText2":"Philippines","incorrectText3":"Austria"}, {"itemType":"9150158FNA5XOVV","questionText":"The Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra were important to ancient India because they were","correctAnswerText":"great rivers that flowed through India�s fertile northern plain","incorrectText1":"high mountain ranges that protected India from invasion","incorrectText2":"Aryan gods to whom the priests prayed for rain","incorrectText3":"ruling dynasties that united the people of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro"}, {"itemType":"OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0","questionText":"China, Korea, and Japan share cultural similarities in part due to their","correctAnswerText":"contacts through trade","incorrectText1":"clashes with Russian imperialists","incorrectText2":"shared river systems","incorrectText3":"unification under Mongol rule"}, {"itemType":"UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U","questionText":"In general, in which direction did the Black Death spread during the 14th century?","correctAnswerText":"from Asia to Europe","incorrectText1":"from Europe to the Americas","incorrectText2":"from Africa to Southeast Asia","incorrectText3":"from the Americas to Asia"}, {"itemType":"VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP","questionText":"probably the most celebrated Mayanist of his day, espoused [argued for] what is still the best-known theory: The Maya collapsed because they overshot the carrying capacity of their environment. They exhausted their resource base, began to die of starvation and thirst, and fled their cities en masse, leaving them as silent warnings of the perils of ecological hubris [overconfidence].� � Charles C. Mann, 1491: New Revelations of the Americas Before Columbus.    According to this passage, what was a major question Morley was trying to answer about the Mayas in the 1930s?","correctAnswerText":"Why did the Mayas abandon their cities?","incorrectText1":"What was the structure of the Maya governments?","incorrectText2":"How did religious beliefs affect the Maya economy?","incorrectText3":"Which neighboring city-state conquered the Mayas?"}, {"itemType":"8UKFL9QB8570RXP","questionText":"The Encounter occurred as a result of European explorers crossing the","correctAnswerText":"Atlantic Ocean","incorrectText1":"Sahara Desert","incorrectText2":"Andes Mountains","incorrectText3":"Mediterranean Sea"}, {"itemType":"FX96LMXJUNBPTWL","questionText":"Which geographic feature most aided England during the Industrial Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"natural harbors","incorrectText1":"desert climate","incorrectText2":"mountainous terrain","incorrectText3":"monsoon winds"}, {"itemType":"4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW","questionText":"Mass starvation in Ireland in the 1840s led directly to the","correctAnswerText":"migration of people overseas","incorrectText1":"formation of communes","incorrectText2":"granting of independence","incorrectText3":"usage of petrochemical fertilizers"}, {"itemType":"FTV4F5OFSF293XL","questionText":"The establishment of the independent countries of Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Yugoslavia was the result of","correctAnswerText":"World War I","incorrectText1":"the Franco-Prussian War","incorrectText2":"the Berlin Conference","incorrectText3":"the Munich Pact"}, {"itemType":"HI4X8VLDXB6CU97","questionText":"Which geographic factor was most significant in helping the Soviet Union withstand German attacks in World War II?","correctAnswerText":"Distance and harsh winters disrupted German supply lines.","incorrectText1":"Extensive food-producing areas kept the Soviet armies well fed.","incorrectText2":"Numerous ports along the Arctic Sea allowed for the refueling of Soviet transport ships.","incorrectText3":"The Ural Mountains served as a barrier to advancing German armies."}, {"itemType":"38CTTRF38X7325C","questionText":"Which geographic region has the greatest number of members in the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)?","correctAnswerText":"Middle East","incorrectText1":"South America","incorrectText2":"Southeast Asia","incorrectText3":"sub-Saharan Africa "}, {"itemType":"BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9","questionText":"The Neolithic Revolution is most closely associated with","correctAnswerText":"domesticating plants and animals","incorrectText1":"using child labor in factories","incorrectText2":"learning to control fire","incorrectText3":"developing iron technology"}, {"itemType":"9UYVCNJEO4SL600","questionText":"�River of Sorrows Floods Again� �Thousands Missing After Huang He Overflows� �Over 10 Million Reported Homeless After 1931 Flooding� These newspaper headlines describe the effects of geography on the people of","correctAnswerText":"China","incorrectText1":"India","incorrectText2":"Japan","incorrectText3":"Vietnam"}, {"itemType":"SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ","questionText":"Which major geographic feature has hindered cultural diffusion between India and China?","correctAnswerText":"Himalaya Mountains","incorrectText1":"Gobi Desert","incorrectText2":"Deccan Plateau","incorrectText3":"Great Rift Valley"}, {"itemType":"FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP","questionText":"Historically, the Huang He has also been known as the �River of Sorrows� because","correctAnswerText":"floods have destroyed crops and villages","incorrectText1":"frozen ports have made trade difficult","incorrectText2":"cataracts have made transportation impossible","incorrectText3":"burials have taken place at the sacred waters"}, {"itemType":"YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3","questionText":"Which geographic factor enabled the cities of Nanjing and Mogadishu to develop into powerful trading centers?","correctAnswerText":"location on waterways","incorrectText1":"abundance of natural resources","incorrectText2":"predictable rainfall from the monsoon cycle","incorrectText3":"access to mountain passes"}, {"itemType":"MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI","questionText":"Objects Discovered off the Java Coast in the 10th-Century Cirebon Shipwreck.                                                                                                                                                           � Emerald green Islamic glass � Chinese porcelain decorated with dragons and birds � Jeweled gold-plated Arabian ceremonial daggers � Bronze religious objects with Hindu and Buddhist symbols            What does this archaeological find indicate about Southeast Asia during the 10th century?","correctAnswerText":"The region served as a crossroads between Arab and Chinese traders.","incorrectText1":"Religious objects from China were a major import.","incorrectText2":"Precious gems and metals were exported","incorrectText3":"Europeans dominated East Asian and Middle Eastern trade networks."}, {"itemType":"A9BBHEWS99VQPQG","questionText":"The practice of Islam throughout much of West Africa is evidence that","correctAnswerText":"Islam spread beyond the borders of the Arabian peninsula","incorrectText1":"Chinese trade carried Islamic beliefs to West Africa","incorrectText2":"Islam originated in West Africa and spread to the Middle East","incorrectText3":"Europeans encouraged Islamic beliefs during the colonial period"}, {"itemType":"HWHPLOAQRN459YD","questionText":"What was a major cause for the shift in European trade from the Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean during the late 1400s?","correctAnswerText":"Ottoman Turks seized control of Constantinople.","incorrectText1":"The Ming dynasty authorized Zheng He to make long-distance voyages.","incorrectText2":"The Tokugawa shogunate adopted an isolationist policy.","incorrectText3":"Christian crusaders captured Jerusalem."}, {"itemType":"ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH","questionText":"The location of the Inca civilization of South America demonstrates the","correctAnswerText":"ability of humans to adapt the environment","incorrectText1":"importance of trade with western Europe","incorrectText2":"influence of cultural diversity","incorrectText3":"complexity of indigenous belief systems"}, {"itemType":"PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3","questionText":"Which pair correctly links the region where Enlightenment ideas first developed to a region to which those ideas spread?","correctAnswerText":"western Europe ? the Americas","incorrectText1":"Asia ? eastern Europe","incorrectText2":"Africa ? southeastern Asia","incorrectText3":"eastern Africa ? India"}, {"itemType":"M32KSEKMXP9VM9H","questionText":"Which mountains were an obstacle to Sim�n Bol�var�s efforts to unify Gran Colombia?","correctAnswerText":"Andes","incorrectText1":"Alps","incorrectText2":"Zagros","incorrectText3":"Urals"}, {"itemType":"9NK0N52O2K7MILW","questionText":"Immediately after World War II, which country exerted political and economic control over Poland, Hungary, and Romania?","correctAnswerText":"Soviet Union","incorrectText1":"France","incorrectText2":"United States","incorrectText3":"Great Britain"}, {"itemType":"ACVORE5RIFGXI9T","questionText":"During the 20th century, in which area has deforestation been a significant environmental issue due to the expansion of industrial mining, the growth of corporate farms, and the development of new road networks?","correctAnswerText":"Amazon Basin","incorrectText1":"Sahara Desert","incorrectText2":"Tibetan Plateau","incorrectText3":"Ukrainian Steppe"}, {"itemType":"W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG","questionText":"�The deposits of fine sediment left by natural floods sustain the fertility of floodplain soils. The 5,000-year history of agriculture in the Nile Valley and delta of Egypt depended on the annual Nile River flood that left a veneer of new silt over the valley floor each year. Modern dams on the Nile � particularly the Aswan High Dam, which can store the entire annual flood � have destroyed the natural system of fertilization, necessitating huge imports of artificial fertilizers.� � Oberlander and Muller, Essentials of Physical Geography Today, Second Edition, Random House, 1987.   Based on this passage, a valid conclusion would be that","correctAnswerText":"technological advances sometimes create unforeseen problems","incorrectText1":"natural fertilizers are less effective than artificial fertilizers","incorrectText2":"yearly flooding is harmful to Egyptian agriculture","incorrectText3":"farmers in t"}, {"itemType":"0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ","questionText":"Which feature is considered a natural barrier?","correctAnswerText":"Great Rift Valley","incorrectText1":"Aswan Dam","incorrectText2":"Panama Canal","incorrectText3":"Great Wall of China"}, {"itemType":"LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z","questionText":"Which practice is closely associated with most ancient river valley civilizations?","correctAnswerText":"using irrigation systems","incorrectText1":"recording events in cave paintings","incorrectText2":"developing democratic traditions","incorrectText3":"spreading monotheistic religious customs"}, {"itemType":"6J6SIRWPNI6IONR","questionText":"Which group used the stirrup, skilled horsemanship, and siege warfare techniques to conquer much of Asia and part of Europe in the 12th and 13th centuries?","correctAnswerText":"Mongols","incorrectText1":"Japanese","incorrectText2":"Vikings","incorrectText3":"Persians"}, {"itemType":"JOJC5JND6O7R6NH","questionText":"Which statement concerning the influence of geography on Japan is most accurate?","correctAnswerText":"Japan�s location allowed selective borrowing from China.","incorrectText1":"Widespread mineral deposits led Japan to industrialize before England.","incorrectText2":"The lack of natural barriers made it easy to conquer Japan.","incorrectText3":"Large tracts of arable land made Japan a leading agricultural exporter."}, {"itemType":"TX38PQXUNZK77UN","questionText":"Which geographic region made up much of the Ottoman Empire?","correctAnswerText":"eastern Mediterranean Basin","incorrectText1":"Scandinavia","incorrectText2":"Iberian Peninsula","incorrectText3":"Indian Subcontinent"}, {"itemType":"IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW","questionText":"Historians frequently portray Louis XIV�s construction of the palace of Versailles and Peter the Great�s building of the city of Saint Petersburg as","correctAnswerText":"monuments to personal rule","incorrectText1":"shrines to religious beliefs","incorrectText2":"examples of colonial architectural influences","incorrectText3":"efforts to isolate and protect the ruler"}, {"itemType":"B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68","questionText":"During the 1800s, many Latin American countries were characterized by a","correctAnswerText":"reliance on cash crops","incorrectText1":"transition to command economies","incorrectText2":"redistribution of land to the peasants","incorrectText3":"withdrawal from the world market"}, {"itemType":"Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV","questionText":"Which description of trade patterns best represents the relationship between Africa and Europe during the late 19th century?","correctAnswerText":"Raw materials were shipped from Africa to European industries.","incorrectText1":"Trans-Saharan trade caravans led by Europeans were the most profitable.","incorrectText2":"South Africa was of no interest to European traders.","incorrectText3":"Rivers were the key highways connecting Europeans to much of the African interior."}, {"itemType":"0WK63DOOS2FXIQR","questionText":"� We have already said that there are only three ways left to Japan to escape from the pressure of surplus population. We are like a great crowd of people packed into a small and narrow room, and there are only three doors through which we might escape, namely, emigration, advance into world markets, and expansion of territory. The first door, emigration, has been barred to us by the anti-Japanese immigration policies of other countries. The second door, advance into world markets, is being pushed shut by tariff barriers and the abrogation [cancellation] of commercial treaties. What should Japan do when two of the three doors have been closed against her? It is quite natural that Japan should rush upon the last remaining door.� � Hashimoto Kingoro�, 1939 Speech.   the author of this excerpt is presenting an argument for Japan to follow a policy of","correctAnswerText":"economic imperialism","incorrectText1":"self-restraint","incorrectText2":"isolation","incorrectText3":"urbanization"}, {"itemType":"LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y","questionText":"In the post�World War II period, which issue is most closely associated with the boundaries created for newly independent African countries?","correctAnswerText":"ethnic tensions","incorrectText1":"expansion of urban centers","incorrectText2":"spread of AIDS","incorrectText3":"drought-related famine"}, {"itemType":"WA72MFJ0LXADZMV","questionText":"Geopolitics play an important role in the Middle East today because of its","correctAnswerText":"strategic location and oil resources","incorrectText1":"fertile soil and favorable climate for cash crops","incorrectText2":"navigable rivers and diamond mines","incorrectText3":"effective natural barriers and high altitude"}, {"itemType":"F4PB21EHTG20GMV","questionText":"� Over farming and overgrazing on marginal lands � Extended droughts in the Sahel region � Wind erosion of topsoil. These situations have all contributed to","correctAnswerText":"desertification in sub-Saharan Africa","incorrectText1":"population growth in Southwest Asia","incorrectText2":"deforestation in South America","incorrectText3":"increased reliance on fossil fuels in Asia"}, {"itemType":"RQFKPE3OR6A25JD","questionText":"What was an important strategy used by both the Romans and the Incas to unify their empires?","correctAnswerText":"building a large network of roads and bridges","incorrectText1":"using powerful navies to protect sea trade routes","incorrectText2":" supporting free-market economies by minting silver coins","incorrectText3":"granting citizenship and voting rights to conquered peoples"}, {"itemType":"I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ","questionText":"Why is Southeast Asia considered a crossroads?","correctAnswerText":"A number of trade routes intersect.Large deposits of oil are available.","incorrectText1":"A single culture is dominant.","incorrectText2":"Rivers serve as highways.","incorrectText3":""}, {"itemType":"6KQZN538LCU7K9W","questionText":"Which name identifies the region located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers?","correctAnswerText":"Mesopotamia","incorrectText1":"Cape of Good Hope","incorrectText2":"Sinai Peninsula","incorrectText3":"Horn of Africa"}, {"itemType":"XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG","questionText":"Which geographic feature most directly influenced the development of Greek city-states?","correctAnswerText":"mountainous terrain","incorrectText1":"deserts","incorrectText2":"vast plains","incorrectText3":"monsoons"}, {"itemType":"LFNB87QHK1KPSO1","questionText":"Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta are best known for","correctAnswerText":"providing extensive information about lands and people","incorrectText1":"exploring the Western Hemisphere","incorrectText2":"leading religious movements","incorrectText3":"opening trade between Africa and Japan"}, {"itemType":"YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1","questionText":"The Ottomans were a strong trading empire through the mid-1600s because they","correctAnswerText":"controlled access to the eastern Mediterranean Sea","incorrectText1":"had the most powerful navy in the world","incorrectText2":"dominated West African caravan routes","incorrectText3":"conquered most of Asia"}, {"itemType":"34BUUBUS07QUA6M","questionText":"Which statement accurately reflects population changes that occurred as a result of the Age of Exploration?","correctAnswerText":"Most Latin American populations became more culturally diverse.","incorrectText1":"One third of Europe�s population died due to exposure to diseases from the Americas.","incorrectText2":"The introduction of goods from the Americas caused a decline in Asian populations.","incorrectText3":"Native Americans migrated to Africa causing increases in African populations."}, {"itemType":"NORRDWZROR868GG","questionText":"�Angry Mob Destroys Bastille� �Robespierre�s Execution Ends Reign of Terror� �Napoleon Seizes Power� Which country�s revolution is referred to in these headlines?","correctAnswerText":"France","incorrectText1":"Spain","incorrectText2":"Austria","incorrectText3":"Russia"}, {"itemType":"20E6K97FCPOIUK3","questionText":"What is one reason for Japan�s involvement in the first Sino-Japanese War and the annexation of Korea?","correctAnswerText":"pursuit of imperialistic goals","incorrectText1":"reaction to foreign invasions","incorrectText2":"institution of five-year plans","incorrectText3":"need for a warm-water port"}, {"itemType":"B7PFLDEF4F7G29R","questionText":"During World War II, the importance of the D-Day invasion of 1944 was that it","correctAnswerText":"forced Germany to fight on multiple fronts","incorrectText1":"made Germany move their military to the Russian front","incorrectText2":"ended the bombing of Germany","incorrectText3":"demonstrated German military dominance"}, {"itemType":"5MH112LCJ8OZFJM","questionText":"Which region is most closely associated with conflict in the West Bank, Golan Heights, and the Sinai Peninsula?","correctAnswerText":"Middle East","incorrectText1":"East Africa","incorrectText2":"Western Europe","incorrectText3":"Central Asia"}, {"itemType":"QSACQ30L9JIL10F","questionText":"In what way did the rivers of Russia influence its history?","correctAnswerText":"They provided a network for trade between the Byzantine Empire and Russia.","incorrectText1":"They allowed Japan to defeat Russia in the Russo-Japanese War.","incorrectText2":"They were used by Napoleon to invade Russia.","incorrectText3":"They gave the Mongols a route to conquer Russia."}, {"itemType":"9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ","questionText":"Which region is most closely associated with the event with which it is paired?","correctAnswerText":"Eastern Europe�Berlin Airlift","incorrectText1":"Central Africa�calling for the Crusades by Pope Urban II","incorrectText2":"East Asia�issuing of the Balfour Declaration","incorrectText3":"South America�Munich Conference "}, {"itemType":"CRTDFM43DP4R453","questionText":"Knowing the latitude of a location would be most helpful in determining","correctAnswerText":"temperature","incorrectText1":"language","incorrectText2":"population","incorrectText3":"time"}, {"itemType":"FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR","questionText":"Both Ibn Battuta and Mansa Musa demonstrated their religious values by","correctAnswerText":"making a pilgrimage to Mecca","incorrectText1":"meditating along the banks of the Ganges River","incorrectText2":"converting Africans to Christianity","incorrectText3":"visiting the wailing wall in Jerusalem"}, {"itemType":"IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0","questionText":"Which action is linked to the spread of the Black Death to Europe during the 14th century?","correctAnswerText":"trade with Asia","incorrectText1":"conquest of Japan","incorrectText2":"trade across the Sahara","incorrectText3":"exploration of the Western Hemisphere"}, {"itemType":"6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP","questionText":"� Captured the city of Constantinople in 1453 � Benefited from rich trade along the Mediterranean Sea � Ruled by Suleiman the Lawgiver. Which empire best fits these descriptions?","correctAnswerText":"Ottoman","incorrectText1":"Roman","incorrectText2":"Mongol","incorrectText3":"Songhai"}, {"itemType":"5WFRV6D1AF857M2","questionText":"What was one effect of the Columbian exchange on European society?","correctAnswerText":"The population increased with the introduction of new foods.","incorrectText1":"Migration to the Americas declined.","incorrectText2":"Horses were acquired for the first time.","incorrectText3":"The Christian Church was divided into Roman Catholic and Orthodox."}, {"itemType":"ICALETH1G91HXTE","questionText":"Which geographic condition contributed to the defeat of Napoleon�s troops during the invasion of Russia?","correctAnswerText":"harsh winter","incorrectText1":"drought","incorrectText2":"severe flooding","incorrectText3":"typhoons"}, {"itemType":"6HN4D643RTBD5SO","questionText":"Which pair of countries that gained independence in the 20th century experienced the migration of millions of people across their shared borders due to religious tensions?","correctAnswerText":"India and Pakistan","incorrectText1":"Czech Republic and Slovakia","incorrectText2":"Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan","incorrectText3":"Egypt and Libya"}, {"itemType":"5KYWZNHEGDGC56G","questionText":"The desire of the Kurds and of the Palestinians for independent states is based on the principle of","correctAnswerText":"nationalism","incorrectText1":"free trade","incorrectText2":"collective security","incorrectText3":"modernization"}, {"itemType":"5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK","questionText":"The southern edge of the Sahara is expanding in a process called","correctAnswerText":"desertification","incorrectText1":"annexation","incorrectText2":"conservation","incorrectText3":"desalination"}, {"itemType":"8L2TET9XHNDJDY6","questionText":"Transportation in the 1800s was revolutionized by the development of the","correctAnswerText":"steam engine","incorrectText1":"caravel","incorrectText2":"airplane","incorrectText3":"astrolabe"}]},
{
"itemId": "3877AD5DABE7C43C658A827",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "geography set 2",
"navBarTitleText": "geography set 2",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{"itemType":"FU9DRRDLASG0B18","questionText":"The imaginary line that divided the Western European countries from the Eastern European countries after World War II was known as the","correctAnswerText":"Iron Curtain","incorrectText1":"prime meridian","incorrectText2":"line of demarcation","incorrectText3":"Berlin Wall"}, {"itemType":"29V66H94IK4K1K5","questionText":"Use of terracing is an example of a society�s reaction to","correctAnswerText":"geographic conditions","incorrectText1":"religious beliefs","incorrectText2":"social stratification","incorrectText3":"political situations"}, {"itemType":"MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0","questionText":"Which geographic feature has helped isolate China?","correctAnswerText":"Himalaya Mountains","incorrectText1":" Andes Mountains","incorrectText2":"Kalahari Desert","incorrectText3":"Great Rift Valley"}, {"itemType":"MMPPPQTR96W85B9","questionText":"The development of which early civilization was influenced most directly by the Tigris River, the Zagros Mountains, and the Syrian Desert?","correctAnswerText":"Mesopotamian","incorrectText1":"Chinese","incorrectText2":"Egyptian","incorrectText3":"Maya"}, {"itemType":"V1LX77TKH98RRK5","questionText":"Which geographic factor affected the development of the Gupta Empire?","correctAnswerText":"monsoons","incorrectText1":"volcanoes","incorrectText2":"permafrost","incorrectText3":"island location"}, {"itemType":"9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL","questionText":"Which statement about the Sahara is most closely associated with the West African civilizations of Ghana and Mali?","correctAnswerText":"Salt mined in the Sahara was exchanged for gold.","incorrectText1":"Irrigation systems made it possible to farm in the Sahara.","incorrectText2":"Oases in the Sahara served as their capital cities.","incorrectText3":"The Sahara prevented the spread of Islam to the region."}, {"itemType":"W8NPG9KNA7FY64R","questionText":"One reason the Renaissance began in Italy was that Italian city-states","correctAnswerText":"dominated key Mediterranean trade routes","incorrectText1":"defeated the Spanish Armada","incorrectText2":"were unified as a nation under the Pope","incorrectText3":"were unaffected by the Commercial Revolution"}, {"itemType":"W51PW4MEE1QROQ1","questionText":"One way the Incas adapted their environment was by","correctAnswerText":"building a network of roads through the mountains","incorrectText1":"growing rice as a major agricultural product","incorrectText2":"establishing an encomienda system","incorrectText3":"creating floating gardens"}, {"itemType":"5XGL523ABIUTY7R","questionText":"� Irregular coastline � Abundant mineral resources � Large labor force � Investment capital.   Which country had these characteristics and used them to industrialize in the 1700s?","correctAnswerText":"Great Britain","incorrectText1":"Germany","incorrectText2":"Italy","incorrectText3":"Japan"}, {"itemType":"4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT","questionText":"In the 1950s, what was the status of most countries in Eastern Europe?","correctAnswerText":"satellites of the Soviet Union","incorrectText1":"members of the Common Market","incorrectText2":"participants in the Marshall Plan","incorrectText3":"allies of the United States"}, {"itemType":"WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4","questionText":"� Partition of India � Creation of the State of Israel � Division of Berlin. Which development directly resulted from each of these events?","correctAnswerText":"Large numbers of people migrated.","incorrectText1":"Nuclear weapons were developed.","incorrectText2":"Communist governments were established.","incorrectText3":"Ethnic tensions decreased."}, {"itemType":"Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF","questionText":"In Africa, a key factor that has led to desertification is the","correctAnswerText":"overgrazing of livestock","incorrectText1":"loss of animal species","incorrectText2":"burning of fossil fuels","incorrectText3":"disposal of toxic waste"}, {"itemType":"3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5","questionText":"Which movement of African people was primarily caused by changes in climate and vegetation?","correctAnswerText":"migration of the Bantu people out of West Africa in 1000 B.C.","incorrectText1":"journey of Mansa Musa�s followers to Mecca in 1324","incorrectText2":"resettlement of the Zulus within South Africa in 1843","incorrectText3":"flight of the Tutsis from Rwanda in 1994"}, {"itemType":"XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4","questionText":"Which situation was a result of the 1884 Berlin Conference?","correctAnswerText":"Africa was divided without regard to ethnic groups.","incorrectText1":"Monarchies were restored throughout Europe.","incorrectText2":"The slave trade with South America was eliminated.","incorrectText3":"The League of Nations was formed."}, {"itemType":"6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4","questionText":"Disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, creation of new nation-states in central Europe, and Germany�s loss of colonies were all consequences of","correctAnswerText":"World War I","incorrectText1":"the Napoleonic Wars","incorrectText2":"the Franco-Prussian War","incorrectText3":"World War II"}, {"itemType":"C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC","questionText":"A geographic similarity between Italy and India is that both of these countries are located","correctAnswerText":"on peninsulas","incorrectText1":"on archipelagos","incorrectText2":"between two oceans","incorrectText3":"south of the equator"}, {"itemType":"8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS","questionText":"The Indus and Huang He (Yellow) rivers are both closely associated with","correctAnswerText":"cradles of early civilization","incorrectText1":"border disputes","incorrectText2":"sacred biblical sites","incorrectText3":"oil discoveries"}, {"itemType":"IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ","questionText":"Which geographic factor has often made Korea a key region for those seeking to control East Asia?","correctAnswerText":"location","incorrectText1":"long coastline","incorrectText2":"mountains","incorrectText3":"climate"}, {"itemType":"9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF","questionText":"�. . . (It) brought the potato, the pineapple, the turkey, dahlias, sunflowers, magnolias, maize, chillies and chocolate across the Atlantic. On the other hand, tens of millions died in the pandemics of the 16th century, victims of smallpox, measles and the other diseases brought by Europeans (and don�t forget that the African slave trade was begun by the Europeans, to replace the work force they had decimated).�. . . � Michael Wood, BBC History (adapted).   Which historical development is being described in This quotation?","correctAnswerText":"Columbian exchange","incorrectText1":"establishment of the line of Demarcation","incorrectText2":"creation of the Hanseatic League","incorrectText3":"Glorious Revolution"}, {"itemType":"HARJ6XE78XNCXSA","questionText":"Many critics believe that the policy of the British government during the Irish Famine","correctAnswerText":"contributed to food shortages","incorrectText1":" ignored military concerns","incorrectText2":"discouraged emigration","incorrectText3":"led directly to civil war"}, {"itemType":"8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A","questionText":"Joseph Stalin�s policies in Ukraine during the 1930s directly resulted in","correctAnswerText":"widespread starvation","incorrectText1":"agricultural self-sufficiency","incorrectText2":"the development of cottage industries","incorrectText3":"the use of subsistence farming techniques"}, {"itemType":"6RC5YZ1KHUU0465","questionText":"�A Jewish State Is Created� �Six-Day War Results in Major Arab Losses� �Withdrawal Begins from West Bank�. Which situation is referred to in these headlines?","correctAnswerText":"conflict between Israelis and Palestinians","incorrectText1":"Persian Gulf War","incorrectText2":"Scramble for Africa","incorrectText3":"collapse of the Ottoman Empire"}, {"itemType":"BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM","questionText":"The establishment of a parliamentary democracy in India and the establishment of Portuguese as the official language of Brazil indicates that European colonizers","correctAnswerText":"influenced the culture of regions under their control","incorrectText1":"respected the governments of the indigenous peoples","incorrectText2":" promoted Protestant religions over native religions","incorrectText3":"studied local traditions before implementing policies"}, {"itemType":"HSF4BRDGX2SXB69","questionText":"As a result of discrimination during the 19th century, where were many Jews in eastern Europe forced to live?","correctAnswerText":"in urban ghettos","incorrectText1":"on collective farms","incorrectText2":"in fortified villages","incorrectText3":"in industrial areas"}, {"itemType":"9TINW08CRITM2N9","questionText":"� The Ming emperor banned the building of large oceangoing ships in 1433. � The Tokugawa shogun issued the Act of Seclusion in 1636. One way in which these historical occurrences are similar is that both led to increased","correctAnswerText":"isolation","incorrectText1":"social mobility","incorrectText2":"cultural diffusion","incorrectText3":"globalization"}, {"itemType":"IR07J676OISB4HU","questionText":"Which title best completes the partial outline below? I. _________________________________ A. Located in a region of volcanoes and earthquakes B. Has limited mineral resources C. Concentration of population in coastal plains","correctAnswerText":"Geographic Features of Japan","incorrectText1":"Environmental Challenges in Mongolia","incorrectText2":"Economic Issues Facing Saudi Arabia","incorrectText3":"Factors Affecting British Industrialization"}, {"itemType":"DVK5QLN0B25CP5N","questionText":"� The Ganges River is sacred to people practicing Hinduism. � Shinto shrines are usually located near mountains or lakes. � The Jordan River is a site of many Christian baptisms. Which conclusion is most valid based on these statements related to belief systems?","correctAnswerText":"Water plays an important role in these belief systems.","incorrectText1":"The Middle East was the birthplace of these belief systems.","incorrectText2":"Pilgrimages to mountainous regions are encouraged by these belief systems.","incorrectText3":"Understanding nature is a requirement of these belief systems."}, {"itemType":"V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY","questionText":"Korea has frequently served as a cultural bridge between","correctAnswerText":"China and Japan","incorrectText1":"Cambodia and Vietnam","incorrectText2":"Russia and India","incorrectText3":"Thailand and Indonesia"}, {"itemType":"KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I","questionText":"Which factor most influenced the development of diverse cultures in pre-Columbian South America?","correctAnswerText":"geographic features","incorrectText1":"trade agreements","incorrectText2":"imported religious ideas","incorrectText3":"peasant revolts"}, {"itemType":"3S3OX0N305A2N1R","questionText":". . . The Mongols made no technological breakthroughs, founded no new religions, wrote few books or dramas, and gave the world no new crops or methods of agriculture. Their own craftsmen could not weave cloth, cast metal, make pottery, or even bake bread. They manufactured neither porcelain nor pottery, painted no pictures, and built no buildings. Yet, as their army conquered culture after culture, they collected and passed all of these skills from one civilization to the next. . . . � Jack Weatherford.   This passage leads to the conclusion that the Mongols","correctAnswerText":"contributed to cultural diffusion","incorrectText1":"rejected technology","incorrectText2":"were a peaceful people","incorrectText3":"were urbanized"}, {"itemType":"OVVV5FJUTV71M45","questionText":"One reason the Suez Canal has been of strategic importance to countries other than Egypt was that the canal","correctAnswerText":"allowed for faster movement between the North Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean","incorrectText1":"enabled Europeans to explore the Western Hemisphere","incorrectText2":"made it easier for Russia to gain control of Afghanistan","incorrectText3":"provided the Austro-Hungarian Empire with access to its colonies in South Asia"}, {"itemType":"YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP","questionText":"Much of which area of the world came under European colonial control in the 19th century?","correctAnswerText":"Africa","incorrectText1":"Japan","incorrectText2":"Southwest Asia","incorrectText3":"Latin America"}, {"itemType":"9ATK959C2RJDRXK","questionText":"Japan�s invasion of China in 1937 and Germany�s attack on Poland in 1939 led directly to","correctAnswerText":"the beginning of World War II in Asia and Europe","incorrectText1":"a meeting at Yalta between the United States and the Soviet Union","incorrectText2":"a conference at Munich for European leaders","incorrectText3":"the withdrawal of Britain and France from European affairs"}, {"itemType":"I515USMBMX2R1D3","questionText":"The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was initially formed to","correctAnswerText":"defend Western Europe from Soviet aggression","incorrectText1":"promote religious freedom","incorrectText2":"isolate member nations from the rest of the world","incorrectText3":"stop the flow of immigration between member nations"}, {"itemType":"9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI","questionText":"�Reliance on Imported Oil Raises Concerns in China, Europe, and the United States� �Coca-Cola Accused of Wasting Precious Water in India� �Competition for Control of Cobalt Mines Causes Violence in Congo�. These headlines best illustrate the economic concept of","correctAnswerText":"scarcity of resources","incorrectText1":"inflation","incorrectText2":"embargo","incorrectText3":"boycott of goods"}, {"itemType":"EPCP98OYHVDOU4A","questionText":"One way in which the Aswan Dam in Egypt and the Three Gorges Dam in China are similar is that both","correctAnswerText":"harness natural forces to produce energy","incorrectText1":"convert salt water to freshwater","incorrectText2":"provide fertilizers for agricultural production","incorrectText3":"connect small bodies of water to larger bodies of water"}, {"itemType":"KICKKXSXUCGKDYT","questionText":"One way in which the travels of Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta are similar is that each","correctAnswerText":"stimulated interest in other cultures","incorrectText1":"started mass migrations from Europe","incorrectText2":"led to the establishment of colonies","incorrectText3":"resulted in archaeological discoveries in Africa"}, {"itemType":"HQSUDLM4W56G5G3","questionText":"The combined usage of the caravel, compass, and astrolabe in the late 1400s helped bring about the","correctAnswerText":"exploration of the Americas","incorrectText1":" migration of the Bantu","incorrectText2":"introduction of Buddhism to East Asia","incorrectText3":"voyages of Zheng He"}, {"itemType":"M6L7YCS6YVBNI48","questionText":"The term monsoons can be defined as","correctAnswerText":"seasonal winds","incorrectText1":"sand deposits","incorrectText2":"ocean currents","incorrectText3":"mountain avalanches"}, {"itemType":"TBIDXY8QT09WZDG","questionText":"Which geographic feature served as a barrier that protected ancient China and was used as an invasion route by the Aryans into ancient India?","correctAnswerText":"mountains","incorrectText1":"deserts","incorrectText2":"rivers","incorrectText3":"plateaus"}, {"itemType":"QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD","questionText":"Which river was essential to the survival of the West African kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai?","correctAnswerText":"Niger","incorrectText1":"Thames","incorrectText2":"Indus","incorrectText3":"Euphrates"}, {"itemType":"IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU","questionText":"Which geographic factor contributed to the rise of the Renaissance in Italian city-states?","correctAnswerText":"location near the coast of the Mediterranean Sea","incorrectText1":" mountainous terrain of the Alps","incorrectText2":"navigable waters of the Danube River","incorrectText3":"ease of travel on the Northern European Plain"}, {"itemType":"9150158FNA5XOVV","questionText":"The use of the terms Encounter and Columbian exchange represents attempts to describe the","correctAnswerText":"nature of cultural interactions","incorrectText1":"establishment of land grants","incorrectText2":"results of scientific innovations","incorrectText3":"origins of divine right theory"}, {"itemType":"OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0","questionText":"The Middle Passage is best defined as","correctAnswerText":"the forced journey of enslaved Africans to the Americas","incorrectText1":"a route through the Swiss Alps","incorrectText2":"a narrow body of water connecting two larger bodies of water","incorrectText3":"the expulsion of Muslims from Spain"}, {"itemType":"UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U","questionText":"Japan�s policy of expansion in the early 20th century was motivated by","correctAnswerText":"a lack of natural resources","incorrectText1":"a plan to end unequal treaties","incorrectText2":"the need to increase cultural diffusion","incorrectText3":"the desire to spread communism"}, {"itemType":"VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP","questionText":"The �one child� policy in China, established during the late 1970s, was an attempt to","correctAnswerText":"reduce the population growth rate","incorrectText1":"gain the support of the upper classes","incorrectText2":"increase tax revenue for government programs","incorrectText3":"eliminate Western influence"}, {"itemType":"8UKFL9QB8570RXP","questionText":". . . Traditionally, [African] farmers cleared land, grew crops for a few harvests, then let the fields lie fallow for 10 or 15 years to rejuvenate as they moved on to clear more land, the study reports. But as they try to feed a rapidly growing population, the farmers instead grow crop after crop, sapping the soil�s fertility. �Nothing grows, so the topsoil is blown away by the wind and washed away by the rains,� said Amit H. Roy, president of the International Fertilizer Development Center, a nonprofit agricultural aid organization, which produced the study. �It goes into the river system, silting them, and out to the oceans.�. . . � Celia Dugger, �Overfarming African Land is Worsening Hunger Crisis�.     Which problem in sub-Saharan Africa is being described in This passage?","correctAnswerText":"desertification","incorrectText1":"global warming","incorrectText2":"urbanization","incorrectText3":"acid rain"}, {"itemType":"FX96LMXJUNBPTWL","questionText":"Which policy is most directly associated with the terms spheres of influence, extraterritoriality, and protectorate?","correctAnswerText":"imperialism","incorrectText1":"collectivization","incorrectText2":"isolationism","incorrectText3":"containment"}, {"itemType":"4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW","questionText":"The invasions of Russia by France in 1812 and by Germany in World War II were unsuccessful in part because of the","correctAnswerText":"harsh climatic conditions in Russia","incorrectText1":"Russian alliances with China","incorrectText2":"inexperience of French and German military leaders","incorrectText3":"failure of France and Germany to develop modern weapons"}, {"itemType":"FTV4F5OFSF293XL","questionText":"Which heading best completes the partial outline below? I. _________________________________ A. Hannibal leads Carthaginian Army over the Alps to surprise the Romans. B. England builds a strong navy to protect its island nation. C. Vietnamese guerilla fighters ambush United States soldiers in thick jungles.","correctAnswerText":"The Role of Geography in Military History","incorrectText1":"Causes for Military Conflict in History","incorrectText2":"Unsuccessful Military Expeditions in History","incorrectText3":"Technological Advances in Military History"}, {"itemType":"HI4X8VLDXB6CU97","questionText":"Which feature would most likely appear on a physical map?","correctAnswerText":"mountain ranges","incorrectText1":"population densities","incorrectText2":"land usage patterns","incorrectText3":"climatic patterns"}, {"itemType":"38CTTRF38X7325C","questionText":"Where does the archaeological evidence gathered by Louis and Mary Leakey suggest the earliest humans developed?","correctAnswerText":"Great Rift Valley","incorrectText1":"Amazon rain forest","incorrectText2":"Himalaya Mountains","incorrectText3":"Philippine archipelago"}, {"itemType":"BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9","questionText":"Subsistence farming can best be defined as","correctAnswerText":"producing just enough food for a family�s survival","incorrectText1":"harvesting a surplus of crops to be sold for profit","incorrectText2":"domesticating animals to transport goods","incorrectText3":"irrigating crops to increase production"}, {"itemType":"9UYVCNJEO4SL600","questionText":"What was one direct result of the Crusades?","correctAnswerText":"Trade increased between Europe and the Middle East.","incorrectText1":"Islamic kingdoms expanded into Europe.","incorrectText2":"Arabs and Christians divided the city of Jerusalem between them.","incorrectText3":"Alexander the Great became a powerful leader in Eurasia."}, {"itemType":"SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ","questionText":"One way in which the Silk Roads and the West African trade routes are similar is that along both routes","correctAnswerText":"ideas were exchanged as merchants interacted with each other","incorrectText1":"the main items exchanged were ivory and tobacco","incorrectText2":"concrete was used to improve the surface of the roads","incorrectText3":"a single currency was used to make transactions easier"}, {"itemType":"FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP","questionText":"The use of the geographic terms Near East and Far East reflects","correctAnswerText":"a European view of the world","incorrectText1":"the distance of nations from Mecca","incorrectText2":"a Japanese perspective of Asia","incorrectText3":"the location of Southwest Asia in relation to North Africa"}, {"itemType":"YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3","questionText":"A major agricultural advancement of the Incas was the","correctAnswerText":"terracing of mountains for farming","incorrectText1":"domestication of cattle","incorrectText2":"use of a steel plow","incorrectText3":"development of floating gardens"}, {"itemType":"MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI","questionText":"What was a significant effect of the Columbian exchange?","correctAnswerText":"Potatoes were introduced into the diet of some Europeans.","incorrectText1":"The Aztec conquered a vast empire.","incorrectText2":"Prince Henry the Navigator established a school for sailors.","incorrectText3":"China closed its borders to foreigners."}, {"itemType":"A9BBHEWS99VQPQG","questionText":"Which region was most affected by decisions made at the Berlin Conference of 1884?","correctAnswerText":"Africa","incorrectText1":"Latin America","incorrectText2":"East Asia","incorrectText3":"South Asia"}, {"itemType":"HWHPLOAQRN459YD","questionText":". . . What has poor Ireland done, mother, � What has poor Ireland done, That the world looks on, and sees us starve, Perishing one by one? Do the men of England care not, mother, � The great men and the high, � For the suffering sons of Erin�s isle, Whether they live or die? . . . � A. M. Edmond, �Give Me Three Grains of Corn, Mother�.   Which event is most closely associated with the conditions described in these lyrics?","correctAnswerText":"famine","incorrectText1":"civil war","incorrectText2":"Glorious Revolution","incorrectText3":"independence from Great Britain"}, {"itemType":"ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH","questionText":"Which group of countries earns much of their revenue from the sale of oil?","correctAnswerText":"Saudi Arabia, Nigeria, Venezuela","incorrectText1":"China, Korea, Jordan","incorrectText2":"Turkey, Brazil, Lebanon","incorrectText3":"Argentina, Malaysia, Chile"}, {"itemType":"PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3","questionText":"Which problem in the savanna regions of Africa is caused by population pressures and overuse of the land?","correctAnswerText":"desertification","incorrectText1":"rain forest destruction","incorrectText2":"air pollution","incorrectText3":"flooding"}, {"itemType":"M32KSEKMXP9VM9H","questionText":"Urbanization in developing nations today is similar to urbanization in 19th-century England because in both cases","correctAnswerText":"many farm workers went to cities to look for jobs","incorrectText1":"many people moved to rural areas","incorrectText2":"governments developed policies of forced migration","incorrectText3":"ties to extended families increased"}, {"itemType":"9NK0N52O2K7MILW","questionText":"One reason that many historians study geography is to","correctAnswerText":"show connections between people and places","incorrectText1":"help predict changes in government","incorrectText2":"tell when events took place","incorrectText3":"explore the value systems of early people"}, {"itemType":"ACVORE5RIFGXI9T","questionText":". . .�One theory is that there were waves of migration, one moving through the east of Africa and another making its way through the centre of the continent. In Zambia, there is evidence of at least three routes of migration � from the great lakes, from the Congo forest and from Angola.� . . . Source: BBC, The Story of Africa: Early History.  This passage about the early history of Africa describes migrations associated with which group of people?","correctAnswerText":"Bantu","incorrectText1":"Phoenicians ","incorrectText2":"Moors","incorrectText3":"Babylonians"}, {"itemType":"W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG","questionText":"How did the geography of the Italian peninsula influence the development of the Roman Empire?","correctAnswerText":"The location of the peninsula contributed to Roman control of the Mediterranean region.","incorrectText1":"The unnavigable rivers in the northern part of the peninsula protected the Romans from their neighbors.","incorrectText2":"The harsh climate prevented agricultural production on the Italian peninsula.","incorrectText3":"The lengthy, rugged seacoast encouraged frequent invasions of the Italian peninsula."}, {"itemType":"0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ","questionText":"The early Russian civilization adopted the Eastern Orthodox religion, the Cyrillic alphabet, and different styles of art and architecture through contact with","correctAnswerText":"mis","incorrectText1":"sionaries from the Byzantine Empiretraders from China","incorrectText2":"conquering Mongol invaders","incorrectText3":"Vikings from northern Europe"}, {"itemType":"LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z","questionText":"What was one result of the travels of Marco Polo?","correctAnswerText":"Interest in Asian cultures increased.Africa remained isolated.","incorrectText1":"Ottoman power decreased.","incorrectText2":"Colonies were established in Japan.","incorrectText3":""}, {"itemType":"6J6SIRWPNI6IONR","questionText":"Which phrase best completes the partial outline below? I. Achievements of the Incas A. _____________________________ B. Kept records using quipus C. Built stone structures without using mortar","correctAnswerText":"Created a system of terrace farming","incorrectText1":"Cast bronze statues","incorrectText2":"Invented a foot stirrup","incorrectText3":"Developed chariots"}, {"itemType":"JOJC5JND6O7R6NH","questionText":"The breakup of the Austro-Hungarian Empire led to the creation of several new states and the expansion of others. These new states soon established trade restrictions and began collecting tariffs when goods crossed their borders.    Which conclusion is most valid concerning the breakup of the Austro-Hungarian Empire?","correctAnswerText":"Political independence led to trade barriers.","incorrectText1":"International cooperation led to the settlement of border disputes.","incorrectText2":"Transition from a command to a free-market economy was difficult.","incorrectText3":"Tariffs resulted in increased trade."}, {"itemType":"TX38PQXUNZK77UN","questionText":"The term Green Revolution refers to","correctAnswerText":"increased agricultural production based on technological advancements","incorrectText1":"an overthrow of the government by radical parties","incorrectText2":"a drastic change in the environment based on global warming","incorrectText3":"decreased food production caused by terrorism"}, {"itemType":"IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW","questionText":"For years, the Sahara was an obstacle for Europeans while Africans used the desert as a highway. Which conclusion is supported by this statement?","correctAnswerText":"Initially, Europeans lacked the knowledge and skills needed to travel in the desert.","incorrectText1":"Trade between Africa and Europe decreased.","incorrectText2":"African empires generally avoided contact with Europeans.","incorrectText3":"Desertification reduced the amount of arable land available to Africans and Europeans."}, {"itemType":"B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68","questionText":"The term iron curtain refers to the","correctAnswerText":"western boundary of Soviet domination in Europe during the Cold War","incorrectText1":"scars left on the land by the trenches of World War I","incorrectText2":"no-fly zone in northern Iraq after the Persian Gulf War","incorrectText3":"border established between India and Pakistan after World War II"}, {"itemType":"Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV","questionText":"� Separated the cultures of Europe and Asia � Hindered, but did not prevent, invaders from entering India � Terraced to increase food production in South America. Which geographic feature is being described in these statements?","correctAnswerText":"mountains","incorrectText1":"river valleys","incorrectText2":"steppes","incorrectText3":"tundra"}, {"itemType":"0WK63DOOS2FXIQR","questionText":"Which geographic factor directly influenced the early interactions between China and Korea?","correctAnswerText":"location","incorrectText1":"arid climate","incorrectText2":"monsoons","incorrectText3":"tropical savannas"}, {"itemType":"LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y","questionText":"One way in which 14th-century Mali in Africa and 14th-century Venice in Italy are similar is that both","correctAnswerText":"became wealthy and powerful as a result of trade","incorrectText1":"were land-locked city-states","incorrectText2":"developed economies based primarily on agriculture","incorrectText3":"were centers for Islamic learning"}, {"itemType":"WA72MFJ0LXADZMV","questionText":"A major impact of the Columbian exchange on western Europe was the introduction of","correctAnswerText":"new food crops that improved the European diet","incorrectText1":"Christianity that led to the rise of the Catholic Church","incorrectText2":"new military technology that weakened local rulers","incorrectText3":"diseases that drastically reduced the population of Europe"}, {"itemType":"F4PB21EHTG20GMV","questionText":"Some developing countries rely on a single cash crop such as cotton or sugar cane. The origin of this practice can often be traced to the","correctAnswerText":"colonization of the region","incorrectText1":"introduction of communism","incorrectText2":"establishment of democratic governments","incorrectText3":"movements to gain independence"}, {"itemType":"RQFKPE3OR6A25JD","questionText":"After World War II, the boundaries of newly independent African countries were most often based on","correctAnswerText":"divisions imposed under European imperialism","incorrectText1":"existing ethnic settlement patterns","incorrectText2":"mandates created under the United Nations","incorrectText3":"locations of oil resources"}, {"itemType":"I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ","questionText":"Which group of countries became Soviet satellites after World War II?","correctAnswerText":"Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary","incorrectText1":"France, Spain, Great Britain","incorrectText2":"Switzerland, Austria, Belgium","incorrectText3":"Turkey, Greece, Italy"}, {"itemType":"6KQZN538LCU7K9W","questionText":"The destruction of the rain forests in Latin America is primarily due to the","correctAnswerText":"demand for timber, farmland, and grazing land","incorrectText1":"diseases carried by insects","incorrectText2":"wildfires occurring during dry seasons","incorrectText3":"devastation caused by high winds during the tropical storm season"}, {"itemType":"XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG","questionText":"One motive for Japanese expansion between 1905 and 1941 was to","correctAnswerText":"obtain natural resources","incorrectText1":"end reparation payments","incorrectText2":"create a buffer zone","incorrectText3":"spread Buddhism"}, {"itemType":"LFNB87QHK1KPSO1","questionText":"Slash-and-burn techniques are typically practiced by","correctAnswerText":"subsistence farmers who plant an area until the soil loses its fertility","incorrectText1":"people who live along rivers that deposit rich soil during floods","incorrectText2":"farmers who rely on chemical fertilization and pesticides","incorrectText3":"nomads who use pastures for their livestock"}, {"itemType":"YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1","questionText":"Which geographic factor had a major influence on the development of both Egyptian and Babylonian civilizations?","correctAnswerText":"river valleys","incorrectText1":"cool temperatures","incorrectText2":"locations near a strait","incorrectText3":"mountains"}, {"itemType":"34BUUBUS07QUA6M","questionText":". . . The actual journey to Mecca [Makkah] began on the fifth of Dhu al-Hijjah, 1393 (the 29th of December, 1973, according to the Gregorian calendar), at Beirut International Airport, but it was not until the afternoon of the seventh that I donned [put on] the Ihram [robe] and drove along on the road from Jiddah to Mecca. The road was crowded with cars, buses and trucks all packed with pilgrims chanting the Hajj refrain, the Talbiyah: . . . � Michael E. Jansen, An American Girl on the Hajj.    This passage describes the experience of a follower of","correctAnswerText":"Islam","incorrectText1":"Christianity","incorrectText2":"Hinduism","incorrectText3":"Judaism"}, {"itemType":"NORRDWZROR868GG","questionText":"One way in which the travels of Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta are similar is that they resulted in","correctAnswerText":"an increased interest in different cultures","incorrectText1":"the development of slavery","incorrectText2":"a reduction in trade","incorrectText3":"the discovery of East Asia"}, {"itemType":"20E6K97FCPOIUK3","questionText":"Which geographic feature had the greatest influence on the development of the Inca Empire?","correctAnswerText":"mountains","incorrectText1":"deserts","incorrectText2":"river valleys","incorrectText3":"irregular coastline"}, {"itemType":"B7PFLDEF4F7G29R","questionText":"The Portuguese control of Macao and the British control of Hong Kong in China are examples of","correctAnswerText":"imperialism","incorrectText1":"collectivization","incorrectText2":"self-determination","incorrectText3":"containment"}, {"itemType":"5MH112LCJ8OZFJM","questionText":"A primary reason for Japan�s involvement in the Sino-Japanese War and the Russo-Japanese War was to","correctAnswerText":"acquire natural resources in Manchuria and Korea","incorrectText1":"control trade and markets in Southeast Asia","incorrectText2":"end Japan�s policy of isolationism","incorrectText3":"remove foreign invaders from Japanese soil"}, {"itemType":"QSACQ30L9JIL10F","questionText":"Between 1945 and 1947, the differences between the Hindus and the Muslims in India led to the","correctAnswerText":"partitioning of the subcontinent","incorrectText1":"Sepoy Mutiny","incorrectText2":"Salt March","incorrectText3":"policy of nonalignment"}, {"itemType":"9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ","questionText":"In Egypt, Gamal Abdel Nasser�s seizure of the Suez Canal continued his policy of","correctAnswerText":"establishing national control of vital resources","incorrectText1":"attracting investments from Western banks","incorrectText2":"supporting the rights of British workers","incorrectText3":"eliminating criticism of political opponents"}, {"itemType":"CRTDFM43DP4R453","questionText":"� Location � included lands surrounding the eastern Mediterranean Sea � People � Turks, Arabs, Greeks, Muslims, Christians, and Jews � Nickname during the 19th and early 20th centuries � �Sick Man of Europe� Which empire is described by these characteristics?","correctAnswerText":"Ottoman","incorrectText1":"Gupta","incorrectText2":"Roman","incorrectText3":"Mongol"}, {"itemType":"FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR","questionText":"One way in which South Korea, Saudi Arabia, and India are geographically similar is that each is located on","correctAnswerText":"a peninsula","incorrectText1":"an island","incorrectText2":"an isthmus","incorrectText3":"an archipelago"}, {"itemType":"IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0","questionText":"The Bantu cleared the land, then fertilized it with ashes. When the land could no longer support their families, the Bantu moved further south. By 1110 B.C., the Bantu had spread their rich culture throughout central and southern Africa.  Which agricultural technique is described in this passage?","correctAnswerText":"slash-and-burn","incorrectText1":"irrigation","incorrectText2":"terrace farming","incorrectText3":"crop rotation"}, {"itemType":"6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP","questionText":"What was one of the primary reasons for the spread of the bubonic plague?","correctAnswerText":"increase in trade","incorrectText1":"colonization of the Americas","incorrectText2":"development of the manorial system","incorrectText3":"economic decline"}, {"itemType":"5WFRV6D1AF857M2","questionText":"In the 19th century, a major reason for Irish migration to North America was to","correctAnswerText":"flee widespread famine","incorrectText1":"gain universal suffrage","incorrectText2":"avoid malaria outbreaks","incorrectText3":"escape a civil war"}, {"itemType":"ICALETH1G91HXTE","questionText":"Early exploration of Africa by Europeans was hindered by the","correctAnswerText":"many different physical features of Africa","incorrectText1":"lack of natural resources in Africa","incorrectText2":"alliances between African kingdoms","incorrectText3":"isolationist policies of European monarchs"}, {"itemType":"6HN4D643RTBD5SO","questionText":"Japan�s invasion of Manchuria, Italy�s attack on Ethiopia, and Germany�s blitzkrieg in Poland are examples of","correctAnswerText":"military aggression","incorrectText1":"containment","incorrectText2":"appeasement","incorrectText3":"the domino theory"}, {"itemType":"5KYWZNHEGDGC56G","questionText":"Which country is most closely associated with the terms pass laws, homelands, and white minority rule?","correctAnswerText":"South Africa","incorrectText1":"El Salvador","incorrectText2":"Iran","incorrectText3":"Israel"}, {"itemType":"5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK","questionText":"The destruction of the Berlin Wall and the breakup of the Soviet Union signify the","correctAnswerText":"end of the Cold War","incorrectText1":"collapse of the Taliban","incorrectText2":"strength of the Warsaw Pact","incorrectText3":"power of the European Union"}, {"itemType":"8L2TET9XHNDJDY6","questionText":"Which statement about the impact of the AIDS epidemic in both Africa and Southeast Asia is most accurate?","correctAnswerText":"Life expectancy in both regions is declining.","incorrectText1":"The availability of low-cost drugs has cured most of those infected.","incorrectText2":"The introduction of awareness programs has eliminated the threat of the disease.","incorrectText3":"Newborn babies and young children have not been affected by the disease."}, {"itemType":"GON3JDO53HYHEHP","questionText":"Which statement regarding the impact of geography on Japan is most accurate?","correctAnswerText":"Lack of natural resources led to a policy of imperialism.","incorrectText1":"Large plains served as invasion routes for conquerors.","incorrectText2":"Arid deserts and mountains caused isolation from Asia.","incorrectText3":"Close proximity to Africa encouraged extensive trade with Egypt."}, {"itemType":"17S7REU8QQJYUYZ","questionText":"The Age of Exploration led directly to the","correctAnswerText":"establishment of European colonies","incorrectText1":"start of the Puritan Revolution","incorrectText2":"invention of the magnetic compass","incorrectText3":"failure of the Congress of Vienna"}, {"itemType":"11Y568S0S231L12","questionText":"� The east is bordered by the Yellow Sea. � The population is concentrated along the coast and in the river valleys. � Mountains, plateaus, and deserts dominate the western region.  To which country do all of these geographic statements apply?","correctAnswerText":"China","incorrectText1":"England","incorrectText2":"Nicaragua","incorrectText3":"Philippines"}, {"itemType":"A21ZEU2LRRWODOM","questionText":"The primary reason the Bantu-speaking people of West Africa migrated southward and eastward between 500 B.C. and A.D. 1500 was to","correctAnswerText":"find land for farming and grazing","incorrectText1":"flee warfare","incorrectText2":"seek religious freedom","incorrectText3":"establish a colonial empire"}, {"itemType":"6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ","questionText":"Letting some farmland remain unplanted as a means of increasing food production is most closely associated with","correctAnswerText":"the three-field system","incorrectText1":"modern irrigation methods","incorrectText2":"the enclosure movement","incorrectText3":"slash-and-burn agriculture"}, {"itemType":"LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0","questionText":"What was an impact of Korea�s geographic location on the history of East Asia?","correctAnswerText":"serving as a cultural bridge between China and Japan","incorrectText1":"isolating Russia from Japan","incorrectText2":"protecting China from Mongol invaders","incorrectText3":"preventing Europeans from colonizing East Asia"}, {"itemType":"4M68F8AH54RB0JZ","questionText":"Which geographic feature of Spain and Portugal most enhanced their ability to engage in exploration?","correctAnswerText":"peninsular location","incorrectText1":"mountainous region","incorrectText2":"extensive river system","incorrectText3":"fertile plain"}, {"itemType":"R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ","questionText":"The journeys of Vasco da Gama, Bartholomeu Dias, and Christopher Columbus became possible in the late 1400s because of the","correctAnswerText":"development of new navigational instruments and technology","incorrectText1":"support of exploration by the English government","incorrectText2":"trade connections established by Ibn Battuta","incorrectText3":"effects of the Atlantic slave trade"}, {"itemType":"9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV","questionText":"What was the main reason for the extensive Irish emigration to North America in the 1840s?","correctAnswerText":"mass starvation","incorrectText1":"civil war","incorrectText2":"military draft","incorrectText3":"smallpox outbreak"}, {"itemType":"FZLOFTA7JBEINNX","questionText":"The annexation of Korea and Japan�s invasion of Manchuria were attempts by Japan to","correctAnswerText":"acquire natural resources","incorrectText1":"spread Shinto beliefs","incorrectText2":"protect human rights","incorrectText3":"establish theocratic governments"}]},
{
"itemId": "20BF48FF035FD0ADC41DC13",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "geography set 3",
"navBarTitleText": "geography set 3",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{"itemType":"FU9DRRDLASG0B18","questionText":"Speaker A: Medical facilities and public transportation are readily available in New Delhi. Speaker B: Homelessness and crime continue to increase in New Delhi. Speaker C: New Delhi offers many employment opportunities..       One way in Which these speakers are similar is that all are expressing their opinions about","correctAnswerText":"urban issues","incorrectText1":"rural poverty","incorrectText2":"interdependence","incorrectText3":"nationalism"}, {"itemType":"29V66H94IK4K1K5","questionText":"The introduction of Buddhism into Japan and of Christianity into Africa are examples of","correctAnswerText":"cultural diffusion","incorrectText1":"modernization","incorrectText2":"ethnic conflict","incorrectText3":"isolation"}, {"itemType":"MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0","questionText":"Which aspect of social science would a geographer most likely study in depth?","correctAnswerText":"how location influences the way people live","incorrectText1":"how beliefs influence the behavior of a group of people","incorrectText2":"how economic events influence history","incorrectText3":"how people influence governmental decisions"}, {"itemType":"MMPPPQTR96W85B9","questionText":"What effect did the geography of ancient Greece have on its early development?","correctAnswerText":"The mountainous terrain led to the creation of independent city-states.","incorrectText1":"A lack of natural seaports limited communication.","incorrectText2":"An inland location hindered trade and colonization.","incorrectText3":"Abundant natural resources encouraged selfsufficiency."}, {"itemType":"V1LX77TKH98RRK5","questionText":"Which statement about the geography of Japan is most accurate?","correctAnswerText":"The irregular coastline has many natural harbors.","incorrectText1":"Location has made it easy to invade.","incorrectText2":"Large plains are its primary physical feature.","incorrectText3":"Earthquakes do not threaten the islands."}, {"itemType":"9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL","questionText":"Which description best characterizes the city of Timbuktu?","correctAnswerText":"commercial and cultural center of West Africa","incorrectText1":"port on the water route to East Asia","incorrectText2":"major urban and industrial center on the Silk Road","incorrectText3":"inland city of the Hanseatic League"}, {"itemType":"W8NPG9KNA7FY64R","questionText":"In England, which circumstance was a result of the other three?","correctAnswerText":"start of the Industrial Revolution","incorrectText1":"availability of labor","incorrectText2":"abundance of coal and iron","incorrectText3":"waterpower from many rivers"}, {"itemType":"W51PW4MEE1QROQ1","questionText":"What was the primary reason that large numbers of people left Ireland in the 1840s and 1850s?","correctAnswerText":"The people faced mass starvation.","incorrectText1":"A political revolution had started.","incorrectText2":"A smallpox epidemic broke out in the country.","incorrectText3":"The people sought better educational opportunities."}, {"itemType":"5XGL523ABIUTY7R","questionText":"Border conflicts between India and Pakistan have most often occurred in","correctAnswerText":"Kashmir","incorrectText1":"Tibet","incorrectText2":"East Timor","incorrectText3":"Afghanistan"}, {"itemType":"4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT","questionText":"The ancient cultures of both the Incas and the Chinese adapted to the physical geography of their region by","correctAnswerText":"developing terrace farming on hillsides","incorrectText1":"building chariots to protect their open plains against invaders","incorrectText2":"becoming maritime traders","incorrectText3":"constructing harbors to encourage exploration"}, {"itemType":"WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4","questionText":"Which geographic factor played the greatest role in preventing Russia from being conquered by both Napoleon and Adolf Hitler?","correctAnswerText":"climate","incorrectText1":"deserts","incorrectText2":"rivers","incorrectText3":"mountains"}, {"itemType":"Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF","questionText":"The unification of Germany (1870�71) and the breakup of Yugoslavia after 1991 both illustrate the influence of","correctAnswerText":"nationalism","incorrectText1":"imperialism","incorrectText2":"westernization","incorrectText3":"industrialization"}, {"itemType":"3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5","questionText":"Which feature would most likely be shown on a physical map?","correctAnswerText":"mountain ranges","incorrectText1":"population density","incorrectText2":"climate","incorrectText3":"vegetation zones"}, {"itemType":"XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4","questionText":"Constantinople was a thriving city in the 1200s mainly because of its location on a major trade route between","correctAnswerText":"Asia and eastern Europe","incorrectText1":"China and southern Africa","incorrectText2":"the Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic Sea","incorrectText3":"the Inca Empire and the Aztec Empire"}, {"itemType":"6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4","questionText":"A major reason the Industrial Revolution began in England was that England possessed","correctAnswerText":"abundant coal and iron resources","incorrectText1":"a smooth coastline","incorrectText2":"many waterfalls","incorrectText3":"numerous mountain ranges"}, {"itemType":"C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC","questionText":"Which communist nation is most closely associated with the leadership of Ho Chi Minh and the surrender of Saigon?","correctAnswerText":"Vietnam","incorrectText1":"North Korea","incorrectText2":"Soviet Union","incorrectText3":"People�s Republic of China"}, {"itemType":"8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS","questionText":"The status of Hong Kong changed in July 1997 when the city","correctAnswerText":"was returned to China","incorrectText1":"was closed to international trade","incorrectText2":"became an independent nation","incorrectText3":"adopted a capitalist economy"}, {"itemType":"IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ","questionText":"One way in which wars, religious conflict, and natural disasters are similar is that these situations may result in","correctAnswerText":"the mass migration of people","incorrectText1":"economic stability","incorrectText2":"an increase in life expectancy","incorrectText3":"global warming"}, {"itemType":"9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF","questionText":"Which continent�s economic and political development has been influenced by the Andes Mountains and the Amazon River?","correctAnswerText":"South America","incorrectText1":"Asia","incorrectText2":"Europe","incorrectText3":"Africa"}, {"itemType":"HARJ6XE78XNCXSA","questionText":"What was one effect of the Columbian exchange?","correctAnswerText":"introduction of new foods to both Europe and the Americas","incorrectText1":"rapid decline in European population","incorrectText2":"economic instability in China and Japan","incorrectText3":"spread of Hinduism into Latin America"}, {"itemType":"8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A","questionText":"The breakdown of traditions, increased levels of pollution, and the expansion of slums are negative aspects of","correctAnswerText":"urbanization","incorrectText1":"militarism","incorrectText2":" pogroms","incorrectText3":"collectivization"}, {"itemType":"6RC5YZ1KHUU0465","questionText":"Which region was described as �the powder keg of Europe� prior to World War I?","correctAnswerText":"Balkan Peninsula","incorrectText1":"Iberian Peninsula","incorrectText2":"British Isles","incorrectText3":"Scandinavia"}, {"itemType":"BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM","questionText":"At the end of World War II, the British decided to partition the Indian subcontinent into the nations of India and Pakistan. What was a primary reason for this division?","correctAnswerText":"Religious differences had led to conflicts between Hindus and Muslims.","incorrectText1":"India had adopted a policy of nonalignment.","incorrectText2":"Most of India�s valuable resources were located in the south.","incorrectText3":"British India�s Muslim minority controlled most of India�s banking industry."}, {"itemType":"HSF4BRDGX2SXB69","questionText":"Which geographic factor had the most influence on the development of Inca society and Japanese society?","correctAnswerText":"mountainous topography","incorrectText1":"frequent monsoons","incorrectText2":"large deserts","incorrectText3":"tropical climate"}, {"itemType":"9TINW08CRITM2N9","questionText":"Which factor most hindered the efforts of both Napoleon and Hitler to conquer Russia?","correctAnswerText":"climate","incorrectText1":"fortifications","incorrectText2":"advanced technology","incorrectText3":"lack of ports"}, {"itemType":"IR07J676OISB4HU","questionText":"Throughout history, people have lived on savannas, in deserts, in mountains, along river valleys, along coastlines, and on islands. This statement demonstrates that people","correctAnswerText":"adapt their surroundings","incorrectText1":"develop a common language","incorrectText2":"organize similar forms of government","incorrectText3":"prefer to live in isolated areas"}, {"itemType":"DVK5QLN0B25CP5N","questionText":"How did the introduction of agriculture affect early peoples?","correctAnswerText":"Civilizations developed.","incorrectText1":"Societies became nomadic.","incorrectText2":"Food production declined.","incorrectText3":"Birthrates decreased rapidly."}, {"itemType":"V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY","questionText":"What was one effect of Alexander the Great�s conquests?","correctAnswerText":"expansion of Hellenistic culture","incorrectText1":"formation of the Christian church","incorrectText2":"decreased importance of the Silk Roads","incorrectText3":"increased support of the Mayan leaders"}, {"itemType":"KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I","questionText":"Constantinople�s location on the Bosporus Strait was one reason that the Byzantine Empire was able to","correctAnswerText":"control key trade routes between Europe and Asia","incorrectText1":"conquer the Russian city of Moscow","incorrectText2":"spread Judaism throughout western Europe","incorrectText3":"unite the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches"}, {"itemType":"3S3OX0N305A2N1R","questionText":"Historians value the writings of Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta because they","correctAnswerText":"serve as primary sources about trade and culture","incorrectText1":"provide the basis for European holy books","incorrectText2":"include advice on how to be a democratic ruler","incorrectText3":"present unbiased views of life in Africa and Asia"}, {"itemType":"OVVV5FJUTV71M45","questionText":"� 1340s�Mongols, merchants, and other travelers carried disease along trade routes west of China. � 1346�The plague reached the Black Sea ports of Caffa and Tana. � 1347�Italian merchants fled plague-infected Black Sea ports. � 1348�The plague became an epidemic in most of western Europe. Which conclusion can be made based on these statements?","correctAnswerText":"The interaction of people spread the plague.","incorrectText1":"The plague primarily affected China.","incorrectText2":"Port cities were relatively untouched by the plague.","incorrectText3":"The plague started in western Europe."}, {"itemType":"YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP","questionText":"One similarity in the rule of Peter the Great, Suleiman I, and Louis XIV is that each leader","correctAnswerText":"expanded his territory","incorrectText1":"shared power with a legislature","incorrectText2":"practiced religious toleration","incorrectText3":"decreased the amount of taxes collected"}, {"itemType":"9ATK959C2RJDRXK","questionText":"Which factors protected Russia from control by Napoleon�s army?","correctAnswerText":"geographic size and location","incorrectText1":"religious and cultural similarities","incorrectText2":"industrialization and modernization","incorrectText3":"political and economic instability"}, {"itemType":"I515USMBMX2R1D3","questionText":"One reason Germany�s invasion of Poland in 1939 was successful is that Poland","correctAnswerText":"lacked natural barriers","incorrectText1":"was located along the North Sea","incorrectText2":"lacked natural resources","incorrectText3":"was close to the Balkans"}, {"itemType":"9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI","questionText":"� Organization of American States (OAS) � European Union (EU) � North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). These organizations and agreements are examples of","correctAnswerText":"regional cooperation","incorrectText1":"political isolation","incorrectText2":"military alliances","incorrectText3":"collective security"}, {"itemType":"EPCP98OYHVDOU4A","questionText":"� Maize and potatoes were grown in Europe. � Millions of Africans suffered during the Middle Passage. � Smallpox had devastating effects on indigenous peoples. � Spanish language is used in much of Latin America. Which global interaction is illustrated by these statements?","correctAnswerText":"Columbian Exchange","incorrectText1":"Silk Road trade","incorrectText2":"Crusades","incorrectText3":"Scramble for Africa"}, {"itemType":"KICKKXSXUCGKDYT","questionText":"� Siberian Plain � Sahara Desert � Amazon Basin � Mongolian Steppes. One characteristic common to these areas is that they all","correctAnswerText":"have a low population density","incorrectText1":"are located between major river valleys","incorrectText2":"are major religious centers","incorrectText3":"have large areas of valuable farmland"}, {"itemType":"HQSUDLM4W56G5G3","questionText":". . . The circumference of the city of Constantinople is eighteen miles; one-half of the city being bounded by the continent, the other by the sea, two arms of which meet here; the one a branch or outlet of the Russian, the other of the Spanish sea. Great stir and bustle prevails [dominates] at Constantinople in consequence of the conflux [meeting] of many merchants, who resort thither [come there], both by land and by sea, from all parts of the world for purposes of trade, including merchants from Babylon and from Mesopotamia, from Media and Persia, from Egypt and Palestine, as well as from Russia, Hungary, Patzinakia, Budia, Lombardy and Spain. In this respect the city is equalled only by Bagdad, the metropolis of the Mahometans. . . . � Rabbi Benjamin of Tudela, Manuel Komroff, ed., Contemporaries of Marco Polo, Boni & Liveright. This author would most likely agree with the idea that the","correctAnswerText":"location of Constantinople contributed to its prosperity","incorrectText1":"size of Constantinople limited trade","incorrectText2":"cities of western Europe were more impressive than Constantinople","incorrectText3":"government of Constantinople failed to provide order"}, {"itemType":"M6L7YCS6YVBNI48","questionText":"The British government took control of the Suez Canal and Singapore during the 19th century in order to","correctAnswerText":"ensure safe passage on strategic waterways","incorrectText1":"sell petroleum to these territories","incorrectText2":"gain more converts to Christianity","incorrectText3":"transport laborers directly to the Americas"}, {"itemType":"TBIDXY8QT09WZDG","questionText":"One reason the Japanese followed a policy of expansionism before World War II was to gain","correctAnswerText":"additional natural resources","incorrectText1":"warm-water ports","incorrectText2":"control of Tibet","incorrectText3":"control of the Suez Canal"}, {"itemType":"QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD","questionText":"�India made detailed preparations for war with Pakistan yesterday, although senior officers said offensive operations would have to wait for the end of searing summer temperatures and the monsoon rain which follows. . . .� � The Daily Telegraph (London), May 21, 2002. Which conclusion is based on this passage?","correctAnswerText":"Geographic factors can influence a nation�s military decisions.","incorrectText1":"Military offensives often succeed because of monsoons.","incorrectText2":"Pakistan will be destroyed by flooding and drought.","incorrectText3":"Trade has a major impact on political life in India."}, {"itemType":"IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU","questionText":"How do some Latin American governments justify the destruction of the rain forests?","correctAnswerText":"Cattle raising, farming, and mining in the rain forest will help the economy.","incorrectText1":"Manufacturers no longer use the latex produced by the trees of the rain forest.","incorrectText2":"People who live in the rain forest are moving to the cities.","incorrectText3":"Drug trafficking will decrease when the protection of the rain forests is gone."}, {"itemType":"9150158FNA5XOVV","questionText":"Which empire became powerful partly because of its location near the Mediterranean Sea?","correctAnswerText":"Ottoman","incorrectText1":"German","incorrectText2":"Ming","incorrectText3":"Maya"}, {"itemType":"OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0","questionText":"Both Inca farmers and Japanese farmers adapted a geographic feature of their countries by","correctAnswerText":"building terraces into the mountainsides","incorrectText1":"engaging in overseas expansion","incorrectText2":"growing crops suited to desert climates","incorrectText3":"reclaiming land from the sea by building dikes"}, {"itemType":"UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U","questionText":"� Height above sea level � Distance from the equator � Amount of rainfall � Average daily temperature. Which aspect of geography is most influenced by these factors?","correctAnswerText":"climate","incorrectText1":"natural boundaries","incorrectText2":"topography","incorrectText3":"mineral resources"}, {"itemType":"VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP","questionText":"� Large areas in the north and south received less than ten inches of rainfall annually. � The presence of waterfalls and rapids slowed river travel. � Highlands and steep cliffs limited exploration. In which region did these geographic factors have an impact on European exploration and colonization?","correctAnswerText":"Africa","incorrectText1":"South America","incorrectText2":"Southeast Asia","incorrectText3":"subcontinent of India"}, {"itemType":"8UKFL9QB8570RXP","questionText":"A similarity between Bantu migrations in Africa and migrations of the ancient Aryans into South Asia is that both moved","correctAnswerText":"in search of additional food sources","incorrectText1":"across the Atlantic Ocean","incorrectText2":"from rural lands to urban areas","incorrectText3":"for religious freedom"}, {"itemType":"FX96LMXJUNBPTWL","questionText":"Which factor led to the development of civilizations in ancient Mesopotamia?","correctAnswerText":"favorable geography","incorrectText1":"political harmony","incorrectText2":"religious differences","incorrectText3":"universal education"}, {"itemType":"4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW","questionText":"� Buddhist temples are found in Japan. � Most Indonesians study the Koran. � Catholicism is the dominant religion in Latin America. These statements illustrate a result of","correctAnswerText":"cultural diffusion","incorrectText1":"westernization","incorrectText2":"economic nationalism","incorrectText3":"fundamentalism"}, {"itemType":"FTV4F5OFSF293XL","questionText":"Which group introduced the Cyrillic alphabet, Orthodox Christianity, and domed architecture to Russian culture?","correctAnswerText":"Byzantines","incorrectText1":"Mongols","incorrectText2":"Jews","incorrectText3":"Vikings"}, {"itemType":"HI4X8VLDXB6CU97","questionText":"The topography and climate of Russia have caused Russia to","correctAnswerText":"seek access to warm-water ports","incorrectText1":"depend on rice as its main source of food","incorrectText2":"adopt policies of neutrality and isolation","incorrectText3":"acquire mineral-rich colonies on other continents"}, {"itemType":"38CTTRF38X7325C","questionText":"What was a significant effect of Mansa Musa�s pilgrimage to Mecca?","correctAnswerText":"Islamic learning and culture expanded in Mali.","incorrectText1":"The African written language spread to southwest Asia.","incorrectText2":"Military leaders eventually controlled Mali.","incorrectText3":"The trading of gold for salt ended."}, {"itemType":"BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9","questionText":"Which technological advancement helped unify both the Roman and the Inca Empires?","correctAnswerText":"road system","incorrectText1":"astrolabe","incorrectText2":"gunpowder","incorrectText3":"wheeled carts"}, {"itemType":"9UYVCNJEO4SL600","questionText":"Since 1948, a major reason for the conflict between Arabs and Israelis is that each side","correctAnswerText":"claims sovereignty over the same land","incorrectText1":"wants the huge oil reserves that lie under the disputed land","incorrectText2":"believes that the United States favors the other side in the conflict","incorrectText3":"seeks to control trade on the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea"}, {"itemType":"SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ","questionText":"� Egypt builds the Aswan Dam to control flooding and produce hydroelectric power. � China builds the Three Gorges Dam to control flooding and improve trade. � Brazil builds the Tucuru� Dam in the tropical rain forest to produce hydroelectric power. Which conclusion can be drawn from these statements?","correctAnswerText":"Societies often modify their environment to meet their needs.","incorrectText1":"Monsoons are needed for the development of societies.","incorrectText2":"Topography creates challenges that societies are unable to overcome.","incorrectText3":"Land features influence the development of diverse belief systems."}, {"itemType":"FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP","questionText":"�Tensions Increase Over Kashmir� �Hindus and Muslims Clash in Calcutta Riots� �Threat of Nuclear Conflict Worries World�. These headlines refer to events in which region?","correctAnswerText":"subcontinent of India","incorrectText1":"Latin America","incorrectText2":"sub-Saharan Africa","incorrectText3":"East Asia"}, {"itemType":"YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3","questionText":"The growth of maritime and overland trading routes led to","correctAnswerText":"increased cultural diffusion","incorrectText1":"decreased interest in inventions and technology","incorrectText2":" limited migration of peoples","incorrectText3":"the development of subsistence agriculture"}, {"itemType":"MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI","questionText":"Before the use of the Silk Road, how did geography affect early China?","correctAnswerText":"The mountains and deserts in western and southwestern China slowed the exchange of ideas.","incorrectText1":"The northwestern region provided many fertile areas suitable for farming.","incorrectText2":"The three major river systems provided barriers against invasion.","incorrectText3":"The lack of deep-water ports on the eastern coast prevented China from developing trade with other nations."}, {"itemType":"A9BBHEWS99VQPQG","questionText":"The travels of Marco Polo and of Ibn Battuta were similar in that these travels","correctAnswerText":"stimulated the expansion of trade","incorrectText1":"led to nationalistic movements","incorrectText2":"helped to spread the ideas of religious leaders","incorrectText3":"supported democratic forms of government"}, {"itemType":"HWHPLOAQRN459YD","questionText":"During the Commercial Revolution, where did trading centers most often develop?","correctAnswerText":"along waterways","incorrectText1":"in the mountains","incorrectText2":"near grasslands","incorrectText3":"on the tundra"}, {"itemType":"ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH","questionText":"A study of Aztec, Maya, and Inca agricultural systems would show that these civilizations","correctAnswerText":"adapted to their environments with creative farming techniques","incorrectText1":"relied on mechanized agricultural techniques","incorrectText2":"carried on extensive food trade with each other","incorrectText3":"relied on a single-crop economy"}, {"itemType":"PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3","questionText":"Between 1845 and 1860, which factor caused a large decline in Ireland�s population?","correctAnswerText":"famine","incorrectText1":"plague","incorrectText2":"civil war","incorrectText3":"war against Spain"}, {"itemType":"M32KSEKMXP9VM9H","questionText":"The ability of the Ottoman Empire to expand its borders depended on","correctAnswerText":"strategic location between Europe and Asia","incorrectText1":"military assistance from western Europe","incorrectText2":"extensive trade with the Americas","incorrectText3":"alliances formed during World War I"}, {"itemType":"9NK0N52O2K7MILW","questionText":"Deforestation, acid rain, and the greenhouse effect are major world problems that indicate a need for","correctAnswerText":"cooperation between nations to reduce pollution and environmental destruction","incorrectText1":"the development of mass transit systems in developing nations","incorrectText2":"an increase in the worldwide production of oil","incorrectText3":"a reduction in crop production in some areas of the world"}, {"itemType":"ACVORE5RIFGXI9T","questionText":"During which period did the domestication of animals and growing of crops first occur?","correctAnswerText":"Neolithic Revolution","incorrectText1":"Iron Age","incorrectText2":"Old Stone Age","incorrectText3":"Scientific Revolution"}, {"itemType":"W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG","questionText":"� The fertile soil of river valleys allowed early civilizations to develop and flourish. � In the 1500s and 1600s, control of the Strait of Malacca determined who traded in the Spice Islands. � Because Japan is an island that is mostly mountainous, people live in densely populated areas along the coast. Which conclusion is best supported by these statements?","correctAnswerText":"The geography of a nation or region influences its development.","incorrectText1":"Major urban centers are found only along rivers.","incorrectText2":"Without mountains and rivers, people cannot develop a culture.","incorrectText3":"The spread of new ideas is discouraged by trade and conquest."}, {"itemType":"0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ","questionText":"Which statement about cultural diffusion in Asia is most accurate?","correctAnswerText":"Chinese ideas and practices spread into Korea and Japan.","incorrectText1":"Byzantine traders brought the Justinian Code to China.","incorrectText2":"Roman legions introduced Christianity to India.","incorrectText3":"Indian monks brought Islam to the Middle East."}, {"itemType":"LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z","questionText":"Venice in Europe, Mogadishu in Africa, and Canton in China emerged during the 13th century primarily as important centers of","correctAnswerText":"trade","incorrectText1":"agriculture","incorrectText2":"manufacturing","incorrectText3":"mining"}, {"itemType":"6J6SIRWPNI6IONR","questionText":"The major reason that Portugal and Spain established water routes to Asia�s spice markets was to","correctAnswerText":"avoid the overland routes that were controlled by Muslim traders","incorrectText1":"experiment with new technology such as the astrolabe and sextant","incorrectText2":"provide jobs for navigators, cartographers, and shipbuilders","incorrectText3":"discover new continents, plants, and animals"}, {"itemType":"JOJC5JND6O7R6NH","questionText":"Which geographic feature made it difficult to unify South America?","correctAnswerText":"Andes Mountains","incorrectText1":"Straits of Magellan","incorrectText2":"Gulf of Mexico","incorrectText3":"Argentinian pampas"}, {"itemType":"TX38PQXUNZK77UN","questionText":"How did geography affect both Napoleon�s invasion and Hitler�s invasion of Russia?","correctAnswerText":"The climate created obstacles to success.","incorrectText1":"Deserts made invasion possible.","incorrectText2":"The tundra enabled the movements of troops.","incorrectText3":"Warm-water ports prevented the flow of supplies."}, {"itemType":"IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW","questionText":"During the Indian independence movement, many Muslims in India demanded a separate state of Pakistan to","correctAnswerText":"address concerns about their status as a religious minority","incorrectText1":"remain under British control","incorrectText2":"prevent future invasions from Afghanistan and China","incorrectText3":"protect the sacred rivers, the Indus and the Ganges"}, {"itemType":"B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68","questionText":"� Chernobyl experiences nuclear disaster. � Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) deplete the ozone layer. � Rivers and seas are polluted throughout the world. Which conclusion can best be drawn from these statements?","correctAnswerText":"Modern technology can have serious negative effects.","incorrectText1":"Today�s environment renews itself.","incorrectText2":"Only developing nations have environmental problems.","incorrectText3":"Most environmental problems originate in Europe."}, {"itemType":"Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV","questionText":"Which factor is most responsible for the international importance of the Middle East?","correctAnswerText":"vital natural resources in a strategic location","incorrectText1":"innovative political and social reforms","incorrectText2":"superior weapons technology","incorrectText3":"advanced scientific and industrial development"}, {"itemType":"0WK63DOOS2FXIQR","questionText":"� Oceans are an important source of food in Japan. � Terrace farming is used in many parts of China. � Irrigation systems are widely used in India. Which conclusion can best be drawn from these statements?","correctAnswerText":"People adapt to meet the challenges of their geography.","incorrectText1":"Many civilizations use irrigation to improve crop production.","incorrectText2":"Fish provide adequate protein for the Japanese.","incorrectText3":"Most nations are dependent on the same food source."}, {"itemType":"LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y","questionText":"Which statement most accurately describes how geography affected the growth of the ancient civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia?","correctAnswerText":"River valleys provided rich soil to grow plentiful crops.","incorrectText1":"Large deserts provided many mineral deposits.","incorrectText2":"Access to the Atlantic Ocean provided trade routes.","incorrectText3":"Large savanna areas provided protection from invaders."}, {"itemType":"WA72MFJ0LXADZMV","questionText":"The Phoenicians are often referred to as the �carriers of civilization� because they","correctAnswerText":"traded goods and spread ideas throughout the Mediterranean region","incorrectText1":"introduced Islam and Christianity to Central Africa","incorrectText2":"established colonies throughout northern Europe","incorrectText3":"developed the first carts with wheels"}, {"itemType":"F4PB21EHTG20GMV","questionText":"The exchange of silks and spices and the spread of Buddhism along the Silk Roads are examples of","correctAnswerText":"cultural diffusion ","incorrectText1":"ethnocentrism","incorrectText2":"self-sufficiency","incorrectText3":"desertification"}, {"itemType":"RQFKPE3OR6A25JD","questionText":"Kievian Russia adopted the Eastern Orthodox religion, the Cyrillic alphabet, and different styles of art and architecture through contact with","correctAnswerText":"missionaries from the Byzantine Empire","incorrectText1":"traders from South Asia","incorrectText2":"conquering invaders from Mongolia","incorrectText3":"crusaders from western Europe"}, {"itemType":"I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ","questionText":"What was one reason that some Italian cities developed into major commercial and cultural centers during the 13th and 14th centuries?","correctAnswerText":"geographic location","incorrectText1":"unified central government","incorrectText2":"isolationist economic policies","incorrectText3":"system of social equality"}, {"itemType":"6KQZN538LCU7K9W","questionText":"The foreign policy of many Russian rulers supported the country�s desire for","correctAnswerText":"warm-water ports","incorrectText1":"access to inland cities","incorrectText2":"more mineral resources","incorrectText3":"extensive canal systems"}, {"itemType":"XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG","questionText":"The Opium Wars in China and the expedition of Commodore Matthew Perry to Japan resulted in","correctAnswerText":"an increase in Western trade and influence in Asia","incorrectText1":"the economic isolation of China and Japan","incorrectText2":"an increase in Chinese influence in Asia","incorrectText3":"the beginning of democratic governments in China and Japan"}, {"itemType":"LFNB87QHK1KPSO1","questionText":"Which important principle was established as a result of the Nuremberg trials?","correctAnswerText":"Individuals can be held accountable for �crimes against humanity.�","incorrectText1":"Defeated nations have no rights in international courts of law.","incorrectText2":"Soldiers must follow the orders of their superiors.","incorrectText3":"Aggressor nations must pay war reparations for damages caused during wars."}, {"itemType":"YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1","questionText":"Most of the world�s known oil reserves are located near which geographic area?","correctAnswerText":"Persian Gulf","incorrectText1":"Ural Mountains","incorrectText2":"North Sea","incorrectText3":"Gulf of Mexico"}, {"itemType":"34BUUBUS07QUA6M","questionText":"Which geographic factor in Russia played a role in Napoleon�s defeat in 1812 and Hitler�s defeat at Stalingrad in 1943?","correctAnswerText":"harsh climate","incorrectText1":"Siberian tundra","incorrectText2":"arid land","incorrectText3":"Caspian Sea"}, {"itemType":"NORRDWZROR868GG","questionText":"�. . . The daily tasks of the women are to milk the cattle in the morning and evening, and to fetch water as required. By using their donkeys it is possible for them to bring back enough water to last two or three days. When the settlement moves, on average about once every five weeks, each woman is responsible for moving her hut and rebuilding it. All the necessary movables, including hides, wooden containers and important struts in the framework of the hut, can normally be carried by two donkeys. Older women rely on their daughters, their younger co-wives, and their sons� wives for help in all these tasks. . . .� Source: Paul Spencer, The Samburu, University of California Press, 1965. Based on This passage, the Samburu people would be classified as","correctAnswerText":"nomads","incorrectText1":"commercial farmers","incorrectText2":"urban dwellers","incorrectText3":"serfs"}, {"itemType":"20E6K97FCPOIUK3","questionText":"How did topography and climate affect the history of Africa?","correctAnswerText":"European colonization of central Africa was delayed.","incorrectText1":"The slave trade declined in western Africa.","incorrectText2":"Islam spread into southern Africa.","incorrectText3":"Trade increased between southern and northern Africa."}, {"itemType":"B7PFLDEF4F7G29R","questionText":"Italy, Korea, Spain, and India are similar in that each is considered","correctAnswerText":"a peninsula","incorrectText1":"an archipelago","incorrectText2":"a landlocked nation","incorrectText3":"an island nation"}, {"itemType":"5MH112LCJ8OZFJM","questionText":"Which geographic feature was common to the development of civilizations in ancient Egypt, China, India, and Mesopotamia?","correctAnswerText":"river valleys","incorrectText1":"rain forests","incorrectText2":"deserts","incorrectText3":"mountains"}, {"itemType":"QSACQ30L9JIL10F","questionText":"After the western Roman Empire fell to Germanic invaders in the 5th century A.D., the eastern part of the empire eventually became known as the","correctAnswerText":"Byzantine Empire","incorrectText1":"Carthaginian Empire","incorrectText2":"Islamic Empire","incorrectText3":"Persian Empire"}, {"itemType":"9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ","questionText":"� In less than 50 years, it was the largest unified land empire in history. � In 1279, it was the first foreign group to gain complete control of China. � It made the caravan routes across Asia safe for trade and travel. � When attempting to conquer Japan in 1274 and 1281, its fleets were destroyed by storms. Which empire is most closely associated with these statements?","correctAnswerText":"Mongol","incorrectText1":"Persian","incorrectText2":"Ottoman","incorrectText3":"Gupta"}, {"itemType":"CRTDFM43DP4R453","questionText":"How did the Inca adapt to their physical environment?","correctAnswerText":"They built footbridges that connected their roads across the Andes.","incorrectText1":"They built large fishing fleets to feed their populations.","incorrectText2":"They established extensive trade agreements with Europe.","incorrectText3":"They raised cattle and horses on the pampas."}, {"itemType":"FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR","questionText":"The need to possess warm-water ports greatly influenced the foreign policy of which nation?","correctAnswerText":"Russia","incorrectText1":"England","incorrectText2":"France","incorrectText3":"Egypt"}, {"itemType":"IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0","questionText":"The partition of India and the division of Yugoslavia were similar in that both were divided","correctAnswerText":"because of religious or ethnic differences","incorrectText1":"as a result of the Berlin Conference","incorrectText2":"to form communist and noncommunist states","incorrectText3":"to conform to United Nations guidelines"}, {"itemType":"6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP","questionText":"The reason that the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) greatly influences the world today is that it","correctAnswerText":"manages the oil supply that affects the global economy","incorrectText1":"commands the loyalty of the worldwide Islamic community","incorrectText2":"develops and exports important technology","incorrectText3":"controls access to trade routes between the East and West"}, {"itemType":"5WFRV6D1AF857M2","questionText":"Several geographic features in the Balkans, including location, have helped lead to the","correctAnswerText":"cultural diversity of the region","incorrectText1":"peaceful development of the region","incorrectText2":"development of democracy in the region","incorrectText3":"growing wealth of the region"}, {"itemType":"ICALETH1G91HXTE","questionText":"Control of the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits was a strategic objective in both World War I and World War II because these straits","correctAnswerText":"provide access from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea","incorrectText1":"link Africa to Europe","incorrectText2":"allow waterway passage into Germany","incorrectText3":"separate Italy from the Balkan peninsula"}, {"itemType":"6HN4D643RTBD5SO","questionText":"Which geographic factor had the greatest influence on the early history of South Asia and China?","correctAnswerText":"river valleys","incorrectText1":"vast coastlines","incorrectText2":"island locations","incorrectText3":"tropical rain forests"}, {"itemType":"5KYWZNHEGDGC56G","questionText":"One effect of rugged, mountainous geography on the civilization of ancient Greece was the development of","correctAnswerText":"separate, independent city-states","incorrectText1":"absolute monarchies","incorrectText2":"extensive trade with the Persians","incorrectText3":"belief in one God"}, {"itemType":"5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK","questionText":"Which fact relating to early Japan was a result of the other three?","correctAnswerText":"The Japanese developed a nature-based belief called Shinto.","incorrectText1":"Japan experienced earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.","incorrectText2":"Tsunamis and typhoons sometimes destroyed coastal Japanese villages.","incorrectText3":"Mountains are found throughout the islands of Japan."}, {"itemType":"8L2TET9XHNDJDY6","questionText":"When Koreans call their land �a shrimp among whales,� they are referring to","correctAnswerText":"their location between powerful neighbors: Russia, China, and Japan","incorrectText1":"the mountains that cover much of the Korean peninsula","incorrectText2":"the environmental damage caused by overfishing in the Pacific","incorrectText3":"their traditional respect for the sea"}, {"itemType":"GON3JDO53HYHEHP","questionText":"The main reason Japan invaded Southeast Asia during World War II was to","correctAnswerText":"acquire supplies of oil and rubber","incorrectText1":"recruit more men for its army","incorrectText2":"satisfy the Japanese people�s need for spices","incorrectText3":"prevent the United States from entering the war"}, {"itemType":"17S7REU8QQJYUYZ","questionText":"In India, urbanization affected society by","correctAnswerText":"weakening the traditional caste system","incorrectText1":"reinforcing Hindu beliefs","incorrectText2":"encouraging native arts and crafts","incorrectText3":"increasing the number of farmers"}, {"itemType":"11Y568S0S231L12","questionText":"The Panama Canal and Suez Canal are similar in that both","correctAnswerText":"shortened shipping routes between major bodies of water","incorrectText1":"were built by the British to expand their empire","incorrectText2":"replaced the Silk Road as the world�s main trade route","incorrectText3":"directly connected the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans"}, {"itemType":"A21ZEU2LRRWODOM","questionText":"Which geographic feature had the greatest influence on the development of ancient civilizations?","correctAnswerText":"river valleys","incorrectText1":"dense forests","incorrectText2":"smooth coastlines","incorrectText3":"mountain passes "}, {"itemType":"6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ","questionText":"What was one cause of the development of many small independent city-states in ancient Greece?","correctAnswerText":"The mountainous terrain of Greece resulted in widely scattered settlements.","incorrectText1":"Greece and Rome were often at war.","incorrectText2":"Military leaders found small Greek settlements easy to control.","incorrectText3":"The Greek people had many different languages and religions."}, {"itemType":"LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0","questionText":"In India, Bangladesh, and much of Southeast Asia, agricultural productivity is most affected by the","correctAnswerText":"seasonal monsoons","incorrectText1":" numerous deserts","incorrectText2":"unnavigable rivers","incorrectText3":"cold climate"}, {"itemType":"4M68F8AH54RB0JZ","questionText":"Many achievements of Islamic civilization reached European society by way of the","correctAnswerText":"Crusades and eastern Mediterranean trading networks","incorrectText1":"merchant guilds and the Industrial Revolution","incorrectText2":"Middle Passage and the Columbian Exchange","incorrectText3":"conquests of the Germanic tribes and trade along the Silk Road"}, {"itemType":"R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ","questionText":"Which statement about the geography of Africa is most accurate?","correctAnswerText":"The variety of geographic barriers has served to promote cultural diversity.","incorrectText1":"Much of the land in Africa is below sea level.","incorrectText2":"Africa has an irregular coastline with many natural harbors.","incorrectText3":"Much of the land in Africa is tundra and forest."}, {"itemType":"9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV","questionText":"Which statement best describes an impact of geography on the history of the Korean peninsula?","correctAnswerText":"Location has led to invasion and occupation by other nations.","incorrectText1":"Large deserts have led to isolation.","incorrectText2":"Lack of rivers has limited food production.","incorrectText3":"Lack of natural resources has prevented development of manufacturing."}, {"itemType":"FZLOFTA7JBEINNX","questionText":"During the late 19th century, which geographic factor helped attract European investors to southern Africa and southeast Asia?","correctAnswerText":"natural resources","incorrectText1":"smooth coastlines","incorrectText2":"navigable rivers","incorrectText3":"temperate climates"}]},
{
"itemId": "C9AC55A787FD7B6BDEC6ABB",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "economics set 1",
"navBarTitleText": "economics set 1",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{"itemType":"FU9DRRDLASG0B18","questionText":"Which type of economic system relies primarily on hunting, gathering, herding, and farming to maintain self-sufficiency?","correctAnswerText":"Traditional","incorrectText1":"capitalism","incorrectText2":"command","incorrectText3":"mixed"}, {"itemType":"29V66H94IK4K1K5","questionText":"Around the 14th century, why were the cities of Nanjing, Calicut, Mogadishu, and Venice significant?","correctAnswerText":"Major centers of trading activity flourished there.","incorrectText1":"The first democracies emerged there.","incorrectText2":"Islamic religious centers developed there.","incorrectText3":"The Portuguese established colonies there."}, {"itemType":"MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0","questionText":"The West African kingdom of Mali grew in wealth and power by controlling the trading of","correctAnswerText":"gold and salt","incorrectText1":"oil and coal","incorrectText2":"timber and fish","incorrectText3":"sugar and ivory"}, {"itemType":"MMPPPQTR96W85B9","questionText":"Which key factor fueled competition between European countries for colonies in the Americas?","correctAnswerText":"the desire to control sources of gold and silver","incorrectText1":"a European shortage of pepper and nutmeg","incorrectText2":"a mandate from the papacy","incorrectText3":"the need to secure laborers for factories in Europe"}, {"itemType":"V1LX77TKH98RRK5","questionText":"The development of cash-crop economies promotes globalization by","correctAnswerText":"meeting demands outside the region of production","incorrectText1":"establishing communities that are self-sufficient","incorrectText2":"maintaining the diversity of indigenous agriculture","incorrectText3":"equalizing the standard of living for peasant populations"}, {"itemType":"9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL","questionText":"Adam Smith�s laissez-faire theories are most closely associated with","correctAnswerText":"minimal government regulation of the economy","incorrectText1":"the separation of church and state","incorrectText2":"a command economy","incorrectText3":"high tariffs to protect domestic businesses"}, {"itemType":"W8NPG9KNA7FY64R","questionText":"Which goal did Joseph Stalin establish for the Soviet Union?","correctAnswerText":"becoming an industrial power","incorrectText1":"creating a golden age of culture","incorrectText2":"instituting a parliamentary monarchy","incorrectText3":"easing tensions using d�tente"}, {"itemType":"W51PW4MEE1QROQ1","questionText":"What was a key cause for the rise of fascism in nations such as Italy and Germany?","correctAnswerText":"economic hardship","incorrectText1":"collectivization","incorrectText2":"genocide","incorrectText3":"secret treaties"}, {"itemType":"5XGL523ABIUTY7R","questionText":"One function of both the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the European Union (EU) is to","correctAnswerText":"reduce economic barriers","incorrectText1":"oppose economic integration","incorrectText2":"promote immigration","incorrectText3":"eliminate unemployment"}, {"itemType":"4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT","questionText":"The West African empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai were able to thrive because","correctAnswerText":"they controlled the gold-salt trade","incorrectText1":"their herds of cattle were in demand","incorrectText2":"their armies took control of much of Africa","incorrectText3":"they adopted Christianity as their primary religion"}, {"itemType":"WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4","questionText":"What was an immediate result of the Black Death?","correctAnswerText":"labor shortages","incorrectText1":"overseas exploration","incorrectText2":"decrease in anti-Semitism","incorrectText3":"improvements in medical science"}, {"itemType":"Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF","questionText":"Which policy is a country using when it regulates its colonies� imports and exports to produce a favorable balance of trade?","correctAnswerText":"mercantilism","incorrectText1":"embargo","incorrectText2":"outsourcing","incorrectText3":"transmigration"}, {"itemType":"3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5","questionText":"Which course of action does the theory of laissezfaire suggest a government should follow?","correctAnswerText":"letting natural laws regulate the economy","incorrectText1":"providing help for people in need","incorrectText2":"establishing businesses to create jobs","incorrectText3":"controlling the mineral resources of a country"}, {"itemType":"XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4","questionText":"Which condition was a result of Joseph Stalin�s command economy?","correctAnswerText":"The government controlled agriculture through collective farms.","incorrectText1":"Peasants were encouraged to sell surplus grain for personal profit.","incorrectText2":"The production of consumer goods increased.","incorrectText3":"National revenue increased allowing for greater individual spending."}, {"itemType":"6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4","questionText":"Which action was taken by Deng Xiaoping to improve the economy of China?","correctAnswerText":"encouraging some capitalist practices","incorrectText1":"discouraging foreign investment","incorrectText2":"organizing the Red Guard","incorrectText3":"practicing glasnost"}, {"itemType":"C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC","questionText":"The World Trade Organization (WTO), North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and European Union (EU) all share the primary goal of","correctAnswerText":"encouraging trade between countries and lowering trade barriers","incorrectText1":"promoting space exploration and maintaining satellites","incorrectText2":"increasing economic aid to developing nations","incorrectText3":"developing regulations to preserve the environment"}, {"itemType":"8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS","questionText":"In which economic system does the government make most major decisions about what to produce, how much to produce, and for whom the goods and services will be produced?","correctAnswerText":"command","incorrectText1":"traditional","incorrectText2":"mixed","incorrectText3":"market"}, {"itemType":"IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ","questionText":"Which characteristic was common to the cities of the Hanseatic League in Europe and the cities of the African kingdom of Ghana?","correctAnswerText":"location on key trade routes","incorrectText1":"indirect control by the papacy","incorrectText2":"management of local gold mines","incorrectText3":"development as centers of woolen industry"}, {"itemType":"9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF","questionText":"Which statement best describes a key aspect of mercantilism?","correctAnswerText":"acquiring colonies to provide a favorable balance of trade","incorrectText1":"removing tariffs to increase free trade between empires","incorrectText2":"eliminating private ownership of the means of production","incorrectText3":"encouraging subsistence agriculture"}, {"itemType":"HARJ6XE78XNCXSA","questionText":"In the late 1700s, the Industrial Revolution developed in Britain because Britain","correctAnswerText":" possessed key factors of production","incorrectText1":"excluded foreign investors","incorrectText2":"suppressed the enclosure movement","incorrectText3":"required a minimum wage be paid to workers"}, {"itemType":"8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A","questionText":"� The Opium War of 1839�42 was short and one-sided, due to the superiority of European weapons, which came as a complete surprise to the Chinese. In the first skirmish alone, in July 1839, two British warships defeated twenty-nine Chinese ships. On land, the Chinese and their medieval weapons were no match for British troops armed with state-of-the-art muskets. By the middle of 1842 British troops had seized Hong Kong, taken control of the key river deltas, and occupied Shanghai and several other cities. The Chinese were forced to sign a peace treaty that granted Hong Kong to the British, opened five ports for the free trade of all goods, and required the payment of reparations to the British in silver, including compensation for the opium that had been destroyed by Commissioner Lin.� � Tom Standage               Which term best characterizes the events described in this passage?","correctAnswerText":"imperialism","incorrectText1":"industrialization","incorrectText2":"containment","incorrectText3":"cultural diffusion"}, {"itemType":"6RC5YZ1KHUU0465","questionText":"The purpose of Mohandas Gandhi�s actions such as the Salt March and the textile boycott was to","correctAnswerText":"draw attention to critical issues","incorrectText1":"begin a cycle of armed revolution","incorrectText2":"increase the strength of the military","incorrectText3":"resist the power of religious leaders"}, {"itemType":"BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM","questionText":"�Price of Oil Hits Record High� �Tribes Fight Over Control of Natural Resources� �Government Rations Goods for Duration of War� These headlines all relate to the economic concept of","correctAnswerText":"scarcity","incorrectText1":"overproduction","incorrectText2":"entrepreneurship","incorrectText3":"interdependence"}, {"itemType":"HSF4BRDGX2SXB69","questionText":"The development of banking during the Commercial Revolution in western Europe was significant because it","correctAnswerText":"provided capital resources to merchants for investment","incorrectText1":"allowed peasant farmers to finance the construction of new homes","incorrectText2":"enabled the proletariat to challenge the bourgeoisie","incorrectText3":"created pensions for retired workers"}, {"itemType":"9TINW08CRITM2N9","questionText":"In colonial Spanish America, which system was developed by the Spanish to support plantation agriculture?","correctAnswerText":"encomienda ","incorrectText1":"barter","incorrectText2":"domestic","incorrectText3":"guild"}, {"itemType":"IR07J676OISB4HU","questionText":"One major reason European countries engaged in imperialism in the late 19th century was to","correctAnswerText":"obtain markets for their manufactured goods","incorrectText1":"gain a better understanding of unknown territories","incorrectText2":"ease tensions with their rivals","incorrectText3":"develop treatments for diseases"}, {"itemType":"DVK5QLN0B25CP5N","questionText":"The economic policies of Mikhail Gorbachev of the Soviet Union and of Deng Xiaoping of China included","correctAnswerText":"elements of capitalism","incorrectText1":"boycotts on foreign products","incorrectText2":"a one-child policy","incorrectText3":"a reliance on agricultural self-sufficiency"}, {"itemType":"V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY","questionText":"The creation of the European Union (EU) and of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) were efforts to","correctAnswerText":"attain economic benefits through regional organization","incorrectText1":"achieve world peace through military alliances","incorrectText2":"reduce resource depletion through economic planning","incorrectText3":"address environmental problems through coordinated research"}, {"itemType":"KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I","questionText":"Forced famine in Ukraine (1932�1933) was a direct result of","correctAnswerText":"Joseph Stalin�s collectivization","incorrectText1":"Czar Nicholas�s involvement in World War I","incorrectText2":"Vladmir Lenin�s New Economic Policy","incorrectText3":"Nikita Khrushchev�s removal from power"}, {"itemType":"3S3OX0N305A2N1R","questionText":"Which concept is essential to the study of economic systems?","correctAnswerText":"factors of production","incorrectText1":"self-determination","incorrectText2":"citizenship","incorrectText3":"human rights"}, {"itemType":"OVVV5FJUTV71M45","questionText":"Development and expansion of banking, insurance companies, and stock exchanges were essential to the system of","correctAnswerText":"capitalism","incorrectText1":"feudalism","incorrectText2":"tribute","incorrectText3":"bartering"}, {"itemType":"YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP","questionText":"In the 17th and 18th centuries, the primary goal of mercantilism as practiced by European countries was to","correctAnswerText":"increase their supply of gold and silver through a favorable balance of trade","incorrectText1":"glorify the power and aggressiveness of the military","incorrectText2":"create laws which guaranteed individual freedoms","incorrectText3":"teach the natives Christianity and offer them protection in exchange for labor"}, {"itemType":"9ATK959C2RJDRXK","questionText":"� Abundant coal resources � Development of steam power � Building of an extensive canal system. In the late 1700s, these conditions allowed the Industrial Revolution to begin in","correctAnswerText":"England","incorrectText1":"Japan","incorrectText2":"Russia","incorrectText3":"Germany"}, {"itemType":"I515USMBMX2R1D3","questionText":"Laissez-faire practices are most closely associated with a","correctAnswerText":"market economy","incorrectText1":"traditional economy","incorrectText2":"command economy","incorrectText3":"mixed economy"}, {"itemType":"9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI","questionText":"Which statement about the Soviet economy under Joseph Stalin is accurate?","correctAnswerText":"The Soviet Union increased its power by developing heavy industry.","incorrectText1":"The government reduced its role in planning industrial production.","incorrectText2":"Farmers were encouraged to compete in a free market economy.","incorrectText3":"A large selection of consumer goods became available in the Soviet Union."}, {"itemType":"EPCP98OYHVDOU4A","questionText":"The main reason oil-producing states formed the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was to","correctAnswerText":"influence the price of oil and set production levels","incorrectText1":"promote foreign ownership of oil fields","incorrectText2":"lift economic sanctions and establish free trade","incorrectText3":"improve trade relations with the West"}, {"itemType":"KICKKXSXUCGKDYT","questionText":"During the rise of capitalism in Europe, merchants and bankers began to establish","correctAnswerText":"insurance companies and joint stock companies","incorrectText1":"systems based on bartering","incorrectText2":"rules that forbid loans to the wealthy","incorrectText3":"quotas to control production"}, {"itemType":"HQSUDLM4W56G5G3","questionText":"The term mercantilism is best described as","correctAnswerText":"an economic policy in which a colonial power controls trade","incorrectText1":"an international policy of laissez-faire economics","incorrectText2":"a network linking industrialized nations","incorrectText3":"an exchange of land between nobles"}, {"itemType":"M6L7YCS6YVBNI48","questionText":"Adam Smith�s Wealth of Nations stressed the importance of","correctAnswerText":"supply and demand","incorrectText1":"tradition","incorrectText2":"large corporations","incorrectText3":"government ownership"}, {"itemType":"TBIDXY8QT09WZDG","questionText":"Which social change occurred during the Industrial Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"growth of the working class","incorrectText1":"development of the extended family","incorrectText2":"expansion of privileges for the landed nobility","incorrectText3":"increased status for religious leaders"}, {"itemType":"QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD","questionText":"A primary objective of the New Economic Policy (NEP) in the Soviet Union was to","correctAnswerText":"gain stability by increasing production","incorrectText1":"promote private ownership of heavy industry","incorrectText2":"organize support for educational reforms to improve literacy","incorrectText3":"coordinate efforts to end World War I"}, {"itemType":"IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU","questionText":"In which economic system used by early civilizations are decisions about the distribution of goods based primarily on customs, beliefs, and habits?","correctAnswerText":"traditional","incorrectText1":"mixed","incorrectText2":"free-market","incorrectText3":"command"}, {"itemType":"9150158FNA5XOVV","questionText":"The best definition of subsistence agriculture is","correctAnswerText":"producing just enough food for a family�s use","incorrectText1":"supplying crops for overseas exports","incorrectText2":"bartering crops for manufactured goods","incorrectText3":"storing surplus food in case of famine"}, {"itemType":"OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0","questionText":"One similarity between the Nile River valley and savanna lands in Africa is that they both","correctAnswerText":"provided necessary resources for settlement","incorrectText1":"served as major barriers to the movement of people and goods","incorrectText2":"are located on the western side of the continent","incorrectText3":"had little effect on the lives of the people who lived in these regions"}, {"itemType":"UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U","questionText":"One effect of the encomienda system in Latin America was that it","correctAnswerText":"exploited indigenous peoples","incorrectText1":"eliminated the use of guilds","incorrectText2":"promoted isolationism","incorrectText3":"reduced Spanish influence"}, {"itemType":"VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP","questionText":"Which pair of natural resources were used to change transportation and manufacturing in Great Britain during the Industrial Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"coal and iron ore","incorrectText1":"gold and salt","incorrectText2":"diamonds and petroleum","incorrectText3":"copper and tin"}, {"itemType":"8UKFL9QB8570RXP","questionText":"The rise of fascism in Germany between World War I and World War II is often associated with the","correctAnswerText":"impact of the global economic depression","incorrectText1":"promotion of ethnic diversity","incorrectText2":"appeal of the doctrine of nonviolence","incorrectText3":"establishment of a strong parliamentary system"}, {"itemType":"FX96LMXJUNBPTWL","questionText":"An objective of the European Union (EU) for the early 21st century is to","correctAnswerText":"further integrate its economic system","incorrectText1":"withdraw from its military alliances","incorrectText2":"establish a nuclear buffer zone","incorrectText3":"limit production of alternative fuels"}, {"itemType":"4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW","questionText":"Which title best completes the partial outline below? I. ________________________________ A. Sugar, tobacco, and cotton to Europe B. Textiles, rum, and manufactured goods to Africa C. Enslaved Africans to the Americas","correctAnswerText":"Elements of Triangular Trade","incorrectText1":"Trade Within the Hanseatic League","incorrectText2":"Factors of Industrialization","incorrectText3":"Results of the Congress of Vienna"}, {"itemType":"FTV4F5OFSF293XL","questionText":"An economist who focused on ancient societies would most likely study the","correctAnswerText":"development of trade","incorrectText1":"evolution of family patterns","incorrectText2":"effect of fire on the lives of the people","incorrectText3":"role of religion in river valley civilizations"}, {"itemType":"HI4X8VLDXB6CU97","questionText":"During the European Middle Ages, guilds were created to","correctAnswerText":"standardize goods and prices","incorrectText1":"obtain better working conditions in factories","incorrectText2":"regulate the money supply","incorrectText3":"increase competition"}, {"itemType":"38CTTRF38X7325C","questionText":"During the first Global Age (A.D. 1450�1770), European countries obtained both a source of raw materials and a reliable market for their finished goods by developing","correctAnswerText":"the policy of mercantilism","incorrectText1":"laissez-faire principles","incorrectText2":"trade cooperatives","incorrectText3":"forts along the Silk Roads"}, {"itemType":"BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9","questionText":"One reason for the mass migration of many Irish to North America in the 19th century was","correctAnswerText":"a series of crop failures","incorrectText1":"enforcement of a military draft","incorrectText2":"civil war in Ireland","incorrectText3":"an outbreak of malaria"}, {"itemType":"9UYVCNJEO4SL600","questionText":"Which statement best reflects an effect of imperialism in Africa?","correctAnswerText":"Natural resources were exploited for the benefit of European powers.","incorrectText1":"Land was distributed equally between social classes.","incorrectText2":"Territorial divisions were primarily established using tribal boundaries.","incorrectText3":"Timbuktu became the center of great learning."}, {"itemType":"SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ","questionText":"Which political leader gained power as a result of the failing economy of the Weimar Republic?","correctAnswerText":"Adolf Hitler","incorrectText1":"Benito Mussolini","incorrectText2":"Francisco Franco","incorrectText3":"Charles de Gaulle"}, {"itemType":"FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP","questionText":"What was a direct result of the Four Modernizations introduced in China by Deng Xiaoping?","correctAnswerText":"Economic opportunities were expanded.","incorrectText1":"Freedom of speech was guaranteed.","incorrectText2":"Goods and services were evenly distributed.","incorrectText3":"Fewer consumer goods were produced."}, {"itemType":"YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3","questionText":"What is a major feature of a traditional economy?","correctAnswerText":"bartering for goods and services","incorrectText1":"nationalizing foreign-owned businesses","incorrectText2":"determining prices using a free market","incorrectText3":"establishing quotas based on five-year plans"}, {"itemType":"MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI","questionText":"Speaker A: We must fight to keep control of Jerusalem in the hands of those who believe in Allah. Speaker B: Come and battle while there is still time to protect the Holy Land where Christ walked. Speaker C: We must go forth to heal the split between the churches. Speaker D: An investment in ships and knights will yield control of profitable trade routes..   Which speaker is expressing an economic motive for the Crusades?","correctAnswerText":"D","incorrectText1":"A","incorrectText2":"B","incorrectText3":"C"}, {"itemType":"A9BBHEWS99VQPQG","questionText":"The bubonic plague affected economic development in medieval times by","correctAnswerText":"causing production to decline and prices to rise","incorrectText1":"encouraging the introduction of new types of crops","incorrectText2":"sparking the ideas of socialism and reform","incorrectText3":"destroying the guild system"}, {"itemType":"HWHPLOAQRN459YD","questionText":"During the Ming dynasty, why did China enjoy a favorable balance of trade with Europe?","correctAnswerText":"Chinese silk continued to be in high demand in Europe.","incorrectText1":"The Ming dynasty imported numerous manufactured goods from Europe.","incorrectText2":"China exported large quantities of opium to European traders.","incorrectText3":"The Ming dynasty paid tribute to European traders."}, {"itemType":"ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH","questionText":"Which statement represents a central idea of laissez-faire economics?","correctAnswerText":"Prices are best determined by supply and demand.","incorrectText1":"Class struggles are based on inequities.","incorrectText2":"Workers should form unions to better their conditions.","incorrectText3":"The government should own all means of production."}, {"itemType":"PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3","questionText":"In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Japan rapidly industrialized. During which period did this change take place?","correctAnswerText":"Meiji Restoration","incorrectText1":"Heian Court","incorrectText2":"Yuan dynasty","incorrectText3":"Song dynasty"}, {"itemType":"M32KSEKMXP9VM9H","questionText":"Which factor led to the rise of communist revolutions in Russia and in China?","correctAnswerText":"unequal distribution of wealth between social classes","incorrectText1":"increase in agricultural production around the world","incorrectText2":"onset of the global depression that restricted trade","incorrectText3":"scarcity of workers for available jobs "}, {"itemType":"9NK0N52O2K7MILW","questionText":"Which action is associated with Joseph Stalin?","correctAnswerText":"establishing five-year plans","incorrectText1":"expanding privatization","incorrectText2":"encouraging glasnost","incorrectText3":"promoting d�tente"}, {"itemType":"ACVORE5RIFGXI9T","questionText":"In the European feudal system under manorialism, what is the most significant economic commodity?","correctAnswerText":"land","incorrectText1":"livestock","incorrectText2":"gold and silver","incorrectText3":"sugar and spices"}, {"itemType":"W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG","questionText":"Which statement best describes an aspect of a command economy?","correctAnswerText":"Government directs and controls the means of production.","incorrectText1":"Profit motivates individuals to set up private businesses.","incorrectText2":"Tradition, religion, and customs heavily influence economic decisions.","incorrectText3":"Supply and demand regulate the economy."}, {"itemType":"0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ","questionText":"What is a primary characteristic of a feudal society?","correctAnswerText":"an exchange of land for services","incorrectText1":"a representative government","incorrectText2":"economic equality for all","incorrectText3":"protection of individual rights"}, {"itemType":"LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z","questionText":"Under the Old Regime in France, the burden of taxation fell mostly on the","correctAnswerText":"commoners","incorrectText1":"monarchy","incorrectText2":"nobles","incorrectText3":"clergy"}, {"itemType":"6J6SIRWPNI6IONR","questionText":"During the late 19th century, Japan�s lack of natural resources was one reason for implementing a policy of","correctAnswerText":"imperialism","incorrectText1":"collectivization","incorrectText2":"socialism","incorrectText3":"free trade"}, {"itemType":"JOJC5JND6O7R6NH","questionText":"One reason the Bolsheviks gained peasant support during the Russian Revolution was because the Bolsheviks promised to","correctAnswerText":"redistribute land","incorrectText1":"abolish communes","incorrectText2":"bring modern technology to Russian farms","incorrectText3":"maintain an agricultural price-support program"}, {"itemType":"TX38PQXUNZK77UN","questionText":"In Japan, the Meiji Restoration and the post�World War II �economic miracle� can be described as periods of","correctAnswerText":"innovative industrial development","incorrectText1":"political decentralization","incorrectText2":"revolutionary democratization","incorrectText3":"reactionary social change"}, {"itemType":"IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW","questionText":"� Spain mines silver in the Americas. � The Dutch establish a colony in Southeast Asia. � The English East India Company controls tea plantations in India. Which policy is most closely associated with these events?","correctAnswerText":"mercantilism","incorrectText1":"pacifism","incorrectText2":"nonalignment","incorrectText3":"containment"}, {"itemType":"B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68","questionText":"The trans-Saharan trade carried out by West African civilizations was primarily based on an exchange of","correctAnswerText":"gold and salt","incorrectText1":"ivory and silk","incorrectText2":"silver and tea","incorrectText3":"hardwoods and animal skins"}, {"itemType":"Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV","questionText":"What was a result of the Industrial Revolution in Europe?","correctAnswerText":"the growth of the middle class","incorrectText1":"an increase in nomadic herding","incorrectText2":"a decline in urban population","incorrectText3":"a decrease in international trade"}, {"itemType":"0WK63DOOS2FXIQR","questionText":"Rapid industrialization in developing nations has often resulted in","correctAnswerText":"a growing gap between the rich and the poor","incorrectText1":"little growth in urban centers","incorrectText2":"decreases in the levels of pollution","incorrectText3":"the continuation of traditional ideas in the workplace"}, {"itemType":"LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y","questionText":"Between 1300 and 1600, which economic system began to develop as a result of the transformation in global trade?","correctAnswerText":"capitalism","incorrectText1":"socialism","incorrectText2":"communism","incorrectText3":"manorialism"}, {"itemType":"WA72MFJ0LXADZMV","questionText":"Which of these groups were the major supporters of 20th-century communist revolutions?","correctAnswerText":"workers and peasants","incorrectText1":"priests and artisans","incorrectText2":"bourgeoisie and nobility","incorrectText3":"entrepreneurs and capitalists"}, {"itemType":"F4PB21EHTG20GMV","questionText":"An economist is a social scientist who focuses on the study of the","correctAnswerText":"production and exchange of goods and services","incorrectText1":"development of spiritual practices","incorrectText2":"establishment of legal systems","incorrectText3":"creation and implementation of social class systems"}, {"itemType":"RQFKPE3OR6A25JD","questionText":". . . Things are so high, poor people cry, Such times was ne�er before, For everything is raised in price To carry on the War. . . . � John Wilson, A New Song on the Dear Times..   In this song published in the 1850s, the songwriter is complaining about","correctAnswerText":"inflation","incorrectText1":"unemployment","incorrectText2":"depression","incorrectText3":"quotas"}, {"itemType":"I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ","questionText":"Speaker A: If the rate of population growth continues to exceed the growth in the food supply, there will not be enough food for all of the people. Speaker B: There are people who are wealthy and people who are poor. This is just how things are. Speaker C: History is the story of class struggle. Eventually, the working class will rise up and revolt against the wealthy. Speaker D: The government should do what is best for most of its people..    to Which situation are these speakers most likely reacting?","correctAnswerText":"rise of industrialization","incorrectText1":"growth of Zionism","incorrectText2":"division of Africa","incorrectText3":"formation of military alliances"}, {"itemType":"6KQZN538LCU7K9W","questionText":"Five-year plans and collectivization are most closely associated with","correctAnswerText":"Joseph Stalin","incorrectText1":"Adolf Hitler","incorrectText2":"Mikhail Gorbachev","incorrectText3":"Deng Xiaoping"}, {"itemType":"XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG","questionText":"A key objective of a mercantilist policy was to","correctAnswerText":"establish colonies for trade benefits","incorrectText1":"promote warfare throughout Europe","incorrectText2":"develop assembly lines in factories","incorrectText3":"support the spread of communist ideas"}, {"itemType":"LFNB87QHK1KPSO1","questionText":"Which topic is central to the study of economics?","correctAnswerText":"examining the distribution and use of limited resources","incorrectText1":"tracking the development and spread of diseases","incorrectText2":"understanding the causes of ethnic rivalries","incorrectText3":"studying the growth and role of political parties"}, {"itemType":"YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1","questionText":"According to the European policy of mercantilism, colonies should","correctAnswerText":"benefit the mother country","incorrectText1":"trade openly with various countries","incorrectText2":"be left alone to manage their own affairs","incorrectText3":"attempt to gain independence as soon as possible"}, {"itemType":"34BUUBUS07QUA6M","questionText":"In The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels expressed the idea that","correctAnswerText":"profits from work should belong to the workers","incorrectText1":"religion should be the most important factor in society","incorrectText2":"power should be determined by a person�s wealth","incorrectText3":"supply and demand should control prices"}, {"itemType":"NORRDWZROR868GG","questionText":"Adam Smith would most likely agree with which statement?","correctAnswerText":"Government should follow a laissez-faire policy.","incorrectText1":"Revolution is the only solution to economic problems.","incorrectText2":"Five-year plans are necessary in order to industrialize.","incorrectText3":"All nations would benefit from an agricultural economy."}, {"itemType":"20E6K97FCPOIUK3","questionText":"The primary reason France and Japan were interested in controlling parts of Indochina in the 20th century was to","correctAnswerText":"obtain valuable natural resources","incorrectText1":"dominate the Indian Ocean","incorrectText2":"stop the spread of communism","incorrectText3":"prevent Spanish colonization"}, {"itemType":"B7PFLDEF4F7G29R","questionText":"Which period in European history is most closely associated with the emergence of trade fairs, the founding of guilds, and the creation of the Hanseatic League?","correctAnswerText":"Commercial Revolution","incorrectText1":"Age of Pericles","incorrectText2":"Age of Reason","incorrectText3":"Glorious Revolution"}, {"itemType":"5MH112LCJ8OZFJM","questionText":"Prices in Spain rose as colonies supplied large amounts of gold and silver. This suggests that Spanish imports of gold and silver led to","correctAnswerText":"inflation","incorrectText1":"food shortages","incorrectText2":"unemployment","incorrectText3":"self-sufficiency"}, {"itemType":"QSACQ30L9JIL10F","questionText":"Which characteristic is associated with an economy based on the principles of laissez-faire?","correctAnswerText":"prices based on supply and demand","incorrectText1":"production quotas established by the central government","incorrectText2":"distribution of goods determined by the customs of a traditional society","incorrectText3":"some goods exchanged for other goods of equal value"}, {"itemType":"9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ","questionText":"The 1930s depression in Germany contributed to the rise of the Nazi Party because","correctAnswerText":"economic hardships increased political instability","incorrectText1":"five-year plans of the communists failed","incorrectText2":"the Reichstag nationalized private property","incorrectText3":"the Weimar Republic imposed totalitarianism"}, {"itemType":"CRTDFM43DP4R453","questionText":"The purpose of the Marshall Plan after World War II was to","correctAnswerText":"rebuild national economies to stabilize governments","incorrectText1":"promote the spread of militarism","incorrectText2":"force the losing nations to help areas destroyed in the war","incorrectText3":"strengthen the alliances that had won the war"}, {"itemType":"FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR","questionText":"The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is best known for its efforts to","correctAnswerText":"establish production quotas to control the price of oil","incorrectText1":"develop workable alternatives to fossil fuels","incorrectText2":"bring Western oil technology to the Middle East","incorrectText3":"stop the export of oil to non-Arab nations"}, {"itemType":"IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0","questionText":"One way in which the Great Leap Forward and the Four Modernizations are similar is that each was an attempt to","correctAnswerText":"increase farm and factory output","incorrectText1":"develop a democratic government","incorrectText2":"strengthen economic ties with communist neighbors","incorrectText3":"reduce the gap between rich and poor"}, {"itemType":"6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP","questionText":"Which statement about the economy of Japan today is most accurate?","correctAnswerText":"A lack of natural resources has not limited economic growth.","incorrectText1":"Abundant arable land has led to prosperity.","incorrectText2":"Possession of nuclear weaponry has assured a strong economy.","incorrectText3":"Economic development has occurred without political freedom."}, {"itemType":"5WFRV6D1AF857M2","questionText":"Many achievements made during the Golden Ages of both Islam and the West African Kingdoms reached European societies by way of","correctAnswerText":"trade networks in the Mediterranean Sea region","incorrectText1":"trade expeditions between China and Africa","incorrectText2":"the voyages of Ferdinand Magellan","incorrectText3":"the travels of Commodore Matthew Perry"}, {"itemType":"ICALETH1G91HXTE","questionText":"The policy of establishing colonies to gain wealth by controlling colonial trade is called","correctAnswerText":"mercantilism","incorrectText1":"socialism","incorrectText2":"fascism","incorrectText3":"communism"}, {"itemType":"6HN4D643RTBD5SO","questionText":"The term subsistence farming is best defined as","correctAnswerText":" producing only enough crops to meet family needs","incorrectText1":"redistributing farmland","incorrectText2":"irrigating farmland","incorrectText3":"exchanging farm products for money"}, {"itemType":"5KYWZNHEGDGC56G","questionText":"Which revolution in Europe is most closely associated with the rise of capitalism, the formation of guilds, and the growth of banking systems?","correctAnswerText":"Commercial","incorrectText1":"Agrarian","incorrectText2":"Scientific","incorrectText3":"Glorious"}, {"itemType":"5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK","questionText":"In the 1500s, the Portuguese seized trading ports in Southeast Asia in an attempt to gain totalcontrol of the spice trade. Based on this statement, one goal of the Portuguese was to establish","correctAnswerText":"a monopoly","incorrectText1":"an embargo","incorrectText2":"banking systems","incorrectText3":"agricultural cooperatives"}, {"itemType":"8L2TET9XHNDJDY6","questionText":"Which written work criticized the capitalist system during the Industrial Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels","incorrectText1":"�White Man�s Burden� by Rudyard Kipling","incorrectText2":"The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith","incorrectText3":"The Origin of Species by Charles Darwin"}, {"itemType":"GON3JDO53HYHEHP","questionText":"One way in which Joseph Stalin�s five-year plans and Mao Zedong�s Great Leap Forward are similar is that both plans were","correctAnswerText":"attempts to increase agricultural and industrial production","incorrectText1":"efforts to reduce human rights violations","incorrectText2":"policies to improve relations with the West","incorrectText3":"methods used to control population growth"}, {"itemType":"17S7REU8QQJYUYZ","questionText":"Which heading is most appropriate for the partial outline below that is related to conditions during the 18th and 19th centuries? I. __________________________________ A. Abundant natural resources B. Advanced technology C. Surplus of food D. Stable economic and political conditions","correctAnswerText":"Factors Needed for Industrialization","incorrectText1":"Forces That Caused the Rise of Fascism","incorrectText2":"Objectives of the Green Revolution","incorrectText3":"Results of the Glorious Revolution"}, {"itemType":"11Y568S0S231L12","questionText":"Which feature would most likely be included in an economic system based on traditional agriculture and self-sufficiency?","correctAnswerText":"barter","incorrectText1":"banks","incorrectText2":"gold standard","incorrectText3":"tariffs"}]},
{
"itemId": "2FC0ACC40CCB93096FD11C1",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "economics set 2",
"navBarTitleText": "economics set 2",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{"itemType":"FU9DRRDLASG0B18","questionText":"Which statement about the worldwide Depression of the 1930s is a fact rather than an opinion?","correctAnswerText":"The economic upheaval of the Depression had major political effects.","incorrectText1":"Political leaders should have prevented the Depression.","incorrectText2":"Germany was hurt more by the Treaty of Versailles than by the Depression.","incorrectText3":"World War I was the only reason for the Depression."}, {"itemType":"29V66H94IK4K1K5","questionText":"One way in which Vladimir Lenin�s New Economic Policy and Mikhail Gorbachev�s policy of perestroika are similar is that both","correctAnswerText":"allowed elements of capitalism within a communist economic system","incorrectText1":"strengthened their country�s military defenses","incorrectText2":"supported censorship of news and of personal correspondence","incorrectText3":"increased tensions during the Cold War"}, {"itemType":"MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0","questionText":"Which social scientist primarily studies how people change resources into goods and services?","correctAnswerText":"economist","incorrectText1":"archaeologist","incorrectText2":"sociologist","incorrectText3":"psychologist"}, {"itemType":"MMPPPQTR96W85B9","questionText":"Which situation was a result of Pax Mongolia?","correctAnswerText":"Trade increased between Europe and Asia.","incorrectText1":"China became isolated from its neighbors.","incorrectText2":"Warfare between Japan and Vietnam escalated.","incorrectText3":"Europeans conquered the Aztecs and Incas."}, {"itemType":"V1LX77TKH98RRK5","questionText":"Which statement demonstrates a major characteristic of mercantilism in colonial Latin America?","correctAnswerText":"Colonies were a source of raw materials for Spain.","incorrectText1":"Colonies developed local industries to compete with Spain.","incorrectText2":"Spanish colonies traded freely with English colonies.","incorrectText3":"Spain instituted democratic governments in its colonies."}, {"itemType":"9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL","questionText":"Increased agricultural production in England in the late 1700s contributed directly to","correctAnswerText":" an increase in life expectancy","incorrectText1":"the development of a worldwide communications network","incorrectText2":"the introduction of manorialism","incorrectText3":"a decrease in the power of the monarch"}, {"itemType":"W8NPG9KNA7FY64R","questionText":"Which statement about railroad systems in the 19th and early 20th centuries is accurate?","correctAnswerText":"Railroads helped promote the factory system and urbanization.","incorrectText1":"Imperialists rejected the use of railroads in their colonies.","incorrectText2":"European governments opposed the development of railroads.","incorrectText3":"Railroads made transportation of goods less efficient."}, {"itemType":"W51PW4MEE1QROQ1","questionText":"Which revolution led to the concept of banking, the creation of guilds, and the development of capitalism in Europe?","correctAnswerText":"Commercial","incorrectText1":"Scientific","incorrectText2":"Agricultural","incorrectText3":"Industrial"}, {"itemType":"5XGL523ABIUTY7R","questionText":"The Communist Revolution in China differed from the 19th-century Marxist ideals because this revolution was primarily supported by the","correctAnswerText":"peasants ","incorrectText1":"warlords","incorrectText2":"factory owners","incorrectText3":"gentry"}, {"itemType":"4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT","questionText":"What was one long-term impact of Marco Polo�s visit to China?","correctAnswerText":"Europeans increased trade with China.","incorrectText1":"The Chinese began construction of the Great Wall.","incorrectText2":"The principle of divine right was introduced to China.","incorrectText3":"Christianity rapidly spread throughout the Yuan Empire."}, {"itemType":"WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4","questionText":"What was one goal of mercantilism?","correctAnswerText":"creation of a favorable balance of trade","incorrectText1":"removal of trade barriers","incorrectText2":"elimination of private property","incorrectText3":"establishment of subsistence agriculture"}, {"itemType":"Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF","questionText":"During the 19th century, European nations established spheres of influence in China mainly to","correctAnswerText":"gain commercial advantages in China","incorrectText1":"profit from the ivory trade","incorrectText2":"introduce Islam to the Chinese people","incorrectText3":"obtain human rights for Chinese citizens"}, {"itemType":"3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5","questionText":"In China, Deng Xiaoping�s Four Modernizations led to","correctAnswerText":"an increased use of free-market practices","incorrectText1":"a decrease in industrialization","incorrectText2":"a decreased interest in investments by foreign businesses","incorrectText3":"an increase in the emphasis on collective farming"}, {"itemType":"XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4","questionText":"Which cause-and-effect relationship is accurate?","correctAnswerText":"The Black Plague led to labor shortages.","incorrectText1":"The Russian Revolution led to an absolute monarchy.","incorrectText2":"Enlightenment thoughts led to manorialism.","incorrectText3":"The Commercial Revolution led to the creation of traditional economies."}, {"itemType":"6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4","questionText":"A major argument used to support the building of the Suez and Panama Canals was that these waterways would","correctAnswerText":"shorten trade routes","incorrectText1":"strengthen command economies","incorrectText2":"increase competition for trade","incorrectText3":"promote the local economy"}, {"itemType":"C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC","questionText":"Which social scientist specializes in studying issues such as the scarcity of resources and availability of goods?","correctAnswerText":"economist","incorrectText1":"anthropologist","incorrectText2":"sociologist","incorrectText3":"archaeologist"}, {"itemType":"8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS","questionText":"What was an immediate result of the mass starvation in Ireland in the late 1840s?","correctAnswerText":"migration of many Irish to other countries","incorrectText1":"expansion of the Green Revolution to Ireland","incorrectText2":"acceptance of British rule by the Irish","incorrectText3":"creation of a mixed economy in Ireland"}, {"itemType":"IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ","questionText":"Which statement about both the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia and the rise of fascism in Germany and Italy is accurate?","correctAnswerText":"Economic conditions led to political change.","incorrectText1":"Industrialization hindered national development.","incorrectText2":"Goals were achieved by peaceful means.","incorrectText3":"Communist ideals fueled both movements."}, {"itemType":"9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF","questionText":"Which situation best illustrates the concept of isolationism?","correctAnswerText":"Japan closed its ports to trade with other nations.","incorrectText1":"The Spanish government required that gold found in its colonies be brought directly to Spain.","incorrectText2":"France, Germany, Belgium, and Great Britain negotiated to divide various areas of Africa into colonies.","incorrectText3":"The British ruled much of India through the control of local rulers."}, {"itemType":"HARJ6XE78XNCXSA","questionText":"The economies of the western African civilizations of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai relied on","correctAnswerText":"trans-Saharan trade routes","incorrectText1":"industrial growth","incorrectText2":"shipbuilding","incorrectText3":"textile production"}, {"itemType":"8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A","questionText":". . . The factory owners did not have the power to compel anybody to take a factory job. They could only hire people who were ready to work for the wages offered to them. Low as these wage rates were, they were nonetheless much more than these paupers could earn in any other field open to them. It is a distortion of facts to say that the factories carried off the housewives from the nurseries and the kitchens and the children from their play. These women had nothing to cook with and [nothing] to feed their children. These children were destitute [poor] and starving. Their only refuge was the factory. It saved them, in the strict sense of the term, from death by starvation. . . . � Ludwig von Mises, Human Action, A Treatise on Economics, Yale University Press.   Which statement summarizes the theme of This passage?","correctAnswerText":"The factory system allowed people to earn money.","incorrectText1":"Factory owners created increased hardships.","incorrectText2":"Factory owners preferred to use child laborers.","incorrectText3":"The factory system created new social classes."}, {"itemType":"6RC5YZ1KHUU0465","questionText":"What was one impact of industrialization on Japan during the Meiji Restoration?","correctAnswerText":"Demand for natural resources increased.","incorrectText1":"Japan became more isolated from world affairs.","incorrectText2":"Japan became a colonial possession of China.","incorrectText3":"Traditional practices of Bushido were reintroduced."}, {"itemType":"BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM","questionText":"A major goal of Joseph Stalin�s five-year plans was to","correctAnswerText":"transform the Soviet Union into an industrial power","incorrectText1":"encourage communist revolutions in the colonies of the European powers","incorrectText2":"expand the Soviet Union�s borders to include warm-water ports","incorrectText3":"reduce the amount of foreign aid coming from the Western Hemisphere"}, {"itemType":"HSF4BRDGX2SXB69","questionText":"The Four Modernizations of Deng Xiaoping in the 1970s and 1980s resulted in","correctAnswerText":"a move toward increased capitalism","incorrectText1":"an emphasis on the Five Relationships","incorrectText2":"a return to Maoist revolutionary principles","incorrectText3":"the end of the communist system of government"}, {"itemType":"9TINW08CRITM2N9","questionText":"In the late 20th century, the Green Revolution had the greatest impact on","correctAnswerText":"grain production in India","incorrectText1":"political freedom in Russia","incorrectText2":"economic reforms in Cuba","incorrectText3":"traditional customs in Japan"}, {"itemType":"IR07J676OISB4HU","questionText":"In a command economy, economic decisions are mostly influenced by","correctAnswerText":"government policies","incorrectText1":"consumer demands","incorrectText2":"private investors","incorrectText3":"banking practices"}, {"itemType":"DVK5QLN0B25CP5N","questionText":"Which factor contributed to the beginning of the Renaissance in Italian cities?","correctAnswerText":"access to important trade routes","incorrectText1":"occupation by foreign powers","incorrectText2":"interaction with Latin America","incorrectText3":"surplus of porcelain from Japan"}, {"itemType":"V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY","questionText":"Which statement best describes the concept of mercantilism?","correctAnswerText":"Controlling trade is a key to increasing power.","incorrectText1":"Universal suffrage leads to educated citizens.","incorrectText2":"Only the fittest deserve to survive.","incorrectText3":"Strict social control prevents revolutions."}, {"itemType":"KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I","questionText":"Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels encouraged workers to improve their lives by","correctAnswerText":"overthrowing the capitalist system","incorrectText1":"electing union representatives","incorrectText2":"participating in local government","incorrectText3":"demanding pensions and disability insurance"}, {"itemType":"3S3OX0N305A2N1R","questionText":"The famine in Ukraine during the 1930s resulted from the Soviet government�s attempt to","correctAnswerText":"collectivize agriculture","incorrectText1":"end a civil war","incorrectText2":"implement free-market practices","incorrectText3":"introduce crop rotation"}, {"itemType":"OVVV5FJUTV71M45","questionText":"One similarity between Mikhail Gorbachev�s perestroika and Deng Xiaoping�s Four Modernizations is that each","correctAnswerText":"allowed elements of capitalism","incorrectText1":"maintained the democratic process","incorrectText2":"strengthened communism","incorrectText3":"increased global tensions"}, {"itemType":"YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP","questionText":"Much of the wealth of the West African kingdoms of Ghana and Mali was gained from the","correctAnswerText":"control of the trans-Saharan trade in gold and salt","incorrectText1":"sale of slaves to Europeans","incorrectText2":"creation of colonies on the Mediterranean coast","incorrectText3":"taxation on goods brought by Indian merchants"}, {"itemType":"9ATK959C2RJDRXK","questionText":"What was a long-term impact of Marco Polo�s trips to China?","correctAnswerText":"Trade increased between China and Europe.","incorrectText1":"The Silk Roads replaced the all-water route to Asia.","incorrectText2":"The Chinese forced the Europeans to trade only in Peking.","incorrectText3":"China was isolated from other countries."}, {"itemType":"I515USMBMX2R1D3","questionText":"One reason for Japan�s rapid industrialization during the Meiji Restoration was that Japan had","correctAnswerText":"reformed its political and economic systems","incorrectText1":"rejected Western ideas","incorrectText2":"used its access to the sea for fishing","incorrectText3":"relied on traditional isolationist policies"}, {"itemType":"9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI","questionText":"Which economic program was implemented by Joseph Stalin?","correctAnswerText":"five-year plans","incorrectText1":"Four Modernizations","incorrectText2":"Great Leap Forward","incorrectText3":"perestroika"}, {"itemType":"EPCP98OYHVDOU4A","questionText":". . . The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles. Freeman and slave, patrician [a person of high birth] and plebeian [common person], lord and serf, guild-master and journeyman, in a word, oppressor and oppressed, stood in constant opposition to one another, carried on an uninterrupted, now hidden, now open fight, a fight that each time ended, either in a revolutionary reconstitution of society at large, or in the common ruin of the contending [competing] classes. . . . This passage expresses the ideas of","correctAnswerText":"Karl Marx","incorrectText1":"Napoleon Bonaparte","incorrectText2":"Adolf Hitler","incorrectText3":"Benito Mussolini"}, {"itemType":"KICKKXSXUCGKDYT","questionText":"Speaker A: Government should not interfere in relations between workers and business owners. Speaker B: The workers will rise up and overthrow the privileged class. Speaker C: Private property will cease to exist. The people will own the means of production. Speaker D: A favorable balance of trade should be maintained by the use of tariffs.     Which two speakers represent Karl Marx�s ideas of communism?","correctAnswerText":"B and C","incorrectText1":"A and B","incorrectText2":"B and D","incorrectText3":"C and D"}, {"itemType":"HQSUDLM4W56G5G3","questionText":"Speaker A: Government should not interfere in relations between workers and business owners. Speaker B: The workers will rise up and overthrow the privileged class. Speaker C: Private property will cease to exist. The people will own the means of production. Speaker D: A favorable balance of trade should be maintained by the use of tariffs. Which speaker is referring to laissez-faire capitalism?","correctAnswerText":"A","incorrectText1":"B","incorrectText2":"C","incorrectText3":"D"}, {"itemType":"M6L7YCS6YVBNI48","questionText":"Which statement describes one major aspect of a command economy?","correctAnswerText":"Most economic decisions are made by the government.","incorrectText1":"Supply and demand determines what will be produced.","incorrectText2":"The means of production are controlled by labor unions.","incorrectText3":"The economy is mainly agricultural."}, {"itemType":"TBIDXY8QT09WZDG","questionText":". . . Our foundation rests upon trade, because, as you see, we have a large part of our capital invested [in it]. And therefore we shall have little for exchange operations, and we are forced to exert our ingenuity elsewhere. This, however, in my opinion, does not involve greater risk than one incurs in exchanges today, especially when no risks at sea are run [That is, when shipments by sea are insured.]; nor does it bring smaller profits. And [trade operations] are more legal and more honorable. In them we shall so govern ourselves that every day you will have more reason to be content; may God grant us His grace. . . . Source: Letter to the home office of the Medici from branch office at Bruges, May 14, 1464 (adapted). This passage best illustrates circumstances that characterized the","correctAnswerText":"Commercial Revolution","incorrectText1":"Crusades","incorrectText2":"Age of Reason","incorrectText3":"Scientific Revolution"}, {"itemType":"QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD","questionText":"Statement A: We worked in a place that was noisy and dangerous. We did the same work over and over again. Many workers, often children, lost fingers, limbs, and even their lives. Statement B: Government should not interfere in business. To do so would disrupt the balance of supply and demand. Statement C: Government has a duty to interfere in order to best provide its people with a happy and safe life. Statement D: Advances in agricultural techniques and practices resulted in an increased supply of food and raw materials, causing a movement of the farmers from the countryside to the city..    All of these statements describe events or viewpoints that relate to the","correctAnswerText":"Industrial Revolution","incorrectText1":"Protestant Reformation","incorrectText2":"Commercial Revolution","incorrectText3":"Berlin Conference"}, {"itemType":"IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU","questionText":"What is a key principle of a market economy?","correctAnswerText":"Supply and demand determine production and price","incorrectText1":"The means of production are controlled by the state.","incorrectText2":"Employment opportunities are determined by social class.","incorrectText3":"Businesses are owned by the people collectively."}, {"itemType":"9150158FNA5XOVV","questionText":"One action that many governments took during World War I was to","correctAnswerText":"regulate their economic systems to increase production","incorrectText1":"encourage political dissent and freedom of the press","incorrectText2":"prevent women from seeking employment in factories","incorrectText3":"raise tariffs to encourage trade"}, {"itemType":"OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0","questionText":"Although Cuba has lost support from many nations, one reason Fidel Castro has remained in power is that he has","correctAnswerText":"raised the standard of living for many Cubans","incorrectText1":"established free trade with the United States","incorrectText2":"opposed communism","incorrectText3":"prohibited the practice of Catholicism"}, {"itemType":"UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U","questionText":"The terms cottage industries, mercantilism, guilds, and laissez-faire are most closely associated with","correctAnswerText":"economic systems","incorrectText1":"political systems","incorrectText2":"social systems","incorrectText3":"belief systems"}, {"itemType":"VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP","questionText":"The Commercial Revolution helped lead to the Industrial Revolution because during the Commercial Revolution","correctAnswerText":"new forms of business were developed","incorrectText1":"the barter system was instituted","incorrectText2":"socialism was introduced to Europe","incorrectText3":"subsistence agriculture was promoted"}, {"itemType":"8UKFL9QB8570RXP","questionText":"Laissez-faire economists of the 19th century argued that","correctAnswerText":"individuals should be allowed to pursue their self-interest in a free market","incorrectText1":"the government should regulate the economy and foreign trade","incorrectText2":"governments should develop a state-run banking system to prevent instability","incorrectText3":"anarchy would result if universal male suffrage was granted"}, {"itemType":"FX96LMXJUNBPTWL","questionText":"Where did Karl Marx predict a revolution of the proletariat would occur first?","correctAnswerText":"industrial Europe","incorrectText1":"independent Latin America","incorrectText2":"colonial Africa","incorrectText3":"agricultural Russia"}, {"itemType":"4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW","questionText":"Fascist leaders in Italy and Germany came to power in the 1920s and 1930s because they","correctAnswerText":"exploited economic hardships to gain popular support","incorrectText1":"supported the League of Nations","incorrectText2":"resisted all forms of extreme nationalism","incorrectText3":"maintained political traditions"}, {"itemType":"FTV4F5OFSF293XL","questionText":"What was a major cause of the civil wars in many Central American nations in the 1970s and 1980s?","correctAnswerText":"economic differences between social classes","incorrectText1":"end of slavery in the encomienda system","incorrectText2":"rapid economic reform","incorrectText3":"oil production policies"}, {"itemType":"HI4X8VLDXB6CU97","questionText":"Which economic activity was the basis for most of the wealth and power of the West African empires of Ghana and Mali?","correctAnswerText":"trading in salt and gold","incorrectText1":"hunting and gathering","incorrectText2":"farming and cattle ranching","incorrectText3":"working in bronze and brass"}, {"itemType":"38CTTRF38X7325C","questionText":"The encomienda system in Latin America was a direct result of the","correctAnswerText":"Age of Exploration","incorrectText1":"Crusades","incorrectText2":"Reformation","incorrectText3":"Age of Reason"}, {"itemType":"BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9","questionText":"What was a direct result of the Meiji Restoration in Japan?","correctAnswerText":"Japan became a modern industrial nation.","incorrectText1":"The Tokugawa Shogunate seized control of the government.","incorrectText2":"Russia signed a mutual trade agreement.","incorrectText3":"Japan stayed politically isolated."}, {"itemType":"9UYVCNJEO4SL600","questionText":"Which statement best describes a mixed economy?","correctAnswerText":"Some industries are owned by the state, and others are privately owned.","incorrectText1":"The government determines the production and distribution of goods and services.","incorrectText2":"The products that consumers demand determine what goods are produced.","incorrectText3":"People produce the same goods, but in different amounts, every year."}, {"itemType":"SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ","questionText":"Which statement about the European Union (EU) is most accurate?","correctAnswerText":"The goal of the European Union is to improve the economic prosperity of Europe.","incorrectText1":"The European Union dissolved because of disagreements among its members.","incorrectText2":"Some nations are now being forced to become members of the European Union.","incorrectText3":"The European Union has recently expanded to include North African nations."}, {"itemType":"FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP","questionText":"Which factor contributed to the success of the Hanseatic League, the Kingdom of Songhai, and the British East India Company?","correctAnswerText":"development of trade with other regions","incorrectText1":"location in the Middle East","incorrectText2":"imperialism in Europe","incorrectText3":"growth of the Ottoman Empire"}, {"itemType":"YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3","questionText":"Heavy military losses in World War I, food and fuel shortages, and opposition to the czar led to the","correctAnswerText":"Russian Revolution","incorrectText1":"French Revolution","incorrectText2":"Chinese Revolution","incorrectText3":"Cuban Revolution"}, {"itemType":"MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI","questionText":"�. . . The daily tasks of the women are to milk the cattle in the morning and evening, and to fetch water as required. By using their donkeys it is possible for them to bring back enough water to last two or three days. When the settlement moves, on average about once every five weeks, each woman is responsible for moving her hut and rebuilding it. All the necessary movables, including hides, wooden containers and important struts in the framework of the hut, can normally be carried by two donkeys. Older women rely on their daughters, their younger co-wives, and their sons� wives for help in all these tasks. . . .� Source: Paul Spencer, The Samburu, University of California Press, 1965.    Which type of economy would most likely be found in This society?","correctAnswerText":"traditional","incorrectText1":"command","incorrectText2":"free market","incorrectText3":"manorial"}, {"itemType":"A9BBHEWS99VQPQG","questionText":"� What to produce? � How to produce? � For whom to produce?. Which social scientist studies how these questions would be answered for a specific society?","correctAnswerText":"an economist","incorrectText1":"a sociologist","incorrectText2":"an anthropologist","incorrectText3":"a geographer"}, {"itemType":"HWHPLOAQRN459YD","questionText":"The travels of Marco Polo resulted in the","correctAnswerText":"expansion of trade between China and Europe","incorrectText1":"introduction of gunpowder to China","incorrectText2":"decline of Mongol rule in China","incorrectText3":"use of Confucian teachings in Europe"}, {"itemType":"ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH","questionText":"The purpose of colonies is to ship raw materials to the colonial power and buy finished goods from the colonial power. This statement reflects the basic idea of which economic system?","correctAnswerText":"mercantilism","incorrectText1":"socialism","incorrectText2":"communism","incorrectText3":"capitalism"}, {"itemType":"PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3","questionText":"Laissez-faire capitalism as attributed to Adam Smith called for","correctAnswerText":"minimal government involvement in the economy","incorrectText1":"heavy taxation of manufacturers","incorrectText2":"strict government control of the economy","incorrectText3":"government investments in major industries"}, {"itemType":"M32KSEKMXP9VM9H","questionText":"Japan�s increased foreign trade during the Meiji Restoration was closely related to its","correctAnswerText":"desire for a modern industrialized society","incorrectText1":"need to maintain a traditional society","incorrectText2":"colonization by Western nations","incorrectText3":"encouragement of foreign investment"}, {"itemType":"9NK0N52O2K7MILW","questionText":"Between the late 1800s and the end of World War II, Japan implemented a policy of imperialism mainly because Japan","correctAnswerText":"lacked coal, iron, and other important resources","incorrectText1":"admired the economic power of China","incorrectText2":"wanted to unify the governments of East Asia","incorrectText3":"feared the expansion of Nazi Germany in the Pacific"}, {"itemType":"ACVORE5RIFGXI9T","questionText":"What is a major reason for the differences in economic prosperity in various areas of the world today?","correctAnswerText":"an unequal distribution of resources","incorrectText1":"the success of nationalist movements","incorrectText2":"religious unity between nations","incorrectText3":"membership in the United Nations"}, {"itemType":"W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG","questionText":"One similarity between Stalin�s five-year plans and Mao Zedong�s Great Leap Forward was that both programs attempted to","correctAnswerText":"increase industrial production","incorrectText1":"privatize the ownership of land","incorrectText2":"correct environmental pollution","incorrectText3":"strengthen international trade"}, {"itemType":"0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ","questionText":"The Silk Road was important because it allowed for the","correctAnswerText":"exchange of goods between Asia and the Middle East","incorrectText1":"exploration of China by the Roman Army","incorrectText2":"development of agriculture by the nomadic people of Central Asia","incorrectText3":"movement of Chinese armies through Southeast Asia"}, {"itemType":"LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z","questionText":"A major reason that the Renaissance began in Italy was that","correctAnswerText":"Italian city-states had grown wealthy from trade between Europe and Asia","incorrectText1":"farmers produced great agricultural surpluses on vast plains","incorrectText2":"merchants supported the Green Revolution","incorrectText3":"many European scholars had migrated to this area"}, {"itemType":"6J6SIRWPNI6IONR","questionText":"In Europe, joint stock companies, shareholders, entrepreneurs, and the bourgeoisie contributed to the","correctAnswerText":"rise of capitalism","incorrectText1":"development of feudalism","incorrectText2":"decline of communism","incorrectText3":"increase in power of the guilds"}, {"itemType":"JOJC5JND6O7R6NH","questionText":"Which event had the greatest influence on the development of laissez-faire capitalism?","correctAnswerText":"Industrial Revolution","incorrectText1":"fall of the Roman Empire","incorrectText2":"invention of the printing press","incorrectText3":"Green Revolution"}, {"itemType":"TX38PQXUNZK77UN","questionText":"In the late 1800s, one response of workers in England to unsafe working conditions was to","correctAnswerText":"form labor unions","incorrectText1":"take control of the government","incorrectText2":"return to farming","incorrectText3":"set minimum wages"}, {"itemType":"IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW","questionText":"The Treaty of Versailles punished Germany for its role in World War I by","correctAnswerText":"forcing Germany to accept blame for the war and to pay reparations","incorrectText1":"dividing Germany into four occupied zones","incorrectText2":"supporting economic sanctions by the United Nations","incorrectText3":"taking away German territory in the Balkans and Spain"}, {"itemType":"B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68","questionText":"What is one characteristic of a society that practices subsistence agriculture?","correctAnswerText":"production of crops mainly for its own use","incorrectText1":"growth of surplus crops for export","incorrectText2":"establishment of large state-owned farms","incorrectText3":"dependence on the use of slave labor for the production of crops"}, {"itemType":"Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV","questionText":"�Gandhi Calls for Boycott of British Textiles� �Gandhi and Followers Complete March to the Sea� �Gandhi Begins Hunger Fast� These headlines reflect Gandhi�s belief in","correctAnswerText":"nonviolence","incorrectText1":"nonalignment","incorrectText2":"appeasement","incorrectText3":"isolationism"}, {"itemType":"0WK63DOOS2FXIQR","questionText":". . . �From the beginning,� says Marquis Ito, �we realized fully how necessary it was that the Japanese people should not only adopt Western methods, but should also speedily become competent to do without the aid of foreign instruction and supervision. In the early days we brought many foreigners to Japan to help to introduce modern methods, but we always did it in such a way as to enable the Japanese students to take their rightful place in the nation after they had been educated.� . . . � Alfred Stead, Great Japan: A Study of National Efficiency, John Lane Co., 1906. the author of the passage suggests that Japan","correctAnswerText":"accepted new technologies in order to modernize","incorrectText1":"remained isolated","incorrectText2":"became dependent on foreign nations","incorrectText3":"became militaristic"}, {"itemType":"LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y","questionText":"The caste system in India and the feudal system in Europe were similar in that both","correctAnswerText":"provided structure for society","incorrectText1":"developed concepts of natural rights","incorrectText2":"established totalitarian governments","incorrectText3":"promoted peace and prosperity"}, {"itemType":"WA72MFJ0LXADZMV","questionText":"Which problem has faced both Cuba and North Korea under communist rule?","correctAnswerText":"Their command economies have been inefficient.","incorrectText1":"Their monarchs have been ineffective rulers.","incorrectText2":"Their governments have played a limited role in the economy.","incorrectText3":"Their workers have called many strikes."}, {"itemType":"F4PB21EHTG20GMV","questionText":"Which statement best describes an impact of the computer on the global economy?","correctAnswerText":"Companies now market more products worldwide.","incorrectText1":"Countries can increase tariffs on imports.","incorrectText2":"Wages have risen dramatically for most people in developing nations.","incorrectText3":"Prices of oil and other resources have declined worldwide."}, {"itemType":"RQFKPE3OR6A25JD","questionText":"The success of the triangular trade system depended on increasing","correctAnswerText":"slave trade in the Western Hemisphere","incorrectText1":"political independence of the Caribbean nations","incorrectText2":"emphasis on free trade in European nations","incorrectText3":"industrialization of the South American colonies"}, {"itemType":"I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ","questionText":"�Famine seems to be the last, the most dreadful resource of nature. The power of population is so superior to the power in the earth to provide subsistence for man, that premature death must in some shape or other visit the human race. . . .�� Thomas Malthus, �Essay on Population,� 1798. This prediction proved to be wrong in part because of increases in","correctAnswerText":"farm productivity","incorrectText1":"ethnic cleansing","incorrectText2":"the number of wars","incorrectText3":"the number of droughts"}, {"itemType":"6KQZN538LCU7K9W","questionText":"�It was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and ashes had allowed it; but as matters stood it was a town of unnatural red and black like the painted face of a savage. It was a town of machinery and tall chimneys, out of which interminable serpents of smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever, and never got uncoiled. It had a black canal in it, and a river that ran purple with illsmelling dye. . . .� � Charles Dickens, Hard Times. The author of This passage is describing conditions caused by The","correctAnswerText":"Industrial Revolution","incorrectText1":"Commercial Revolution","incorrectText2":"French Revolution","incorrectText3":"Scientific Revolution"}, {"itemType":"XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG","questionText":"�It was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and ashes had allowed it; but as matters stood it was a town of unnatural red and black like the painted face of a savage. It was a town of machinery and tall chimneys, out of which interminable serpents of smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever, and never got uncoiled. It had a black canal in it, and a river that ran purple with illsmelling dye. . . .� � Charles Dickens, Hard Times. Which problem is The subject of This passage?","correctAnswerText":"urban pollution","incorrectText1":"economic inequality","incorrectText2":"lack of child labor laws","incorrectText3":"poor transportation systems"}, {"itemType":"LFNB87QHK1KPSO1","questionText":"The Japanese, the Germans, and the Italians pursued a policy of expansionism before World War II to gain","correctAnswerText":"natural resources","incorrectText1":"warm-water ports","incorrectText2":"manufacturing plants","incorrectText3":"freedom of the seas"}, {"itemType":"YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1","questionText":"The purpose of the Marshall Plan was to","correctAnswerText":"provide for economic recovery in Western Europe","incorrectText1":"restore Japanese economic development","incorrectText2":"provide military aid to Middle Eastern allies","incorrectText3":"assure nationalist success in the Chinese civil war"}, {"itemType":"34BUUBUS07QUA6M","questionText":"In a traditional economic system, which type of goods is most often produced?","correctAnswerText":"agricultural products","incorrectText1":"heavy industrial machinery","incorrectText2":"military supplies","incorrectText3":"electronics and computers"}, {"itemType":"NORRDWZROR868GG","questionText":"The West African kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai experienced economic prosperity because they all","correctAnswerText":"traded with many other nations","incorrectText1":"controlled vast reserves of oil and gold","incorrectText2":"maintained highly structured feudal systems","incorrectText3":"solved tribal conflicts within their empires"}, {"itemType":"20E6K97FCPOIUK3","questionText":"Which economic theory, developed in the 17th century, supported European colonialism?","correctAnswerText":"mercantilism","incorrectText1":"socialism","incorrectText2":"bartering","incorrectText3":"feudalism"}, {"itemType":"B7PFLDEF4F7G29R","questionText":"Quotation 1: �The Humble ADDRESS and PETITION of Thousands, who labor in the Cloth Manufactory. SHEWETH, That the Scribbling-Machines have thrown thousands of your petitioners out of employ, whereby they are brought into great distress, and are not able to procure a maintenance for their families, and deprived them of the opportunity of bringing up their children to labour: We have therefore to request, that prejudice and self-interest may be laid aside, and that you may pay that attention to the following facts, which the nature of the case requires. . . .� � Leeds Woollen Workers Petition, 1786 Quotation 2: �In the Manufacture of Woollens, the Scribbling Mill, the Spinning Frame, and the Fly Shuttle, have reduced manual Labour nearly One third, and each of them at its � first Introduction carried an Alarm to the Work People, yet each has contributed to advance the Wages and to increase the Trade, so that if an Attempt was now made to deprive us of the Use of them, there is no Doubt, but every Person engaged in the Business, would exert himself to defend them. . . .� � Letter from Leeds Cloth Merchants, 1791. these quotations reveal different viewpoints associated with","correctAnswerText":"the Industrial Revolution","incorrectText1":"the development of nationalism","incorrectText2":"the Bolshevik Revolution","incorrectText3":"Social Darwinism"}, {"itemType":"5MH112LCJ8OZFJM","questionText":"Quotation 1: �The Humble ADDRESS and PETITION of Thousands, who labor in the Cloth Manufactory. SHEWETH, That the Scribbling-Machines have thrown thousands of your petitioners out of employ, whereby they are brought into great distress, and are not able to procure a maintenance for their families, and deprived them of the opportunity of bringing up their children to labour: We have therefore to request, that prejudice and self-interest may be laid aside, and that you may pay that attention to the following facts, which the nature of the case requires. . . .� � Leeds Woollen Workers Petition, 1786 Quotation 2: �In the Manufacture of Woollens, the Scribbling Mill, the Spinning Frame, and the Fly Shuttle, have reduced manual Labour nearly One third, and each of them at its � first Introduction carried an Alarm to the Work People, yet each has contributed to advance the Wages and to increase the Trade, so that if an Attempt was now made to deprive us of the Use of them, there is no Doubt, but every Person engaged in the Business, would exert himself to defend them. . . .� � Letter from Leeds Cloth Merchants, 1791. Quotation 1 describes the situation in terms of","correctAnswerText":"technological unemployment","incorrectText1":"worker-management cooperation","incorrectText2":"opportunities for unionism","incorrectText3":"positive change"}, {"itemType":"QSACQ30L9JIL10F","questionText":"Which statement explains the decline in unemployment rates in Britain between 1914 and 1918?","correctAnswerText":"World War I generated jobs at home in England and in the military.","incorrectText1":"Many new jobs were available in Britain�s African colonies.","incorrectText2":"Assembly-line production of consumer goods required more workers.","incorrectText3":"The British were buying huge amounts of war materials from the United States."}, {"itemType":"9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ","questionText":"The Treaty of Versailles contributed to the economic collapse of Germany after World War I by","correctAnswerText":"requiring that Germany pay for war damages","incorrectText1":"mandating economic reforms in Germany","incorrectText2":"placing a quota on goods exported from Germany","incorrectText3":"devaluing German currency"}, {"itemType":"CRTDFM43DP4R453","questionText":"A key principle of the economic theory of communism is","correctAnswerText":"government ownership of property","incorrectText1":"restoration of a bartering system","incorrectText2":"organization of workers� unions","incorrectText3":"privatization of business"}, {"itemType":"FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR","questionText":"Which statement describes the economic history of Japan since World War II?","correctAnswerText":"Japan has developed a strong economic base built on the export of manufactured goods.","incorrectText1":"Japan has been limited in industrial development by the occupation of the United States.","incorrectText2":"Japan has withdrawn from the world economic community and has practiced economic selfsufficiency.","incorrectText3":"Japan has concentrated on rebuilding its defense industries."}, {"itemType":"IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0","questionText":"Since the 1980s, Chinese leaders have tried to improve China�s economy by implementing a policy of","correctAnswerText":"limited free enterprise","incorrectText1":"isolation","incorrectText2":"collectivization","incorrectText3":"representative government"}, {"itemType":"6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP","questionText":"Hunting and gathering, subsistence agriculture, and the barter system are characteristics of a","correctAnswerText":"traditional economy","incorrectText1":"market economy","incorrectText2":"command economy","incorrectText3":"mixed economy"}, {"itemType":"5WFRV6D1AF857M2","questionText":"A long-term result of the Industrial Revolution in Europe was","correctAnswerText":"a general rise in the standard of living","incorrectText1":"an increase in the number of small farms","incorrectText2":"a decline in international trade","incorrectText3":"a strengthening of the economic power of the nobility"}, {"itemType":"ICALETH1G91HXTE","questionText":"Under Joseph Stalin, peasants in the Soviet Union were forced to","correctAnswerText":"join collective farms","incorrectText1":"become members of the ruling party","incorrectText2":"support the Russian Orthodox Church","incorrectText3":"move to large cities"}, {"itemType":"6HN4D643RTBD5SO","questionText":"A major goal of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in world affairs is to","correctAnswerText":"regulate oil policies","incorrectText1":"encourage development of alternative energy sources","incorrectText2":"promote international free trade","incorrectText3":"provide funds for the World Bank"}, {"itemType":"5KYWZNHEGDGC56G","questionText":"Which concept led to the formation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the European Union (EU)?","correctAnswerText":"interdependence","incorrectText1":"nationalism","incorrectText2":"imperialism","incorrectText3":"socialism"}, {"itemType":"5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK","questionText":"�In these [economic] structures, people looked to past practices plus cultural and religious beliefs to decide what to produce, how to produce it, how products would be distributed, and even when tasks should be performed.� Which type of economy is the author of this statement describing?","correctAnswerText":"traditional economy","incorrectText1":"command economy","incorrectText2":"mixed economy","incorrectText3":"market economy"}, {"itemType":"8L2TET9XHNDJDY6","questionText":"One result of the Crusades was an increase in trade between the Middle East and","correctAnswerText":"Europe","incorrectText1":"East Asia","incorrectText2":"North America","incorrectText3":"Africa"}, {"itemType":"GON3JDO53HYHEHP","questionText":"The introduction of banking, letters of credit, joint stock companies, and guilds contributed to the start of the","correctAnswerText":"Commercial Revolution","incorrectText1":"Renaissance","incorrectText2":"Agricultural Revolution","incorrectText3":"Enlightenment"}, {"itemType":"17S7REU8QQJYUYZ","questionText":"The fall of the Byzantine Empire to the Ottoman Turks (1453) prompted Spain and Portugal to","correctAnswerText":"seek new trade routes to East Asia","incorrectText1":"extend religious tolerance to Muslim peoples","incorrectText2":"reform their political systems","incorrectText3":"expand the Catholic Inquisition into the Middle East"}, {"itemType":"11Y568S0S231L12","questionText":"Which statement explains why the Renaissance began in Italy?","correctAnswerText":"The Italian city-states were wealthy centers of trade and manufacturing.","incorrectText1":"Italy was not influenced by a classical heritage.","incorrectText2":"Italy was politically unified by a strong central government.","incorrectText3":"The Catholic Church did not have any influence in Italy."}, {"itemType":"A21ZEU2LRRWODOM","questionText":"�I don�t know how old I am. . . . I began to work when I was about 9. I first worked for a man who used to hit me with a belt. . . . I used to sleep in the pits that had no more coal in them; I used to eat whatever I could get; I ate for a long time the candles that I found in the pits. . . .� � E. Royston Pike adapted from Hard Times, Human Documents of the Industrial Revolution. What was one thing that happened in response to The conditions described in this passage?","correctAnswerText":"Marx wrote The Communist Manifesto","incorrectText1":"Garibaldi organized the Red Shirts","incorrectText2":"Charles Darwin developed The Origin of the Species","incorrectText3":"Atat�rk joined the Young Turks"}, {"itemType":"6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ","questionText":"One way in which the encomienda system and European feudalism were similar is that both","correctAnswerText":"created a class structure in which landowners held the power","incorrectText1":"encouraged social mobility","incorrectText2":"resulted from the growth of the African slave trade","incorrectText3":"depended on extensive trade routes"}, {"itemType":"LE9MT8GZTB9S7U0","questionText":"One reason for the growth and success of 9th century cities such as Baghdad, Constantinople, and Ch�ang-an (Xian) was that they","correctAnswerText":"were located on major trade routes","incorrectText1":"were part of the Roman Empire","incorrectText2":"tolerated religious diversity","incorrectText3":"traded only with people from their immediate region"}, {"itemType":"4M68F8AH54RB0JZ","questionText":"Which statement about the Columbian exchange is a fact rather than an opinion?","correctAnswerText":"The Columbian exchange brought new foods and products to Europe and the Americas.","incorrectText1":"The Columbian exchange had a positive effect on the Americas.","incorrectText2":"The Columbian exchange benefited Europe more than it benefited the Americas.","incorrectText3":"The Columbian exchange created a modern Europe."}, {"itemType":"R9Z4Z76L58LJMYJ","questionText":"Zheng He contributed to the prosperity of China under the Ming dynasty by","correctAnswerText":"expanding trade with nations of Asia and Africa","incorrectText1":"defeating the Manchu invaders","incorrectText2":"constructing the Great Wall along the northern frontier","incorrectText3":"establishing colonies in Korea and Japan"}, {"itemType":"9JQ48U1Y2QSG4RV","questionText":"�. . . They [the Communists] openly declare that their ends can be attained [achieved] only by the forcible overthrow of all existing social conditions. Let the ruling classes tremble at a Communist revolution. The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win. Working men of all countries, unite!� � Friederich Engels and Karl Marx, Communist Manifesto, 1848. These views, expressed by Engels and Marx, were developed in reaction to the","correctAnswerText":"Industrial Revolution","incorrectText1":"unification of Germany","incorrectText2":"Commercial Revolution","incorrectText3":"Congress of Vienna"}, {"itemType":"FZLOFTA7JBEINNX","questionText":"The economic theory of laissez-faire capitalism proposes that","correctAnswerText":"governments should not interfere with business","incorrectText1":"command economies should provide the greatest opportunity for national growth","incorrectText2":"the nobility should have strict control over business and industry","incorrectText3":"the practices of mercantilism should be expanded"}, {"itemType":"WV9OOD1WODBFUT8","questionText":"Since the 1970s, the wealth of many Middle Eastern nations was increased by the","correctAnswerText":"creation of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)","incorrectText1":"formation of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)","incorrectText2":"expansion of Islamic fundamentalism","incorrectText3":"development of communes in Israel"}, {"itemType":"2WTN2EZKLD1NA2I","questionText":"Which type of economic system was used by both Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong to accelerate the economic growth of their respective nations?","correctAnswerText":"command","incorrectText1":"mixed","incorrectText2":"market","incorrectText3":"traditional"}]},
{
"itemId": "76E914E94584DD3CC9F3744",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "civics set 1",
"navBarTitleText": "civics set 1",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{"itemType":"FU9DRRDLASG0B18","questionText":"The writing of the Magna Carta was a reaction to the","correctAnswerText":"abuse of power by monarchs","incorrectText1":"economic restrictions under imperialism","incorrectText2":"missionary work of clergy","incorrectText3":"threats of revolution from colonial governors"}, {"itemType":"29V66H94IK4K1K5","questionText":"Louis XIV strengthened the power of the monarchy in France by","correctAnswerText":"centralizing control","incorrectText1":"granting democratic reforms","incorrectText2":"practicing religious toleration","incorrectText3":"reducing the size of the bureaucracy"}, {"itemType":"MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0","questionText":"� Nor is there liberty if the power of judging is not separate from legislative power and from executive power. If it were joined to legislative power, the power over the life and liberty of the citizens would be arbitrary, for the judge would be the legislator. If it were joined to executive power, the judge could have the force of an oppressor.� �Montesquieu, The Spirit of the Laws.   In this passage, Montesquieu is making reference to","correctAnswerText":"a separation of powers","incorrectText1":"an enlightened despotism","incorrectText2":"a policy of mercantilism","incorrectText3":"a social contract"}, {"itemType":"MMPPPQTR96W85B9","questionText":"What was a major reason the Russian people engaged in the Revolution of 1905?","correctAnswerText":"dissatisfaction with czarist rule","incorrectText1":"discontent with involvement in World War I","incorrectText2":"irritation over the banning of the Orthodox church","incorrectText3":"failure to emancipate the serfs"}, {"itemType":"V1LX77TKH98RRK5","questionText":"Which academic discipline focuses study on the roles and functions of government?","correctAnswerText":"political science","incorrectText1":"geography","incorrectText2":"anthropology","incorrectText3":"economics"}, {"itemType":"9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL","questionText":"� Signing of the Magna Carta � Signing of the Petition of Right � Passage of the English Bill of Rights In England, these events were instrumental in","correctAnswerText":"developing parliamentary democracy","incorrectText1":"supporting a disarmament policy","incorrectText2":"promoting government control of the economy","incorrectText3":"justifying the acquisition of territory in foreign lands"}, {"itemType":"W8NPG9KNA7FY64R","questionText":"The ideas of Enlightenment philosophers were based on","correctAnswerText":"faith in human reason","incorrectText1":"efforts to achieve salvation","incorrectText2":"traditional practices","incorrectText3":"the inevitability of poverty"}, {"itemType":"W51PW4MEE1QROQ1","questionText":"After World War I, the rise of Benito Mussolini in Italy and the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany are most closely associated with","correctAnswerText":"the development of fascism","incorrectText1":"the desire for containment","incorrectText2":"an emphasis on democratic traditions","incorrectText3":"a return to conservative religious practices"}, {"itemType":"5XGL523ABIUTY7R","questionText":"One reason the Justinian Code was significant was that it","correctAnswerText":"became the foundation of the modern legal systems of many Western countries","incorrectText1":"established the basis for the development of the Code of Hammurabi","incorrectText2":"incorporated laws from all over Asia and Europe","incorrectText3":"led to the protection of inalienable rights in Roman territories"}, {"itemType":"4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT","questionText":"Throughout history, a basic purpose of government has been to provide","correctAnswerText":"laws to maintain order","incorrectText1":"equal rights for all people","incorrectText2":"representation for all social classes","incorrectText3":"separate political and religious systems"}, {"itemType":"WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4","questionText":"The Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights both served to","correctAnswerText":"limit the power of the monarchy","incorrectText1":"extend the voting privileges of commoners","incorrectText2":"abolish the government�s role in levying taxes","incorrectText3":"support the theory of the divine right of kings"}, {"itemType":"Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF","questionText":"Which individual suggested the idea that if a government fails to protect its people�s natural rights of life, liberty, and property, the people have the right to overthrow it?","correctAnswerText":"John Locke","incorrectText1":"Karl Marx","incorrectText2":"Thomas Hobbes","incorrectText3":"Niccol� Machiavelli"}, {"itemType":"3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5","questionText":"Which action is most closely associated with totalitarian governments?","correctAnswerText":"engaging in censorship and propaganda campaigns","incorrectText1":"allowing public discussion of issues and building consensus","incorrectText2":"accepting criticism and permitting dissent","incorrectText3":"having open and transparent elections with multiple political parties"}, {"itemType":"XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4","questionText":"Which heading best completes the partial outline on British history below?                                                                                                        I. ________________________________ A. Magna Carta B. Glorious Revolution C. Bill of Rights","correctAnswerText":"Evolution of Parliamentary Democracy","incorrectText1":"Rise of Absolutism","incorrectText2":"Beginning of Socialism","incorrectText3":"Challenges to Papal Power"}, {"itemType":"6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4","questionText":"One way in which Robespierre and Louis XVI of France are similar is that both","correctAnswerText":"were removed from power during the French Revolution","incorrectText1":"adopted ideas of the Congress of Vienna","incorrectText2":"implemented policies of religious tolerance","incorrectText3":"decreased government control of the economy"}, {"itemType":"C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC","questionText":"Which goal was most important to the Indian nationalist movement?","correctAnswerText":"independence from British rule","incorrectText1":"establishing a laissez-faire economy","incorrectText2":"forming a totalitarian state","incorrectText3":"expansion of territory"}, {"itemType":"8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS","questionText":"� I conclude, then, returning to being feared and loved, that since men love at their convenience and fear at the convenience of the prince, a wise prince should found himself on what is his, not on what is someone else�s; he should only contrive to avoid hatred, as was said..    This statement is taken from the written work of","correctAnswerText":"Niccol� Machiavelli","incorrectText1":"John Locke","incorrectText2":"Adam Smith","incorrectText3":"Ignatius Loyola"}, {"itemType":"IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ","questionText":"Both the Han dynasty and the Roman Empire were known for","correctAnswerText":"having long periods of stable government","incorrectText1":"developing decentralized political structures","incorrectText2":"having governments dominated by a merchant class","incorrectText3":"using examinations to select officials"}, {"itemType":"9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF","questionText":"Which statement is consistent with the ideas of Niccol� Machiavelli?","correctAnswerText":"The law should be subject to the will of the leader.","incorrectText1":"Democratic principles should be followed faithfully.","incorrectText2":"Human rights should be respected in all countries.","incorrectText3":"Markets should operate with little governmental interference."}, {"itemType":"HARJ6XE78XNCXSA","questionText":"One way in which Peter the Great, Louis XIV, and Philip II are similar is that each","correctAnswerText":"sought to centralize power by limiting the power of the nobility","incorrectText1":"supported missionary efforts of the Roman Catholic Church","incorrectText2":"fought to block the establishment of British colonies in the Western Hemisphere","incorrectText3":"challenged feudal practices by emancipating serfs"}, {"itemType":"8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A","questionText":"Baron de Montesquieu believed that a separation of powers would","correctAnswerText":"prevent tyranny by acting as a check on power","incorrectText1":"restore authority to the Roman Catholic Church","incorrectText2":"increase corruption of political authority","incorrectText3":"decrease the power of the middle class"}, {"itemType":"6RC5YZ1KHUU0465","questionText":"What was a goal of the student protestors in Tiananmen Square in 1989?","correctAnswerText":"democratic reforms","incorrectText1":"independence for Taiwan","incorrectText2":"removal of troops from South Korea","incorrectText3":"access to foreign products"}, {"itemType":"BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM","questionText":"Which characteristic is associated with the rule of both Akbar the Great and Suleiman the Magnificent?","correctAnswerText":"practicing religious tolerance toward members of society","incorrectText1":"promoting equal rights for women","incorrectText2":"expanding the role of legislative bodies","incorrectText3":"forcing the conversion of citizens to Christianity"}, {"itemType":"HSF4BRDGX2SXB69","questionText":"� We must ask ourselves three questions. 1. What is the Third Estate? Everything. 2. What has it been until now in the political order? Nothing. 3. What does it want to be? Something. � � Abb� Siey�s, 1789 (adapted)          Based on this passage, what did the Third Estate want?","correctAnswerText":"more influence in the political system","incorrectText1":"independence from France","incorrectText2":"removal of the monarchy","incorrectText3":"freedom of religion in France"}, {"itemType":"9TINW08CRITM2N9","questionText":"One way in which the government under Czar Nicholas II of Russia and the government under Benito Mussolini of Italy are similar is that both governments","correctAnswerText":"established policies of censorship and repression","incorrectText1":"liberated the serfs and industrial workers","incorrectText2":"reformed the executive branch by incorporating theocratic principles","incorrectText3":"used televised propaganda to rally the masses"}, {"itemType":"IR07J676OISB4HU","questionText":"Ho Chi Minh and Jomo Kenyatta were leaders of movements that were attempting to achieve","correctAnswerText":"self-determination","incorrectText1":"nuclear disarmament","incorrectText2":"pan-Africanism","incorrectText3":"collective security"}, {"itemType":"DVK5QLN0B25CP5N","questionText":"The Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the English Bill of Rights led the English government to develop a political system in which","correctAnswerText":"rulers were responsible to the people","incorrectText1":"religious authorities controlled the lawmaking process","incorrectText2":"the power of the monarch came from God","incorrectText3":"the individual was denied a trial by jury"}, {"itemType":"V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY","questionText":"Enlightenment thinkers encouraged the improvement of society through the","correctAnswerText":"use of reason","incorrectText1":"teachings of the church","incorrectText2":"development of absolutism","incorrectText3":"establishment of a rigid social hierarchy"}, {"itemType":"KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I","questionText":"People would prefer their own bad government rather than submit to the good government of a foreign power. Which concept is characterized by this statement?","correctAnswerText":"nationalism","incorrectText1":"socialism","incorrectText2":"communism","incorrectText3":"militarism"}, {"itemType":"3S3OX0N305A2N1R","questionText":"One way in which Akbar the Great, Ivan the Terrible, and Louis XIV are similar is that they were all","correctAnswerText":"absolute rulers","incorrectText1":"theocratic rulers","incorrectText2":"elected leaders","incorrectText3":"enlightened despots"}, {"itemType":"OVVV5FJUTV71M45","questionText":"�The French Revolution is most important for having changed subjects to citizens.� This statement emphasizes the shift from","correctAnswerText":"divine right rule to people�s participation in government","incorrectText1":"religious traditions to secular values","incorrectText2":"rural lifestyles to urban lifestyles","incorrectText3":"private property ownership to government ownership"}, {"itemType":"YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP","questionText":"Which reform was included in Atat�rk�s efforts to modernize Turkey?","correctAnswerText":"granting women the right to vote","incorrectText1":"reintroducing strict Islamic law","incorrectText2":"adopting Arabic script","incorrectText3":"requiring men to wear a fez"}, {"itemType":"9ATK959C2RJDRXK","questionText":"The use of the Marshall Plan in Western Europe after World War II strengthened the forces of","correctAnswerText":"democracy","incorrectText1":"isolationism","incorrectText2":"communism","incorrectText3":"autocracy"}, {"itemType":"I515USMBMX2R1D3","questionText":"� If a son has struck his father, they shall cut off his hand. � If a seignior has destroyed the eye of a member of the aristocracy, they shall destroy his eye. � If he has broken another seignior�s bone, they shall break his bone. Which document contains these statements?","correctAnswerText":"Code of Hammurabi","incorrectText1":"Ten Commandments","incorrectText2":"Edicts of Asoka","incorrectText3":"Twelve Tables"}, {"itemType":"9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI","questionText":"Akbar the Great, Suleiman the Magnificent, and Louis XIV are all rulers associated with","correctAnswerText":"absolutism","incorrectText1":"natural rights","incorrectText2":"religious toleration","incorrectText3":"filial piety"}, {"itemType":"EPCP98OYHVDOU4A","questionText":"Speaker A: I do not agree with what you have to say, but I�ll defend to the death your right to say it. Speaker B: Government has no other end, but the preservation of property. Speaker C: Man is born free, and everywhere he is in shackles.    Which historical figure expressed ideas that are most similar to those of speaker B?","correctAnswerText":"John Locke","incorrectText1":"Thomas Malthus","incorrectText2":"Peter the Great","incorrectText3":"Bishop Jacques-B�nigne Bossuet"}, {"itemType":"KICKKXSXUCGKDYT","questionText":"A DEO REX, A REGE LEX ��the king is from God, and law is from the king.� � James I. This quotation best reflects the concept of","correctAnswerText":"divine right rule","incorrectText1":"constitutional monarchy","incorrectText2":"separation of powers","incorrectText3":"equal representation"}, {"itemType":"HQSUDLM4W56G5G3","questionText":"One way in which Robespierre and Napoleon are similar is that they both","correctAnswerText":"increased their power during the French Revolution","incorrectText1":"played an important role at the Congress of Vienna","incorrectText2":"were executed for treason by French monarchs","incorrectText3":"led armies against the Haitians"}, {"itemType":"M6L7YCS6YVBNI48","questionText":"Woodrow Wilson�s Fourteen Points influenced many colonial peoples in Asia and Africa to","correctAnswerText":"seek self-determination","incorrectText1":"create military alliances","incorrectText2":"reject terrorism","incorrectText3":"extend extraterritoriality"}, {"itemType":"TBIDXY8QT09WZDG","questionText":"What was a key characteristic of an absolute monarchy in the 16th and 17th centuries?","correctAnswerText":"centralized governmental authority","incorrectText1":"increased political rights for peasants and serfs","incorrectText2":"freedom of religion","incorrectText3":"a system of checks and balances"}, {"itemType":"QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD","questionText":"Many Enlightenment philosophers used reason to","correctAnswerText":"reveal natural laws","incorrectText1":"reinforce traditional beliefs","incorrectText2":"strengthen religious authority","incorrectText3":"encourage censorship"}, {"itemType":"IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU","questionText":"One reason the League of Nations failed as a world organization was that it","correctAnswerText":"lacked a military force to settle conflicts","incorrectText1":"supported the rise of fascist states","incorrectText2":"dealt with conflict by establishing naval blockades","incorrectText3":"encouraged the annexation of territory by force"}, {"itemType":"9150158FNA5XOVV","questionText":"Which statement about China is a fact rather than an opinion?","correctAnswerText":"The Mandate of Heaven was an idea developed in ancient China.","incorrectText1":"Flooding was the worst disaster to affect ancient Chinese civilizations.","incorrectText2":"Early Chinese civilizations were the most important civilizations in the world.","incorrectText3":"Dynastic governments were highly effective in China."}, {"itemType":"OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0","questionText":"A main goal of the monarchs of Europe during the Age of Absolutism was to","correctAnswerText":"centralize political power","incorrectText1":"establish legislative bodies","incorrectText2":"improve the quality of life for the peasant class","incorrectText3":"expand the role of the Catholic Church"}, {"itemType":"UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U","questionText":"Jean-Jacques Rousseau and John Locke both agreed that a government should be based on the","correctAnswerText":"consent of the governed","incorrectText1":"separation of nationalities","incorrectText2":"religious values of the people","incorrectText3":"equal distribution of wealth"}, {"itemType":"VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP","questionText":"Which political system is best described in the outline below? I.____________________________ A. Decentralized government B. Based on loyalty and service C. Code of chivalry D. Military elite","correctAnswerText":"Feudalism","incorrectText1":"Oligarchy","incorrectText2":"Absolutism","incorrectText3":"Democracy"}, {"itemType":"8UKFL9QB8570RXP","questionText":"Which statement about government during the Tokugawa period in Japan is most accurate?","correctAnswerText":"Actual power was held by the shogun.","incorrectText1":"The power of the emperor was absolute and supreme.","incorrectText2":"The real power was held by foreign countries.","incorrectText3":"Political power was in the hands of the merchant class."}, {"itemType":"FX96LMXJUNBPTWL","questionText":"Louis XIV and Peter the Great would most likely agree with the expression","correctAnswerText":"�do not question government authority�","incorrectText1":"�government should leave businesses alone�","incorrectText2":"�countries should settle differences without war�","incorrectText3":"�all men are created with natural rights�"}, {"itemType":"4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW","questionText":"Which leader is most closely associated with the rise of fascism in Italy prior to World War II?","correctAnswerText":"Benito Mussolini","incorrectText1":"Ho Chi Minh","incorrectText2":"Mao Zedong","incorrectText3":"Winston Churchill"}, {"itemType":"FTV4F5OFSF293XL","questionText":"The South African government�s policy of racial separation between 1948 and 1994 was called","correctAnswerText":"apartheid","incorrectText1":"Pan-Africanism","incorrectText2":"democratization","incorrectText3":"suffrage"}, {"itemType":"HI4X8VLDXB6CU97","questionText":"The Twelve Tables were the written laws of","correctAnswerText":"ancient Rome","incorrectText1":"ancient Babylonia","incorrectText2":"the Mauryan Empire","incorrectText3":"the British Empire"}, {"itemType":"38CTTRF38X7325C","questionText":"One way in which the English Magna Carta (1215), the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen (1789), and the Japanese Constitution (1947) are similar is that all these documents","correctAnswerText":"limited the power of the monarch","incorrectText1":"provided for universal suffrage","incorrectText2":"created a theocracy","incorrectText3":"equalized taxes"}, {"itemType":"BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9","questionText":"Which form of political leadership is most closely associated with Ivan the Terrible, Suleiman the Magnificent, and Philip II of Spain?","correctAnswerText":"absolutist","incorrectText1":"democratic","incorrectText2":"communist","incorrectText3":"theocratic"}, {"itemType":"9UYVCNJEO4SL600","questionText":"According to John Locke, the purpose of government is to","correctAnswerText":"protect the natural rights of individuals","incorrectText1":"serve the monarch","incorrectText2":"create overseas settlements","incorrectText3":"stimulate the economy"}, {"itemType":"SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ","questionText":"Which form of government is best characterized by one-party rule, censorship, and the use of terror to maintain power?","correctAnswerText":"totalitarian","incorrectText1":"feudal","incorrectText2":"limited monarchy","incorrectText3":"parliamentary democracy"}, {"itemType":"FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP","questionText":". . . I conclude, therefore, with regard to being feared and loved, that men love at their own free will, but fear at the will of the prince, and that a wise prince must rely on what is in his power and not on what is in the power of others, and he must only contrive to avoid incurring hatred, as has been explained. . . . This passage is most closely associated with the ideas of","correctAnswerText":"Niccol� Machiavelli","incorrectText1":"Pope Urban II","incorrectText2":"John Calvin","incorrectText3":"Thomas Malthus"}, {"itemType":"YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3","questionText":"One way in which Sulieman the Magnificent, Akbar the Great, and Louis XIV are similar is that each was","correctAnswerText":"an absolute monarch","incorrectText1":"an important religious reformer","incorrectText2":"a supporter of laissez-faire practices","incorrectText3":"a leader of independence movements"}, {"itemType":"MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI","questionText":"One way in which Atat�rk of Turkey and Ho Chi Minh of Vietnam are similar is that they both","correctAnswerText":"led nationalist movements in their countries","incorrectText1":"formed communist governments","incorrectText2":"kept their countries out of the United Nations","incorrectText3":"led their countries during the Cold War"}, {"itemType":"A9BBHEWS99VQPQG","questionText":"One way in which the Code of Hammurabi, the Twelve Tables, and the Justinian Code are similar is that each","correctAnswerText":"established legal standards","incorrectText1":"legalized monotheistic beliefs","incorrectText2":"provided records of economic activity","incorrectText3":"supported republican governments"}, {"itemType":"HWHPLOAQRN459YD","questionText":"A common goal of Philip II of Spain and Louis XIV of France was to","correctAnswerText":"maintain absolute power","incorrectText1":"spread Calvinism","incorrectText2":"promote political revolutions","incorrectText3":"isolate their nations"}, {"itemType":"ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH","questionText":"� Parliament offered the throne to King William and Queen Mary. � Catholic King James II fled England for France. � Parliament agreed to joint rule with the monarch. These events are most closely associated with the","correctAnswerText":"Glorious Revolution","incorrectText1":"Crusades","incorrectText2":"French Revolution","incorrectText3":"Reconquista"}, {"itemType":"PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3","questionText":"At the Congress of Vienna (1815), the governments of Europe reacted to the French Revolution and the rule of Napoleon by attempting to","correctAnswerText":"restore old regimes to power","incorrectText1":"spread the idea of democracy","incorrectText2":"encourage nationalist movements","incorrectText3":"promote the European free-trade zone"}, {"itemType":"M32KSEKMXP9VM9H","questionText":"Which action is most closely associated with Atat�rk (Mustafa Kemal)?","correctAnswerText":"using Western practices to modernize Turkey","incorrectText1":"beginning the Zionist movement","incorrectText2":"starting the Palestine Liberation Organization","incorrectText3":"enforcing Islamic law"}, {"itemType":"9NK0N52O2K7MILW","questionText":"Which action occurred in the Soviet Union under Mikhail Gorbachev?","correctAnswerText":"Citizens experienced more personal freedoms under glasnost.","incorrectText1":"Peasants were forced onto collective farms.","incorrectText2":"The United States and the Soviet Union ended diplomatic relations.","incorrectText3":"The Soviet government increased its control over the Orthodox Church."}, {"itemType":"ACVORE5RIFGXI9T","questionText":"Which statement represents a characteristic of democracy?","correctAnswerText":"Citizens are the source of power in government.","incorrectText1":"Religious leaders control government policy.","incorrectText2":"The government limits the thoughts and actions of the people.","incorrectText3":"The laws of the government are made by influential military officers."}, {"itemType":"W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG","questionText":"In Two Treatises of Government, John Locke wrote that the purpose of government was to","correctAnswerText":"protect natural rights","incorrectText1":"keep kings in power","incorrectText2":"regulate the economy","incorrectText3":"expand territory"}, {"itemType":"0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ","questionText":". . . Art. 31. All Indians held in encomienda by the viceroys, by their lieutenants, royal officers, prelates, monasteries, hospitals, religious houses, mints, the treasury, etc., are to be transferred forthwith to the Crown. . . . Art. 38. Lawsuits involving Indians are no longer to be tried in the Indies, or by the Council of the Indies, but must be pleaded before the King himself. . . . � New Laws issued by Emperor Charles V, 1542�1543.     One purpose of these laws was to","correctAnswerText":"reduce local authority and increase central control","incorrectText1":"increase religious authority and limit secular influences","incorrectText2":"guarantee citizenship to Indians while supporting traditional practices","incorrectText3":"promote economic development while expanding political rights for Indians"}, {"itemType":"LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z","questionText":". . . (1) Internally, arouse the masses of the people. That is, unite the working class, the peasantry, the urban petty bourgeoisie and the national bourgeoisie, form a domestic united front under the leadership of the working class, and advance from this to the establishment of a state which is a people�s democratic dictatorship under the leadership of the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants. (2) Externally, unite in a common struggle with those nations of the world which treat us as equals and unite with the peoples of all countries. That is, ally ourselves with the Soviet Union, with the People�s Democracies and with the proletariat and the broad masses of the people in all other countries, and form an international united front. . . . Source: Mao Tse-Tung [Mao Zedong], Selected Works, Volume Five, 1945�1949, New York International Publishers.     In This passage, Mao Zedong is suggesting that China","correctAnswerText":"join with the Soviet Union as a partner in communism","incorrectText1":"create a government under the leadership of industrialists","incorrectText2":"give up its independence and become a part of the Soviet Union","incorrectText3":"rely on the United Nations for economic aid"}, {"itemType":"6J6SIRWPNI6IONR","questionText":"One similarity between the Roman Empire and the Ottoman Empire is that both","correctAnswerText":"declined because of corruption in government","incorrectText1":"reached their height of power at the same time","incorrectText2":"developed parliamentary governments","incorrectText3":"ensured equality for women"}, {"itemType":"JOJC5JND6O7R6NH","questionText":"One way in which Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau are similar is that they were","correctAnswerText":"philosophers during the Age of Enlightenment","incorrectText1":"chief ministers during the French Revolution","incorrectText2":"leaders of the Italian unification movement","incorrectText3":"supporters of the Counter Reformation"}, {"itemType":"TX38PQXUNZK77UN","questionText":"One similarity between Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini is that both","correctAnswerText":"led fascist states","incorrectText1":"supported communism","incorrectText2":"rejected militarism","incorrectText3":"remained in power after World War II"}, {"itemType":"IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW","questionText":"One contribution of ancient Roman culture was the development of","correctAnswerText":" a republican form of government","incorrectText1":"the concept of zero","incorrectText2":"the process of making silk","incorrectText3":"the printing press"}, {"itemType":"B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68","questionText":"According to John Locke, the chief role of government was to","correctAnswerText":"protect natural rights","incorrectText1":"fight territorial wars","incorrectText2":"ensure the wealth of citizens","incorrectText3":"redistribute land"}, {"itemType":"Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV","questionText":"What was one reason that totalitarian dictatorships gained power in Europe between World War I and World War II?","correctAnswerText":"Governments failed to meet the needs of the people.","incorrectText1":"Famine and AIDS spread throughout Europe.","incorrectText2":"Trade was banned between western and eastern Europe.","incorrectText3":"Monarchies were reinstated in many nations."}, {"itemType":"0WK63DOOS2FXIQR","questionText":"Which pair of leaders used political purges, including the killing of opposition groups, as a means of maintaining control of the government?","correctAnswerText":"Joseph Stalin and Mao Zedong","incorrectText1":"Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen) and Emperor Hirohito","incorrectText2":"Sim�n Bol�var and Bernardo O�Higgins","incorrectText3":"F. W. de Klerk and Indira Gandhi"}, {"itemType":"LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y","questionText":"Which society practiced direct democracy?","correctAnswerText":"ancient Athens","incorrectText1":"Gupta Empire","incorrectText2":"dynastic China","incorrectText3":"early Egypt"}, {"itemType":"WA72MFJ0LXADZMV","questionText":"One contribution that John Locke made to Enlightenment philosophy was the idea that","correctAnswerText":"governments should be based on the consent of the people","incorrectText1":"absolute monarchies should continue","incorrectText2":"the punishment should fit the crime","incorrectText3":"individual rights should be denied"}, {"itemType":"F4PB21EHTG20GMV","questionText":"What was a major result of the Glorious Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"England further limited its monarchy.","incorrectText1":"Napoleon was restored to power.","incorrectText2":"Oliver Cromwell became the leader of England.","incorrectText3":"The Spanish Armada was defeated."}, {"itemType":"RQFKPE3OR6A25JD","questionText":"Which statement would Social Darwinists most likely support?","correctAnswerText":"Stronger groups have the right to rule and control weaker groups.","incorrectText1":"Universal suffrage is a basic human right.","incorrectText2":"Political equality strengthens the effectiveness of government.","incorrectText3":"Public education should be guaranteed to all members of a society."}, {"itemType":"I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ","questionText":"The term appeasement is best defined as","correctAnswerText":"an attempt to avoid conflict by meeting the demands of an aggressor","incorrectText1":"a period of peace and prosperity, resulting in cultural achievement","incorrectText2":"a declaration of war between two or more nations","incorrectText3":"an agreement removing economic barriers between nations"}, {"itemType":"6KQZN538LCU7K9W","questionText":"A similarity between the Polish group Solidarity in 1980 and the Chinese protesters in Tiananmen Square in 1989 is that both groups","correctAnswerText":"supported movements for democracy","incorrectText1":"succeeded in ending communism","incorrectText2":"encouraged military occupation by the Soviet Union","incorrectText3":"favored increases in military spending"}, {"itemType":"XHSC0TOD89CA4ZG","questionText":"The governments of Augusto Pinochet, Saddam Hussein, and Slobodan Milosevic are examples of","correctAnswerText":"oppressive regimes","incorrectText1":"absolute monarchies","incorrectText2":"democratic republics","incorrectText3":"Islamic theocracies"}, {"itemType":"LFNB87QHK1KPSO1","questionText":". . . Above all, we want equal political rights, because without them our disabilities will be permanent. I know this sounds revolutionary to the Whites in this country, because the majority of voters will be Africans. This makes the White man fear democracy. But this fear cannot be allowed to stand in the way of the only solution which will guarantee racial harmony and freedom for all. It is not true that the enfranchisement [right to vote] of all will result in racial domination. Political division, based on colour, is entirely artificial and, when it disappears, so will the domination of one colour group by another. The ANC [African National Congress] has spent half a century fighting against racialism. When it triumphs it will not change that policy. . . . � Nelson Mandela, Speech at Rivonia Trial, 1964.   This passage describes the opposition of the African National Congress to the","correctAnswerText":"practice of apartheid","incorrectText1":"revival of colonialism","incorrectText2":"rivalries between tribes","incorrectText3":"introduction of a coalition government"}, {"itemType":"YP9VFMHQA5RJ9O1","questionText":". . . Above all, we want equal political rights, because without them our disabilities will be permanent. I know this sounds revolutionary to the Whites in this country, because the majority of voters will be Africans. This makes the White man fear democracy. But this fear cannot be allowed to stand in the way of the only solution which will guarantee racial harmony and freedom for all. It is not true that the enfranchisement [right to vote] of all will result in racial domination. Political division, based on colour, is entirely artificial and, when it disappears, so will the domination of one colour group by another. The ANC [African National Congress] has spent half a century fighting against racialism. When it triumphs it will not change that policy. . . . � Nelson Mandela, Speech at Rivonia Trial, 1964.   Which generalization can be supported by This passage?","correctAnswerText":"Nelson Mandela opposed political division based on color.","incorrectText1":"Racism has disappeared in South Africa.","incorrectText2":"The African National Congress has changed its social goals.","incorrectText3":"Giving the vote to black Africans will result in racial domination."}, {"itemType":"34BUUBUS07QUA6M","questionText":". . . The power of God can be felt in a moment from one end of the world to the other: the royal power acts simultaneously throughout the kingdom. It holds the whole kingdom in position just as God holds the whole world. If God were to withdraw his hand, the entire world would return to nothing: if authority ceases in the kingdom, all lapses into confusion. . . . � Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bossuet.    This passage describes the idea of","correctAnswerText":"divine right rule","incorrectText1":"parliamentary democracy","incorrectText2":"Marxism","incorrectText3":"totalitarianism"}, {"itemType":"NORRDWZROR868GG","questionText":"One similarity in the leadership of Sim�n Bol�var and Jomo Kenyatta is that both leaders","correctAnswerText":"fought for independence from European control","incorrectText1":"promoted European control over the Americas","incorrectText2":"became religious leaders of their countries","incorrectText3":"controlled large areas of land in the Americas "}, {"itemType":"20E6K97FCPOIUK3","questionText":". . .�If a man has knocked out the teeth of a man of the same rank, his own teeth shall be knocked out. If he has knocked out the teeth of a plebeian (commoner), he shall pay one-third of a mina of silver.�. . . � Code of Hammurabi.  Which statement is supported by this excerpt from Hammurabi�s code of laws?","correctAnswerText":"Law sometimes distinguishes between social classes.","incorrectText1":"All men are equal under the law.","incorrectText2":"Fines are preferable to physical punishment.","incorrectText3":"Violence must always be punished with violence."}, {"itemType":"B7PFLDEF4F7G29R","questionText":"Which person is credited with saying �L��tat, c�est moi� (I am the state)?","correctAnswerText":"Louis XIV","incorrectText1":" Karl Marx","incorrectText2":"John Locke","incorrectText3":"Queen Isabella"}, {"itemType":"5MH112LCJ8OZFJM","questionText":"Which statement expresses an idea of the Enlightenment?","correctAnswerText":"All individuals have natural rights.","incorrectText1":"The king is sacred and answers only to God.","incorrectText2":"History is a continuous struggle between social classes.","incorrectText3":"Those who are the most fit will survive and succeed."}, {"itemType":"QSACQ30L9JIL10F","questionText":"� If a man has destroyed the eye of a free man, his own eye shall be destroyed. � If a man has knocked out the teeth of a man of the same rank, his own teeth shall be knocked out. These rules are based on the","correctAnswerText":"Code of Hammurabi","incorrectText1":"Analects of Confucius","incorrectText2":"Ten Commandments","incorrectText3":"Koran (Qur�an)"}, {"itemType":"9JVOLU33V3F2AHJ","questionText":"The theory justifying a monarch�s rule by God�s authority is called","correctAnswerText":"divine right","incorrectText1":"laissez faire","incorrectText2":"predestination","incorrectText3":"totalitarianism"}, {"itemType":"CRTDFM43DP4R453","questionText":"During the 1800s, reform legislation passed in Great Britain, France, and Germany led to","correctAnswerText":"legalizing trade unions, setting minimum wages, and limiting child labor","incorrectText1":"formation of zaibatsu, greater equality for men, and establishment of a banking system","incorrectText2":"government-owned factories, establishment of five-year plans, and limits placed on immigration","incorrectText3":"bans on overseas trade, mandatory military service, and universal suffrage for women"}, {"itemType":"FUDC1SLFFVA8JBR","questionText":"Totalitarian governments are characterized by the","correctAnswerText":"use of censorship, secret police, and repression","incorrectText1":"elimination of heavy industry","incorrectText2":"lack of a written constitution","incorrectText3":"support of the people for parliamentary decisions"}, {"itemType":"IU9PUN9WV28C5Z0","questionText":"One similarity between the Korean War and the Vietnam War is that both wars were","correctAnswerText":"fought as a result of differing political ideologies during the Cold War","incorrectText1":"resolved through the diplomatic efforts of the United Nations","incorrectText2":"fought without foreign influence or assistance","incorrectText3":"caused by religious conflicts"}, {"itemType":"6FFIMTC0G3ZM0TP","questionText":"During the 20th century, global attention was drawn to the Armenians of the Ottoman Empire, the Tutsis of Rwanda, and the Muslims of Kosovo because these groups were all victims of","correctAnswerText":"human rights violations","incorrectText1":"nuclear power accidents","incorrectText2":"environmental disasters","incorrectText3":"the AIDS epidemic"}, {"itemType":"5WFRV6D1AF857M2","questionText":". . . Finally, gather together all that we have said, so great and so august [important], about royal authority. You have seen a great nation united under one man: you have seen his sacred power, paternal and absolute: you have seen that secret reason which directs the body politic, enclosed in one head: you have seen the image of God in kings, and you will have the idea of majesty of kingship. God is holiness itself, goodness itself, power itself, reason itself. In these things consists the divine majesty. In their reflection consists the majesty of the prince. . . . � Jacques-Benigne Bossuet. Which philosophy of government is expressed by This quotation?","correctAnswerText":"divine right","incorrectText1":"oligarchy","incorrectText2":"democracy","incorrectText3":"fascism"}, {"itemType":"ICALETH1G91HXTE","questionText":"Locke�s Two Treatises of Government, Rousseau�s The Social Contract, and Montesquieu�s The Spirit of the Laws were works written during which time period?","correctAnswerText":"Enlightenment","incorrectText1":"Middle Ages","incorrectText2":"Renaissance","incorrectText3":"Reformation"}, {"itemType":"6HN4D643RTBD5SO","questionText":"The Pillars of Emperor Asoka of the Mauryan Empire and the Code of Hammurabi of Babylon are most similar to the","correctAnswerText":"Twelve Tables of the Romans","incorrectText1":"ziggurats of Sumeria","incorrectText2":"map projections of Mercator","incorrectText3":"Great Sphinx of the Egyptians"}, {"itemType":"5KYWZNHEGDGC56G","questionText":"Which statement most likely represents the view of a citizen of ancient Athens visiting Sparta?","correctAnswerText":"�The government and society in Sparta are so strict. The people have little voice in government.�","incorrectText1":"�I feel as though I have never left home. Everything here is the same as it is in Athens.�","incorrectText2":"�This society allows for more freedom of expression than I have ever experienced in Athens.�","incorrectText3":"�I have never heard of a society like Sparta that believes in only one God.�"}, {"itemType":"5LJDQKOI9PWSCSK","questionText":"Speaker A: Although I spread serfdom in my country, I tried to modernize our society by incorporating western technology. Speaker B: I promoted culture with my support of the arts. Unfortunately, I drained my country�s treasury by building my palace at Versailles and involving my country in costly wars. Speaker C: I gained much wealth from my overseas empire in the Americas. I waged war against the Protestants and lost. Speaker D: I inherited the throne and imprisoned my foes without a trial. I dissolved Parliament because I did not want to consult with them when I increased taxes..   Which type of government is most closely associated with all these speakers?","correctAnswerText":"absolute monarchylimited monarchy","incorrectText1":"direct democracy","incorrectText2":"constitutional democracy","incorrectText3":""}, {"itemType":"8L2TET9XHNDJDY6","questionText":". . . The Laws ought to be so framed, as to secure the Safety of every Citizen as much as possible. . . . The Equality of the Citizens consists in this; that they should all be subject to the same Laws. . . . � Documents of Catherine the Great, W. F. Reddaway, ed., Cambridge University Press (adapted). these ideas of Catherine the Great of Russia originated during the","correctAnswerText":"Age of Enlightenment","incorrectText1":"Age of Exploration","incorrectText2":"Protestant Reformation","incorrectText3":"French Revolution"}, {"itemType":"GON3JDO53HYHEHP","questionText":"Totalitarian countries are characterized by","correctAnswerText":"government control of newspapers, radio, and television","incorrectText1":"free and open discussions of ideas","incorrectText2":"a multiparty system with several candidates for each office","incorrectText3":"government protection of people�s civil liberties"}, {"itemType":"17S7REU8QQJYUYZ","questionText":"� Roman women could own property. � Roman women could make wills leaving their property to whomever they chose. A valid conclusion drawn from these facts is that Roman women","correctAnswerText":"enjoyed some legal rights","incorrectText1":"had the right to vote","incorrectText2":"were equal to men","incorrectText3":"could hold political offices"}, {"itemType":"11Y568S0S231L12","questionText":"Many European monarchs of the 1600s maintained that they should have absolute power to rule because they","correctAnswerText":"had been given their power to govern from God","incorrectText1":"needed to defend their nations against threats the Western Hemisphere","incorrectText2":"thought that all people should have the right to a good ruler","incorrectText3":"thought that communism was the superior political system"}, {"itemType":"A21ZEU2LRRWODOM","questionText":"Which idea became a central belief of the Enlightenment?","correctAnswerText":"The use of reason would lead to human progress.","incorrectText1":"Mathematics could be used to solve all human problems.","incorrectText2":"The ancient Romans had the best form of government.","incorrectText3":"People should give up their natural rights to their rulers."}, {"itemType":"6FNTMEVJZOQ2KYZ","questionText":"�. . . The key-stone of the Fascist doctrine is its conception of the State, of its essence, its functions, and its aims. For Fascism the State is absolute, individuals and groups relative. Individuals and groups are admissable in so far as they come within the State. Instead of directing the game and guiding the material and moral progress of the community, the liberal State restricts its activities to recording results. The Fascist State is wide awake and has a will of its own. For this reason it can be described as �ethical�. . . .� � Benito Mussolini, Fascism: Doctrine and Institutions, Howard Fertig, 1932.  Which statement expresses the main idea of the passage?","correctAnswerText":"The state is more important than the individuals within it.","incorrectText1":"The people have a right to overthrow ineffective governments.","incorrectText2":"The state gets its authority from the power of individuals.","incorrectText3":"The establishment of an empire will cause division and chaos."}]},
{
"itemId": "2F80654433014B3097A341E",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "civics set 2",
"navBarTitleText": "civics set 2",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",


"passing_score": "65",
"reset_timer": "0",
"disable_vert_scroll_bar": "0",
"topBar_backg_color": "#FFFFFF",
"question_background_color": "#FFFFFF",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableWrongAnswerExplanation": "0",
"enableGameCenter": "0",
"share_via_email": "0",
"share_via_tmFB": "0",
"share_via_tmTWT": "0",
"enableShareViaAndy": "0",
"childItems": [{"itemType":"FU9DRRDLASG0B18","questionText":"A similarity between the Polish group Solidarity in 1980 and the Chinese protesters in Tiananmen Square in 1989 is that both groups","correctAnswerText":"supported movements for democracy","incorrectText1":"succeeded in ending communism","incorrectText2":"encouraged military occupation by the Soviet Union","incorrectText3":"favored increases in military spending"}, {"itemType":"29V66H94IK4K1K5","questionText":"The governments of Augusto Pinochet, Saddam Hussein, and Slobodan Milosevic are examples of","correctAnswerText":"oppressive regimes","incorrectText1":"absolute monarchies","incorrectText2":"democratic republics","incorrectText3":"Islamic theocracies"}, {"itemType":"MHQZQ4U48FCZFT0","questionText":". . . Above all, we want equal political rights, because without them our disabilities will be permanent. I know this sounds revolutionary to the Whites in this country, because the majority of voters will be Africans. This makes the White man fear democracy. But this fear cannot be allowed to stand in the way of the only solution which will guarantee racial harmony and freedom for all. It is not true that the enfranchisement [right to vote] of all will result in racial domination. Political division, based on colour, is entirely artificial and, when it disappears, so will the domination of one colour group by another. The ANC [African National Congress] has spent half a century fighting against racialism. When it triumphs it will not change that policy. . . . � Nelson Mandela, Speech at Rivonia Trial, 1964.   This passage describes the opposition of the African National Congress to the","correctAnswerText":"practice of apartheid","incorrectText1":"revival of colonialism","incorrectText2":"rivalries between tribes","incorrectText3":"introduction of a coalition government"}, {"itemType":"MMPPPQTR96W85B9","questionText":". . . Above all, we want equal political rights, because without them our disabilities will be permanent. I know this sounds revolutionary to the Whites in this country, because the majority of voters will be Africans. This makes the White man fear democracy. But this fear cannot be allowed to stand in the way of the only solution which will guarantee racial harmony and freedom for all. It is not true that the enfranchisement [right to vote] of all will result in racial domination. Political division, based on colour, is entirely artificial and, when it disappears, so will the domination of one colour group by another. The ANC [African National Congress] has spent half a century fighting against racialism. When it triumphs it will not change that policy. . . . � Nelson Mandela, Speech at Rivonia Trial, 1964.   Which generalization can be supported by This passage?","correctAnswerText":"Nelson Mandela opposed political division based on color.","incorrectText1":"Racism has disappeared in South Africa.","incorrectText2":"The African National Congress has changed its social goals.","incorrectText3":"Giving the vote to black Africans will result in racial domination."}, {"itemType":"V1LX77TKH98RRK5","questionText":". . . The power of God can be felt in a moment from one end of the world to the other: the royal power acts simultaneously throughout the kingdom. It holds the whole kingdom in position just as God holds the whole world. If God were to withdraw his hand, the entire world would return to nothing: if authority ceases in the kingdom, all lapses into confusion. . . . � Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bossuet.    This passage describes the idea of","correctAnswerText":"divine right rule","incorrectText1":"parliamentary democracy","incorrectText2":"Marxism","incorrectText3":"totalitarianism"}, {"itemType":"9KOYNYK7BQ22BKL","questionText":"One similarity in the leadership of Sim�n Bol�var and Jomo Kenyatta is that both leaders","correctAnswerText":"fought for independence from European control","incorrectText1":"promoted European control over the Americas","incorrectText2":"became religious leaders of their countries","incorrectText3":"controlled large areas of land in the Americas "}, {"itemType":"W8NPG9KNA7FY64R","questionText":". . .�If a man has knocked out the teeth of a man of the same rank, his own teeth shall be knocked out. If he has knocked out the teeth of a plebeian (commoner), he shall pay one-third of a mina of silver.�. . . � Code of Hammurabi.  Which statement is supported by this excerpt from Hammurabi�s code of laws?","correctAnswerText":"Law sometimes distinguishes between social classes.","incorrectText1":"All men are equal under the law.","incorrectText2":"Fines are preferable to physical punishment.","incorrectText3":"Violence must always be punished with violence."}, {"itemType":"W51PW4MEE1QROQ1","questionText":"Which person is credited with saying �L��tat, c�est moi� (I am the state)?","correctAnswerText":"Louis XIV","incorrectText1":" Karl Marx","incorrectText2":"John Locke","incorrectText3":"Queen Isabella"}, {"itemType":"5XGL523ABIUTY7R","questionText":"Which statement expresses an idea of the Enlightenment?","correctAnswerText":"All individuals have natural rights.","incorrectText1":"The king is sacred and answers only to God.","incorrectText2":"History is a continuous struggle between social classes.","incorrectText3":"Those who are the most fit will survive and succeed."}, {"itemType":"4XPPXBI1SZDCJLT","questionText":"� If a man has destroyed the eye of a free man, his own eye shall be destroyed. � If a man has knocked out the teeth of a man of the same rank, his own teeth shall be knocked out. These rules are based on the","correctAnswerText":"Code of Hammurabi","incorrectText1":"Analects of Confucius","incorrectText2":"Ten Commandments","incorrectText3":"Koran (Qur�an)"}, {"itemType":"WSEQV21RAZ7DLL4","questionText":"The theory justifying a monarch�s rule by God�s authority is called","correctAnswerText":"divine right","incorrectText1":"laissez faire","incorrectText2":"predestination","incorrectText3":"totalitarianism"}, {"itemType":"Y9QL0QMK5FVX3YF","questionText":"During the 1800s, reform legislation passed in Great Britain, France, and Germany led to","correctAnswerText":"legalizing trade unions, setting minimum wages, and limiting child labor","incorrectText1":"formation of zaibatsu, greater equality for men, and establishment of a banking system","incorrectText2":"government-owned factories, establishment of five-year plans, and limits placed on immigration","incorrectText3":"bans on overseas trade, mandatory military service, and universal suffrage for women"}, {"itemType":"3VO5L9YIPF9UUU5","questionText":"Totalitarian governments are characterized by the","correctAnswerText":"use of censorship, secret police, and repression","incorrectText1":"elimination of heavy industry","incorrectText2":"lack of a written constitution","incorrectText3":"support of the people for parliamentary decisions"}, {"itemType":"XNL9ZLPK7YLLMQ4","questionText":"One similarity between the Korean War and the Vietnam War is that both wars were","correctAnswerText":"fought as a result of differing political ideologies during the Cold War","incorrectText1":"resolved through the diplomatic efforts of the United Nations","incorrectText2":"fought without foreign influence or assistance","incorrectText3":"caused by religious conflicts"}, {"itemType":"6UYVE3A45Q6RRN4","questionText":"During the 20th century, global attention was drawn to the Armenians of the Ottoman Empire, the Tutsis of Rwanda, and the Muslims of Kosovo because these groups were all victims of","correctAnswerText":"human rights violations","incorrectText1":"nuclear power accidents","incorrectText2":"environmental disasters","incorrectText3":"the AIDS epidemic"}, {"itemType":"C3TYKIGPOUSVFEC","questionText":". . . Finally, gather together all that we have said, so great and so august [important], about royal authority. You have seen a great nation united under one man: you have seen his sacred power, paternal and absolute: you have seen that secret reason which directs the body politic, enclosed in one head: you have seen the image of God in kings, and you will have the idea of majesty of kingship. God is holiness itself, goodness itself, power itself, reason itself. In these things consists the divine majesty. In their reflection consists the majesty of the prince. . . . � Jacques-Benigne Bossuet. Which philosophy of government is expressed by This quotation?","correctAnswerText":"divine right","incorrectText1":"oligarchy","incorrectText2":"democracy","incorrectText3":"fascism"}, {"itemType":"8ZQHNREDNX1OTIS","questionText":"Locke�s Two Treatises of Government, Rousseau�s The Social Contract, and Montesquieu�s The Spirit of the Laws were works written during which time period?","correctAnswerText":"Enlightenment","incorrectText1":"Middle Ages","incorrectText2":"Renaissance","incorrectText3":"Reformation"}, {"itemType":"IZVPFQ9T7G6A0FZ","questionText":"The Pillars of Emperor Asoka of the Mauryan Empire and the Code of Hammurabi of Babylon are most similar to the","correctAnswerText":"Twelve Tables of the Romans","incorrectText1":"ziggurats of Sumeria","incorrectText2":"map projections of Mercator","incorrectText3":"Great Sphinx of the Egyptians"}, {"itemType":"9N0U3NQGNL2GKMF","questionText":"Which statement most likely represents the view of a citizen of ancient Athens visiting Sparta?","correctAnswerText":"�The government and society in Sparta are so strict. The people have little voice in government.�","incorrectText1":"�I feel as though I have never left home. Everything here is the same as it is in Athens.�","incorrectText2":"�This society allows for more freedom of expression than I have ever experienced in Athens.�","incorrectText3":"�I have never heard of a society like Sparta that believes in only one God.�"}, {"itemType":"HARJ6XE78XNCXSA","questionText":"Speaker A: Although I spread serfdom in my country, I tried to modernize our society by incorporating western technology. Speaker B: I promoted culture with my support of the arts. Unfortunately, I drained my country�s treasury by building my palace at Versailles and involving my country in costly wars. Speaker C: I gained much wealth from my overseas empire in the Americas. I waged war against the Protestants and lost. Speaker D: I inherited the throne and imprisoned my foes without a trial. I dissolved Parliament because I did not want to consult with them when I increased taxes..   Which type of government is most closely associated with all these speakers?","correctAnswerText":"absolute monarchylimited monarchy","incorrectText1":"direct democracy","incorrectText2":"constitutional democracy","incorrectText3":""}, {"itemType":"8GSMJZARZOFNZ3A","questionText":". . . The Laws ought to be so framed, as to secure the Safety of every Citizen as much as possible. . . . The Equality of the Citizens consists in this; that they should all be subject to the same Laws. . . . � Documents of Catherine the Great, W. F. Reddaway, ed., Cambridge University Press (adapted). these ideas of Catherine the Great of Russia originated during the","correctAnswerText":"Age of Enlightenment","incorrectText1":"Age of Exploration","incorrectText2":"Protestant Reformation","incorrectText3":"French Revolution"}, {"itemType":"6RC5YZ1KHUU0465","questionText":"Totalitarian countries are characterized by","correctAnswerText":"government control of newspapers, radio, and television","incorrectText1":"free and open discussions of ideas","incorrectText2":"a multiparty system with several candidates for each office","incorrectText3":"government protection of people�s civil liberties"}, {"itemType":"BWJHXQ9ZLJ18XOM","questionText":"� Roman women could own property. � Roman women could make wills leaving their property to whomever they chose. A valid conclusion drawn from these facts is that Roman women","correctAnswerText":"enjoyed some legal rights","incorrectText1":"had the right to vote","incorrectText2":"were equal to men","incorrectText3":"could hold political offices"}, {"itemType":"HSF4BRDGX2SXB69","questionText":"Many European monarchs of the 1600s maintained that they should have absolute power to rule because they","correctAnswerText":"had been given their power to govern from God","incorrectText1":"needed to defend their nations against threats the Western Hemisphere","incorrectText2":"thought that all people should have the right to a good ruler","incorrectText3":"thought that communism was the superior political system"}, {"itemType":"9TINW08CRITM2N9","questionText":"Which idea became a central belief of the Enlightenment?","correctAnswerText":"The use of reason would lead to human progress.","incorrectText1":"Mathematics could be used to solve all human problems.","incorrectText2":"The ancient Romans had the best form of government.","incorrectText3":"People should give up their natural rights to their rulers."}, {"itemType":"IR07J676OISB4HU","questionText":"�. . . The key-stone of the Fascist doctrine is its conception of the State, of its essence, its functions, and its aims. For Fascism the State is absolute, individuals and groups relative. Individuals and groups are admissable in so far as they come within the State. Instead of directing the game and guiding the material and moral progress of the community, the liberal State restricts its activities to recording results. The Fascist State is wide awake and has a will of its own. For this reason it can be described as �ethical�. . . .� � Benito Mussolini, Fascism: Doctrine and Institutions, Howard Fertig, 1932.  Which statement expresses the main idea of the passage?","correctAnswerText":"The state is more important than the individuals within it.","incorrectText1":"The people have a right to overthrow ineffective governments.","incorrectText2":"The state gets its authority from the power of individuals.","incorrectText3":"The establishment of an empire will cause division and chaos."}, {"itemType":"DVK5QLN0B25CP5N","questionText":"�. . . Let the king and his ministers labor with a mutual sympathy, saying, �We have received the decree of Heaven and it shall be great as the longcontinued years of Hsia; yea, it shall not fail of the long-continued years of Yin.� I wish the king, through the attachment of the lower people, to receive the long-abiding decree of Heaven. . . .� � Clae Waltham, ed., Shu Ching, Book of History, Henry Regnery Company. Which concept is being referred to in this passage?","correctAnswerText":"dynastic cycle","incorrectText1":"natural rights","incorrectText2":"matriarchal society","incorrectText3":"monotheism"}, {"itemType":"V8FSDAJ1MZ7UWYY","questionText":"What is meant by Machiavelli�s belief that �the end justifies the means�?","correctAnswerText":"Leaders may use any method to achieve what is best for the state.","incorrectText1":"The general public always acts in its own best interest.","incorrectText2":"Pleasing all of the people at any given time is possible.","incorrectText3":"Leaders must always act for the common good."}, {"itemType":"KZCYRJBVQ8Z636I","questionText":"The Magna Carta can be described as a","correctAnswerText":"list of feudal rights that limited the power of the English monarchy","incorrectText1":"journal about English feudal society","incorrectText2":"census of all tax-paying nobility in feudal England","incorrectText3":"statement of grievances of the middle class in England"}, {"itemType":"3S3OX0N305A2N1R","questionText":"The movement started by journalist Theodor Herzl to promote an independent Jewish state in Palestine is referred to as","correctAnswerText":"Zionism","incorrectText1":"the Reconquista","incorrectText2":"Utopianism","incorrectText3":"the Diaspora"}, {"itemType":"OVVV5FJUTV71M45","questionText":"In the 1920s and 1930s, Mustafa Kemal Atat�rk changed the Turkish government by","correctAnswerText":"introducing democratic reforms","incorrectText1":"increasing the power of the sultan","incorrectText2":"supporting absolutism","incorrectText3":"incorporating religious teachings into civil law"}, {"itemType":"YQ3MGM83UF9N0CP","questionText":"One way in which Iran�s Ayatollah Khomeini and Afghanistan�s Taliban were similar is that they each","correctAnswerText":"established an Islamic state","incorrectText1":"sponsored a United Nations Conference on Women�s Rights","incorrectText2":"joined the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)","incorrectText3":"incorporated communist doctrine into their government"}, {"itemType":"9ATK959C2RJDRXK","questionText":"One way in which the Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the Glorious Revolution are similar is that each","correctAnswerText":"limited the power of the English monarchy","incorrectText1":"strengthened the power of the pope","incorrectText2":"led to the exploration of Africa","incorrectText3":"settled religious conflicts"}, {"itemType":"I515USMBMX2R1D3","questionText":"The Enlightenment and the American Revolution were both major influences on 19th-century uprisings in","correctAnswerText":"Latin America","incorrectText1":"Vietnam","incorrectText2":"the Middle East","incorrectText3":"Japan"}, {"itemType":"9HKZ6LONOS9QSGI","questionText":"Which leader based his rule on the ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels?","correctAnswerText":"Vladimir Lenin","incorrectText1":"Neville Chamberlain","incorrectText2":"Adolf Hitler","incorrectText3":"Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek)"}, {"itemType":"EPCP98OYHVDOU4A","questionText":"Which United States foreign policy was used to maintain the independence of Greece and Turkey after World War II?","correctAnswerText":"containment","incorrectText1":"nonalignment","incorrectText2":"neutrality","incorrectText3":"militarism"}, {"itemType":"KICKKXSXUCGKDYT","questionText":"� Scholars take civil service examinations for government positions. � Students form Red Guard units to challenge counterrevolutionaries. � Students demonstrate for democratic reforms in the capital and are killed by government troops. These statements describe the changing role of students in which nation?","correctAnswerText":"China","incorrectText1":"Japan","incorrectText2":"Russia","incorrectText3":"India"}, {"itemType":"HQSUDLM4W56G5G3","questionText":"In a comparison of the ancient cities of Athens and Sparta, Sparta placed more emphasis on","correctAnswerText":"military service","incorrectText1":"education","incorrectText2":"family order","incorrectText3":"human rights"}, {"itemType":"M6L7YCS6YVBNI48","questionText":"One way in which the Twelve Tables and Justinian�s Code were similar is that both provided","correctAnswerText":"a standardized system of laws","incorrectText1":"a means of achieving social equality","incorrectText2":"the freedom to pursue their own religion","incorrectText3":"the right to a public education"}, {"itemType":"TBIDXY8QT09WZDG","questionText":"�. . . Finally, let us put together the things so great and so august [exalted] which we have said about royal authority. Behold an immense people united in a single person; behold this holy power, paternal and absolute; behold the secret cause which governs the whole body of the state, contained in a single head: you see the image of God in the king, and you have the idea of royal majesty. God is holiness itself, goodness itself, and power itself. In these things lies the majesty of God. In the image of these things lies the majesty of the prince. . . .� � Bishop Jacques-Benigne Bossuet, 1679.    This passage suggests that the authority to rule in 17th-century France was based on","correctAnswerText":"divine right","incorrectText1":"popular sovereignty","incorrectText2":"parliamentary consent","incorrectText3":"feudal obligation"}, {"itemType":"QIZHP4WGI0XJUKD","questionText":"The writings of Jean Jacques Rousseau, Baron de Montesquieu, and John Locke were similar in that each supported the principles of","correctAnswerText":"a democratic republic","incorrectText1":"a military dictatorship","incorrectText2":"an autocracy","incorrectText3":"a theocratic society"}, {"itemType":"IWGHS3CWYYZ0LTU","questionText":"The early 20th-century Zionist movement calling for the establishment of a Jewish homeland was an example of","correctAnswerText":"nationalism ","incorrectText1":"imperialism","incorrectText2":" capitalism","incorrectText3":"isolationism"}, {"itemType":"9150158FNA5XOVV","questionText":"Which situation is an example of totalitarianismin Germany in the 1930s?","correctAnswerText":"strict government control of the press","incorrectText1":"frequent meetings of the German Reichstag","incorrectText2":"decline of the German economy","incorrectText3":"negotiation of a nonaggression pact with the Soviet Union"}, {"itemType":"OSCFXXBDWMMK6T0","questionText":"A totalitarian society is one in which","correctAnswerText":"the government controls most aspects of life","incorrectText1":"religious beliefs are supported by the government","incorrectText2":"the state is considered a servant of the citizens","incorrectText3":"citizens can publicly criticize the actions of the leaders"}, {"itemType":"UZ7OEGUBJ0RMT0U","questionText":"The Code of Hammurabi was a major contribution to the development of civilization because it","correctAnswerText":"recorded existing laws for all to see","incorrectText1":"treated citizens and slaves equally","incorrectText2":"ended all physical punishment","incorrectText3":"rejected the principle of filial piety"}, {"itemType":"VLB4PAH1I4AW2FP","questionText":"In his book The Prince, Niccol� Machiavelli advises that a wise ruler is one who","correctAnswerText":"does what is necessary to stay in power","incorrectText1":"keeps taxes and food prices low","incorrectText2":"encourages education and the arts","incorrectText3":"allows advisors to speak their minds"}, {"itemType":"8UKFL9QB8570RXP","questionText":"King Louis XIV of France, Peter the Great of Russia, and Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire were all considered absolute rulers because they","correctAnswerText":"determined government policies without the consent of their people","incorrectText1":"broke from the Roman Catholic Church","incorrectText2":"helped feudal lords build secure castles","incorrectText3":"instituted programs that provided more power to their parliaments"}, {"itemType":"FX96LMXJUNBPTWL","questionText":"�. . . Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Social distinctions may be founded only upon the general good. . . .� �Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, 1789. Which principle of the Enlightenment philosophers is expressed in this quotation from the French Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"natural law","incorrectText1":"free trade","incorrectText2":"nationalism","incorrectText3":"socialism"}, {"itemType":"4XAUH4L2HUWTTEW","questionText":"� The people of Kashmir demand separation from India. � The people of East Timor vote for independence from Indonesia. � The Tibetans resent control of their country by China. � The Kurds want to establish their own independent state of Kurdistan.. These statements are examples of the efforts of different peoples to achieve","correctAnswerText":"self-determination","incorrectText1":"free-market systems","incorrectText2":"democratic governments","incorrectText3":"social equality"}, {"itemType":"FTV4F5OFSF293XL","questionText":"The Twelve Tables, Justinian�s Code, and the English Bill of Rights are similar in that each addresses the issue of","correctAnswerText":"the individual and the state","incorrectText1":"social mobility","incorrectText2":"economic development","incorrectText3":"the importance of religion"}, {"itemType":"HI4X8VLDXB6CU97","questionText":"�. . . If from now on the King starts by rising early and going to bed late, and if the ministers take oaths among themselves to cut out the evils of parties and merriment, be diligent in cultivating frugality and virtue, do not allow private considerations from taking root in their minds, and do not use artifice as a method of operation in government affairs, then the officials and common people will all cleanse and purify their minds and be in great accord with his will. . . .� � Yi Hang-no, Korean Royal Adviser. Which Confucian principle is reflected in This statement?","correctAnswerText":"The ruler must set an example for the people.","incorrectText1":"Respect for elders is the foundation of civilization.","incorrectText2":"Virtue increases with education.","incorrectText3":"Compassion and sympathy for others is important."}, {"itemType":"38CTTRF38X7325C","questionText":"Which statement best describes a result of the Glorious Revolution in England (1688)?","correctAnswerText":"Principles of limited government were strengthened.","incorrectText1":"England formed an alliance with France.","incorrectText2":"The power of the monarchy was increased.","incorrectText3":"England lost its colonial possessions."}, {"itemType":"BKD7WTF6OP9FFA9","questionText":"The ideas of Rousseau, Voltaire, and Montesquieu most influenced","correctAnswerText":"movements for political reform","incorrectText1":"the growing power of priests in the Roman Catholic Church","incorrectText2":"improvements in the working conditions of factory workers","incorrectText3":"the rise of industrial capitalism"}, {"itemType":"9UYVCNJEO4SL600","questionText":"�. . . The replacement of the bourgeois by the proletarian state is impossible without a violent revolution. The abolition of the proletarian state, i.e., of all states, is only possible through�withering away.� . . .� � V. I. Lenin, State and Revolution, 1917. This quotation is associated with the principles of","correctAnswerText":"communism","incorrectText1":"imperialism","incorrectText2":"capitalism","incorrectText3":"militarism"}, {"itemType":"SCAXVOMC05HBPYZ","questionText":"In Europe during the 1920s and 1930s, severe inflation, high unemployment, and fear of communism all contributed to the","correctAnswerText":"rise of Fascist governments in Italy, Germany, and Spain","incorrectText1":"overthrow of monarchies in Italy and Germany","incorrectText2":"formation of the Common Market in Italy and Spain","incorrectText3":"growth of democratic institutions"}, {"itemType":"FPOUMXNF1ZI0BTP","questionText":"The Code of Hammurabi and the Twelve Tables were designed to","correctAnswerText":"create a stable society","incorrectText1":"promote peaceful relations with other cultures","incorrectText2":"provide a framework for the development of democracy","incorrectText3":"emphasize the importance of life after death"}, {"itemType":"YEYR4YVMFV3QDN3","questionText":"One way in which the code of chivalry in Europe and the code of Bushido in Japan were similar is that both codes were intended to","correctAnswerText":"guide the behavior of a warrior class","incorrectText1":"help the ruler control his people","incorrectText2":"benefit all the social classes","incorrectText3":"support revolutionary ideas"}, {"itemType":"MKTJVG7VYRYA0KI","questionText":"Which quotation was most likely made by an absolute monarch?","correctAnswerText":"�I am the state.�","incorrectText1":"�The government that governs best, governs least.�","incorrectText2":"�The government must be based on a sound constitution.�","incorrectText3":"�It is the parliament that must make the laws.�"}, {"itemType":"A9BBHEWS99VQPQG","questionText":"The Glorious Revolution in England resulted in the","correctAnswerText":"formation of a limited monarchy","incorrectText1":"strengthening of divine right rule","incorrectText2":"weakening of Parliament�s power of the purse","incorrectText3":"end of civil liberties guaranteed by the Petition of Right"}, {"itemType":"HWHPLOAQRN459YD","questionText":"�If man in the state of nature is free, if he is absolute lord of his own person and possessions, why will he give up his freedom? Why will he put himself under the control of any person or institution? The obvious answer is that rights in the state of nature are constantly exposed to the attack of others. Since every man is equal and since most men do not concern themselves with equity and justice, the enjoyment of rights in the state of nature is unsafe and insecure. Hence each man joins in society with others to preserve his life, liberty, and property.� � John Locke, Two Treatises of Government, 1690. This statement provides support for The","correctAnswerText":"formation of government based on a social contract","incorrectText1":"elimination of laissez-faire capitalism","incorrectText2":"continuation of absolute monarchy","incorrectText3":"rejection of the natural rights philosophy"}, {"itemType":"ILF0VRHP4QGC9EH","questionText":"Mikhail Gorbachev instituted the policies of glasnost and perestroika to","correctAnswerText":"reform the Soviet Union politically and economically","incorrectText1":"reinforce the basic economic principles of communism","incorrectText2":"bring the Soviet Union into the European Economic Community","incorrectText3":"gain acceptance for free political elections"}, {"itemType":"PJIPYO3KZ4S05F3","questionText":"Hammurabi�s Code, the Ten Commandments, and the Twelve Tables were all significant to their societies because they established","correctAnswerText":"rules of behavior","incorrectText1":"democratic governments","incorrectText2":"official religions","incorrectText3":"economic systems"}, {"itemType":"M32KSEKMXP9VM9H","questionText":"Speaker A: �The state of monarchy is supreme on earth: for kings are not only God�s lieutenants upon earth and sit upon God�s throne, but even by God himself they are called gods.� Speaker B: �If government fails to fulfill the end for which it was established�the preservation of the individual�s right to life, liberty, and property�the people have a right to dissolve the government.� Speaker C: �But what if the compact between the ruler and ruled is violated by the ruler? He thus becomes a tyrant, a criminal who forfeits his rights to the obedience of his subjects, who may now exercise their right to rebel and form a new compact.� Speaker D: �The ruling authority in the state, the sovereign, must have supreme power, or society will collapse and the anarchy of the state of nature will return.�. Which two speakers would support absolutism?","correctAnswerText":"A and D","incorrectText1":"C and D","incorrectText2":"B and C","incorrectText3":"A and B"}, {"itemType":"9NK0N52O2K7MILW","questionText":"�When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person, or in the same body of magistrates [government officials], there can be no liberty; because apprehensions [fears] may arise, lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws to execute them in a tyrannical manner. . . .� � Baron de Montesquieu, Spirit of the Laws. Which solution would Baron de Montesquieu offer to avoid The enactment of tyrannical laws?","correctAnswerText":"separating the branches of government","incorrectText1":"granting freedom of speech","incorrectText2":"reinstating absolute monarchies","incorrectText3":"limiting natural laws"}, {"itemType":"ACVORE5RIFGXI9T","questionText":"� Magna Carta signed by King John � Habeas Corpus Act passed during the rule of Charles II � Bill of Rights agreed to by William and Mary. These events in English history were similar in that they all","correctAnswerText":"limited the power of the monarch","incorrectText1":"promoted religious freedom","incorrectText2":"provided universal suffrage","incorrectText3":"supported divine right theory"}, {"itemType":"W6NLIA5FHR1X3LG","questionText":"Hammurabi�s code of laws and Qin dynasty legalism are similar in that both promoted the idea that","correctAnswerText":"harsh punishments for crimes will lead to a more orderly society","incorrectText1":"worship of leaders will maintain the power of an empire","incorrectText2":"an informed citizenry will help maintain peace and prosperity","incorrectText3":"equality of the people is the most important goal of government"}, {"itemType":"0XT50S4SR9Z4FFJ","questionText":"Feudalism influenced Europe and Japan by","correctAnswerText":"providing social stability","incorrectText1":"fostering the growth of religion","incorrectText2":"eliminating warfare","incorrectText3":"encouraging formal education"}, {"itemType":"LJHM6TGFO5XD87Z","questionText":"During the Age of Absolutism (1600s and 1700s), European monarchs tried to","correctAnswerText":"centralize political power within their nations","incorrectText1":"increase individual rights for their citizens","incorrectText2":"develop stronger relations with Islamic rulers","incorrectText3":"encourage the growth of collective farms"}, {"itemType":"6J6SIRWPNI6IONR","questionText":"�. . . Give Venezuela such an executive power in the person of a president chosen by the people or their representatives, and you will have taken a great step toward national happiness. No matter what citizen occupies this office, he will be aided by the Constitution, and therein being authorized to do good, he can do no harm, because his ministers will cooperate with him only insofar as he abides by the law. If he attempts to infringe upon the law, his own ministers will desert him, thereby isolating him from the Republic, and they will even bring charges against him in the Senate. The ministers, being responsible for any transgressions committed, will actually govern, since they must account for their actions. . . .� � Sim�n Bol�var, 1819. In This passage, which type of government is Sim�n Bol�var proposing for Venezuela?","correctAnswerText":"democracy","incorrectText1":"theocracy","incorrectText2":"monarchy","incorrectText3":"dictatorship"}, {"itemType":"JOJC5JND6O7R6NH","questionText":"Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and Communist Russia were similar in that each","correctAnswerText":"established totalitarian governments","incorrectText1":"protected individual rights","incorrectText2":"elected their leaders through popular vote","incorrectText3":"supported market-based economies"}, {"itemType":"TX38PQXUNZK77UN","questionText":"In the Soviet Union under Mikhail Gorbachev, the trend toward private ownership of businesses represented a move away from","correctAnswerText":"a command economy","incorrectText1":"a traditional economy","incorrectText2":"a free-market economy","incorrectText3":"laissez-faire economics"}, {"itemType":"IM5VMLZLKIFV5IW","questionText":"�Women of Kuwait Demand the Right to Vote� �Property Inheritance Still Limited for Women of Nepal� �Women in Jordan Form Alliance to Increase Political Representation�. Which conclusion is supported by these headlines?","correctAnswerText":"Equal rights for women continues to be a global concern.","incorrectText1":"Women are not active in political issues.","incorrectText2":"Women have achieved equality in the area of education.","incorrectText3":"Communist governments have insured equal rights for women."}, {"itemType":"B4MKSX5ZUSEKD68","questionText":"The five relationships taught by Confucius encouraged people to","correctAnswerText":"maintain social and political order","incorrectText1":"improve their position in life","incorrectText2":"respect and worship nature","incorrectText3":"serve the needs of religious leaders"}, {"itemType":"Q4FDVWM1W0MI8PV","questionText":"Niccol� Machiavelli in The Prince and Thomas Hobbes in Leviathan both advocated that a ruler should","correctAnswerText":"employ absolute power to maintain order in the areas under their rule","incorrectText1":"obtain power from a social contract with the governed","incorrectText2":"place the needs of subjects first","incorrectText3":"apply Christian teachings to all decisions"}, {"itemType":"0WK63DOOS2FXIQR","questionText":"One way in which the Twelve Tables of Rome, the Code of Hammurabi, and the Justinian Code were similar is that they established","correctAnswerText":"written legal systems","incorrectText1":"trade agreements with neighboring countries","incorrectText2":"tolerance for the different religions of their people","incorrectText3":"social class equality"}, {"itemType":"LRKUI1JF3RP1Z9Y","questionText":"The ideals developed in the Athens of Pericles and in Republican Rome influenced the development of","correctAnswerText":"a parliament in Britain","incorrectText1":"military juntas in Latin America","incorrectText2":"a communist government in China","incorrectText3":"a theocracy in Iran"}, {"itemType":"WA72MFJ0LXADZMV","questionText":"In the partial outline below, which heading belongs after Roman numeral I? I. ________________________________ A. Louis XIV B. Phillip II C. Henry VIII","correctAnswerText":"Divine Right Monarchs","incorrectText1":"Supporters of Democracy","incorrectText2":"Religious Reformers","incorrectText3":"Leaders of the Crusades"}, {"itemType":"F4PB21EHTG20GMV","questionText":"�Not by democracy or liberal standards will our goal be achieved but by blood and iron. Then we will be successful, no nation is born without the traumatic experience of war.� �Otto von Bismarck. This statement was used to justify a policy of","correctAnswerText":"militarism","incorrectText1":"ethnocentrism","incorrectText2":"containment","incorrectText3":"appeasement"}, {"itemType":"RQFKPE3OR6A25JD","questionText":"A lasting result of colonial rule in many Latin American nations has been the","correctAnswerText":"control of power by wealthy landowners","incorrectText1":"elimination of national debts","incorrectText2":"decrease in the power of the Catholic Church","incorrectText3":"creation of industrial economics"}, {"itemType":"I2XFC8BCOPJYXRQ","questionText":"Justinian Code, and the Napoleonic Code were similar is that they","correctAnswerText":"provided a written set of laws","incorrectText1":"emphasized social equality","incorrectText2":"established democratic governments","incorrectText3":"proposed economic goals"}, {"itemType":"6KQZN538LCU7K9W","questionText":"[When] the legislature shall . . . grasp [for] themselves, or put into the hands of any other, an absolute power over their lives, liberties, and estates of the people, . . . they forfeit the power the people had put into their hands for quite contrary ends, and it [passes] to the people, who have a right to resume their original liberty. . . . � John Locke, Two Treatises on Civil Government. Which idea is expressed in this passage?","correctAnswerText":"People have the right to rebel if their natural rights are denied.","incorrectText1":"The people should give up their liberty to create an orderly society.","incorrectText2":"Governments should be obeyed regardless of their actions.","incorrectText3":"Liberty can only be guaranteed in a direct democracy."}]},
{"navBarTitleText":"civics set 3"},
{"itemId":"A1B1915DC7E92EA955223EA", "itemType":"BT_screen_splash", "itemNickname":"splash", "startTransitionAfterSeconds":"1", "transitionDurationSeconds":"1", "transitionType":"curl", "backgroundColor":"#000000", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/splashscreen3.png", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/splashscreen3.png", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Spread of Civilization in East and Southeast Asia (2)","itemId":"5DC8D41C8DECDDDF84FB0C7","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Spread of Civilization in East and Southeast Asia "},
{"navBarTitleText":"Spread of Civilization in East Asia","localFileName":"spreadofcivieast.html","itemId":"02E95BE562184058D631B89","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Spread of Civilization in East Asia"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Kingdoms and Trading States of Africa","localFileName":"kingdomstradespres.html","itemId":"8B6DA105EDB029887141B7C","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Kingdoms and Trading States of Africa"},
{"itemId":"C58E7CF15F7E6F3A00C2E9E", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Themes of World History FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/Themesofworldhistory.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Themes of World History FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"3EF66BCB26578296128AA2B", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"World Religions", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/worldreligions.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"World Religions", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"A85B1ED13C5AA345FEE131F", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Decline of Feudalism FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/Declineoffeudalism.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Decline of Feudalism FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"97C782F7EA82E928CB3C6AC", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"The Byzantine Empire FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/Thebyzantineempire.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"The Byzantine Empire FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"46D53B94239429965712056", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Political Development of Imperial China FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/Politicaldevelopmentofimperialchina.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Political Development of Imperial China FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"652EF5F392CBC5F3F28572D", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Ghana A West African Trading Empire FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/Ghanawestafricantradingempire.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Ghana A West African Trading Empire FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"E923D5A7E7AE9918D3D7112", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/Mayasaztecsandincas.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"C257CEC0DDA23B597E7CB0E", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"The First Global Age FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/Thefirstglobalage.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"The First Global Age FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"99A212997B6FEC4945485FB", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Transformations in Europe FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/Transformationsineurope.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Transformations in Europe FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"3D50178A1E1A86EDBABB02D", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Age of Global Revolutions FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/Ageofglobalrevolutions.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Age of Global Revolutions FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"3E093E3393BA99DB1CBAD8D", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Political Revolutions FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/Politicalrevolutions.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Political Revolutions FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"047454A2B781EC485D2647C", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Industrial Revolution FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Industrialrevolution.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Industrial Revolution FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"5481794BD5F2614AC3FF5ED", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Imperialism throughout the World FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Imperialismthroughouttheworld.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Imperialism throughout the World FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Early Civilization Quiz","backgroundColor":"#000000","quizFontColorQuestions":"#FFFFFF","quizSoundEffectFileNameCorrect":"right.mp3","itemId":"B873D680515627398D97A9B","itemType":"BT_screen_quiz","itemNickname":"Early Civilization Quiz",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"505E0D5ED365817E688F941", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"In the Middle East during neolithic times, the development of farming brought about", "correctAnswerText":"the establishment of permanent settlements", "incorrectText1":"a return to a nomadic lifestyle", "incorrectText2":"the rise of hunting as an important occupation", "incorrectText3":"increased dependence on the exportation of oil"},
{"itemId":"0590E96F489D8A3AEB2D497", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"One result of the Neolithic Revolution was", "correctAnswerText":"the establishment of villages and the rise of governments", "incorrectText1":"an increase in the number of nomadic tribes", "incorrectText2":"a reliance on hunting and gathering for food", "incorrectText3":"a decrease in trade between cultural groups"},
{"itemId":"3CDAAE2BFA5586F02728DAD", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Neolithic Revolution was characterized by the", "correctAnswerText":"change from nomadic herding to settled farming", "incorrectText1":"growth of iron toolmaking technology", "incorrectText2":"migration of early peoples to the Americas", "incorrectText3":"decline of large empires"},
{"itemId":"E6F6B8A10BFEC57CF5FE223", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"What was an important result of the Neolithic Revolution?", "correctAnswerText":"Food supplies became more reliable.", "incorrectText1":"New sources of energy became available.", "incorrectText2":"People became more nomadic.", "incorrectText3":"Populations declined."},
{"itemId":"704979472665B6DE8C45474", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During which period did the domestication of animals and growing of crops", "correctAnswerText":"Neolithic Revolution", "incorrectText1":"Iron Age", "incorrectText2":"Old Stone Age", "incorrectText3":"Scienti"},
{"itemId":"4990DEB5F540A888FF6D41C", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Neolithic Revolution is considered a turning point in history because it", "correctAnswerText":"included the domestication of plants and animals", "incorrectText1":"encouraged a nomadic lifestyle", "incorrectText2":"in uenced climatic changes", "incorrectText3":"caused a decline in population"},
{"itemId":"EF372BE593732B45B91C3B5", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The code of Hammurabi is an example of", "correctAnswerText":"written rules for legal procedures", "incorrectText1":"the power of strong kings to control trade", "incorrectText2":"regulations on the way to conduct wars against neighboring nations", "incorrectText3":"the power of a legislature to veto laws passed by absolute monarchs"},
{"itemId":"0E003EE0E81B8FFA81864B2", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Code of Hammurabi was a major contribution to the development of civilization because it", "correctAnswerText":"recorded existing laws for all to see", "incorrectText1":"rejected the principle of", "incorrectText2":"ended all physical punishment", "incorrectText3":"treated citizens and slaves equally"},
{"itemId":"0D3A59A68E617372B6ED76D", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A major result of the development of civilization in ancient Egypt was the", "correctAnswerText":"establishment of trade routes between Egypt and other kingdoms", "incorrectText1":"conquest and settlement of Western Europe by the Egyptian Empire", "incorrectText2":"establishment of a democratic system of government in Egypt", "incorrectText3":"decline of agriculture as an important occupation in Egypt"},
{"itemId":"6693C9AFA165C78E67548D3", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"An immediate result of the fall of the Roman Empire was", "correctAnswerText":"a period of disorder and weak central government", "incorrectText1":"a renewed interest in education and the arts", "incorrectText2":"an increase in trade and manufacturing", "incorrectText3":"the growth of cities and dominance by the middle class"}]},
{
"itemId": "7578F3955A0BC85C0C54685",
"itemType": "BT_screen_menuListSimple",
"itemNickname": "Flash Cards by Topic",
"navBarTitleText": "Flash Cards by Topic",
"listStyle": "round",
"listBackgroundColor": "clear",
"listRowBackgroundColor": "#336633",
"listTitleFontColor": "#FFFFFF",
"listDescriptionFontColor": "#FFFFFF",
"listTitleFontSizeSmallDevice": "14",
"listDescriptionFontSizeSmallDevice": "14",
"backgroundImageURLSmallDevice": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/wall6.jpg",
"backgroundImageURLLargeDevice": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/wall6.jpg",
"backgroundImageScale": "fullScreen",
"hideFromSearch": "0",
"includeAds": "0",
"childItems": [
{
"itemId": "E9CF414C4F676253251831B",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "C58E7CF15F7E6F3A00C2E9E",
"titleText": "Themes of World History FC"
},
{
"itemId": "CD04461429314856450562B",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "3EF66BCB26578296128AA2B",
"titleText": "World Religions"
},
{
"itemId": "43D9A910501B3B3E6D1E091",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "A85B1ED13C5AA345FEE131F",
"titleText": "Decline of Feudalism FC"
},
{
"itemId": "8422DC59B23389B18605E95",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "97C782F7EA82E928CB3C6AC",
"titleText": "The Byzantine Empire FC"
},
{
"itemId": "18BB3AEE53BC2C690C5A719",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "46D53B94239429965712056",
"titleText": "Political Development of Imperial China FC"
},
{
"itemId": "02B9B75A40971CF33581CB7",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "652EF5F392CBC5F3F28572D",
"titleText": "Ghana A West African Trading Empire FC"
},
{
"itemId": "AE84B51F6D823FF14BF8F15",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "E923D5A7E7AE9918D3D7112",
"titleText": "Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas FC"
},
{
"itemId": "F85052006CBB87921A3B459",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "C257CEC0DDA23B597E7CB0E",
"titleText": "The First Global Age FC"
},
{
"itemId": "14F83E7C6943D1ED491BCD3",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "99A212997B6FEC4945485FB",
"titleText": "Transformations in Europe FC"
},
{
"itemId": "DA8D830CA8BE7424838D859",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "3D50178A1E1A86EDBABB02D",
"titleText": "Age of Global Revolutions FC"
},
{
"itemId": "F83331B1F6CC151CC226CDC",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "3E093E3393BA99DB1CBAD8D",
"titleText": "Political Revolutions FC"
},
{
"itemId": "52D8ED6CEFC9C2E405D0230",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "047454A2B781EC485D2647C",
"titleText": "Industrial Revolution FC"
},
{
"itemId": "F10F9727D4C082B28089B65",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "5481794BD5F2614AC3FF5ED",
"titleText": "Imperialism throughout the World FC"
},
{
"itemId": "1D8B706270ACBEE2620E87A",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "9D71AFCF1B3522F26A10AC0",
"titleText": "World War I FC"
},
{
"itemId": "64C3C6A3E8198E473D96DD4",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "BC1938C16A2ED0A17D0E309",
"titleText": "Russian Revolution FC"
},
{
"itemId": "6F4A658C337347C987A9B20",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "E42023F456DDBC44AA18227",
"titleText": "Revolutions in the Americas FC"
},
{
"itemId": "242A30A8A4EA0E4A0537F84",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "5231F9358C2F19857289D92",
"titleText": "North Africa and the Middle East FC"
},
{
"itemId": "843D9DBB15212CC0E20EED3",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "3CF7ECFE9BBDA98F6164726",
"titleText": "Fascism Totalitarianism FC"
},
{
"itemId": "D552E2E4A1EFE128817EF55",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "54CC92105D2DC1DA368DC68",
"titleText": "World War II FC"
},
{
"itemId": "F39B7B53624EA451E77E881",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "AD8BA534923701750011C49",
"titleText": "Revolution in Asia FC"
},
{
"itemId": "8C641AD8824A07F927059C9",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "46F2C8ECCF23622FA6E1302",
"titleText": "The Cold War and Beyond FC"
},
{
"itemId": "744A8282801813076CA8F00",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "360A437E2340ADF18D4DABE",
"titleText": "Contemporary Global Issues FC"
}
]
},
{
"itemId": "093EC62F8EE8C5E590A85C1",
"itemType": "BT_screen_menuListSimple",
"itemNickname": "Presentations",
"navBarTitleText": "Presentations",
"listStyle": "round",
"listBackgroundColor": "clear",
"listRowBackgroundColor": "#336633",
"listTitleFontColor": "#FFFFFF",
"listDescriptionFontColor": "#FFFFFF",
"listTitleFontSizeSmallDevice": "14",
"listDescriptionFontSizeSmallDevice": "14",
"backgroundImageURLSmallDevice": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/wall3.jpg",
"backgroundImageURLLargeDevice": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/wall3.jpg",
"backgroundImageScale": "fullScreen",
"hideFromSearch": "0",
"includeAds": "0",
"childItems": [
{
"itemId": "F1774C4CBA832CA9340E5FE",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "52A0066CA3CEF00F417D6F2",
"titleText": "Foundations of Civilizations"
},
{
"itemId": "9D6B35663C397B96E0728C9",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "52BA985B7CE22FC28A8A6F1",
"titleText": "Ancient Middle East and Egypt"
},
{
"itemId": "A3AF143A6F23E551620B3A0",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "130E2BD0AA75EE1E2831930",
"titleText": "Ancient India and China"
},
{
"itemId": "9502B5B7899B9EB0727FFD0",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "48601540568FCF076BF2F6E",
"titleText": "The Rise of Ancient Greece"
},
{
"itemId": "28310939BE0A6AF2445308A",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "806EC857115984F0608F07E",
"titleText": "Ancient Rome and the Rise of Christianity"
},
{
"itemId": "8C81B52B2AC59038221BC8B",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "30AB2C7C0F6F0B2B28C236F",
"titleText": "Civilizations of the Americas"
},
{
"itemId": "61EB0BF14EEBD8471FF1170",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "A48067B23F3007E3F2EE360",
"titleText": "The Rise of Europe"
},
{
"itemId": "45FDBA5690629107BB07965",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "52133AC9BBC3379C4F371F1",
"titleText": "The High Middle Ages"
},
{
"itemId": "2D45A8D4AFD8975CE79D30A",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "13AE0211CFD8F658F00AD68",
"titleText": "Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium and Orthodox Europe"
},
{
"itemId": "86A8A781A36C89B000FC1B8",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "88FDAFD846236C091ED0091",
"titleText": "Kingdoms and Trading States of Africa"
},
{
"itemId": "9929623B100F59341BF878C",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "25609ACA7232BEC890E3E11",
"titleText": "Spread of Civilization in East and Southeast Asia"
},
{
"itemId": "457FBC2DB94CA7250F1721A",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "A3D64014538ABD04724F190",
"titleText": "The Beginnings of Our Global Age Europe Africa and Asia"
},
{
"itemId": "C907189E544B3EEE77C84CA",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "57376CA56112AB61B5B2851",
"titleText": "First Global Age - Europe, the Americas, & Africa"
},
{
"itemId": "1B158BEF142FA7D1BFF1278",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "B1CF5831C33305094978E7F",
"titleText": "Age of Absolutism"
},
{
"itemId": "A80BBD58D2C4082F45FC536",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "E4D28E99006B889EEC02465",
"titleText": "Enlightenment & the American Revolution"
},
{
"itemId": "DC4EB309E753457D7D60DCC",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "46C210AA8EA1F21C56F8601",
"titleText": "The French Revolution"
},
{
"itemId": "19B0812921CC6748319AB37",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "48915D295216AF2C5DB2EA8",
"titleText": "Revolutions in Europe & Latin America"
},
{
"itemId": "2E340FBDB79112AAA1CAC4C",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "811301189072380DC28105A",
"titleText": "Life in the Industrial Age"
},
{
"itemId": "9D7ABE8910A0C919CD3BF7B",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "B673846288A40191649F39E",
"titleText": "Nationalism Triumphs in Europe"
},
{
"itemId": "EA10CD4F81EA55146524355",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "A6D4025EF7345AF98C54350",
"titleText": "Growth of Western Democracies"
},
{
"itemId": "C68C03CB15DD162DE7B8201",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "8F2DD1834B708C305384FBE",
"titleText": "The New Imperialism"
},
{
"itemId": "DA30AC15B0C744649C95EDB",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "5456973DD0D750930ECFD99",
"titleText": "Changing Global Patterns"
},
{
"itemId": "DB41E95D2330B3AEB8C3D39",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "91B52A06A33BDBDAD5FFE5D",
"titleText": "World War I, Russian Revolution, and Communism"
},
{
"itemId": "045D015EAD863E9D6808BD0",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "1895BC419738C70CCEAF7F5",
"titleText": "Nationalism and Revolution Around the World"
},
{
"itemId": "EDF0BEE9130976787BF470B",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "B9F2FCA65C85F50DAE61C7E",
"titleText": "The Rise of Totalitarianism"
},
{
"itemId": "43460B220EC633C97A92A29",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "D403C1ED3B23A2B52C28C0F",
"titleText": "World War II and aftermath"
},
{
"itemId": "973AD2E511DBE55370D2598",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "8B002F6C917483F13ACF41B",
"titleText": "The Cold War"
}
]
},
{
"itemId": "52A0066CA3CEF00F417D6F2",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Foundations of Civilizations",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Foundationsofivilizations.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Foundations of Civilizations",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "52BA985B7CE22FC28A8A6F1",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Ancient Middle East and Egypt",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Ancientmiddleeastandegypt.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Ancient Middle East and Egypt",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "130E2BD0AA75EE1E2831930",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Ancient India and China",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Ancientindiaandchina.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Ancient India and China",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "806EC857115984F0608F07E",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Ancient Rome and the Rise of Christianity",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Ancientromeandtheriseofchristianity.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Ancient Rome and the Rise of Christianity",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "30AB2C7C0F6F0B2B28C236F",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Civilizations of the Americas",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Civilizationsoftheamericas.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Civilizations of the Americas",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "52133AC9BBC3379C4F371F1",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "The High Middle Ages",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Thehighmiddleages.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "The High Middle Ages",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "13AE0211CFD8F658F00AD68",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium and Ortho",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Civilizationineasterneuropebyzantiumandorthodoxeurope.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium and Orthodox Europe",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "E4D28E99006B889EEC02465",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Enlightenment & the American Revolution",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Enlightenmenttheamericanrevolution.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Enlightenment & the American Revolution",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "88FDAFD846236C091ED0091",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Kingdoms and Trading States of Africa",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Kingdomsandtradingstatesofafrica.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Kingdoms and Trading States of Africa",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "25609ACA7232BEC890E3E11",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Spread of Civilization in East and Southeast Asia",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Spreadofcivilizationineastandsoutheastasia.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Spread of Civilization in East and Southeast Asia",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "A3D64014538ABD04724F190",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "The Beginnings of Our Global Age Europe Africa and",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Thebeginningsofourgobalageeuropeafricaandasia.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "The Beginnings of Our Global Age Europe Africa and Asia",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "57376CA56112AB61B5B2851",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "First Global Age - Europe, the Americas, & Africa",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Firstglobalageeuropetheamericasafrica.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "First Global Age - Europe, the Americas, & Africa",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "B1CF5831C33305094978E7F",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Age of Absolutism",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Ageofabsolutism.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Age of Absolutism",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "46C210AA8EA1F21C56F8601",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "The French Revolution",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Thefrenchrevolution.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "The French Revolution",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "811301189072380DC28105A",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Life in the Industrial Age",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Lifeintheindustrialage.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Life in the Industrial Age",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "B673846288A40191649F39E",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Nationalism Triumphs in Europe",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Nationalismtriumphsineurope.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Nationalism Triumphs in Europe",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "A6D4025EF7345AF98C54350",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Growth of Western Democracies",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Growthofwesterndemocracies.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Growth of Western Democracies",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "8F2DD1834B708C305384FBE",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "The New Imperialism",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Thenewimperialism.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "The New Imperialism",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "5456973DD0D750930ECFD99",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Changing Global Patterns",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Changingglobalpatterns.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Changing Global Patterns",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "91B52A06A33BDBDAD5FFE5D",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "World War I, Russian Revolution, and Communism",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Worldarrussiarevolutionandommunism.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "World War I, Russian Revolution, and Communism",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "1895BC419738C70CCEAF7F5",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "Nationalism and Revolution Around the World",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Nationalismandrevolutionaroundtheworld.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "Nationalism and Revolution Around the World",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "B9F2FCA65C85F50DAE61C7E",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "The Rise of Totalitarianism",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Theriseoftotalitarianism.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "The Rise of Totalitarianism",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "D403C1ED3B23A2B52C28C0F",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "World War II and aftermath",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Worldwarandaftermath.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "World War II and aftermath",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "8B002F6C917483F13ACF41B",
"itemType": "BT_screen_pdfDoc",
"itemNickname": "The Cold War",
"dataURL": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Thecoldwar.pdf",
"navBarTitleText": "The Cold War",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},{"itemId":"48601540568FCF076BF2F6E", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"The Rise of Ancient Greece", "navBarTitleText":"The Rise of Ancient Greece", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Theriseofancientgreece.pdf", "forceRefresh":"1"},{"itemId":"A48067B23F3007E3F2EE360", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"The Rise of Europe", "navBarTitleText":"The Rise of Europe", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Theriseofeurope.pdf", "forceRefresh":"1"},{"itemId":"48915D295216AF2C5DB2EA8", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Revolutions in Europe & Latin America", "navBarTitleText":"Revolutions in Europe & Latin America", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Revolutionsineuropelatinamerica.pdf", "forceRefresh":"1"},{"itemId":"46F2C8ECCF23622FA6E1302", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"The Cold War and Beyond FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Thecoldwarandbeyond.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"The Cold War and Beyond FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"9D71AFCF1B3522F26A10AC0", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"World War I FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Worldwari.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"World War I FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"BC1938C16A2ED0A17D0E309", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Russian Revolution FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Russianrevolution.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Russian Revolution FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"E42023F456DDBC44AA18227", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Revolutions in the Americas FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Revolutionsintheamericas.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Revolutions in the Americas FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"5231F9358C2F19857289D92", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"North Africa and the Middle East FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/Northafricaandthemiddleeast.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"North Africa and the Middle East FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"3CF7ECFE9BBDA98F6164726", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Fascism Totalitarianism FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/fascismtotalariasm.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Fascism Totalitarianism FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"54CC92105D2DC1DA368DC68", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"World War II FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Worldwarii.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"World War II FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"AD8BA534923701750011C49", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Revolution in Asia FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Revolutioninasia.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Revolution in Asia FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"360A437E2340ADF18D4DABE", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Contemporary Global Issues FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Contemporaryglobalissues.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Contemporary Global Issues FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"998F99D77F5D9ACE9F7EEE8", "itemType":"BT_screen_menuListSimple", "itemNickname":"World History Videos", "navBarTitleText":"World History Videos",    "listStyle": "round",
"listBackgroundColor": "clear",
"listRowBackgroundColor": "#336633",
"listTitleFontColor": "#FFFFFF",
"listDescriptionFontColor": "#FFFFFF",
"listTitleFontSizeSmallDevice": "14",
"listDescriptionFontSizeSmallDevice": "14",
"backgroundImageURLSmallDevice": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/wall6.jpg",
"backgroundImageURLLargeDevice": "https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/wall6.jpg",
"backgroundImageScale": "fullScreen",
"hideFromSearch": "0",
"includeAds": "0",
"childItems": [{"itemId":"8709B045BB4EBF47F6D4DC1", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"7828AF0D17E80DDE5AC9375","titleText":"Favorite videos by World History & Other Stuff"},
{"itemId":"1B816BF4A9373178CFBAC0C", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"27C4FE087CC56F4FC1EA9FE","titleText":"World History playlist"},
{"itemId":"69383B62CE016C85D1E36BB", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"D944110550E92AEBD3FF026","titleText":"World History playlist 2"},
{"itemId":"31B67241CFFA2B17C03DC4E", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"50970D6D707A0995B8D406B","titleText":"Crash Course World History"},
{"itemId":"C8C3A3106CF5C22BA6BF688", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"7D476E04703EA8BBC17EEF5","titleText":"World History by HipHughes History"}]},
{"itemId":"7828AF0D17E80DDE5AC9375", "itemType":"BT_screen_customURL", "itemNickname":"Favorite videos by World History & Other Stuff", "dataURL":"http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=FLghVD_Sonqd_awXtPZEFb2w", "navBarTitleText":"Favorite videos by World History & Other Stuff", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"7D476E04703EA8BBC17EEF5", "itemType":"BT_screen_customURL", "itemNickname":"World History by HipHughes History", "dataURL":"http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL63FCC94DD9F44C96", "navBarTitleText":"World History by HipHughes History", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"27C4FE087CC56F4FC1EA9FE", "itemType":"BT_screen_customURL", "itemNickname":"World History playlist", "dataURL":"http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=FLghVD_Sonqd_awXtPZEFb2w", "navBarTitleText":"World History playlist", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"D944110550E92AEBD3FF026", "itemType":"BT_screen_customURL", "itemNickname":"World History playlist 2", "dataURL":"http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=UUFWpOVvGzBN5e4gVqah9HpQ", "navBarTitleText":"World History playlist 2", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"50970D6D707A0995B8D406B", "itemType":"BT_screen_customURL", "itemNickname":"Crash Course World History", "dataURL":"http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLBDA2E52FB1EF80C9", "navBarTitleText":"Crash Course World History", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Current Affairs (1990-Present) Quiz","backgroundColor":"#000000","quizFontColorQuestions":"#FFFFFF","quizSoundEffectFileNameCorrect":"right.mp3","itemId":"108B391A1617504D06447C6","itemType":"BT_screen_quiz","itemNickname":"Current Affairs (1990-Present) Quiz",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"417067F5AF6EF07C32026B6", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"One reason North Korea has been the focus of worldwide attention in the mid-1990's is because of its", "correctAnswerText":"nuclear weapons development programs", "incorrectText1":"efforts to revive communism in Eastern Europe", "incorrectText2":"development of a strong and expanding economy", "incorrectText3":"commitment to increasing political freedoms"},
{"itemId":"CDA8A835E25C872FB247A91", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"In the spring of 1998, which two nations caused world concern with their underground testing of nuclear weapons?", "correctAnswerText":"India and Pakistan", "incorrectText1":"Mexico and Chile", "incorrectText2":"Germany and Cuba", "incorrectText3":"Japan and Egypt"},
{"itemId":"2C9E1142C53C426991879DA", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which concept is best illustrated by the formation of new nations from the areas of the former Soviet Union?", "correctAnswerText":"self-determination", "incorrectText1":"imperialism", "incorrectText2":"nonalignment", "incorrectText3":"utopianism"},
{"itemId":"CC56F67903EC3F268731FCD", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Recent events in the former nations of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia reflect a nationalist trend of", "correctAnswerText":"dividing nations along ethnic lines", "incorrectText1":"supporting the development of a command economy", "incorrectText2":"uniting nations with similar interests", "incorrectText3":"encouraging multiethnic cooperation"},
{"itemId":"5C76DF04EA71B16BEB88CE7", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"In the late 1990's, international demands to conduct trials for war crimes similar to those conducted at Nuremberg after World War II are responses to war crimes taking place in", "correctAnswerText":"Bosnia", "incorrectText1":"Poland", "incorrectText2":"the Czech Republic", "incorrectText3":"Russia"},
{"itemId":"5658F4C018965BDD626AAC3", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which statement most accurately describes a cause of the Arab-Israeli conflict?", "correctAnswerText":"Both sides have substantial claims to the disputed area.", "incorrectText1":"The United States and the Soviet Union have refused to become involved in the conflict.", "incorrectText2":"A full-scale war would probably solve the conflict.", "incorrectText3":"When people with different religious beliefs live in the same area, war is inevitable."},
{"itemId":"CAC9FCA3A085E1976BD3FB7", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which has been a major goal of both the Zionists and the Palestinian Arabs in the Middle East?", "correctAnswerText":"to have their own independent country", "incorrectText1":"to unite the Middle East under their religion", "incorrectText2":"to improve their relations with the Soviet Union", "incorrectText3":"to become leaders in the world economy"},
{"itemId":"8143FE6E19FD884C10211F5", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"An accurate description of life in Japan today is that the Japanese people have", "correctAnswerText":"blended traditional ways with Western ways to meet the needs of modern life", "incorrectText1":"achieved their goal of a classless society in which all people benefit from economic progress.", "incorrectText2":"isolated themselves from Western culture", "incorrectText3":"remained a largely rural, agricultural society"},
{"itemId":"AC89238C29346095149258C", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which is a major problem facing many developing nations today?", "correctAnswerText":"adjusting traditional patterns to modernization", "incorrectText1":"resolving con icts between church and state", "incorrectText2":"gaining political independence from colonial powers", "incorrectText3":"obtaining membership to the United Nations"},
{"itemId":"15C6FE2DFDEA28988A385DB", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990's, Russia has attempted to build an economic system based on", "correctAnswerText":"a free-market system", "incorrectText1":"the writings of Mao Zedong", "incorrectText2":"the ideas of Marx and Lenin", "incorrectText3":"a return to feudalism"},
{"itemId":"FBACAA99FAD2E7C4A9EFCE0", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A major environmental problem affecting Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa, and Southeast Asia has been", "correctAnswerText":"deforestation", "incorrectText1":"air pollution", "incorrectText2":"disposal of nuclear waste", "incorrectText3":"acid rain"},
{"itemId":"9C432CAC221857C0AB53E5F", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Acid rain damage, contamination from nuclear accidents, and deterioration of the Earth's ozone layer indicated a need for", "correctAnswerText":"international cooperation and communication", "incorrectText1":"nationalization of major industries", "incorrectText2":"high tariffs and a favorable balance of trade", "incorrectText3":"the elimination of fossil fuels"}]},
{"navBarTitleText":"Global Wars (1914-1945) Quiz","backgroundColor":"#000000","quizFontColorQuestions":"#FFFFFF","quizSoundEffectFileNameCorrect":"right.mp3","itemId":"5CF35295AF6810C1EF9423E","itemType":"BT_screen_quiz","itemNickname":"Global Wars (1914-1945) Quiz",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"CEA5C6776C6DEDC16189641", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A major cause of the Russian Revolution of 1917 was the", "correctAnswerText":"existence of sharp economic differences between social classes", "incorrectText1":"marriage of Czar Nicholas II to a German princess", "incorrectText2":"defeat of Germany in the Russian campaign", "incorrectText3":"appeal of Marxism to the Russian nobility"},
{"itemId":"C365A733A59834B767457AB", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A major cause of World War I was", "correctAnswerText":"the existence of opposing alliances", "incorrectText1":"a decline in the policy of imperialism", "incorrectText2":"an increase in acts of aggression by England", "incorrectText3":"the spread of communism throughout Europe"},
{"itemId":"952D97F7FB2BA312F675AB3", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which is a valid conclusion based on a study of the Holocaust?", "correctAnswerText":"Savage acts can be committed by an advanced society.", "incorrectText1":"People should not become involved in partisan politics.", "incorrectText2":"Military commanders cannot be held responsible for acts committed during wartime.", "incorrectText3":"World opinion is effective in stopping genocide"},
{"itemId":"53750ECDB1E37D9108E647E", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which was a characteristic of Germany under Adolf Hitler and the Soviet Union under Josef Stalin?", "correctAnswerText":"governmental control of the media", "incorrectText1":"the absence of a written constitution", "incorrectText2":"public ownership of business and industry", "incorrectText3":"an official foreign policy of isolationalism"},
{"itemId":"CE18F81AC3C550E98E76665", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which is one major reason the Holocaust is considered a unique event in modern European history?", "correctAnswerText":"The genocide was planned in great detail and required the cooperation of many people.", "incorrectText1":"Adolph Hitler concealed his anti-Jewish feelings until after he came to power.", "incorrectText2":"Civilians rarely were killed during air raids on Great Britain.", "incorrectText3":"Jews of Europe have seldom been victims of persecution"},
{"itemId":"480F9F01CD06B11B0A52FAA", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Holocaust is an example of", "correctAnswerText":"violations of human rights", "incorrectText1":"conflict between political parties", "incorrectText2":"limited technological development", "incorrectText3":"geography's influence on culture"},
{"itemId":"26489F0B7FF210636369291", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which was a major justification used by Japan for empire building in the 1930's and 1940's?", "correctAnswerText":"obtaining food and raw materials", "incorrectText1":"spreading the Buddhist religion", "incorrectText2":"promoting immigration of foreigners", "incorrectText3":"revenging attacks by aggressive neighbors"},
{"itemId":"7A598047F499164197C1D45", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During World War II, which event occurred last?", "correctAnswerText":"United States bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki", "incorrectText1":"Japanese invasion of Manchuria", "incorrectText2":"Russian defense of Stalingrad", "incorrectText3":"German invasion of Poland"},
{"itemId":"2BC6F3A5600D2AF2A5E6B5E", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"One reason the Japanese followed a policy of expansionism before World War II was to gain", "correctAnswerText":"additional natural resources", "incorrectText1":"control of the Suez Canal", "incorrectText2":"control of Tibet", "incorrectText3":"warm-water ports"},
{"itemId":"AA8819C7B6E2D8EA9DF7C5A", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which conflict is most closely associated with events in Nanjing, Dunkirk, and Hiroshima?", "correctAnswerText":"World War II", "incorrectText1":"Korean War", "incorrectText2":"Russian Revolution", "incorrectText3":"Cultural Revolution"},
{"itemId":"B2AAB9063AAE492BB155D21", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The principal defense used by most Nazis tried at Nuremberg after World War II was that they had been", "correctAnswerText":"following orders given by their superiors", "incorrectText1":"serving the good of humanity", "incorrectText2":"carrying out universal ethical principles", "incorrectText3":"re ecting the popular will of their society"},
{"itemId":"63FAA51A6CB3B010BD515E2", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which has been a characteristic of post-World War II Japan?", "correctAnswerText":"development of close economic ties with the United States", "incorrectText1":"return to an agrarian economy", "incorrectText2":"formation of a strong military alliance with China", "incorrectText3":"rise of a totalitarian government"},
{"itemId":"91AEC6ECC42F9CFBAF2D82E", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Adolf Hitler was aided in his rise to power by the", "correctAnswerText":"economic problems of post-World War I Germany", "incorrectText1":"imperialist policy of the Welmar Republic", "incorrectText2":"support of the Communist Party in Germany", "incorrectText3":"support of the French government"},
{"itemId":"044C214951535724EC8628E", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which situation best illustrates a policy of appeasement?", "correctAnswerText":"Parts of Czechoslovakia were given to Nazi Germany to avoid war.", "incorrectText1":"The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor.", "incorrectText2":"The United States blockaded Cuba to force the Soviet Union to remove its missiles.", "incorrectText3":"The United States sent troops to defend South Korea from invasion."},
{"itemId":"158D3DCF02B9A9CAE58EEB0", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which statement best describes relations among the major powers during the period between World War I and World War II?", "correctAnswerText":"National interests took priority over international interests.", "incorrectText1":"The League of Nations was given the power to establish a strong multinational military force.", "incorrectText2":"Major powers respected each other's territorial integrity.", "incorrectText3":"Major powers followed foreign policies of international cooperation in order to insure peace."},
{"itemId":"A6F6D22284500F7669FEB60", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"President Woodrow Wilson's ideals were best represented in the Treaty of Versailles in its provisions calling for the", "correctAnswerText":"establishment of a general association of the world's nation", "incorrectText1":"acceptance by Germany of full responsibility for World War I", "incorrectText2":"payment of reparations to the Allies by Germany", "incorrectText3":"division of German colonies among the Allies"}]},
{
"itemId": "673C253942FDF2CDB579C6F",
"itemType": "BT_screen_quiz",
"itemNickname": "Contemporary Nations & Cultures(W. EUROPE)",
"navBarTitleText": "Contemporary Nations & Cultures(W. EUROPE)",
"backgroundColor": "#000000",
"quizFontColorQuestions": "#FFFFFF",
"quizSoundEffectFileNameCorrect": "right.mp3",
"childItems": [
{
"itemId": "13D6D1D1C1254636DCC3DA9",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "What was one reason the Nazi programs and policies of the early 1930's appealed to many people in Germany?",
"correctAnswerText": "The people were frustrated with their current economic and political situation.",
"incorrectText1": "Germany had been denied membership in the United Nations",
"incorrectText2": "A coup d'etat had forced communism on the German people.",
"incorrectText3": "The German people feared that the French or the British would soon gain control of the Polish corridor."
},
{
"itemId": "FFE8E42FD591B0A5AFEA99F",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "Which practice was similar under the rule of the Bolsheviks in Russia and of the Nazi Party in Germany?",
"correctAnswerText": "limiting government opposition through intimidation and fear",
"incorrectText1": "establishing communism in their respective nations",
"incorrectText2": "permitting a series of multiparty elections",
"incorrectText3": "increasing the power of the middle class"
},
{
"itemId": "429A54A19BE830810B8E4DF",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "On similarity between Otto von Bismarck and Adolf Hitler was that each",
"correctAnswerText": "used warfare as an instrument of national policy",
"incorrectText1": "formed an alliance with Japan during a world war",
"incorrectText2": "followed a policy of nonalignment in foreign affairs",
"incorrectText3": "supported communist affairs"
},
{
"itemId": "49B7FA9A11DB9C3EC3474DA",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "The end of the Cold War is best symbolized by the",
"correctAnswerText": "destruction of the Berlin Wall and the reunification of Germany",
"incorrectText1": "establishment of the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan",
"incorrectText2": "formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the European Common Market",
"incorrectText3": "withdrawal of United Nations forces from Sonalia and from Kuwait"
},
{
"itemId": "F0D5E721A88D81AEFFA2839",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "Which policy shows that appeasement does not always prevent war?",
"correctAnswerText": "British policy toward Germany in Munich during the 1930's",
"incorrectText1": "French policy in Indochina in the 1950's",
"incorrectText2": "United States policy toward Cuba in the early 1960's",
"incorrectText3": "Iraqi policy toward Iran in the 1980's"
}
]
},
{"navBarTitleText":"Home","itemId":"7FB3CDAC8074A319448EB59","itemType":"BT_screen_menuListSimple","itemNickname":"Home Screen Menu",
"childItems":[]},
{
"itemId": "1DF7AA307F884333F1260F1",
"itemType": "BT_screen_menuListSimple",
"itemNickname": "World History News",
"navBarTitleText": "World History News",
"listStyle": "round",
"listBackgroundColor": "clear",
"listRowBackgroundColor": "#336633",
"listTitleFontColor": "#FFFFFF",
"listDescriptionFontColor": "#FFFFFF",
"listTitleFontSizeSmallDevice": "14",
"listDescriptionFontSizeSmallDevice": "14",

"hideFromSearch": "0",
"includeAds": "0",
"childItems": [
{
"itemId": "39F2ACE1D2457918E77D9E7",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "697D6BBE1BC3737484CC03B",
"titleText": "CNN World History News"
},
{
"itemId": "071AE700F33F77254351B64",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "42AAAEA0F80E505107F7A06",
"titleText": "History Today News"
},
{
"itemId": "E3820747393A34F5FF93EA3",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "DEADC4E9817DD54CF3EC2A4",
"titleText": "Discovery World History"
},
{
"itemId": "31B62FBE7C81A9593192CD7",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "35344755C7EC173FB36FBBD",
"titleText": "Independent World News"
}
]
},
{
"itemId": "42AAAEA0F80E505107F7A06",
"itemType": "BT_screen_customURL",
"itemNickname": "History Today News",
"dataURL": "http://www.historytoday.com/",
"navBarTitleText": "History Today News",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "697D6BBE1BC3737484CC03B",
"itemType": "BT_screen_customURL",
"itemNickname": "CNN World History News",
"dataURL": "http://topics.cnn.com/topics/world_history",
"navBarTitleText": "CNN World History News",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "DEADC4E9817DD54CF3EC2A4",
"itemType": "BT_screen_customURL",
"itemNickname": "Discovery World History",
"dataURL": "http://news.discovery.com/history/",
"navBarTitleText": "Discovery World History",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{
"itemId": "35344755C7EC173FB36FBBD",
"itemType": "BT_screen_customURL",
"itemNickname": "Independent World News",
"dataURL": "http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/world-history/",
"navBarTitleText": "Independent World News",
"forceRefresh": "1"
},
{"navBarTitleText":"Interactive Quizzes","navBarStyle":"transparent","listBackgroundColor":"clear","listRowSeparatorColor":"clear","listRowSelectionStyle":"none","listTitleFontColor":"#FFFFFF","listTitleFontColorSelected":"#CCCCCC","listDescriptionFontColor":"#FFFFFF","listDescriptionFontColorSelected":"#CCCCCC","circleRadiusPortrait":".7","circleRadiusLandscape":".6","circleTranslation":"-120","backgroundColor":"clear","backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/buddyappdevelopment.com\/docs\/global-history\/purple-stripes.png","backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/buddyappdevelopment.com\/docs\/global-history\/purple-stripes.png","backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen","includeAds":"0","itemId":"989CA14E3554BB0EB1E1515","itemType":"Circleview_list_menu","itemNickname":"Interactive Quizzes",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"B3E5AAE4A1CA968CA7DF372", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"B873D680515627398D97A9B","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Early Civilization Quiz"},
{"itemId":"2F10F53750F5F091EF6C938", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"26C1A52AE31F9D2626609D5", "titleText":"Revolution, Democracy and Imperialism (1600-1850) Quiz", "rowAccessoryType":"none"},
{"itemId":"FD8861634A41BFF1B2B808E", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"8BC65C8972AF7FF6F2D870A","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Renaissance 1400-1650"},
{"itemId":"0C10097C2B965B97BDA02C5", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"23ED0C16FD1BAF7DFA38A0E","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Modern States (1850-1914) Quiz"},
{"itemId":"5C50AA8F11EA209BEBC6611", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"16202B4CFDA2F64DB61EB5F","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Cold War Era (1946-1989) Quiz"},
{"itemId":"792EC39C6EA6EF7CFB5FF1C", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"108B391A1617504D06447C6","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Current Affairs (1990-Present) Quiz"},
{"itemId":"B793312AD6BB4DAD240E4AF", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"5CF35295AF6810C1EF9423E","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Global Wars (1914-1945) Quiz"},
{"itemId":"C25F5B1F74132F07FD300F6", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"673C253942FDF2CDB579C6F","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Nations & Cultures(W. EUROPE)"},
{"itemId":"52A5CB922034511CF029C6B", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"1602B8B209214DA4CCE60DD","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Nations and Cultures of Middle East"},
{"itemId":"6D605E5E89E9F3C08FFB3BD", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"D1FABC238CC978C351C4FAC","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Nations and Cultures of Latin America"},
{"itemId":"A7E5710D0D4A14AA4B63875", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"0A07E92A6A0D2E2BDB77139","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Cultures of E. Europe and Russia"},
{"itemId":"69F8DEF0CFBBC6C7F17E2D0", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"9A9394CB97C677926121B58","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Civics and Government"},
{"itemId":"F0FE2541EB0E94FC42932A4", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"2E135A961DA471A754F6294","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Nations and Culture (S and SE Asia) Quiz"}]},
{"navBarTitleText":"Revolution, Democracy and Imperialism (1600-1850)","backgroundColor":"#000000","quizFontColorQuestions":"#FFFFFF","quizSoundEffectFileNameCorrect":"right.mp3","itemId":"26C1A52AE31F9D2626609D5","itemType":"BT_screen_quiz","itemNickname":"Revolution, Democracy and Imperialism (1600-1850)",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"DF1696A08548F469111D816", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which political development was the result of gradual rather than revolutionary change?", "correctAnswerText":"English democracy", "incorrectText1":"United States independence", "incorrectText2":"communism in the Soviet Union", "incorrectText3":"republican government in France"},
{"itemId":"7D414191816D786B761A162", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The rise of democratic movements in Europe originated mainly from the", "correctAnswerText":"desire of the majority to share in the privileges and responsibilities of the few", "incorrectText1":"institution of new class systems based on ownership of land", "incorrectText2":"need of the lower classes to protect the status quo from unwanted social changes", "incorrectText3":"recognition that racial injustice had to be corrected"},
{"itemId":"0EC93D1AF5BFE36BBF678D5", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Magna Carta, the Reform Bill of 1832, and the Parliament Act of 1911 were all steps by which Great Britain", "correctAnswerText":"evolved toward democratic principles", "incorrectText1":"extended British imperialism", "incorrectText2":"created a classless society", "incorrectText3":"promoted socialist policies"},
{"itemId":"02562471838946FCB2B22E8", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Magna Carta was important to the development of democracy because it", "correctAnswerText":"limited the power of the monarch", "incorrectText1":"created a bicameral legislature", "incorrectText2":"took land away from the nobles", "incorrectText3":"extended the right to vote to peasants"},
{"itemId":"CD3B6071754EC5D3D7325AA", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which is a valid conclusion about the development of democracy in Great Britain?", "correctAnswerText":"The power of the monarchy declined over a long period of time.", "incorrectText1":"Parliament's refusal to accept changes proposed by the monarchy prevented democratic reforms.", "incorrectText2":"Political change occurred swiftly after the overthrow of the monarchy.", "incorrectText3":"A socialistic government established a system of civil and political liberties."},
{"itemId":"9502451C36473F768EDB925", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights are documents that", "correctAnswerText":"limited the power of the monarch", "incorrectText1":"established England as an independent state", "incorrectText2":"intensified the con ict between church and state", "incorrectText3":"decreased the wealth of the nobles"},
{"itemId":"D5F53C3FB921FCB1A495EFD", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The immediate effect of both the Magna Carta and the Puritan Revolution on the English system of government was that", "correctAnswerText":"the power of the monarch was limited", "incorrectText1":"freedom of speech and press was guaranteed", "incorrectText2":"religious toleration was promoted", "incorrectText3":"the voting rights of all citizens were expanded"},
{"itemId":"4413413BF30650D4FAB6DD6", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which was most highly valued by European intellectuals of the Age of Enlightenment?", "correctAnswerText":"progress through the use of reason", "incorrectText1":"obedience to traditional ways", "incorrectText2":"loyalty to one's nation", "incorrectText3":"strengthening of religious institutions"},
{"itemId":"65F40A56CE61F391CB2B99B", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which group expressed the most organized opposition to the scienti", "correctAnswerText":"clergy", "incorrectText1":"merchants", "incorrectText2":"peasants", "incorrectText3":"political leaders"},
{"itemId":"A3CCF471743C2AE6ED13853", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Intellectuals representative of the Enlightenment would most likely have", "correctAnswerText":"believed that natural law gave order to their work", "incorrectText1":"emphasized emotion rather than reason", "incorrectText2":"built upon medieval thinking", "incorrectText3":"stressed religious values in presenting their ideas"}]},
{"navBarTitleText":"Renaissance 1400-1650","backgroundColor":"#000000","quizFontColorQuestions":"#FFFFFF","quizSoundEffectFileNameCorrect":"right.mp3","itemId":"8BC65C8972AF7FF6F2D870A","itemType":"BT_screen_quiz","itemNickname":"Renaissance 1400-1650",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"34E1A9896536478DC425819", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The most significant way in which the Renaissance in uenced the Reformation was in the Renaissance emphasis on", "correctAnswerText":"encouraging a questioning attitude", "incorrectText1":"supporting democratic forms of government", "incorrectText2":"stressing the importance of life after death", "incorrectText3":"questioning the existence of God"},
{"itemId":"4E8D462CAFCD1490F81523B", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Martin Luther's Ninety-five These were a call for", "correctAnswerText":"reforms within the Roman Catholic Church", "incorrectText1":"greater Papal authority", "incorrectText2":"religious revolt against German princes", "incorrectText3":"crusades to spread Christianity"},
{"itemId":"205AF3761543E6083B952AE", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which was a result of the Protestant Reformation in Europe?", "correctAnswerText":"The power of the Catholic Church in Europe was weakened.", "incorrectText1":"The Catholic Church accepted the dominance of the new Protestant religions in Italy, France, and Germany.", "incorrectText2":"Catholic Church leaders refused to make any changes in Church practices.", "incorrectText3":"Spain became a predominately Protestant nation."},
{"itemId":"7011B2F98D91FB5254C6BE6", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which factor helped most to bring about the Protestant Reformation?", "correctAnswerText":"Kings and princes in northern Europe resented the power of the Catholic Church.", "incorrectText1":"The exploration of the Americas led to the introduction of new religious ideas.", "incorrectText2":"Islam was attracting many converts in western Europe.", "incorrectText3":"The Catholic clergy had lost faith in their religion."},
{"itemId":"D74CD5CB6BB5AFAD16AA2EC", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which statement best characterizes the Renaissance?", "correctAnswerText":"Greater emphasis was placed on the development of human potential.", "incorrectText1":"The rigid social class system established in medieval times was strengthened.", "incorrectText2":"The Catholic Church banned painting and sculpture because they were considered to be too worldly.", "incorrectText3":"The authority of the Catholic Church was expanded."},
{"itemId":"71E921915BCAE82E8CBCAA0", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which movement helped most to reintroduce classic Greco-Roman ideas to Western culture?", "correctAnswerText":"the Renaissance", "incorrectText1":"the Commercial Revolution", "incorrectText2":"the Protestant Reformation", "incorrectText3":"the Enlightenment"},
{"itemId":"F6A7CDC889845EFCA473040", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The humanists of the Renaissance differed from the traditional medieval philosophers in the humanists'", "correctAnswerText":"emphasis on the importance of the individual", "incorrectText1":"rejection of Christian principles", "incorrectText2":"lack of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture", "incorrectText3":"interest in the spiritual life of people"},
{"itemId":"12BFD9E1ACBCE1C80A32DC8", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During the Middle Ages, Europeans did not eat potatoes or corn because these vegetables", "correctAnswerText":"had not yet been introduced to Europe from the New World", "incorrectText1":"were forbidden by the Catholic Church for religious reasons", "incorrectText2":"were believed to be poisonous", "incorrectText3":"were too expensive to import from China"},
{"itemId":"72AAFB54FA5F51AB6A7B2D4", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A direct result of the conquest of Tenochtitl", "correctAnswerText":"fall of the Aztec Empire", "incorrectText1":"establishment of Portuguese trade routes around Africa", "incorrectText2":"conquest of the Kush Kingdom", "incorrectText3":"expulsion of Jews and Muslims from Spain"},
{"itemId":"A27A2022E89F358521C9F32", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"In 1453, the Ottoman Empire rose to power by defeating the", "correctAnswerText":"Byzantine Empire", "incorrectText1":"Holy Roman Empire", "incorrectText2":"European crusaders", "incorrectText3":"Mongol invaders"}]},
{"navBarTitleText":"Modern States (1850-1914) Quiz","backgroundColor":"#000000","quizFontColorQuestions":"#FFFFFF","quizSoundEffectFileNameCorrect":"right.mp3","itemId":"23ED0C16FD1BAF7DFA38A0E","itemType":"BT_screen_quiz","itemNickname":"Modern States (1850-1914) Quiz",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"FCBA0A6269D9FF60BF0FDC4", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During the 20th century, imperialism has been practiced by communist, fascist, and democratic nations. This fact clearly indicates that", "correctAnswerText":"imperialism results from an emphasis upon national self-interest", "incorrectText1":"imperialism provides a means of helping emerging nations", "incorrectText2":"most nations welcome imperialistic intervention in their a", "incorrectText3":"imperialism is generally practiced by only the strongest nations"},
{"itemId":"D9A44FF652943D7CAFE13EF", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During the 19th century, Western nations were able to gain control over parts of China mainly because", "correctAnswerText":"China lacked the military technology needed to stop these ventures", "incorrectText1":"the Chinese had a strong tradition of non-violence", "incorrectText2":"China was promised aid for its industries", "incorrectText3":"the Chinese lacked a strong cultural identity"},
{"itemId":"D416202917697470C5BED9D", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Just prior to World War I, the nations of Europe believed that the balance of power could best be maintained by", "correctAnswerText":"a system of alliances", "incorrectText1":"an international court", "incorrectText2":"increases in tari", "incorrectText3":"open agreements, openly arrived at"},
{"itemId":"CE5F5661140D1A23ED3887D", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which situation resulted from the Russo-Japanese War of 1905?", "correctAnswerText":"Dissident groups challenged the power of the Russian Czar.", "incorrectText1":"Russia gained control of China and Japan.", "incorrectText2":"The Japanese Emperor encouraged reforms in Russia.", "incorrectText3":"Japan lost its status as a world power."},
{"itemId":"74B005AB720D766413C3A1D", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"What was one effect of the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)?", "correctAnswerText":"Japan emerged as a major world power.", "incorrectText1":"Russia formed a military alliance with Japan.", "incorrectText2":"Czar Nicholas II gained power in Russia.", "incorrectText3":"Korea gained its independence."},
{"itemId":"069012B8A201436CC2A45C0", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"In Japanese history, what was the impact of the Meiji Restoration (1868{1912)?", "correctAnswerText":"Contact with Western nations encouraged Japan to industrialize.", "incorrectText1":"Japan adopted an isolationist policy.", "incorrectText2":"Chinese in uence on Japanese literature and the arts was limited.", "incorrectText3":"Japan adopted a feudal society."},
{"itemId":"0012CE8E3177E6A784F6817", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese began to modernize their country primarily to", "correctAnswerText":"compete with Western powers", "incorrectText1":"introduce Eastern religions to Japan", "incorrectText2":"reemphasize traditional values", "incorrectText3":"isolate their people from foreign in uences"},
{"itemId":"36EA4B6133D1429285F51B2", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which was the main reason for the decline of the Manchu Dynasty in 19th-century China?", "correctAnswerText":"In preserving Chinese traditions, the Manchus did not provide for change.", "incorrectText1":"Social mobility was not possible for most Chinese.", "incorrectText2":"The Manchus concentrated on promoting the opium trade.", "incorrectText3":"Few Chinese were adequately trained for government positions."},
{"itemId":"DE7EC45CA3CF98D61FFCA38", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which two forces were most powerful in the 19th-century Western Europe?", "correctAnswerText":"nationalism and liberalism", "incorrectText1":"fascism and socialism", "incorrectText2":"absolutionism and mercantilism", "incorrectText3":"classicism and humanism"},
{"itemId":"0497613A29DE1E26D0BC517", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which was most responsible for the rapid economic growth of New York City during the 19th century?", "correctAnswerText":"rise of domestic and foreign commerce", "incorrectText1":"presence of the New York Stock Exchange", "incorrectText2":"rise of urban mass transportation", "incorrectText3":"migration of blacks from the rural south"},
{"itemId":"FC087719DA062A0BE13B179", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Both the Taiping Rebellion and the Boxer Rebellion attempted to rid China of", "correctAnswerText":"foreign domination", "incorrectText1":"Mongol control", "incorrectText2":"illegal drug tra", "incorrectText3":"communist in uence"},
{"itemId":"238962E629CF220BF9734DC", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The primary ideas that were the basis of the 19th-century independence movements in Latin America came from the", "correctAnswerText":"French Revolution", "incorrectText1":"Spanish monarchy", "incorrectText2":"Russian Revolution", "incorrectText3":"Reformation"}]},
{"navBarTitleText":"Cold War Era (1946-1989) Quiz","backgroundColor":"#000000","quizFontColorQuestions":"#FFFFFF","quizSoundEffectFileNameCorrect":"right.mp3","itemId":"16202B4CFDA2F64DB61EB5F","itemType":"BT_screen_quiz","itemNickname":"Cold War Era (1946-1989) Quiz",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"399DAE238727C679223D601", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which statement best describes South Korea since the end of the Korean War?", "correctAnswerText":"Major industrial development has occurred.", "incorrectText1":"The country has experienced a marked decline in the standard of living.", "incorrectText2":"A communist government has been established.", "incorrectText3":"The population has shifted from urban to rural areas."},
{"itemId":"D6772582410821846FE8C8C", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The main reason the United Nations sent troops to Korea in 1950 was to", "correctAnswerText":"prevent North Korea from conquering the people of South Korea", "incorrectText1":"force the inspection of nuclear weapons plants in North Korea", "incorrectText2":"restore peace between warring factions of Buddhism and Shinto", "incorrectText3":"ensure that food reached areas of the Korean Peninsula affected by the famine"},
{"itemId":"4D8C77AB0274EC82591A4E5", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which source would be most helpful in finding information about the topography of Vietnam?", "correctAnswerText":"an atlas of Southeast Asia", "incorrectText1":"the memoirs of a Vietnam War veteran", "incorrectText2":"a Department of State bulletin describing the diplomatic affairs of European nations in Southeast Asia", "incorrectText3":"a history text describing United States involvement in Southeast Asia"},
{"itemId":"8E68A2A64FE52E7F2B7E9BC", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A major result of the Vietnam War was the passage of Federal legislation providing for", "correctAnswerText":"limitations on the President's power to use military force without Congressional approval", "incorrectText1":"the adoption of a policy of neutrality toward nations involved in civil war", "incorrectText2":"immediate cancellation of foreign aid to unfriendly nations", "incorrectText3":"automatic suspension of diplomatic relations with nations committing hostile acts toward the United States"},
{"itemId":"0D0DBC15EF4E905FD3ADBCB", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"United States participation in the undeclared war in Vietnam during the 1960's and 1970's raised a serious question in the United States about the", "correctAnswerText":"authority of the President to make war", "incorrectText1":"loyalty of United States military commanders", "incorrectText2":"intervention of the Supreme Court in matters of national security", "incorrectText3":"ability of Congress to finance a war"},
{"itemId":"977E07CA5F44B94BC136799", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"From the perspective of the North Vietnamese, the war in Vietnam in the 1960's was a battle between", "correctAnswerText":"nationalism and imperialism", "incorrectText1":"fascism and liberalism", "incorrectText2":"republicanism and totalitarianism", "incorrectText3":"theocracy and monarchy"},
{"itemId":"2D0D685ADF22D9898C98347", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A major development in relations between the Soviet Union and the United States occurred in the late 1980's when the two nations agreed to", "correctAnswerText":"eliminate a group of nuclear missiles", "incorrectText1":"ban arms sales to developing nations", "incorrectText2":"withdraw from the United Nations", "incorrectText3":"purchase all their oil from Mexico"},
{"itemId":"156E9B84CC7A295642877DD", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which statement about the spread of nuclear weapons is a fact rather than an opinion?", "correctAnswerText":"The United States and Russia signed the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaties during the 1970s.", "incorrectText1":"The spread of nuclear weapons was a smaller problem in the 1990s than it was in the 1970s.", "incorrectText2":"Nations possessing nuclear weapons should not have to limit the production of weapons.", "incorrectText3":"Only developing nations are concerned about the spread of nuclear weapons."},
{"itemId":"1F648AD2CDE6FB9E64535AC", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Between the years 1911 and 1949, China was experiencing a state of", "correctAnswerText":"political strife", "incorrectText1":"religious upheaval", "incorrectText2":"colonial expansion", "incorrectText3":"economic stability"},
{"itemId":"DDC1128E0B3532D879D510F", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which statement about the spread of communism since World War II is most accurate?", "correctAnswerText":"Armed revolution and Soviet intervention have been the main ways in which communism has expanded.", "incorrectText1":"Communist influence has been confirmed to European nations.", "incorrectText2":"Most developing nations have Communist governments.", "incorrectText3":"The Soviet Union continues to dominate all nations that refer to themselves as Socialist."},
{"itemId":"051BF96B635E72B0A868B84", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Communist governments were established in most nations of Eastern Europe shortly after World War II because", "correctAnswerText":"the Soviet Union used military and diplomatic pressures to install these governments", "incorrectText1":"members of the Communist Party won free elections in these nations", "incorrectText2":"Communist governments were able to significantly  increase agricultural productivity", "incorrectText3":"the region had a long tradition of strong Communist parties"},
{"itemId":"12E3CB3CBB467B7DE3391C5", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The expansion of communism into Eastern Europe was a direct result of", "correctAnswerText":"World War II", "incorrectText1":"the Crimean War", "incorrectText2":"the Napoleonic Wars", "incorrectText3":"World War I"},
{"itemId":"4AD66D0629ED5D3D6E825A0", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The division of Korea in 1945 and of Vietnam in 1954 are decisions which were", "correctAnswerText":"worked out as compromise political solutions reflected Cold War realities", "incorrectText1":"based on the principles of national self-determination", "incorrectText2":"reached by Korea and by Vietnam without the interference of other nations", "incorrectText3":"made as direct results of popular elections"},
{"itemId":"2079494929F2CE46C4FA20D", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During the 1980's in the Soviet Union, a major element of the economic policy of perestroika was", "correctAnswerText":"more reliance on local and regional decision-making", "incorrectText1":"increased collectivization of farms", "incorrectText2":"the expanded use of national five-year plans", "incorrectText3":"an emphasis on the redistribution of wealth"},
{"itemId":"B345BDB0F3625D4C0B97457", "itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During the 1980's, the Soviet Union experimented with modifications of its command economy by", "correctAnswerText":"introducing some market economy strategies", "incorrectText1":"eliminating central planning", "incorrectText2":"allowing private ownership of major industries", "incorrectText3":"legalizing independent trade unions"}]},
{
"itemId": "2E135A961DA471A754F6294",
"itemType": "BT_screen_quiz",
"itemNickname": "Nations and Cultures (S & SE ASIA)",
"navBarTitleText": "Nations and Cultures (S & SE ASIA)",
"backgroundColor": "#000000",
"quizFontColorQuestions": "#FFFFFF",
"quizSoundEffectFileNameCorrect": "right.mp3",
"childItems": [
{
"itemId": "4BDAC9312642F3576EE4F67",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "One similarity between the feudal manors of Europe and the traditional villages of India is that",
"correctAnswerText": "peasants were seldom able to change their social status",
"incorrectText1": "women dominated the political decisions of the local councils",
"incorrectText2": "children could choose from a number of different occupations",
"incorrectText3": "monarchs exerted absolute power over local governments"
},
{
"itemId": "407B78C3A60E280883B0404",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "The caste system is still practiced in India today primarily because it is",
"correctAnswerText": "encouraged by village customs and traditions",
"incorrectText1": "enforced by the military",
"incorrectText2": "supported by Christian and Muslim teachings",
"incorrectText3": "mandated by law"
},
{
"itemId": "5EF30B4F5D6B16303847981",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "From the perspective of the North Vietnamese, the war in Vietnam in the 1960's was a battle between",
"correctAnswerText": "nationalism and imperialism",
"incorrectText1": "fascism and liberalism",
"incorrectText2": "republicanism and totalitarianism",
"incorrectText3": "theocracy and monarchy"
},
{
"itemId": "FEB3068F040D90B13451B38",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "Within their respective nations, both Ho Chi Minh and Fidel Castro achieved their goals by",
"correctAnswerText": "using armed conflict to bring a communist government to power",
"incorrectText1": "seeking aid and support from the European Union",
"incorrectText2": "following a policy of nonalignment",
"incorrectText3": "working to build a capitalist system"
},
{
"itemId": "5D1580C08F40534C25E02AA",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "During the 1960's and 1970's, the primary reason for United States involvement in Southeast Asia was to",
"correctAnswerText": "stop the spread of communism",
"incorrectText1": "gain new markets for exports",
"incorrectText2": "search for new sources of oil",
"incorrectText3": "look for new colonies"
}
]
},
{
"itemId": "9A9394CB97C677926121B58",
"itemType": "BT_screen_quiz",
"itemNickname": "Civics, Citizenship and Govt Quiz",
"navBarTitleText": "Civics, Citizenship and Govt Quiz",
"backgroundColor": "#000000",
"quizFontColorQuestions": "#FFFFFF",
"quizSoundEffectFileNameCorrect": "right.mp3",
"childItems": [
{
"itemId": "2E8B318BB4F85296EAE13F2",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": ". . . and in the actions of men, and especially of princes, . . . the end justifies the means.  Which philosopher most likely wrote this statement?",
"correctAnswerText": "Niccolo Machiavelli",
"incorrectText1": "Baron de Montesquieu",
"incorrectText2": "Voltaire",
"incorrectText3": "John Locke"
},
{
"itemId": "B29337CDFB4AAFEDCBAD43D",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "Which aspect of life in India demonstrates the influence of the British colonial period?",
"correctAnswerText": "constitutional government",
"incorrectText1": "arranged marriages",
"incorrectText2": "religious tradition of Hinduism",
"incorrectText3": "caste system"
},
{
"itemId": "F029205F119337512ABE7DC",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "Which type of political system did V. I. Lenin, Adolf Hitler, and Benito Mussolini establish in their countries?",
"correctAnswerText": "totalitarianism",
"incorrectText1": "constitutional monarchy",
"incorrectText2": "representative democracy",
"incorrectText3": "theocracy"
},
{
"itemId": "5013E878E2E3AEB81443DB6",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "The Holocaust is an example of",
"correctAnswerText": "violations of human rights",
"incorrectText1": "conflict between political parties",
"incorrectText2": "limited technological development",
"incorrectText3": "geography's influence on culture"
},
{
"itemId": "94DEC9E1485B4F9B1D74A58",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "The code of Hammurabi is an example of",
"correctAnswerText": "written rules for legal procedures",
"incorrectText1": "the power of strong kings to control trade",
"incorrectText2": "regulations on the way to conduct wars against neighboring nations",
"incorrectText3": "the power of a legislature to veto laws passed by absolute monarchs"
}
]
},
{
"itemId": "0A07E92A6A0D2E2BDB77139",
"itemType": "BT_screen_quiz",
"itemNickname": "Contemporary Nations & Cultures(E. Europe/Russia))",
"navBarTitleText": "Contemporary Nations & Cultures(E. Europe/Russia))",
"backgroundColor": "#000000",
"quizFontColorQuestions": "#FFFFFF",
"quizSoundEffectFileNameCorrect": "right.mp3",
"childItems": [
{
"itemId": "67D487100F2442BE90CB348",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "One reason the Soviet Union formed the Warsaw Pact was to",
"correctAnswerText": "limit the threat of invasion from Western Europe",
"incorrectText1": "ease the transition to democracy",
"incorrectText2": "help institute capitalism in Eastern Europe",
"incorrectText3": "challenge the economic successes of the Common Market"
},
{
"itemId": "293437D27A64E418AD11D3A",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "The initial reaction of the Russian Government to the fighting that broke out in Chechnya in the 1990's demonstrated that Russia",
"correctAnswerText": "is unwilling to grant independence to dissenting ethnic groups",
"incorrectText1": "has little control over its arsenal of nuclear weapons",
"incorrectText2": "will defend its remaining republics against foreign invasion",
"incorrectText3": "favors reestablishing communism"
},
{
"itemId": "747CD03D5D6A379BFC1885E",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "The strong showing by the Communist Party in the Russian Presidential election of 1996 suggests that large numbers of Russian people",
"correctAnswerText": "feared continuing economic instability and high inflation",
"incorrectText1": "favored a return to Stalin�s policy of imprisoning dissidents",
"incorrectText2": "wanted the Russian Orthodox Church to play a larger role in government",
"incorrectText3": "supported a return to isolationist policies"
},
{
"itemId": "D78785A7691DC2EEDFF6531",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "One result of the collaspe of the Soviet Union has been that",
"correctAnswerText": "ethnic violence has broken out in some regions",
"incorrectText1": "some former republics have recognized the Warsaw Pact",
"incorrectText2": "an era of peace and stability has emerged in most of the former republics",
"incorrectText3": "the republics have made an easy transition to a market economy"
},
{
"itemId": "193FDE6A9A3B013BF4190E2",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "Censorship, mass arrests, and a secret police force are most characteristic of",
"correctAnswerText": "totalitarian regimes",
"incorrectText1": "parliamentary democracies",
"incorrectText2": "republics",
"incorrectText3": "constitutional monarchies"
}
]
},
{
"itemId": "D1FABC238CC978C351C4FAC",
"itemType": "BT_screen_quiz",
"itemNickname": "Contemporary Nations & Cultures(LATIN AMER)",
"navBarTitleText": "Contemporary Nations & Cultures(LATIN AMER)",
"backgroundColor": "#000000",
"quizFontColorQuestions": "#FFFFFF",
"quizSoundEffectFileNameCorrect": "right.mp3",
"childItems": [
{
"itemId": "6AF571487CC7F0446D4092B",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "In many Latin American nations, the leadership roles assumed by the military and by the Roman Catholic Church evolved from",
"correctAnswerText": "Spanish colonial rule",
"incorrectText1": "Native American beliefs",
"incorrectText2": "the development of the triangular trade",
"incorrectText3": "the effects of matriarchal societies"
},
{
"itemId": "5015E43AA5E4792D9B330BA",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "Which situation followed both the Cuban Revolution (1959) and the Nicaraguan Revolution (1979)?",
"correctAnswerText": "A Marxist government assumed power and promised to improve living standards of the people.",
"incorrectText1": "The role of religion was reemphasized.",
"incorrectText2": "Individual rights were guaranteed under constitutional democracies.",
"incorrectText3": "Relations with the United States improved immediately."
},
{
"itemId": "4369BEDBCA5EBEE0EF79380",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "A major problem facing many Central American nations is that their nation's wealth is",
"correctAnswerText": "controlled by a small group of landed elite",
"incorrectText1": "generally invested in consumer industries",
"incorrectText2": "distributed throughout the large middle class",
"incorrectText3": "held mainly by government agencies"
},
{
"itemId": "8A4398E0F261FD1F0B739EC",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "Which type of government has resulted from the changing political trends in much of Latin America during the 1990's?",
"correctAnswerText": "democracy",
"incorrectText1": "monarchy",
"incorrectText2": "military junta",
"incorrectText3": "fascism"
},
{
"itemId": "B71ED8C349CF1A3FF492CC0",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "In Latin America during the 1960's and 1970's, which group became increasingly active in promoting human rights?",
"correctAnswerText": "Roman Catholic clergy",
"incorrectText1": "wealthy landholders",
"incorrectText2": "successful industrialists",
"incorrectText3": "military leaders"
}
]
},
{
"itemId": "1602B8B209214DA4CCE60DD",
"itemType": "BT_screen_quiz",
"itemNickname": "Contemporary Nations & Cultures(MID EAST)",
"navBarTitleText": "Contemporary Nations & Cultures(MID EAST)",
"backgroundColor": "#000000",
"quizFontColorQuestions": "#FFFFFF",
"quizSoundEffectFileNameCorrect": "right.mp3",
"childItems": [
{
"itemId": "1A506D3698946A2277FE798",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "In Iran, the Revolution of 1979 and the rise of Islamic fundamentalism have resulted in",
"correctAnswerText": "a return to many traditional customs",
"incorrectText1": "an increase in women's rights",
"incorrectText2": "the westernization and modernization of the nation",
"incorrectText3": "the introduction of a democratic form of government"
},
{
"itemId": "212B209E63A2576FABDFE6C",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "The conflict between Israel and the Arab nations since 1948 was often considered part of the Cold War primarily because",
"correctAnswerText": "the United States supported Israel and the Soviet Union supported several Arab nations",
"incorrectText1": "the policy of detente evolved from this conflict",
"incorrectText2": "communist governments were established in many Arab nations",
"incorrectText3": "the leadership of Joseph Stalin strongly influenced the policies of Saddam Hussein"
},
{
"itemId": "0CD036C664A16DB89F1A973",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "The major goal of many minority groups, such as the Kurds, Tamils, and Sikhs, is to",
"correctAnswerText": "obtain self-rule and economic control of a homeland",
"incorrectText1": "establish a multicultural state",
"incorrectText2": "install Christianity as the state religion",
"incorrectText3": "acquire economic aid from the World Bank"
},
{
"itemId": "AB0CA785320AA3AB01B9E14",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "The primary goal of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) has been to",
"correctAnswerText": "establish and independent state for Palestinian Arabs",
"incorrectText1": "settle disputes between Shiite and Sunni Muslims",
"incorrectText2": "control the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)",
"incorrectText3": "seize control of the Suez Canal"
},
{
"itemId": "0EC148754DCBCE1AA245DCD",
"itemType": "BT_quizQuestion",
"questionText": "One way in which the European Crusades, the Age of Exploration, and the Islamic Revolution in Iran were similar is that during each period",
"correctAnswerText": "religion played an important role in political events",
"incorrectText1": "imperialism led to an increase in traditional values",
"incorrectText2": "self-determination encouraged policies of home rule",
"incorrectText3": "weak central governments led to a return to feudalism"
}
]
},
{"navBarTitleText":"Class Tools","navBarStyle":"transparent","listBackgroundColor":"clear","listRowSeparatorColor":"clear","listRowSelectionStyle":"none","listTitleFontColor":"#FFFFFF","listTitleFontColorSelected":"#CCCCCC","listDescriptionFontColor":"#FFFFFF","listDescriptionFontColorSelected":"#CCCCCC","circleRadiusPortrait":".7","circleRadiusLandscape":".7","circleTranslation":"-120","backgroundColor":"clear","backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/buddyappdevelopment.com\/docs\/global-history\/wall_2195.png","backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/buddyappdevelopment.com\/docs\/global-history\/wall_2195.png","backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen","includeAds":"0","itemId":"9776802119AAE12DD3C38E3","itemType":"Circleview_list_menu","itemNickname":"Class Tools",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"34CF930381C96445368FAA0", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"967EE61D24EC473157CDE44","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Notepad Feature"},
{"itemId":"756E13AD930644EE38EBB3C", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"8AB4513D1DA723639ED70C7","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Timer"},
{"itemId":"0F01EE6BC08BA7CE2B77F95", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"E624D05E18CF19254596CFA","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Lecture Snapshot"},
{"itemId":"B57C93821A4BB42ADD6F572", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"09332BEB4A2C80D886E29D6","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Record and Play"},
{"itemId":"036E010AA048E6EED2942D7", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"A8316ADB0E8BFBC2B99BED7","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Drawing Feature"},
{"itemId":"1AF82C8530FD11C50601A63", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"7FDDA63334FB416CCE6268D","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Add Study Buddy Contact Info"}]},
{"navBarTitleText":"Notepad Feature","itemId":"967EE61D24EC473157CDE44","itemType":"Notepad_feature","itemNickname":"Notepad Feature"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Timer","itemId":"8AB4513D1DA723639ED70C7","itemType":"Timer","itemNickname":"Timer"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Lecture Snapshot","itemId":"E624D05E18CF19254596CFA","itemType":"Photoefx","itemNickname":"Lecture Snapshot"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Record and Play","itemId":"09332BEB4A2C80D886E29D6","itemType":"Record_n_play","itemNickname":"Record and Play"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Drawing Feature","itemId":"A8316ADB0E8BFBC2B99BED7","itemType":"Paint","itemNickname":"Drawing Feature"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Add Study Buddy Contact Info","itemId":"7FDDA63334FB416CCE6268D","itemType":"Save_contact","itemNickname":"Add Study Buddy Contact Info"},
{"navBarTitleText":"More","navBarStyle":"transparent","listBackgroundColor":"clear","listRowSeparatorColor":"clear","listRowSelectionStyle":"none","listTitleFontColor":"#FFFFFF","listTitleFontColorSelected":"#CCCCCC","listDescriptionFontColor":"#FFFFFF","listDescriptionFontColorSelected":"#CCCCCC","circleRadiusPortrait":".7","circleRadiusLandscape":".7","circleTranslation":"-120","backgroundColor":"clear","backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/buddyappdevelopment.com\/docs\/global-history\/wall_2195.png","backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/buddyappdevelopment.com\/docs\/global-history\/wall_2195.png","backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen","includeAds":"0","itemId":"E964094E3108B43EEBED585","itemType":"Circleview_list_menu","itemNickname":"More",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"B752F7C15408B6B0CAEE89F", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"397AFE3E93DD42F911328A5","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Video playlists"},
{"itemId":"5F7E781F2D558EF8EF256A5", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"1DF7AA307F884333F1260F1","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"News Menu"},
{"itemId":"1154EFA7D7A8E2A49276C9B", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"E269559C1261D327B7A552A","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Regents Exam Menu"},
{"itemId":"DB922156C538A781AA0514E", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"7578F3955A0BC85C0C54685", "titleText":"Flash Cards by Topic", "rowAccessoryType":"none", "transitionType":"curl"},
{"itemId":"562878356A451887375DDA0", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"7BCFD6133BD9583B16AA6BA","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Email Us"}]},
{"navBarTitleText":"Educational Buddy App Store","localFileName":"applist3.html","itemId":"07CC2818804169B4DBB9BA6","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Educational Buddy App Store"},
{"itemId":"25D2DAB398D824C8B222892", "itemType":"App_rater", "itemNickname":"Rate This App", "navBarTitleText":"Rate This App", "titleText":"Would you like to rate this app?", "infoText":"Please choose one of the following.", "buttonLikeText":"Like", "buttonDislikeText":"Dislike", "buttonLaterText":"Later", "buttonLikeTextColor":"#000000", "buttonLikeBackgroundColor":"#FFFFCC", "DislikeTextColor":"#000000", "buttonDislikeBackgroundColor":"#FFFFCC", "LaterTextColor":"#000000", "buttonLaterBackgroundColor":"#FFFFCC", "emailToAddress":"educationalbuddyapps@gmail.com", "emailSubject":"Rating about Global History Regents Buddy", "appStoreURL":"http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/global-history-regents-buddy/id513751534?ls=1&mt=8"},
{
"itemId": "E269559C1261D327B7A552A",
"itemType": "BT_screen_menuListSimple",
"itemNickname": "Regents Exams and Keys",
"navBarTitleText": "Regents Exams and Keys",
"listStyle": "round",
"listBackgroundColor": "clear",
"listRowBackgroundColor": "#336633",
"listTitleFontColor": "#FFFFFF",
"listDescriptionFontColor": "#FFFFFF",
"listTitleFontSizeSmallDevice": "14",
"listDescriptionFontSizeSmallDevice": "14",

"hideFromSearch": "0",
"includeAds": "0",
"childItems": [
{
"itemId": "0146E82BFB10C59FBEE5517",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "6E927D9A1E41616A30CAC70",
"loadScreenWithItemType": "pdfDoc",
"loadScreenTypeLabel": "PDF Doc",
"titleText": "Regents 1"
},
{
"itemId": "58A3E7EC8DBD892D82B0A1D",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "42CB97B96AE161C4D827C1A",
"loadScreenWithItemType": "pdfDoc",
"loadScreenTypeLabel": "PDF Doc",
"titleText": "Regents 1 Key"
},
{
"itemId": "C75D034DB1A3783DF3FB546",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "9E3A69908DC81C54079A71F",
"loadScreenWithItemType": "pdfDoc",
"loadScreenTypeLabel": "PDF Doc",
"titleText": "Regents 2"
},
{
"itemId": "061F7AA8C1F7A75A0CD489C",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "1Z1A69908DC81C54079A71F",
"loadScreenWithItemType": "pdfDoc",
"loadScreenTypeLabel": "PDF Doc",
"titleText": "Regents 2 Key"
},
{
"itemId": "5F0BF647D3C3F1272A7BB97",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "B9A8882A7F94CEEA09FABEB",
"loadScreenWithItemType": "pdfDoc",
"loadScreenTypeLabel": "PDF Doc",
"titleText": "Regents 3"
},
{
"itemId": "D283C4EBB77791006AAEB4F",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "7A16F7591E76E48B79FB564",
"loadScreenWithItemType": "pdfDoc",
"loadScreenTypeLabel": "PDF Doc",
"titleText": "Regents 3 Key"
},
{
"itemId": "04F896978C8C400E3DE7F0A",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "EDF9A24E437DE8DE6A8A0CC",
"loadScreenWithItemType": "pdfDoc",
"loadScreenTypeLabel": "PDF Doc",
"titleText": "Regents 4"
},
{
"itemId": "228B143E8618F936C50F727",
"itemType": "BT_menuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "0014F641F0AE1F22EE3BA81",
"loadScreenWithItemType": "pdfDoc",
"loadScreenTypeLabel": "PDF Doc",
"titleText": "Regents 4 Key"
}]},{"itemId":"46F2C8ECCF23622FA6E1302", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"The Cold War and Beyond FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Thecoldwarandbeyond.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"The Cold War and Beyond FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"9D71AFCF1B3522F26A10AC0", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"World War I FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Worldwari.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"World War I FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"BC1938C16A2ED0A17D0E309", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Russian Revolution FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Russianrevolution.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Russian Revolution FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"E42023F456DDBC44AA18227", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Revolutions in the Americas FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Revolutionsintheamericas.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Revolutions in the Americas FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"5231F9358C2F19857289D92", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"North Africa and the Middle East FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/Northafricaandthemiddleeast.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"North Africa and the Middle East FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"3CF7ECFE9BBDA98F6164726", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Fascism Totalitarianism FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/fascismtotalariasm.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Fascism Totalitarianism FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"54CC92105D2DC1DA368DC68", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"World War II FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Worldwarii.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"World War II FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"AD8BA534923701750011C49", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Revolution in Asia FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Revolutioninasia.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Revolution in Asia FC", "forceRefresh":"1"},
{"itemId":"360A437E2340ADF18D4DABE", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "itemNickname":"Contemporary Global Issues FC", "dataURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/world-history-buddy/Contemporaryglobalissues.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Contemporary Global Issues FC", "forceRefresh":"1"}

,
{"itemNickname":"Regents 1", "itemId":"6E927D9A1E41616A30CAC70", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "dataURL":"http://www.nysedregents.org/GlobalHistoryGeography/112/glhg12012-examw.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Regents 1", "hideFromSearch":"0", "includeAds":"0"},
{"itemNickname":"Regents 1 Key", "itemId":"42CB97B96AE161C4D827C1A", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "dataURL":"http://www.nysedregents.org/GlobalHistoryGeography/112/glhg12012-rg1.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Regents 1 Key", "hideFromSearch":"0", "includeAds":"0"},
{"itemNickname":"Regents 2", "itemId":"9E3A69908DC81C54079A71F", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "dataURL":"http://www.nysedregents.org/GlobalHistoryGeography/Archive/20100817-gh-examw.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Regents 2", "hideFromSearch":"0", "includeAds":"0"},
{"itemNickname":"Regents 3", "itemId":"B9A8882A7F94CEEA09FABEB", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "dataURL":"http://www.nysedregents.org/GlobalHistoryGeography/611/gh-exam611w.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Regents 3", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/003868_full.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/global-history-regents-buddy/003868_full.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "hideFromSearch":"0", "includeAds":"0"},
{"itemNickname":"Regents 3 Key", "itemId":"7A16F7591E76E48B79FB564", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "dataURL":"http://www.nysedregents.org/GlobalHistoryGeography/611/20110615-gh-rg1.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Regents 3 Key", "hideFromSearch":"0", "includeAds":"0"},
{"itemNickname":"Regents 4", "itemId":"EDF9A24E437DE8DE6A8A0CC", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "dataURL":"http://www.nysedregents.org/GlobalHistoryGeography/811/ghg-exam811w.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Regents 4", "hideFromSearch":"0", "includeAds":"0"},
{"itemNickname":"Regents 4 Key", "itemId":"0014F641F0AE1F22EE3BA81", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "dataURL":"http://www.nysedregents.org/GlobalHistoryGeography/811/gh-rg1-811.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Regents 4 Key", "hideFromSearch":"0", "includeAds":"0"},{"itemNickname":"Regents 2 key", "itemId":"1Z1A69908DC81C54079A71F", "itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc", "dataURL":"http://www.nysedregents.org/GlobalHistoryGeography/Archive/20100817-gh-rg1w.pdf", "navBarTitleText":"Regents 2", "hideFromSearch":"0", "includeAds":"0"},
{"emailToAddress":"educationalbuddyapps@gmail.com","emailSubject":"question about Global History Regents Buddy app...","itemId":"7BCFD6133BD9583B16AA6BA","itemType":"BT_sendEmail","itemNickname":"Email Us"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Share This App","listRowBackgroundColor":"#000000","listTitleFontColor":"#FFFFFF","listStyle":"round","itemId":"B072AF604237D3C7A3A4414","itemType":"BT_screen_menuListSimple","itemNickname":"Share This App",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"0F1A6F4069736518E4ECADC", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"A6AFFA0D272BF000DA272FE","titleText":"Share via Text Message", "transitionType":"curl" },
{"itemId":"229942D1D8A3C62A18A7C6F", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"CC3DD677BA4910F1C9DE3CA","titleText":"Share via Email", "transitionType":"curl" }]},
{"textMessage":"You gotta check out global history regents buddy app!","itemId":"A6AFFA0D272BF000DA272FE","itemType":"BT_shareSms","itemNickname":"Share via Text Message"},
{"emailSubject":"You gotta check out global history regents buddy app!","emailMessage":"Be sure to download it and check it out.","itemId":"CC3DD677BA4910F1C9DE3CA","itemType":"BT_shareEmail","itemNickname":"Share via Email"},
{"navBarTitleText":"ipad storybook","navBarStyle":"hidden","sbBGImage":"blank.png","sbSwipe":"1","itemId":"3F7E729C5777F2EEF6884F5","itemType":"Ipad_story_book_page","itemNickname":"ipad storybook"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Sticky Notes","localFileName":"add_note.html","itemId":"F73B0FF5A72823018DD45C9","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Sticky Notes"},
{"navBarTitleText":"quiz1","backgroundColor":"#000000","quizFontColorQuestions":"#FFFFFF","quizSoundEffectFileNameCorrect":"right.mp3","itemId":"2D0E7A2C9A879566B5CF86A","itemType":"BT_screen_quiz","itemNickname":"quiz1",
"childItems":[]},
{"navBarTitleText":"World History by HipHughes History","DasVideoURL":"http:\/\/gdata.youtube.com\/feeds\/api\/playlists\/PL63FCC94DD9F44C96","itemId":"DD28EA6669141E6079656E7","itemType":"Das_video_playlist","itemNickname":"World History by HipHughes History"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Interactive Presentations","imageFileName":"abstractblue.png","backgroundColor":"#FFFFFF","includeAds":"0","itemId":"075E384143A4F1B5859ADB1","itemType":"WB_screen_menuImage","itemNickname":"Interactive Presentations",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"D75A92DB9BA7547579D071A", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"BACEEB12E2EC86C1426CA69","titleText":"Foundations of Civilizations"},
{"itemId":"480C7DB33E52183BC4FFE30", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"494567BD28B07E917A51621","titleText":"Ancient Middle East and Egypt"},
{"itemId":"8B240B4500FDDE9BD1EE4E7", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"69F65A82BC6A7188D7B76B8","titleText":"Ancient India and China"},
{"itemId":"143E9366B638036F04D00A6", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"C355AC078F896632F24724A","titleText":"Civilizations of the Americas"},
{"itemId":"8B52CC8BC0C7F6A02AD0361", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"1F8514DC1FD58B87E6247EF","titleText":"The High Middle Ages"},
{"itemId":"84EE291738134EB87146B35", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"8B6DA105EDB029887141B7C","titleText":"Kingdoms and Trading States of Africa"},
{"itemId":"1B42BEBB586344CDA19098B", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"5CB6ED817B02B843B4D8333","titleText":"Beginnings of Our Global Age Europe Africa and Asia"},
{"itemId":"8BD91408EF331EA5AA8F988", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"8EE84B91B4F2E15F81B0629","titleText":"Age of Absolutism"},
{"itemId":"C3B8B60357830D70659C305", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"3250C64C9AF8A34417D9043","titleText":"Enlightenment & the American Revolution"},
{"itemId":"8A23BF9B3BA60E6BBB5E64B", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"4AD0A1C578AEC7546349E00","titleText":"The French Revolution"},
{"itemId":"174F5AE790283B35BDCC28E", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"573E70983A0E58DAAD02A15","titleText":"Life in the Industrial Age"},
{"itemId":"4D2B675878816B4D9DF25D9", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"3E29B8FD8A0A523A124477E","titleText":"Nationalism Triumphs in Europe"},
{"itemId":"56901E3ADD3CDCF76391372", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"846FC77C1D55244D86C3D9C","titleText":"Growth of Western Democracies"},
{"itemId":"DF1EE0174FBEAE6A4956B7A", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"4F07A94FF316133A4E28D15","titleText":"The New Imperialism"},
{"itemId":"EC3061FD33162957ABD31D2", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"4AFA9E560613A46739C90B8","titleText":"Changing Global Patterns"},
{"itemId":"F62CF403469AEC9D80793F4", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"F88968A268456D6BBE25A91","titleText":"World War I, Russian Revolution, and Communism"},
{"itemId":"69C4B6AA9C3CD97FEFF88C0", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"02E95BE562184058D631B89","titleText":"Spread of Civilization in East Asia"},
{"itemId":"8C762C795C9420D5418FAE2", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"221BF6F65C9BDB3FC4CE5F7","titleText":"Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium"},
{"itemId":"B065C6874125A3FB7E546D3", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"C1503F8D7A8EA4920077BA2","titleText":"First Global Age"},
{"itemId":"8716A5EAB3909BF7E6DE6DB", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"C5B619E0E1F7D57CE056ADC","titleText":"The Rise of Totalitarianism"},
{"itemId":"872079C154A872206869D72", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"3F300F9B6B3FD2F96348513","titleText":"World War II and aftermath"},
{"itemId":"744B7F813A322883E39D3F7", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"C12ED893FE2BFAFFDDE5C03","titleText":"The Cold War"}]},
{"navBarTitleText":"Interactive Flash Cards","imageURL":"https:\/\/www.buzztouch.com\/applications072212\/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0\/images\/ghheader.png","backgroundColor":"#FFFFFF","includeAds":"0","itemId":"79B8FDEDE3F8161B6581CF3","itemType":"WB_screen_menuImage","itemNickname":"Interactive Flash Cards",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"A7894CF414644DF9BF59718", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"7CF0D896D0C75FC86A8FA6D","titleText":"Foundations of Civilizations FC"},
{"itemId":"07526F389854AE1B1A4170C", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"3DAFA57B6D0FA6B86F3FDEE","titleText":"Ancient Middle East and Egypt FC"},
{"itemId":"32B79D311DFBC08CB0C85DC", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"B6497D1848243EF80B7F48A","titleText":"Ancient India and China FC"},
{"itemId":"865D8685D03F7EFDD42B984", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"602D343F00B39CBE7BB0638","titleText":"Ancient Rome and the Rise of Christianity FC"},
{"itemId":"01AA8888B3138B711F2CB1D", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"452FBF74D78E4B98D953614","titleText":"Civilizations of the Americas FC"},
{"itemId":"B7DA021C0FACB11ACD218F8", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"4602C4C44D5B6A17688E3C3","titleText":"The High Middle Ages FC"},
{"itemId":"794FD19F6BF251844AFAAF4", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"B0F92E19D81D1C669B838A1","titleText":"Kingdoms and Trading States of Africa FC"},
{"itemId":"890C22760F6623B31BB05C2", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"13E62AD92D87FE237A885F3","titleText":"Age of Absolutism FC"},
{"itemId":"2D9CBF521A214078879D884", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"5F5E73CF645377552B23C7F","titleText":"Enlightenment & the American Revolution FC"},
{"itemId":"DEBD7AA3F261F56C783A320", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"F1428F10874DDBCA446D1F6","titleText":"The French Revolution"},
{"itemId":"90BFD83125C0FF3A9050040", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"B178BFCA947A44856878826","titleText":"Revolutions in Europe & Latin America FC"},
{"itemId":"238870D557103A591F80818", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"DDC6FA01551096B8A25FA27","titleText":"Life in the Industrial Age FC"},
{"itemId":"313E9322FD4212F923721E7", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"1ACF67BCA0B9B76AB51B72E","titleText":"Nationalism Triumphs in Europe FC"},
{"itemId":"0D6A3D13E5B723FED8D3F3D", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"7211DA728A0820D791B2B5E","titleText":"Growth of Western Democracies FC"},
{"itemId":"718F98057E0CAB355A5FD9B", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"DE3199228150821B9708279","titleText":"The New Imperialism FC"},
{"itemId":"8A710622D390D8C6438B576", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"F679C6AA4B592EDC36B913E","titleText":"World War I, Russian Revolution, and Communism FC"},
{"itemId":"55904EFD148D44184C2E484", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"921E7B9DD10EF5A1512DD6F","titleText":"Nationalism and Revolution Around the World FC"},
{"itemId":"BC60C925704BBF81506E56D", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"5CB12CB4BF666B4B260FFF4","titleText":"Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium FC"},
{"itemId":"E905BC41EFAA887E86EA536", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"3DFD421CBD6A08DB3017223","titleText":"Spread of Civilization in East Asia FC"},
{"itemId":"D0C1BB9B9D38C28A1BD1857", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"F7C3AB7EFC43F05B8ADC9A8","titleText":"First Global Age FC"},
{"itemId":"613EDE2DED243650B6D3E7C", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"ADFA5DA7DF3506012BF5B43","titleText":"World War II and aftermath FC"}]},
{"navBarTitleText":"Changing Global Patterns FC","itemId":"AD7D3B67A87F47FC9F0BE30","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Changing Global Patterns FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"The Rise of Totalitarianism FC","itemId":"3977E29B899621D97417D34","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"The Rise of Totalitarianism FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Nationalism Triumphs in Europe","localFileName":"nationtriumphpres.html","itemId":"3E29B8FD8A0A523A124477E","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Nationalism Triumphs in Europe"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Age of Absolutism FC","localFileName":"ageofabs.html","itemId":"13E62AD92D87FE237A885F3","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Age of Absolutism FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Sticky Notes (2)","dataURL":"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/buddyappdevelopment.com\/docs\/global-history\/stick1.html","itemId":"82DDD938B42008994EC4FED","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Sticky Notes (2)"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Foundations of Civilizations FC","localFileName":"foundationsofciv.html","itemId":"7CF0D896D0C75FC86A8FA6D","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Foundations of Civilizations FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Ancient Middle East and Egypt FC","localFileName":"ancientmidd.html","itemId":"3DAFA57B6D0FA6B86F3FDEE","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Ancient Middle East and Egypt FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Ancient India and China FC","localFileName":"ancientindia.html","itemId":"B6497D1848243EF80B7F48A","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Ancient India and China FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"The Rise of Ancient Greece FC","itemId":"87B1DE35DC6A0528A914C98","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"The Rise of Ancient Greece FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Ancient Rome and the Rise of Christianity FC","localFileName":"ancientrome.html","itemId":"602D343F00B39CBE7BB0638","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Ancient Rome and the Rise of Christianity FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Civilizations of the Americas FC","localFileName":"civilofamericas.html","itemId":"452FBF74D78E4B98D953614","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Civilizations of the Americas FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"The Rise of Europe","itemId":"299A8C1725A0D07EB113E98","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"The Rise of Europe"},
{"navBarTitleText":"The High Middle Ages FC","localFileName":"highmiddlag.html","itemId":"4602C4C44D5B6A17688E3C3","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"The High Middle Ages FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium and Orthodox Europe FC","itemId":"7EDCFE26724EA31A0BDA203","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium and Ortho"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium FC","localFileName":"civilizeastern.html","itemId":"5CB12CB4BF666B4B260FFF4","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Kingdoms and Trading States of Africa FC","localFileName":"kingdomtrade.html","itemId":"B0F92E19D81D1C669B838A1","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Kingdoms and Trading States of Africa FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Spread of Civilization in East and Southeast Asia FC","itemId":"150946A0869830ED16302F7","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Spread of Civilization in East and Southeast Asia "},
{"navBarTitleText":"Spread of Civilization in East Asia FC","localFileName":"spreadofciv.html","itemId":"3DFD421CBD6A08DB3017223","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Spread of Civilization in East Asia FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Global Age Europe Africa and Asia FC","localFileName":"firstglobalage.html","itemId":"573ACF4E3778B49233F3E8E","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Global Age Europe Africa and Asia FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"First Global Age FC","localFileName":"firstglobalage.html","dataURL":"firstglobalage.html","itemId":"F7C3AB7EFC43F05B8ADC9A8","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"First Global Age FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"First Global Age - Europe, the Americas, & Africa FC","itemId":"F95DB31848838B69BB30345","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"First Global Age - Europe, the Americas, & Africa "},
{"navBarTitleText":"Enlightenment & the American Revolution FC","localFileName":"enlight.html","itemId":"5F5E73CF645377552B23C7F","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Enlightenment & the American Revolution FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"The French Revolution","localFileName":"frenchrev.html","itemId":"F1428F10874DDBCA446D1F6","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"The French Revolution"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Revolutions in Europe & Latin America FC","localFileName":"revineurope.html","itemId":"B178BFCA947A44856878826","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Revolutions in Europe & Latin America FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Life in the Industrial Age FC","localFileName":"lifeinindust.html","itemId":"DDC6FA01551096B8A25FA27","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Life in the Industrial Age FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Nationalism Triumphs in Europe FC","localFileName":"nationtriumphs.html","itemId":"1ACF67BCA0B9B76AB51B72E","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Nationalism Triumphs in Europe FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Growth of Western Democracies FC","localFileName":"growthofwestdem.html","itemId":"7211DA728A0820D791B2B5E","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Growth of Western Democracies FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"The New Imperialism FC","localFileName":"newimperialism.html","itemId":"DE3199228150821B9708279","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"The New Imperialism FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"World War I, Russian Revolution, and Communism FC","localFileName":"wwifc.html","itemId":"F679C6AA4B592EDC36B913E","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"World War I, Russian Revolution, and Communism FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Nationalism and Revolution Around the World FC","localFileName":"nationandrev.html","itemId":"921E7B9DD10EF5A1512DD6F","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Nationalism and Revolution Around the World FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"World War II and aftermath FC","localFileName":"ww2fc.html","itemId":"ADFA5DA7DF3506012BF5B43","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"World War II and aftermath FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"The Cold War FC","itemId":"415A4908F37B6A3AD9C0468","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"The Cold War FC"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Foundations of Civilizations","localFileName":"foundationofcivipres.html","itemId":"BACEEB12E2EC86C1426CA69","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Foundations of Civilizations"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Ancient Middle East and Egypt","localFileName":"ancientmiddeast.html","itemId":"494567BD28B07E917A51621","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Ancient Middle East and Egypt"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Ancient India and China","localFileName":"ancientindiapres.html","itemId":"69F65A82BC6A7188D7B76B8","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Ancient India and China"},
{"navBarTitleText":"The Rise of Ancient Greece","itemId":"03936E25865AD411EF47544","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"The Rise of Ancient Greece"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Ancient Rome and the Rise of Christianity","itemId":"5F9ECF421EB7C89B6CE7B5C","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Ancient Rome and the Rise of Christianity"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Civilizations of the Americas","localFileName":"civilizationamericapres.html","itemId":"C355AC078F896632F24724A","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Civilizations of the Americas"},
{"navBarTitleText":"The Rise of Europe (2)","itemId":"2C6E866F0DBE0529528C1C9","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"The Rise of Europe (2)"},
{"navBarTitleText":"The High Middle Ages","localFileName":"highmiddlepres.html","itemId":"1F8514DC1FD58B87E6247EF","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"The High Middle Ages"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium and Orthodox Europe","itemId":"DEB360756FA38C5090A29C1","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium and Ortho"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium","localFileName":"civilieasterneurope.html","itemId":"221BF6F65C9BDB3FC4CE5F7","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Civilization in Eastern Europe Byzantium"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Beginnings of Our Global Age Europe Africa and Asia","localFileName":"thebegofourglobalpres.html","itemId":"5CB6ED817B02B843B4D8333","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Beginnings of Our Global Age Europe Africa and Asi"},
{"navBarTitleText":"First Global Age - Europe, the Americas, & Africa (2)","itemId":"91EE26293AF66201093F24A","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"First Global Age - Europe, the Americas, & Africa "},
{"navBarTitleText":"First Global Age","localFileName":"firstglobalagepres.html","itemId":"C1503F8D7A8EA4920077BA2","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"First Global Age"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Age of Absolutism","localFileName":"ageofabsolutpres.html","itemId":"8EE84B91B4F2E15F81B0629","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Age of Absolutism"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Enlightenment & the American Revolution","localFileName":"enlightenmentpres.html","itemId":"3250C64C9AF8A34417D9043","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Enlightenment & the American Revolution"},
{"navBarTitleText":"The French Revolution (2)","localFileName":"frenchrevpres.html","itemId":"4AD0A1C578AEC7546349E00","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"The French Revolution (2)"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Revolutions in Europe & Latin America","itemId":"67E8A436868D9F2746A8407","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Revolutions in Europe & Latin America"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Life in the Industrial Age","localFileName":"lifeinindustpres.html","itemId":"573E70983A0E58DAAD02A15","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Life in the Industrial Age"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Growth of Western Democracies","localFileName":"growthofwestdempres.html","itemId":"846FC77C1D55244D86C3D9C","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Growth of Western Democracies"},
{"navBarTitleText":"The New Imperialism","localFileName":"thenewimperipres.html","itemId":"4F07A94FF316133A4E28D15","itemType":"BT_screen_pdfDoc","itemNickname":"The New Imperialism"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Changing Global Patterns","localFileName":"globalpatterns.html","itemId":"4AFA9E560613A46739C90B8","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Changing Global Patterns"},
{"navBarTitleText":"World War I, Russian Revolution, and Communism","localFileName":"worldwarrussiapres.html","itemId":"F88968A268456D6BBE25A91","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"World War I, Russian Revolution, and Communism"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Nationalism and Revolution Around the World","itemId":"E615E0567912220E5C22137","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Nationalism and Revolution Around the World"},
{"navBarTitleText":"The Rise of Totalitarianism","localFileName":"theriseoftotalpres.html","itemId":"C5B619E0E1F7D57CE056ADC","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"The Rise of Totalitarianism"},
{"navBarTitleText":"World War II and aftermath","localFileName":"worldwarafterpres.html","itemId":"3F300F9B6B3FD2F96348513","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"World War II and aftermath"},
{"navBarTitleText":"The Cold War","localFileName":"coldwarpres.html","itemId":"C12ED893FE2BFAFFDDE5C03","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"The Cold War"},
{
"itemId": "8AC77A3CE71E42DFA47F415",
"itemType": "BTA_design_menu",
"itemNickname": "Home",
"navBarTitleText": "Home",
"backgroundImageNameSmallDevice": "gold-platter1.jpg",
"backgroundImageNameLargeDevice": "gold-platter1.jpg",
"backgroundImageScale": "fullScreen",
"searchdesignMenu": "1",
"listIconLeftSmallDevice": "25",
"listIconTopSmallDevice": "5",
"listIconHeightSmallDevice": "30",
"listIconWidthSmallDevice": "30",
"listIconLeftLargeDevice": "50",
"listIconTopLargeDevice": "5",
"listIconHeightLargeDevice": "30",
"listIconWidthLargeDevice": "30",
"headerImageNameSmallDevice": "empty_header.png",
"headerImageNameLargeDevice": "empty_header.png",
"headerImageHeightSmallDevice": "200",
"headerImageWidthSmallDevice": "320",
"headerImageScrollWithList": "1",
"headerImageHeightLargeDevice": "600",
"headerImageWidthLargeDevice": "1000",
"listTitleFontColor": "#000000",
"listRowHeightSmallDevice": "50",
"listTitleLeftSmallDevice": "100",
"listTitleTopSmallDevice": "17",
"listTitleHeightSmallDevice": "20",
"listTitleWidthSmallDevice": "200",
"listTitleNOLSmallDevice": "1",
"listTitleFontSizeSmallDevice": "18",
"listDescriptionFontSizeSmallDevice": "1",
"cellBackgroundSmallDevice": "goldrow copy.png",
"listCBGLeftSmallDevice": "40",
"listCBGTopSmallDevice": "0",
"listCBGHeightSmallDevice": "50",
"listCBGWidthSmallDevice": "100",
"listRowHeightLargeDevice": "50",
"listTitleLeftLargeDevice": "300",
"listTitleTopLargeDevice": "17",
"listTitleHeightLargeDevice": "20",
"listTitleWidthLargeDevice": "200",
"listTitleNOLLargeDevice": "1",
"listTitleFontSizeLargeDevice": "18",
"listDescriptionFontFamilyLargeDevice": "1",
"cellBackgroundLargeDevice": "goldrow.png",
"listCBGLeftLargeDevice": "0",
"listCBGTopLargeDevice": "0",
"listCBGHeightLargeDevice": "50",
"listCBGWidthLargeDevice": "700",
"childItems": [
{
"itemId": "B4245BA6FCDE9C9D020C802",
"itemType": "BT_designmenuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "093EC62F8EE8C5E590A85C1",
"iconName": "display.png",
"transitionType": "curl",
"titleText": "Presentations Menu"
},
{
"itemId": "05C64E3911134AE264E646E",
"itemType": "BT_designmenuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "989CA14E3554BB0EB1E1515",
"iconName": "star.png",
"titleText": "Interactive Quizzes"
},
{
"itemId": "0BD62EDB9481C850AA91327",
"itemType": "BT_designmenuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "DD6F6F59F4274B8D49D2009",
"iconName": "toolbox.png",
"transitionType": "curl",
"titleText": "Class Tools"
},
{
"itemId": "94BF49DBBEA830D35A1344E",
"itemType": "BT_designmenuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "22222294E3108B43EEBED585",
"iconName": "more.png",
"transitionType": "cube",
"titleText": "More"
}
]
},
{"navBarTitleText":"Favorite videos by World History & Other Stuff","DasVideoURL":"http:\/\/gdata.youtube.com\/feeds\/api\/playlists\/FLghVD_Sonqd_awXtPZEFb2w","itemId":"D0F198C88545D6607CA3D95","itemType":"Das_video_playlist","itemNickname":"Favorite videos by World History & Other Stuff"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Video playlists","imageFileName":"abstractblue.png","backgroundColor":"#FFFFFF","includeAds":"0","itemId":"397AFE3E93DD42F911328A5","itemType":"WB_screen_menuImage","itemNickname":"Video playlists",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"A62911CCEE627B9D4E02986", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"DD28EA6669141E6079656E7","titleText":"World History by HipHughes History"},
{"itemId":"67D80A4C7662DBA2572FBDA", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"EA2A0BEF77012D31987CE26","titleText":"World History playlist 2"},
{"itemId":"73C3BDD1F91E5D2E3D67817", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"02DDCF3A94A4909471C028B","titleText":"Crash Course World History"}]},
{"navBarTitleText":"World History playlist","DasVideoURL":"http:\/\/gdata.youtube.com\/feeds\/api\/playlists\/FLghVD_Sonqd_awXtPZEFb2w","itemId":"4B40D8C83772CFBF59AC8B3","itemType":"Das_video_playlist","itemNickname":"World History playlist"},
{"navBarTitleText":"World History playlist 2","DasVideoURL":"http:\/\/gdata.youtube.com\/feeds\/api\/playlists\/UUFWpOVvGzBN5e4gVqah9HpQ","itemId":"EA2A0BEF77012D31987CE26","itemType":"Das_video_playlist","itemNickname":"World History playlist 2"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Crash Course World History","DasVideoURL":"http:\/\/gdata.youtube.com\/feeds\/api\/playlists\/PLBDA2E52FB1EF80C9","itemId":"02DDCF3A94A4909471C028B","itemType":"Das_video_playlist","itemNickname":"Crash Course World History"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Check List","localFileName":"checklist.html","itemId":"A437D8A6F7673E69922303A","itemType":"BT_screen_htmlDoc","itemNickname":"Check List"},
{"startTransitionAfterSeconds":"7","animationDuration":"6","transitionDurationSeconds":"8","transitionType":"fade","backgroundImageNameSmallDevice":"iphone1.png","backgroundImageNameLargeDevice":"logosplash1.png","backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen","itemId":"AA281B282B2B0513D0C5094","itemType":"CR_animated_splash","itemNickname":"splash2"},
{"itemId":"54C30F383CA17F99FC2210F","itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz","itemNickname":"Ultimate Regents Challenge","navBarTitleText":"Ultimate Regents Challenge", "number_of_answers":"4", "buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4","question_background_color":"#000000","button_color_answers":"#FFFFFF","enableGameCenter":"1","GCleaderBoardID":"0004","share_via_email":"1","emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Score","share_via_tmFB":"1","tmFBText":"This is my score on the Global History Regents","share_via_tmTWT":"1","text_just":"center","font_color_question":"#FFFFFF","correct_sound":"right.mp3","incorrect_sound":"sosumi.mp3","includeAds":"0","backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://buzztouchmods.com/hosted/feracom/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg","backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://buzztouchmods.com/hosted/feracom/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg","backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen","audioFileName":"MotivationSuccessMain.wav","audioNumberOfLoops":"3","audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1","childItems":[{"itemId":"505E0D5ED365817E688F941","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"In the Middle East during neolithic times, the development of farming brought about","correctAnswerText":"the establishment of permanent settlements","incorrectText1":"a return to a nomadic lifestyle","incorrectText2":"the rise of hunting as an important occupation","incorrectText3":"increased dependence on the exportation of oil"},{"itemId":"0590E96F489D8A3AEB2D497","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"One result of the Neolithic Revolution was","correctAnswerText":"the establishment of villages and the rise of governments","incorrectText1":"an increase in the number of nomadic tribes","incorrectText2":"a reliance on hunting and gathering for food","incorrectText3":"a decrease in trade between cultural groups"},{"itemId":"3CDAAE2BFA5586F02728DAD","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Neolithic Revolution was characterized by the","correctAnswerText":"change from nomadic herding to settled farming","incorrectText1":"growth of iron toolmaking technology","incorrectText2":"migration of early peoples to the Americas","incorrectText3":"decline of large empires"},{"itemId":"E6F6B8A10BFEC57CF5FE223","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"What was an important result of the Neolithic Revolution?","correctAnswerText":"Food supplies became more reliable.","incorrectText1":"New sources of energy became available.","incorrectText2":"People became more nomadic.","incorrectText3":"Populations declined."},{"itemId":"704979472665B6DE8C45474","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During which period did the domestication of animals and growing of crops","correctAnswerText":"Neolithic Revolution","incorrectText1":"Iron Age","incorrectText2":"Old Stone Age","incorrectText3":"Scienti"},{"itemId":"4990DEB5F540A888FF6D41C","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Neolithic Revolution is considered a turning point in history because it","correctAnswerText":"included the domestication of plants and animals","incorrectText1":"encouraged a nomadic lifestyle","incorrectText2":"in uenced climatic changes","incorrectText3":"caused a decline in population"},{"itemId":"EF372BE593732B45B91C3B5","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The code of Hammurabi is an example of","correctAnswerText":"written rules for legal procedures","incorrectText1":"the power of strong kings to control trade","incorrectText2":"regulations on the way to conduct wars against neighboring nations","incorrectText3":"the power of a legislature to veto laws passed by absolute monarchs"},{"itemId":"0E003EE0E81B8FFA81864B2","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Code of Hammurabi was a major contribution to the development of civilization because it","correctAnswerText":"recorded existing laws for all to see","incorrectText1":"rejected the principle of","incorrectText2":"ended all physical punishment","incorrectText3":"treated citizens and slaves equally"},{"itemId":"0D3A59A68E617372B6ED76D","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A major result of the development of civilization in ancient Egypt was the","correctAnswerText":"establishment of trade routes between Egypt and other kingdoms","incorrectText1":"conquest and settlement of Western Europe by the Egyptian Empire","incorrectText2":"establishment of a democratic system of government in Egypt","incorrectText3":"decline of agriculture as an important occupation in Egypt"},{"itemId":"6693C9AFA165C78E67548D3","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"An immediate result of the fall of the Roman Empire was","correctAnswerText":"a period of disorder and weak central government","incorrectText1":"a renewed interest in education and the arts","incorrectText2":"an increase in trade and manufacturing","incorrectText3":"the growth of cities and dominance by the middle class"},{"itemId":"417067F5AF6EF07C32026B6","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"One reason North Korea has been the focus of worldwide attention in the mid-1990's is because of its","correctAnswerText":"nuclear weapons development programs","incorrectText1":"efforts to revive communism in Eastern Europe","incorrectText2":"development of a strong and expanding economy","incorrectText3":"commitment to increasing political freedoms"},{"itemId":"CDA8A835E25C872FB247A91","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"In the spring of 1998, which two nations caused world concern with their underground testing of nuclear weapons?","correctAnswerText":"India and Pakistan","incorrectText1":"Mexico and Chile","incorrectText2":"Germany and Cuba","incorrectText3":"Japan and Egypt"},{"itemId":"2C9E1142C53C426991879DA","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which concept is best illustrated by the formation of new nations from the areas of the former Soviet Union?","correctAnswerText":"self-determination","incorrectText1":"imperialism","incorrectText2":"nonalignment","incorrectText3":"utopianism"},{"itemId":"CC56F67903EC3F268731FCD","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Recent events in the former nations of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia reflect a nationalist trend of","correctAnswerText":"dividing nations along ethnic lines","incorrectText1":"supporting the development of a command economy","incorrectText2":"uniting nations with similar interests","incorrectText3":"encouraging multiethnic cooperation"},{"itemId":"5C76DF04EA71B16BEB88CE7","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"In the late 1990's, international demands to conduct trials for war crimes similar to those conducted at Nuremberg after World War II are responses to war crimes taking place in","correctAnswerText":"Bosnia","incorrectText1":"Poland","incorrectText2":"the Czech Republic","incorrectText3":"Russia"},{"itemId":"5658F4C018965BDD626AAC3","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which statement most accurately describes a cause of the Arab-Israeli conflict?","correctAnswerText":"Both sides have substantial claims to the disputed area.","incorrectText1":"The United States and the Soviet Union have refused to become involved in the conflict.","incorrectText2":"A full-scale war would probably solve the conflict.","incorrectText3":"When people with different religious beliefs live in the same area, war is inevitable."},{"itemId":"CAC9FCA3A085E1976BD3FB7","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which has been a major goal of both the Zionists and the Palestinian Arabs in the Middle East?","correctAnswerText":"to have their own independent country","incorrectText1":"to unite the Middle East under their religion","incorrectText2":"to improve their relations with the Soviet Union","incorrectText3":"to become leaders in the world economy"},{"itemId":"8143FE6E19FD884C10211F5","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"An accurate description of life in Japan today is that the Japanese people have","correctAnswerText":"blended traditional ways with Western ways to meet the needs of modern life","incorrectText1":"achieved their goal of a classless society in which all people benefit from economic progress.","incorrectText2":"isolated themselves from Western culture","incorrectText3":"remained a largely rural, agricultural society"},{"itemId":"AC89238C29346095149258C","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which is a major problem facing many developing nations today?","correctAnswerText":"adjusting traditional patterns to modernization","incorrectText1":"resolving con icts between church and state","incorrectText2":"gaining political independence from colonial powers","incorrectText3":"obtaining membership to the United Nations"},{"itemId":"15C6FE2DFDEA28988A385DB","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in the early 1990's, Russia has attempted to build an economic system based on","correctAnswerText":"a free-market system","incorrectText1":"the writings of Mao Zedong","incorrectText2":"the ideas of Marx and Lenin","incorrectText3":"a return to feudalism"},{"itemId":"FBACAA99FAD2E7C4A9EFCE0","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A major environmental problem affecting Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa, and Southeast Asia has been","correctAnswerText":"deforestation","incorrectText1":"air pollution","incorrectText2":"disposal of nuclear waste","incorrectText3":"acid rain"},{"itemId":"9C432CAC221857C0AB53E5F","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Acid rain damage, contamination from nuclear accidents, and deterioration of the Earth's ozone layer indicated a need for","correctAnswerText":"international cooperation and communication","incorrectText1":"nationalization of major industries","incorrectText2":"high tariffs and a favorable balance of trade","incorrectText3":"the elimination of fossil fuels"},{"itemId":"CEA5C6776C6DEDC16189641","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A major cause of the Russian Revolution of 1917 was the","correctAnswerText":"existence of sharp economic differences between social classes","incorrectText1":"marriage of Czar Nicholas II to a German princess","incorrectText2":"defeat of Germany in the Russian campaign","incorrectText3":"appeal of Marxism to the Russian nobility"},{"itemId":"C365A733A59834B767457AB","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A major cause of World War I was","correctAnswerText":"the existence of opposing alliances","incorrectText1":"a decline in the policy of imperialism","incorrectText2":"an increase in acts of aggression by England","incorrectText3":"the spread of communism throughout Europe"},{"itemId":"952D97F7FB2BA312F675AB3","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which is a valid conclusion based on a study of the Holocaust?","correctAnswerText":"Savage acts can be committed by an advanced society.","incorrectText1":"People should not become involved in partisan politics.","incorrectText2":"Military commanders cannot be held responsible for acts committed during wartime.","incorrectText3":"World opinion is effective in stopping genocide"},{"itemId":"53750ECDB1E37D9108E647E","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which was a characteristic of Germany under Adolf Hitler and the Soviet Union under Josef Stalin?","correctAnswerText":"governmental control of the media","incorrectText1":"the absence of a written constitution","incorrectText2":"public ownership of business and industry","incorrectText3":"an official foreign policy of isolationalism"},{"itemId":"CE18F81AC3C550E98E76665","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which is one major reason the Holocaust is considered a unique event in modern European history?","correctAnswerText":"The genocide was planned in great detail and required the cooperation of many people.","incorrectText1":"Adolph Hitler concealed his anti-Jewish feelings until after he came to power.","incorrectText2":"Civilians rarely were killed during air raids on Great Britain.","incorrectText3":"Jews of Europe have seldom been victims of persecution"},{"itemId":"480F9F01CD06B11B0A52FAA","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Holocaust is an example of","correctAnswerText":"violations of human rights","incorrectText1":"conflict between political parties","incorrectText2":"limited technological development","incorrectText3":"geography's influence on culture"},{"itemId":"26489F0B7FF210636369291","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which was a major justification used by Japan for empire building in the 1930's and 1940's?","correctAnswerText":"obtaining food and raw materials","incorrectText1":"spreading the Buddhist religion","incorrectText2":"promoting immigration of foreigners","incorrectText3":"revenging attacks by aggressive neighbors"},{"itemId":"7A598047F499164197C1D45","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During World War II, which event occurred last?","correctAnswerText":"United States bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki","incorrectText1":"Japanese invasion of Manchuria","incorrectText2":"Russian defense of Stalingrad","incorrectText3":"German invasion of Poland"},{"itemId":"2BC6F3A5600D2AF2A5E6B5E","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"One reason the Japanese followed a policy of expansionism before World War II was to gain","correctAnswerText":"additional natural resources","incorrectText1":"control of the Suez Canal","incorrectText2":"control of Tibet","incorrectText3":"warm-water ports"},{"itemId":"AA8819C7B6E2D8EA9DF7C5A","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which conflict is most closely associated with events in Nanjing, Dunkirk, and Hiroshima?","correctAnswerText":"World War II","incorrectText1":"Korean War","incorrectText2":"Russian Revolution","incorrectText3":"Cultural Revolution"},{"itemId":"B2AAB9063AAE492BB155D21","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The principal defense used by most Nazis tried at Nuremberg after World War II was that they had been","correctAnswerText":"following orders given by their superiors","incorrectText1":"serving the good of humanity","incorrectText2":"carrying out universal ethical principles","incorrectText3":"re ecting the popular will of their society"},{"itemId":"63FAA51A6CB3B010BD515E2","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which has been a characteristic of post-World War II Japan?","correctAnswerText":"development of close economic ties with the United States","incorrectText1":"return to an agrarian economy","incorrectText2":"formation of a strong military alliance with China","incorrectText3":"rise of a totalitarian government"},{"itemId":"91AEC6ECC42F9CFBAF2D82E","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Adolf Hitler was aided in his rise to power by the","correctAnswerText":"economic problems of post-World War I Germany","incorrectText1":"imperialist policy of the Welmar Republic","incorrectText2":"support of the Communist Party in Germany","incorrectText3":"support of the French government"},{"itemId":"044C214951535724EC8628E","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which situation best illustrates a policy of appeasement?","correctAnswerText":"Parts of Czechoslovakia were given to Nazi Germany to avoid war.","incorrectText1":"The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor.","incorrectText2":"The United States blockaded Cuba to force the Soviet Union to remove its missiles.","incorrectText3":"The United States sent troops to defend South Korea from invasion."},{"itemId":"158D3DCF02B9A9CAE58EEB0","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which statement best describes relations among the major powers during the period between World War I and World War II?","correctAnswerText":"National interests took priority over international interests.","incorrectText1":"The League of Nations was given the power to establish a strong multinational military force.","incorrectText2":"Major powers respected each other's territorial integrity.","incorrectText3":"Major powers followed foreign policies of international cooperation in order to insure peace."},{"itemId":"A6F6D22284500F7669FEB60","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"President Woodrow Wilson's ideals were best represented in the Treaty of Versailles in its provisions calling for the","correctAnswerText":"establishment of a general association of the world's nation","incorrectText1":"acceptance by Germany of full responsibility for World War I","incorrectText2":"payment of reparations to the Allies by Germany","incorrectText3":"division of German colonies among the Allies"},{"itemId":"13D6D1D1C1254636DCC3DA9","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"What was one reason the Nazi programs and policies of the early 1930's appealed to many people in Germany?","correctAnswerText":"The people were frustrated with their current economic and political situation.","incorrectText1":"Germany had been denied membership in the United Nations","incorrectText2":"A coup d'etat had forced communism on the German people.","incorrectText3":"The German people feared that the French or the British would soon gain control of the Polish corridor."},{"itemId":"FFE8E42FD591B0A5AFEA99F","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which practice was similar under the rule of the Bolsheviks in Russia and of the Nazi Party in Germany?","correctAnswerText":"limiting government opposition through intimidation and fear","incorrectText1":"establishing communism in their respective nations","incorrectText2":"permitting a series of multiparty elections","incorrectText3":"increasing the power of the middle class"},{"itemId":"429A54A19BE830810B8E4DF","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"On similarity between Otto von Bismarck and Adolf Hitler was that each","correctAnswerText":"used warfare as an instrument of national policy","incorrectText1":"formed an alliance with Japan during a world war","incorrectText2":"followed a policy of nonalignment in foreign affairs","incorrectText3":"supported communist affairs"},{"itemId":"49B7FA9A11DB9C3EC3474DA","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The end of the Cold War is best symbolized by the","correctAnswerText":"destruction of the Berlin Wall and the reunification of Germany","incorrectText1":"establishment of the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan","incorrectText2":"formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the European Common Market","incorrectText3":"withdrawal of United Nations forces from Sonalia and from Kuwait"},{"itemId":"F0D5E721A88D81AEFFA2839","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which policy shows that appeasement does not always prevent war?","correctAnswerText":"British policy toward Germany in Munich during the 1930's","incorrectText1":"French policy in Indochina in the 1950's","incorrectText2":"United States policy toward Cuba in the early 1960's","incorrectText3":"Iraqi policy toward Iran in the 1980's"},{"itemId":"DF1696A08548F469111D816","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which political development was the result of gradual rather than revolutionary change?","correctAnswerText":"English democracy","incorrectText1":"United States independence","incorrectText2":"communism in the Soviet Union","incorrectText3":"republican government in France"},{"itemId":"7D414191816D786B761A162","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The rise of democratic movements in Europe originated mainly from the","correctAnswerText":"desire of the majority to share in the privileges and responsibilities of the few","incorrectText1":"institution of new class systems based on ownership of land","incorrectText2":"need of the lower classes to protect the status quo from unwanted social changes","incorrectText3":"recognition that racial injustice had to be corrected"},{"itemId":"0EC93D1AF5BFE36BBF678D5","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Magna Carta, the Reform Bill of 1832, and the Parliament Act of 1911 were all steps by which Great Britain","correctAnswerText":"evolved toward democratic principles","incorrectText1":"extended British imperialism","incorrectText2":"created a classless society","incorrectText3":"promoted socialist policies"},{"itemId":"02562471838946FCB2B22E8","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Magna Carta was important to the development of democracy because it","correctAnswerText":"limited the power of the monarch","incorrectText1":"created a bicameral legislature","incorrectText2":"took land away from the nobles","incorrectText3":"extended the right to vote to peasants"},{"itemId":"CD3B6071754EC5D3D7325AA","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which is a valid conclusion about the development of democracy in Great Britain?","correctAnswerText":"The power of the monarchy declined over a long period of time.","incorrectText1":"Parliament's refusal to accept changes proposed by the monarchy prevented democratic reforms.","incorrectText2":"Political change occurred swiftly after the overthrow of the monarchy.","incorrectText3":"A socialistic government established a system of civil and political liberties."},{"itemId":"9502451C36473F768EDB925","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights are documents that","correctAnswerText":"limited the power of the monarch","incorrectText1":"established England as an independent state","incorrectText2":"intensified the con ict between church and state","incorrectText3":"decreased the wealth of the nobles"},{"itemId":"D5F53C3FB921FCB1A495EFD","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The immediate effect of both the Magna Carta and the Puritan Revolution on the English system of government was that","correctAnswerText":"the power of the monarch was limited","incorrectText1":"freedom of speech and press was guaranteed","incorrectText2":"religious toleration was promoted","incorrectText3":"the voting rights of all citizens were expanded"},{"itemId":"4413413BF30650D4FAB6DD6","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which was most highly valued by European intellectuals of the Age of Enlightenment?","correctAnswerText":"progress through the use of reason","incorrectText1":"obedience to traditional ways","incorrectText2":"loyalty to one's nation","incorrectText3":"strengthening of religious institutions"},{"itemId":"65F40A56CE61F391CB2B99B","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which group expressed the most organized opposition to the scienti","correctAnswerText":"clergy","incorrectText1":"merchants","incorrectText2":"peasants","incorrectText3":"political leaders"},{"itemId":"A3CCF471743C2AE6ED13853","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Intellectuals representative of the Enlightenment would most likely have","correctAnswerText":"believed that natural law gave order to their work","incorrectText1":"emphasized emotion rather than reason","incorrectText2":"built upon medieval thinking","incorrectText3":"stressed religious values in presenting their ideas"},{"itemId":"34E1A9896536478DC425819","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The most significant way in which the Renaissance in uenced the Reformation was in the Renaissance emphasis on","correctAnswerText":"encouraging a questioning attitude","incorrectText1":"supporting democratic forms of government","incorrectText2":"stressing the importance of life after death","incorrectText3":"questioning the existence of God"},{"itemId":"4E8D462CAFCD1490F81523B","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Martin Luther's Ninety-five These were a call for","correctAnswerText":"reforms within the Roman Catholic Church","incorrectText1":"greater Papal authority","incorrectText2":"religious revolt against German princes","incorrectText3":"crusades to spread Christianity"},{"itemId":"205AF3761543E6083B952AE","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which was a result of the Protestant Reformation in Europe?","correctAnswerText":"The power of the Catholic Church in Europe was weakened.","incorrectText1":"The Catholic Church accepted the dominance of the new Protestant religions in Italy, France, and Germany.","incorrectText2":"Catholic Church leaders refused to make any changes in Church practices.","incorrectText3":"Spain became a predominately Protestant nation."},{"itemId":"7011B2F98D91FB5254C6BE6","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which factor helped most to bring about the Protestant Reformation?","correctAnswerText":"Kings and princes in northern Europe resented the power of the Catholic Church.","incorrectText1":"The exploration of the Americas led to the introduction of new religious ideas.","incorrectText2":"Islam was attracting many converts in western Europe.","incorrectText3":"The Catholic clergy had lost faith in their religion."},{"itemId":"D74CD5CB6BB5AFAD16AA2EC","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which statement best characterizes the Renaissance?","correctAnswerText":"Greater emphasis was placed on the development of human potential.","incorrectText1":"The rigid social class system established in medieval times was strengthened.","incorrectText2":"The Catholic Church banned painting and sculpture because they were considered to be too worldly.","incorrectText3":"The authority of the Catholic Church was expanded."},{"itemId":"71E921915BCAE82E8CBCAA0","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which movement helped most to reintroduce classic Greco-Roman ideas to Western culture?","correctAnswerText":"the Renaissance","incorrectText1":"the Commercial Revolution","incorrectText2":"the Protestant Reformation","incorrectText3":"the Enlightenment"},{"itemId":"F6A7CDC889845EFCA473040","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The humanists of the Renaissance differed from the traditional medieval philosophers in the humanists'","correctAnswerText":"emphasis on the importance of the individual","incorrectText1":"rejection of Christian principles","incorrectText2":"lack of interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture","incorrectText3":"interest in the spiritual life of people"},{"itemId":"12BFD9E1ACBCE1C80A32DC8","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During the Middle Ages, Europeans did not eat potatoes or corn because these vegetables","correctAnswerText":"had not yet been introduced to Europe from the New World","incorrectText1":"were forbidden by the Catholic Church for religious reasons","incorrectText2":"were believed to be poisonous","incorrectText3":"were too expensive to import from China"},{"itemId":"72AAFB54FA5F51AB6A7B2D4","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A direct result of the conquest of Tenochtitl","correctAnswerText":"fall of the Aztec Empire","incorrectText1":"establishment of Portuguese trade routes around Africa","incorrectText2":"conquest of the Kush Kingdom","incorrectText3":"expulsion of Jews and Muslims from Spain"},{"itemId":"A27A2022E89F358521C9F32","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"In 1453, the Ottoman Empire rose to power by defeating the","correctAnswerText":"Byzantine Empire","incorrectText1":"Holy Roman Empire","incorrectText2":"European crusaders","incorrectText3":"Mongol invaders"},{"itemId":"FCBA0A6269D9FF60BF0FDC4","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During the 20th century, imperialism has been practiced by communist, fascist, and democratic nations. This fact clearly indicates that","correctAnswerText":"imperialism results from an emphasis upon national self-interest","incorrectText1":"imperialism provides a means of helping emerging nations","incorrectText2":"most nations welcome imperialistic intervention in their a","incorrectText3":"imperialism is generally practiced by only the strongest nations"},{"itemId":"D9A44FF652943D7CAFE13EF","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During the 19th century, Western nations were able to gain control over parts of China mainly because","correctAnswerText":"China lacked the military technology needed to stop these ventures","incorrectText1":"the Chinese had a strong tradition of non-violence","incorrectText2":"China was promised aid for its industries","incorrectText3":"the Chinese lacked a strong cultural identity"},{"itemId":"D416202917697470C5BED9D","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Just prior to World War I, the nations of Europe believed that the balance of power could best be maintained by","correctAnswerText":"a system of alliances","incorrectText1":"an international court","incorrectText2":"increases in tari","incorrectText3":"open agreements, openly arrived at"},{"itemId":"CE5F5661140D1A23ED3887D","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which situation resulted from the Russo-Japanese War of 1905?","correctAnswerText":"Dissident groups challenged the power of the Russian Czar.","incorrectText1":"Russia gained control of China and Japan.","incorrectText2":"The Japanese Emperor encouraged reforms in Russia.","incorrectText3":"Japan lost its status as a world power."},{"itemId":"74B005AB720D766413C3A1D","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"What was one effect of the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)?","correctAnswerText":"Japan emerged as a major world power.","incorrectText1":"Russia formed a military alliance with Japan.","incorrectText2":"Czar Nicholas II gained power in Russia.","incorrectText3":"Korea gained its independence."},{"itemId":"069012B8A201436CC2A45C0","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"In Japanese history, what was the impact of the Meiji Restoration (1868{1912)?","correctAnswerText":"Contact with Western nations encouraged Japan to industrialize.","incorrectText1":"Japan adopted an isolationist policy.","incorrectText2":"Chinese in uence on Japanese literature and the arts was limited.","incorrectText3":"Japan adopted a feudal society."},{"itemId":"0012CE8E3177E6A784F6817","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese began to modernize their country primarily to","correctAnswerText":"compete with Western powers","incorrectText1":"introduce Eastern religions to Japan","incorrectText2":"reemphasize traditional values","incorrectText3":"isolate their people from foreign in uences"},{"itemId":"36EA4B6133D1429285F51B2","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which was the main reason for the decline of the Manchu Dynasty in 19th-century China?","correctAnswerText":"In preserving Chinese traditions, the Manchus did not provide for change.","incorrectText1":"Social mobility was not possible for most Chinese.","incorrectText2":"The Manchus concentrated on promoting the opium trade.","incorrectText3":"Few Chinese were adequately trained for government positions."},{"itemId":"DE7EC45CA3CF98D61FFCA38","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which two forces were most powerful in the 19th-century Western Europe?","correctAnswerText":"nationalism and liberalism","incorrectText1":"fascism and socialism","incorrectText2":"absolutionism and mercantilism","incorrectText3":"classicism and humanism"},{"itemId":"0497613A29DE1E26D0BC517","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which was most responsible for the rapid economic growth of New York City during the 19th century?","correctAnswerText":"rise of domestic and foreign commerce","incorrectText1":"presence of the New York Stock Exchange","incorrectText2":"rise of urban mass transportation","incorrectText3":"migration of blacks from the rural south"},{"itemId":"FC087719DA062A0BE13B179","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Both the Taiping Rebellion and the Boxer Rebellion attempted to rid China of","correctAnswerText":"foreign domination","incorrectText1":"Mongol control","incorrectText2":"illegal drug tra","incorrectText3":"communist in uence"},{"itemId":"238962E629CF220BF9734DC","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The primary ideas that were the basis of the 19th-century independence movements in Latin America came from the","correctAnswerText":"French Revolution","incorrectText1":"Spanish monarchy","incorrectText2":"Russian Revolution","incorrectText3":"Reformation"},{"itemId":"399DAE238727C679223D601","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which statement best describes South Korea since the end of the Korean War?","correctAnswerText":"Major industrial development has occurred.","incorrectText1":"The country has experienced a marked decline in the standard of living.","incorrectText2":"A communist government has been established.","incorrectText3":"The population has shifted from urban to rural areas."},{"itemId":"D6772582410821846FE8C8C","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The main reason the United Nations sent troops to Korea in 1950 was to","correctAnswerText":"prevent North Korea from conquering the people of South Korea","incorrectText1":"force the inspection of nuclear weapons plants in North Korea","incorrectText2":"restore peace between warring factions of Buddhism and Shinto","incorrectText3":"ensure that food reached areas of the Korean Peninsula affected by the famine"},{"itemId":"4D8C77AB0274EC82591A4E5","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which source would be most helpful in finding information about the topography of Vietnam?","correctAnswerText":"an atlas of Southeast Asia","incorrectText1":"the memoirs of a Vietnam War veteran","incorrectText2":"a Department of State bulletin describing the diplomatic affairs of European nations in Southeast Asia","incorrectText3":"a history text describing United States involvement in Southeast Asia"},{"itemId":"8E68A2A64FE52E7F2B7E9BC","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A major result of the Vietnam War was the passage of Federal legislation providing for","correctAnswerText":"limitations on the President's power to use military force without Congressional approval","incorrectText1":"the adoption of a policy of neutrality toward nations involved in civil war","incorrectText2":"immediate cancellation of foreign aid to unfriendly nations","incorrectText3":"automatic suspension of diplomatic relations with nations committing hostile acts toward the United States"},{"itemId":"0D0DBC15EF4E905FD3ADBCB","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"United States participation in the undeclared war in Vietnam during the 1960's and 1970's raised a serious question in the United States about the","correctAnswerText":"authority of the President to make war","incorrectText1":"loyalty of United States military commanders","incorrectText2":"intervention of the Supreme Court in matters of national security","incorrectText3":"ability of Congress to finance a war"},{"itemId":"977E07CA5F44B94BC136799","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"From the perspective of the North Vietnamese, the war in Vietnam in the 1960's was a battle between","correctAnswerText":"nationalism and imperialism","incorrectText1":"fascism and liberalism","incorrectText2":"republicanism and totalitarianism","incorrectText3":"theocracy and monarchy"},{"itemId":"2D0D685ADF22D9898C98347","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A major development in relations between the Soviet Union and the United States occurred in the late 1980's when the two nations agreed to","correctAnswerText":"eliminate a group of nuclear missiles","incorrectText1":"ban arms sales to developing nations","incorrectText2":"withdraw from the United Nations","incorrectText3":"purchase all their oil from Mexico"},{"itemId":"156E9B84CC7A295642877DD","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which statement about the spread of nuclear weapons is a fact rather than an opinion?","correctAnswerText":"The United States and Russia signed the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaties during the 1970s.","incorrectText1":"The spread of nuclear weapons was a smaller problem in the 1990s than it was in the 1970s.","incorrectText2":"Nations possessing nuclear weapons should not have to limit the production of weapons.","incorrectText3":"Only developing nations are concerned about the spread of nuclear weapons."},{"itemId":"1F648AD2CDE6FB9E64535AC","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Between the years 1911 and 1949, China was experiencing a state of","correctAnswerText":"political strife","incorrectText1":"religious upheaval","incorrectText2":"colonial expansion","incorrectText3":"economic stability"},{"itemId":"DDC1128E0B3532D879D510F","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which statement about the spread of communism since World War II is most accurate?","correctAnswerText":"Armed revolution and Soviet intervention have been the main ways in which communism has expanded.","incorrectText1":"Communist influence has been confirmed to European nations.","incorrectText2":"Most developing nations have Communist governments.","incorrectText3":"The Soviet Union continues to dominate all nations that refer to themselves as Socialist."},{"itemId":"051BF96B635E72B0A868B84","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Communist governments were established in most nations of Eastern Europe shortly after World War II because","correctAnswerText":"the Soviet Union used military and diplomatic pressures to install these governments","incorrectText1":"members of the Communist Party won free elections in these nations","incorrectText2":"Communist governments were able to significantly  increase agricultural productivity","incorrectText3":"the region had a long tradition of strong Communist parties"},{"itemId":"12E3CB3CBB467B7DE3391C5","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The expansion of communism into Eastern Europe was a direct result of","correctAnswerText":"World War II","incorrectText1":"the Crimean War","incorrectText2":"the Napoleonic Wars","incorrectText3":"World War I"},{"itemId":"4AD66D0629ED5D3D6E825A0","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The division of Korea in 1945 and of Vietnam in 1954 are decisions which were","correctAnswerText":"worked out as compromise political solutions reflected Cold War realities","incorrectText1":"based on the principles of national self-determination","incorrectText2":"reached by Korea and by Vietnam without the interference of other nations","incorrectText3":"made as direct results of popular elections"},{"itemId":"2079494929F2CE46C4FA20D","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During the 1980's in the Soviet Union, a major element of the economic policy of perestroika was","correctAnswerText":"more reliance on local and regional decision-making","incorrectText1":"increased collectivization of farms","incorrectText2":"the expanded use of national five-year plans","incorrectText3":"an emphasis on the redistribution of wealth"},{"itemId":"B345BDB0F3625D4C0B97457","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During the 1980's, the Soviet Union experimented with modifications of its command economy by","correctAnswerText":"introducing some market economy strategies","incorrectText1":"eliminating central planning","incorrectText2":"allowing private ownership of major industries","incorrectText3":"legalizing independent trade unions"},{"itemId":"4BDAC9312642F3576EE4F67","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"One similarity between the feudal manors of Europe and the traditional villages of India is that","correctAnswerText":"peasants were seldom able to change their social status","incorrectText1":"women dominated the political decisions of the local councils","incorrectText2":"children could choose from a number of different occupations","incorrectText3":"monarchs exerted absolute power over local governments"},{"itemId":"407B78C3A60E280883B0404","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The caste system is still practiced in India today primarily because it is","correctAnswerText":"encouraged by village customs and traditions","incorrectText1":"enforced by the military","incorrectText2":"supported by Christian and Muslim teachings","incorrectText3":"mandated by law"},{"itemId":"5EF30B4F5D6B16303847981","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"From the perspective of the North Vietnamese, the war in Vietnam in the 1960's was a battle between","correctAnswerText":"nationalism and imperialism","incorrectText1":"fascism and liberalism","incorrectText2":"republicanism and totalitarianism","incorrectText3":"theocracy and monarchy"},{"itemId":"FEB3068F040D90B13451B38","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Within their respective nations, both Ho Chi Minh and Fidel Castro achieved their goals by","correctAnswerText":"using armed conflict to bring a communist government to power","incorrectText1":"seeking aid and support from the European Union","incorrectText2":"following a policy of nonalignment","incorrectText3":"working to build a capitalist system"},{"itemId":"5D1580C08F40534C25E02AA","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"During the 1960's and 1970's, the primary reason for United States involvement in Southeast Asia was to","correctAnswerText":"stop the spread of communism","incorrectText1":"gain new markets for exports","incorrectText2":"search for new sources of oil","incorrectText3":"look for new colonies"},{"itemId":"2E8B318BB4F85296EAE13F2","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":". . . and in the actions of men, and especially of princes, . . . the end justifies the means.  Which philosopher most likely wrote this statement?","correctAnswerText":"Niccolo Machiavelli","incorrectText1":"Baron de Montesquieu","incorrectText2":"Voltaire","incorrectText3":"John Locke"},{"itemId":"B29337CDFB4AAFEDCBAD43D","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which aspect of life in India demonstrates the influence of the British colonial period?","correctAnswerText":"constitutional government","incorrectText1":"arranged marriages","incorrectText2":"religious tradition of Hinduism","incorrectText3":"caste system"},{"itemId":"F029205F119337512ABE7DC","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which type of political system did V. I. Lenin, Adolf Hitler, and Benito Mussolini establish in their countries?","correctAnswerText":"totalitarianism","incorrectText1":"constitutional monarchy","incorrectText2":"representative democracy","incorrectText3":"theocracy"},{"itemId":"5013E878E2E3AEB81443DB6","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The Holocaust is an example of","correctAnswerText":"violations of human rights","incorrectText1":"conflict between political parties","incorrectText2":"limited technological development","incorrectText3":"geography's influence on culture"},{"itemId":"94DEC9E1485B4F9B1D74A58","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The code of Hammurabi is an example of","correctAnswerText":"written rules for legal procedures","incorrectText1":"the power of strong kings to control trade","incorrectText2":"regulations on the way to conduct wars against neighboring nations","incorrectText3":"the power of a legislature to veto laws passed by absolute monarchs"},{"itemId":"67D487100F2442BE90CB348","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"One reason the Soviet Union formed the Warsaw Pact was to","correctAnswerText":"limit the threat of invasion from Western Europe","incorrectText1":"ease the transition to democracy","incorrectText2":"help institute capitalism in Eastern Europe","incorrectText3":"challenge the economic successes of the Common Market"},{"itemId":"293437D27A64E418AD11D3A","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The initial reaction of the Russian Government to the fighting that broke out in Chechnya in the 1990's demonstrated that Russia","correctAnswerText":"is unwilling to grant independence to dissenting ethnic groups","incorrectText1":"has little control over its arsenal of nuclear weapons","incorrectText2":"will defend its remaining republics against foreign invasion","incorrectText3":"favors reestablishing communism"},{"itemId":"747CD03D5D6A379BFC1885E","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The strong showing by the Communist Party in the Russian Presidential election of 1996 suggests that large numbers of Russian people","correctAnswerText":"feared continuing economic instability and high inflation","incorrectText1":"favored a return to Stalin�s policy of imprisoning dissidents","incorrectText2":"wanted the Russian Orthodox Church to play a larger role in government","incorrectText3":"supported a return to isolationist policies"},{"itemId":"D78785A7691DC2EEDFF6531","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"One result of the collaspe of the Soviet Union has been that","correctAnswerText":"ethnic violence has broken out in some regions","incorrectText1":"some former republics have recognized the Warsaw Pact","incorrectText2":"an era of peace and stability has emerged in most of the former republics","incorrectText3":"the republics have made an easy transition to a market economy"},{"itemId":"193FDE6A9A3B013BF4190E2","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Censorship, mass arrests, and a secret police force are most characteristic of","correctAnswerText":"totalitarian regimes","incorrectText1":"parliamentary democracies","incorrectText2":"republics","incorrectText3":"constitutional monarchies"},{"itemId":"6AF571487CC7F0446D4092B","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"In many Latin American nations, the leadership roles assumed by the military and by the Roman Catholic Church evolved from","correctAnswerText":"Spanish colonial rule","incorrectText1":"Native American beliefs","incorrectText2":"the development of the triangular trade","incorrectText3":"the effects of matriarchal societies"},{"itemId":"5015E43AA5E4792D9B330BA","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which situation followed both the Cuban Revolution (1959) and the Nicaraguan Revolution (1979)?","correctAnswerText":"A Marxist government assumed power and promised to improve living standards of the people.","incorrectText1":"The role of religion was reemphasized.","incorrectText2":"Individual rights were guaranteed under constitutional democracies.","incorrectText3":"Relations with the United States improved immediately."},{"itemId":"4369BEDBCA5EBEE0EF79380","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"A major problem facing many Central American nations is that their nation's wealth is","correctAnswerText":"controlled by a small group of landed elite","incorrectText1":"generally invested in consumer industries","incorrectText2":"distributed throughout the large middle class","incorrectText3":"held mainly by government agencies"},{"itemId":"8A4398E0F261FD1F0B739EC","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"Which type of government has resulted from the changing political trends in much of Latin America during the 1990's?","correctAnswerText":"democracy","incorrectText1":"monarchy","incorrectText2":"military junta","incorrectText3":"fascism"},{"itemId":"B71ED8C349CF1A3FF492CC0","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"In Latin America during the 1960's and 1970's, which group became increasingly active in promoting human rights?","correctAnswerText":"Roman Catholic clergy","incorrectText1":"wealthy landholders","incorrectText2":"successful industrialists","incorrectText3":"military leaders"},{"itemId":"1A506D3698946A2277FE798","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"In Iran, the Revolution of 1979 and the rise of Islamic fundamentalism have resulted in","correctAnswerText":"a return to many traditional customs","incorrectText1":"an increase in women's rights","incorrectText2":"the westernization and modernization of the nation","incorrectText3":"the introduction of a democratic form of government"},{"itemId":"212B209E63A2576FABDFE6C","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The conflict between Israel and the Arab nations since 1948 was often considered part of the Cold War primarily because","correctAnswerText":"the United States supported Israel and the Soviet Union supported several Arab nations","incorrectText1":"the policy of detente evolved from this conflict","incorrectText2":"communist governments were established in many Arab nations","incorrectText3":"the leadership of Joseph Stalin strongly influenced the policies of Saddam Hussein"},{"itemId":"0CD036C664A16DB89F1A973","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The major goal of many minority groups, such as the Kurds, Tamils, and Sikhs, is to","correctAnswerText":"obtain self-rule and economic control of a homeland","incorrectText1":"establish a multicultural state","incorrectText2":"install Christianity as the state religion","incorrectText3":"acquire economic aid from the World Bank"},{"itemId":"AB0CA785320AA3AB01B9E14","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"The primary goal of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) has been to","correctAnswerText":"establish and independent state for Palestinian Arabs","incorrectText1":"settle disputes between Shiite and Sunni Muslims","incorrectText2":"control the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)","incorrectText3":"seize control of the Suez Canal"},{"itemId":"0EC148754DCBCE1AA245DCD","itemType":"BT_quizQuestion","questionText":"One way in which the European Crusades, the Age of Exploration, and the Islamic Revolution in Iran were similar is that during each period","correctAnswerText":"religion played an important role in political events","incorrectText1":"imperialism led to an increase in traditional values","incorrectText2":"self-determination encouraged policies of home rule","incorrectText3":"weak central governments led to a return to feudalism"}]},
{
"itemId": "696B01701D0402BD0916AA4",
"itemType": "BTA_design_menu",
"itemNickname": "Home",
"navBarTitleText": "Home",
"backgroundImageNameSmallDevice": "gold-platter1.jpg",
"backgroundImageNameLargeDevice": "gold-platter1.jpg",
"backgroundImageScale": "fullScreen",
"searchdesignMenu": "1",
"listIconLeftSmallDevice": "25",
"listIconTopSmallDevice": "5",
"listIconHeightSmallDevice": "30",
"listIconWidthSmallDevice": "30",
"listIconLeftLargeDevice": "50",
"listIconTopLargeDevice": "5",
"listIconHeightLargeDevice": "30",
"listIconWidthLargeDevice": "30",
"headerImageNameSmallDevice": "empty_header.png",
"headerImageNameLargeDevice": "empty_header.png",
"headerImageHeightSmallDevice": "200",
"headerImageWidthSmallDevice": "320",
"headerImageScrollWithList": "1",
"headerImageHeightLargeDevice": "600",
"headerImageWidthLargeDevice": "1000",
"listTitleFontColor": "#000000",
"listRowHeightSmallDevice": "50",
"listTitleLeftSmallDevice": "100",
"listTitleTopSmallDevice": "17",
"listTitleHeightSmallDevice": "20",
"listTitleWidthSmallDevice": "200",
"listTitleNOLSmallDevice": "1",
"listTitleFontSizeSmallDevice": "18",
"listDescriptionFontSizeSmallDevice": "1",
"cellBackgroundSmallDevice": "goldrow copy.png",
"listCBGLeftSmallDevice": "40",
"listCBGTopSmallDevice": "0",
"listCBGHeightSmallDevice": "50",
"listCBGWidthSmallDevice": "100",
"listRowHeightLargeDevice": "50",
"listTitleLeftLargeDevice": "300",
"listTitleTopLargeDevice": "17",
"listTitleHeightLargeDevice": "20",
"listTitleWidthLargeDevice": "200",
"listTitleNOLLargeDevice": "1",
"listTitleFontSizeLargeDevice": "18",
"listDescriptionFontFamilyLargeDevice": "1",
"cellBackgroundLargeDevice": "goldrow.png",
"listCBGLeftLargeDevice": "0",
"listCBGTopLargeDevice": "0",
"listCBGHeightLargeDevice": "50",
"listCBGWidthLargeDevice": "700",
"childItems": [
{
"itemId": "B4245BA6FCDE9C9D020C802",
"itemType": "BT_designmenuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "093EC62F8EE8C5E590A85C1",
"iconName": "display.png",
"transitionType": "curl",
"titleText": "Presentations Menu"
},
{
"itemId": "05C64E3911134AE264E646E",
"itemType": "BT_designmenuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "989CA14E3554BB0EB1E1515",
"iconName": "star.png",
"titleText": "Interactive Quizzes"
},
{
"itemId": "0BD62EDB9481C850AA91327",
"itemType": "BT_designmenuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "9776802119AAE12DD3C38E3",
"iconName": "toolbox.png",
"transitionType": "curl",
"titleText": "Class Tools"
},
{
"itemId": "94BF49DBBEA830D35A1344E",
"itemType": "BT_designmenuItem",
"loadScreenWithItemId": "E964094E3108B43EEBED585",
"iconName": "more.png",
"transitionType": "cube",
"titleText": "More"
}
]
},
{"navBarTitleText":"testing","dataURL":"https:\/\/www.buzztouch.com\/applications072212\/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0\/documents\/customHTML_E0812D9DA6A9866F874D5F7.html","itemId":"E0812D9DA6A9866F874D5F7","itemType":"BT_screen_customHTML","itemNickname":"testing"},
{"navBarTitleText":"GH Regents 1","productID":"globalhistoryregentsbuddy.ghregents1","productScreenNickname":"GHRegents1json","productImageURL":"https:\/\/www.buzztouch.com\/applications072212\/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0\/images\/photo.PNG","errorAlertMessage":"We are having trouble reaching iTunes.","scrollersEnabled":"yes","buyButtonBGURL":"https:\/\/www.buzztouch.com\/applications072212\/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0\/images\/iconmonstr-star-7-icon-48.png","itemId":"8C032F88A9B6C1142BC7B2A","itemType":"Easy_in_app_purchase","itemNickname":"GH Regents 1"},
{"navBarTitleText":"New Regents Exams","itemId":"C776AF9B8A07AD3CB27C0BC","itemType":"BT_screen_menuListSimple","itemNickname":"New Regents Exams",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"AA987D60C6D09AB5C25EA09", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"8C032F88A9B6C1142BC7B2A","titleText":"Buy GH Regents Exam 1.0" , "transitionType":"flip" , "rowAccessoryType":"details" }]},
{"navBarTitleText":"test","itemId":"539681F8B15371BB86CE338","itemType":"Cr_html_pro","itemNickname":"test",
"childItems":[]},
{"navBarTitleText":"test","labelLogInId":"Email:","labelPassword":"Password:","itemId":"A56C2B44E722670147EB0BC","itemType":"BT_screen_settingsLogIn","itemNickname":"test"},
{"itemId":"DD6F6F59F4274B8D49D2009", "itemType":"BT_screen_menuListSimple", "itemNickname":"Class Tools", "navBarTitleText":"Class Tools", "listBackgroundColor":"#FFFFFF", "listRowBackgroundColor":"#000000", "listTitleFontColor":"#FFFFFF", "listStyle":"round",
"childItems": [{"itemId":"34CF930381C96445368FAA0", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"967EE61D24EC473157CDE44","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Notepad Feature"},
{"itemId":"756E13AD930644EE38EBB3C", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"8AB4513D1DA723639ED70C7","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Timer"},
{"itemId":"0F01EE6BC08BA7CE2B77F95", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"E624D05E18CF19254596CFA","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Lecture Snapshot"},
{"itemId":"B57C93821A4BB42ADD6F572", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"09332BEB4A2C80D886E29D6","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Record and Play"},
{"itemId":"036E010AA048E6EED2942D7", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"A8316ADB0E8BFBC2B99BED7","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Drawing Feature"},
{"itemId":"1AF82C8530FD11C50601A63", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"7FDDA63334FB416CCE6268D","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Add Study Buddy Contact Info"}]},
{"itemId":"11111141C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"Rise of Civilization Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"Rise of Civilization Quiz","number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/Rise_of_Civilizationques1.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},

{"itemId":"22222241C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"Revolution__Democracy Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"Revolution__Democracy Quiz", "number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/Revolution__Democracy.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},


{"itemId":"133333341C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"Middle Ages Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"Middle Ages Quiz", "number_of_answers":"4","number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/middle%20ages.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},


{"itemId":"1444444441C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"Renaissance Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"Renaissance Quiz","number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/Renaissance.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},



{"itemId":"5555551141C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"Modern World Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"Modern World Quiz","number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/Modern%20America%20and%20the%20World%20Wars.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},


{"itemId":"16666666141C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"Cold War Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"Cold War Quiz","number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/coldwar.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},


{"itemId":"1777777141C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"Current Affairs Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"Current Affairs Quiz","number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/currentaffairs%20ques.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},


{"itemId":"8888888141C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"American Affairs Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"American Affairs Quiz","number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/americanaffairsques.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},

{"itemId":"9999999141C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"Regional Affairs Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"Regional Affairs Quiz","number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/regional%20issues.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},


{"itemId":"1010101010141C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"Economics Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"Economics Quiz","number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/gheconomicsques.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},

{"itemId":"121212121241C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"Systems of Govt Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"Systems of Govt Quiz","number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/systemsofgov.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},

{"itemId":"13131313131341C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"Historical Figures Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"Historical Figures Quiz","number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/historicalfigures.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},

{"itemId":"14141414141C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"Historical Comparisons Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"Historical Comparisons Quiz","number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/historicalcomparisons.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},

{"itemId":"151515151541C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"Culture Religion Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"Culture Religion Quiz","number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/cultureandreligionques.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},

{"itemId":"161616161616141C681C8C038D08C43", "itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz", "itemNickname":"Geography Quiz", "navBarTitleText":"Geography Quiz","number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"buttonsAutomaticTransitions": "2",
"incorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerAutomaticSeconds": "10",
"incorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#FF0000",
"incorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"showBackgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "0",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingColor": "#00FF00",
"backgroundCorrectAnswerTappingSeconds": "2",
"secondsToDisappear": "4",
"pointsToLose": "1",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "0",
"delay_between_questions": "2",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_questionNumber": "0",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4", "question_background_color":"#000000", "enableGameCenter":"1", "GCleaderBoardID":"0004", "share_via_email":"1", "emailScoreSubject":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "emailScoreMessage":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmFB":"1", "tmFBText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "share_via_tmTWT":"1", "tmTWTText":"Global History Regents Buddy Quiz Score!", "dataURL":"https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/geographyques.txt", "text_just":"left", "font_color_question":"#FFFFFF", "includeAds":"0", "backgroundImageURLSmallDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageURLLargeDevice":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/apps/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg", "backgroundImageScale":"fullScreen", "audioFileURL":"https://sites.google.com/a/frederickferaco.com/docs/appdocs/MotivationSuccessMain.wav", "audioNumberOfLoops":"3", "audioStopsOnScreenExit":"1",
"childItems":[

]},

{"itemId":"D5D6497E491DF6E3853A1C9", "itemType":"BT_screen_menuListSimple", "itemNickname":"Interactive Quizzes", "navBarTitleText":"Interactive Quizzes", "listBackgroundColor":"#FFFFFF", "listRowBackgroundColor":"#000000", "listTitleFontColor":"#FFFFFF", "listStyle":"round",
"childItems": [{"itemId":"B3E5AAE4A1CA968CA7DF372", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"11111141C681C8C038D08C43","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Rise of Civilization Quiz"},
{"itemId":"2F10F53750F5F091EF6C938", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"22222241C681C8C038D08C43", "titleText":"Revolution, Democracy Quiz", "rowAccessoryType":"none"},
{"itemId":"FD8861634A41BFF1B2B808E", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"133333341C681C8C038D08C43","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Middle Ages Quiz"},
{"itemId":"0C10097C2B965B97BDA02C5", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"1444444441C681C8C038D08C43","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Renaissance Quiz"},
{"itemId":"5C50AA8F11EA209BEBC6611", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"5555551141C681C8C038D08C43","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Modern World Quiz"},
{"itemId":"792EC39C6EA6EF7CFB5FF1C", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"16666666141C681C8C038D08C43","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Cold War Quiz"},
{"itemId":"B793312AD6BB4DAD240E4AF", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"1777777141C681C8C038D08C43","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Current Affairs Quiz"},
{"itemId":"C25F5B1F74132F07FD300F6", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"8888888141C681C8C038D08C43","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"American Affairs"},
{"itemId":"52A5CB922034511CF029C6B", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"9999999141C681C8C038D08C43","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Regional Affairs Quiz"},
{"itemId":"6D605E5E89E9F3C08FFB3BD", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"1010101010141C681C8C038D08C43","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Economics Quiz"},
{"itemId":"A7E5710D0D4A14AA4B63875", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"121212121241C681C8C038D08C43","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Systems of Govt Quiz"},
{"itemId":"69F8DEF0CFBBC6C7F17E2D0", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"13131313131341C681C8C038D08C43","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Historical Figures"},
{"itemId":"1111111F0CFBBC6C7F17E2D0", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"151515151541C681C8C038D08C43","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Culture and Religion Quiz"},
{"itemId":"2222222233F0CFBBC6C7F17E2D0", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"161616161616141C681C8C038D08C43","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Culture and Religion Quiz"},
{"itemId":"F0FE2541EB0E94FC42932A4", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"14141414141C681C8C038D08C43","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Historical Comparisons"}]},
{"navBarTitleText":"Tools menu simple"},
{"itemId":"E90C38EE5F554CA94A8FCD6","itemType":"BT_screen_menuListSimple", "itemNickname":"More Menu", "navBarTitleText":"More Menu", "listBackgroundColor":"#FFFFFF", "listRowBackgroundColor":"#000000", "listTitleFontColor":"#FFFFFF", "listStyle":"round",
"childItems": [{"itemId":"B752F7C15408B6B0CAEE89F", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"F711CE9B878F5693703082C","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Video playlists"},
{"itemId":"5F7E781F2D558EF8EF256A5", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"1DF7AA307F884333F1260F1","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"News Menu"},
{"itemId":"1154EFA7D7A8E2A49276C9B", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"E269559C1261D327B7A552A","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Regents Exam Menu"},

{"itemId":"562878356A451887375DDA0", "itemType":"CV_menuItem", "loadScreenWithItemId":"7BCFD6133BD9583B16AA6BA","rowAccessoryType":"none", "titleText":"Email Us"}]},
{
"itemId": "DCDCE068EC30F4ABED76519",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "GHRegents1json",
"navBarTitleText": "Interactive GH Regents",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "20",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "1",
"button_color_correct": "#00FFFF",
"button_color_incorrect": "#FF0000",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "5",
"question_background_color": "#000000",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableGameCenter": "1",
"GCleaderBoardID": "0005",
"share_via_email": "1",
"emailScoreSubject": "GH Regents Score",
"share_via_tmFB": "1",
"tmFBText": "This is my score on the Interactive GH Regents 1",
"share_via_tmTWT": "1",
"dataURL": "https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/ghregent1.txt",
"text_just": "center",
"font_color_question": "#FFFFFF",
"correct_sound": "right.mp3",
"incorrect_sound": "sosumi.mp3",
"includeAds": "0",
"backgroundImageURLSmallDevice": "https://buzztouchmods.com/hosted/feracom/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg",
"backgroundImageURLLargeDevice": "https://buzztouchmods.com/hosted/feracom/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg",
"backgroundImageScale": "fullScreen",
"audioFileName": "MotivationSuccessMain.wav",
"audioNumberOfLoops": "3",
"audioStopsOnScreenExit": "1",
"childItems": []
},
{"navBarTitleText":"Buy GH Regents 3","productID":"globalhistoryregentsbuddy.ghregents3","productScreenNickname":"GHRegents3","productImageURL":"https:\/\/www.buzztouch.com\/applications072212\/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0\/images\/photo 2.PNG","displayRestoreButton":"yes","itemId":"8E867848884BCE3C10AAC4B","itemType":"Easy_in_app_purchase","itemNickname":"Buy GH Regents 3"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Buy GH Regents 2","productID":"globalhistoryregentsbuddy.ghregents2","productScreenNickname":"GHRegents2","displayRestoreButton":"yes","itemId":"B05B41CDFC44DBC00433C33","itemType":"Easy_in_app_purchase","itemNickname":"Buy GH Regents 2"},
{"navBarTitleText":"Buy GH Regents 4","productID":"globalhistoryregentsbuddy.ghregents4","productScreenNickname":"GHRegents4","productImageURL":"https:\/\/www.buzztouch.com\/applications072212\/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0\/images\/photo 3.PNG","displayRestoreButton":"yes","itemId":"E870BE0221A91B84E1854D0","itemType":"Easy_in_app_purchase","itemNickname":"Buy GH Regents 4"},
{
"itemId": "2C31E4C041462A5C227E3CE",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "GHRegents2",
"navBarTitleText": "GH Regents 2",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "1",
"button_color_correct": "#00FFFF",
"button_color_incorrect": "#FF0000",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",
"question_background_color": "#000000",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableGameCenter": "1",
"GCleaderBoardID": "0005",
"share_via_email": "1",
"emailScoreSubject": "GH Regents Score",
"share_via_tmFB": "1",
"tmFBText": "This is my score on the Interactive GH Regents 2",
"share_via_tmTWT": "1",
"dataURL": "https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/ghregents2.txt",
"text_just": "center",
"font_color_question": "#FFFFFF",
"correct_sound": "right.mp3",
"incorrect_sound": "sosumi.mp3",
"includeAds": "0",
"backgroundImageURLSmallDevice": "https://buzztouchmods.com/hosted/feracom/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg",
"backgroundImageURLLargeDevice": "https://buzztouchmods.com/hosted/feracom/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg",
"backgroundImageScale": "fullScreen",
"audioFileName": "MotivationSuccessMain.wav",
"audioNumberOfLoops": "3",
"audioStopsOnScreenExit": "1",
"childItems": []
},
{
"itemId": "B13B6F84E1F67D6CB3DBF22",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "GHRegents3",
"navBarTitleText": "GH Regents 3",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "1",
"button_color_correct": "#00FFFF",
"button_color_incorrect": "#FF0000",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",
"question_background_color": "#000000",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableGameCenter": "1",
"GCleaderBoardID": "0005",
"share_via_email": "1",
"emailScoreSubject": "GH Regents Score",
"share_via_tmFB": "1",
"tmFBText": "This is my score on the Interactive GH Regents 3",
"share_via_tmTWT": "1",
"dataURL": "https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/gh%20regents3.txt",
"text_just": "center",
"font_color_question": "#FFFFFF",
"correct_sound": "right.mp3",
"incorrect_sound": "sosumi.mp3",
"includeAds": "0",
"backgroundImageURLSmallDevice": "https://buzztouchmods.com/hosted/feracom/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg",
"backgroundImageURLLargeDevice": "https://buzztouchmods.com/hosted/feracom/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg",
"backgroundImageScale": "fullScreen",
"audioFileName": "MotivationSuccessMain.wav",
"audioNumberOfLoops": "3",
"audioStopsOnScreenExit": "1",
"childItems": []
},
{
"itemId": "23F95735B24584152262236",
"itemType": "NAD_advanced_quiz",
"itemNickname": "GHRegents4",
"navBarTitleText": "GH Regents 4",
"number_of_answers": "4",
"number_of_questions": "25",
"randomize_question_order": "1",
"show_correct_answers": "0",
"show_incorrect_answers": "1",
"button_color_correct": "#00FFFF",
"button_color_incorrect": "#FF0000",
"show_timer": "1",
"show_score_box": "1",
"points_per": "4",
"question_background_color": "#000000",
"button_color_answers": "#FFFFFF",
"enableGameCenter": "1",
"GCleaderBoardID": "0005",
"share_via_email": "1",
"emailScoreSubject": "GH Regents Score",
"share_via_tmFB": "1",
"tmFBText": "This is my score on the Interactive GH Regents 4",
"share_via_tmTWT": "1",
"dataURL": "https://www.buzztouch.com/applications072212/JAED12D5C9EC976CF049F4AD0/documents/ghregents4.txt",
"text_just": "center",
"font_color_question": "#FFFFFF",
"correct_sound": "right.mp3",
"incorrect_sound": "sosumi.mp3",
"includeAds": "0",
"backgroundImageURLSmallDevice": "https://buzztouchmods.com/hosted/feracom/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg",
"backgroundImageURLLargeDevice": "https://buzztouchmods.com/hosted/feracom/files/applications/EA23B80D26919AC0491C2CB50/images/qu2.jpg",
"backgroundImageScale": "fullScreen",
"audioFileName": "MotivationSuccessMain.wav",
"audioNumberOfLoops": "3",
"audioStopsOnScreenExit": "1",
"childItems": []
},
{"navBarTitleText":"test","itemId":"A493D0A93F9AADEA8782BCF","itemType":"NAD_advanced_quiz","itemNickname":"test",
"childItems":[{"itemId":"9EA0C7C6B092C88AA89B3E4", "itemType":"BT_menuItem", "number_of_answers":"4", "correctAnswerText":"1", "incorrectText1":"2", "incorrectText2":"3", "incorrectText3":"4", "isImageIncluded":"1", "ImageNameIphonePortrait":"geomtopic001.png", "IphonePortraitWidth":"260", "IphonePortraitHeight":"70", "ImageNameIphoneLandscape":"geomtopic001.png", "IphoneLandscapeWidth":"260", "IphoneLandscapeHeight":"70", "ImageNameIpadLandscape":"geomtopic001.png", "IpadLandscapeWidth":"260", "IpadLandscapeHeight":"70", "ImageNameIpadPortrait":"geomtopic001.png", "IpadPortraitWidth":"260", "IpadPortraitHeight":"70", "exp_screen_enable":"0"}]},
{
"itemId": "5FFB65B6E4337974CF3CF70",
"itemType":"BT_screen_menuListSimple", "itemNickname":"New Flash", "navBarTitleText":"New Flash Cards", "listBackgroundColor":"#FFFFFF", "listRowBackgroundColor":"#000000", "listTitleFontColor":"#FFFFFF", "listStyle":"round",
"childItems": [
{
"itemId":"5b76e7bbf1d582ab5502227",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"D61NJ34F73XJ06S",
"titleText":"Contemporary Global Issues"
},
{
"itemId":"215722a3e451445c7d2d05c",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"L1XLS2Z5T3Q6O57",
"titleText":"Decline of Feudalism"
},
{
"itemId":"30f4b4f775968517fb56576",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"Y0KHEOZPPT9JMEI",
"titleText":"Fascism Totalariasm"
},
{
"itemId":"bfd73a3540346e3e0a2a8aa",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"3WN8OQNQS6S7T40",
"titleText":"Ghana West African Trading Empire"
},
{
"itemId":"a990be03710b0a85caf0f92",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"JPDWKA2G922DVZD",
"titleText":"Imperialism Throughout the World"
},
{
"itemId":"4ef0cc3fd1f3e644091a023",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"JGJ2QL1XIXEHAFX",
"titleText":"Industrial Revolution"
},
{
"itemId":"f75bc101d2c89e51fbff3e3",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"FW8M0D6Q6CKPGCJ",
"titleText":"Mayas Aztecs and Incas"
},
{
"itemId":"84c2955e424c34aa70f4f4c",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"5HOB9ZDM128Y0GK",
"titleText":"North Africa and Middle East"
},
{
"itemId":"b244faa3d591e2d654c1f26",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"52GN7ZXSX7IYDII",
"titleText":"Political Development of Imperial China"
},
{
"itemId":"260840dde558da83895c166",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"J33L7YNKR3Z07NZ",
"titleText":"Political Revolutions"
},
{
"itemId":"74bfa6b15836ec0eef3a699",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"1I3DR7RQ7YX0U3C",
"titleText":"Revolution in Asia"
},
{
"itemId":"c879c8496200ee46757c041",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"V2ME45MBDYKOK88",
"titleText":"Revolutions in the Americas"
},
{
"itemId":"246a65e4a128d24db7ee265",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"14VKBGLVJAJMB0F",
"titleText":"Russian Revolution"
},
{
"itemId":"08ba5049098ff42308be35f",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"HA2K1ZBHTJUYGAA",
"titleText":"The Cold War and Beyond"
},
{
"itemId":"c52aae48cafe3c0b1e957b0",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"IW8L05JL2NC3AU5",
"titleText":"The Byzantine Empire"
},
{
"itemId":"d48d08f778d158809763a3c",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"FGSFNBY2LZYEJ8I",
"titleText":"The First Global Age"
},
{
"itemId":"4e12e3ef994273532206d6c",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"G7BBSUCB3NCD9JK",
"titleText":"Themes of World History"
},
{
"itemId":"a668bfebf7ee0a4e59709b0",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"X0IS0M0UNWVQ0QC",
"titleText":"Transformations in Europe"
},
{
"itemId":"637756d5ea4b6f6b3e6b6f0",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"3XS575PMPBIQGL4",
"titleText":"World Religions"
},
{
"itemId":"99eda2c0bdb76718e9a986d",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"VV7VA1N406WAZU7",
"titleText":"World War I"
},
{
"itemId":"90f4327ee17a3f98068205b",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"DULIU1AEVPIFVTF",
"titleText":"World War II"
}
]
},
{
"itemNickname":"Contemporary Global Issues",
"itemId":"D61NJ34F73XJ06S",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Contemporary Global Issues",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Contemporaryglobalissues////mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Decline of Feudalism",
"itemId":"L1XLS2Z5T3Q6O57",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Decline of Feudalism",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Declineoffeudalism//mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Fascism Totalariasm",
"itemId":"Y0KHEOZPPT9JMEI",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Fascism Totalariasm",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/fascismtotalariasm/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Ghana West African Trading Empire",
"itemId":"3WN8OQNQS6S7T40",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Ghana West African Trading Empire",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Ghanawestafricantradingempire/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Imperialism Throughout the World",
"itemId":"JPDWKA2G922DVZD",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Imperialism Throughout the World",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Imperialismthroughouttheworld/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Industrial Revolution",
"itemId":"JGJ2QL1XIXEHAFX",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Industrial Revolution",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Industrialrevolution/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Mayas Aztecs and Incas",
"itemId":"FW8M0D6Q6CKPGCJ",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Mayas Aztecs and Incas",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Mayasaztecsandincas/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"North Africa and Middle East",
"itemId":"5HOB9ZDM128Y0GK",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"North Africa and Middle East",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Northafricaandthemiddleeast/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Political Development of Imperial China",
"itemId":"52GN7ZXSX7IYDII",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Political Development of Imperial China",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Politicaldevelopmentofimperialchina/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Political Revolutions",
"itemId":"J33L7YNKR3Z07NZ",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Political Revolutions",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Politicalrevolutions/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Revolution in Asia",
"itemId":"1I3DR7RQ7YX0U3C",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Revolution in Asia",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Revolutioninasia/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Revolutions in the Americas",
"itemId":"V2ME45MBDYKOK88",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Revolutions in the Americas",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Revolutionsintheamericas/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Russian Revolution",
"itemId":"14VKBGLVJAJMB0F",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Russian Revolution",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Russianrevolution/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"The Cold War and Beyond",
"itemId":"HA2K1ZBHTJUYGAA",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"The Cold War and Beyond",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/The%20Cold%20War%20and%20Beyond/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"The Byzantine Empire",
"itemId":"IW8L05JL2NC3AU5",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"The Byzantine Empire",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Thebyzantineempire/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"The First Global Age",
"itemId":"FGSFNBY2LZYEJ8I",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"The First Global Age",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Thefirstglobalage/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Themes of World History",
"itemId":"G7BBSUCB3NCD9JK",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Themes of World History",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Themesofworldhistory/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Transformations in Europe",
"itemId":"X0IS0M0UNWVQ0QC",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Transformations in Europe",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Transformationsineurope/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"World Religions",
"itemId":"3XS575PMPBIQGL4",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"World Religions",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/worldreligions/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"World War I",
"itemId":"VV7VA1N406WAZU7",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"World War I",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Worldwari/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"World War II",
"itemId":"DULIU1AEVPIFVTF",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"World War II",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-flash/Worldwarii/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemId": "BD4AE4296A06AAB7E47129C",
"itemType":"BT_screen_menuListSimple", "itemNickname":"New Presentations", "navBarTitleText":"Presentations", "listBackgroundColor":"#FFFFFF", "listRowBackgroundColor":"#000000", "listTitleFontColor":"#FFFFFF", "listStyle":"round",
"childItems": [  {
"itemId":"XYUSYROWMWHKDTI",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"UWV23302TYRGVEV",
"titleText":"Ancient India and China"
},
{
"itemId":"W9L9V94XQK31GTZ",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"ZZ64UBOHCNLHEBO",
"titleText":"Ancient Middle East and Egypt"
},
{
"itemId":"AO81713FBOYBRZG",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"D7ETEQ1FSGEQMOQ",
"titleText":"Ancient Rome"
},
{
"itemId":"C84XMF3S48W5CVN",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"Z0QIVP47BCWA5IY",
"titleText":"Changing Global Patterns"
},
{
"itemId":"D637ZQKAMXL1CCD",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"11EYQQTLCBB5944",
"titleText":"Civilization Eastern Europe"
},
{
"itemId":"KDC7Y7QDOB55WCA",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"BSAQY8QA51PLL3Q",
"titleText":"Civilizations Americas"
},
{
"itemId":"64M9TWZ3J42GBH4",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"JNWM8KWLZG6SZED",
"titleText":"Enlightenment American Revo"
},
{
"itemId":"NW0A4HKB8EONH5Q",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"IAQG3KG2SFQGHN1",
"titleText":"Civilizations"
},
{
"itemId":"EHMWANP7HJNO1TT",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"0USGYNKNC6BOTZG",
"titleText":"Global Age"
},
{
"itemId":"Q41R1VDDVB0W7YZ",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"R6471F0HZWVMGOD",
"titleText":"Western Democracies"
},
{
"itemId":"GPAFWKDH2W1AKM4",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"LJLXWDNJGBVJZT9",
"titleText":"Kingdoms"
},
{
"itemId":"P5KH5M8ZI2CYJH0",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"TH5UB3UNOLKIMHB",
"titleText":"Industrial Age"
},
{
"itemId":"TG4LXWK9W96FKCC",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"BYPMVH0P0PXCF6D",
"titleText":"Nationalism"
},
{
"itemId":"WIP28YZ0Z6162Z3",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"TXK3VYDEAKT879O",
"titleText":"Nationalism in Europe"
},
{
"itemId":"78DLOTSP6E88G3X",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"MXYKGYLSRCPKBN5",
"titleText":"Civilization Asia"
},
{
"itemId":"4XK1H4FK41YNVVF",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"0C4LMRF9KI3HU0R",
"titleText":"French Revolution"
},
{
"itemId":"4I8NT5KBE63VD2F",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"5ZHJFXJWXH9I3QT",
"titleText":"Middle Ages"
},
{
"itemId":"KK8GH5CO911WO8A",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"YABSN2RNJSKLKN4",
"titleText":"New Imperialism"
},
{
"itemId":"2FWKZ58MYAJ6VPO",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"A1XFTUI16TX18CT",
"titleText":"Rise of Ancient Greece"
},
{
"itemId":"PGOUIOMDK9AVQB5",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"0JNES0VS64CLGKA",
"titleText":"Totalitarianism"
},
{
"itemId":"UYGYM41UNJALQ3L",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"ES92M4XH3SBHGGP",
"titleText":"World WarI I"
},
{
"itemId":"WL1VBDEIKFTZD7C",
"itemType":"BT_menuItem",
"transitionType":"grow",
"loadScreenWithItemId":"FJXHME24RQVDXVT",
"titleText":"World War II"
}
]
},


{
"itemNickname":"Ancient India and China",
"itemId":"UWV23302TYRGVEV",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Ancient India and China",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Ancientindiaandchina/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Ancient Middle East and Egypt",
"itemId":"ZZ64UBOHCNLHEBO",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Ancient Middle East and Egypt",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Ancientmiddleeastandegypt/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Ancient Rome",
"itemId":"D7ETEQ1FSGEQMOQ",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Ancient Rome",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Ancientromeandtheriseofchristianity/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Changing Global Patterns",
"itemId":"Z0QIVP47BCWA5IY",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Changing Global Patterns",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Changingglobalpatterns/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Civilization Eastern Europe",
"itemId":"11EYQQTLCBB5944",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Civilization Eastern Europe",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Civilizationineasterneurope/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Civilizations Americas",
"itemId":"BSAQY8QA51PLL3Q",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Civilizations Americas",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/CivilizationsoftheAmericas/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Enlightenment American Revo",
"itemId":"JNWM8KWLZG6SZED",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Enlightenment American Revo",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Enlightenmenttheamericanrevolution/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Civilizations",
"itemId":"IAQG3KG2SFQGHN1",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Civilizations",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Foundationsofivilizations/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Global Age",
"itemId":"0USGYNKNC6BOTZG",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Global Age",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/globalageeuropetheamericasafrica/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Western Democracies",
"itemId":"R6471F0HZWVMGOD",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Western Democracies",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Growthofwesterndemocracies/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Kingdoms",
"itemId":"LJLXWDNJGBVJZT9",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Kingdoms",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Kingdomsandtradingstatesofafrica/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Industrial Age",
"itemId":"TH5UB3UNOLKIMHB",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Industrial Age",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Lifeintheindustrialage/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Nationalism",
"itemId":"BYPMVH0P0PXCF6D",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Nationalism",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Nationalismandrevolutionaroundtheworld/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Nationalism in Europe",
"itemId":"TXK3VYDEAKT879O",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Nationalism in Europe",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Nationalismtriumphsineurope/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Civilization Asia",
"itemId":"MXYKGYLSRCPKBN5",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Civilization Asia",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Spreadofcivilizationineastandsoutheastasia/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"French Revolution",
"itemId":"0C4LMRF9KI3HU0R",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"French Revolution",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Thefrenchrevolution/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Middle Ages",
"itemId":"5ZHJFXJWXH9I3QT",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Middle Ages",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Thehighmiddleages/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"New Imperialism",
"itemId":"YABSN2RNJSKLKN4",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"New Imperialism",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Thenewimperialism/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Rise of Ancient Greece",
"itemId":"A1XFTUI16TX18CT",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Rise of Ancient Greece",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Theriseofancientgreece/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"Totalitarianism",
"itemId":"0JNES0VS64CLGKA",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Totalitarianism",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/Theriseoftotalitarianism/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"World WarI I",
"itemId":"ES92M4XH3SBHGGP",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"Flash Cards",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/fc/global/mobile.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
},
{
"itemNickname":"World War II",
"itemId":"FJXHME24RQVDXVT",
"itemType":"BT_screen_customURL",
"navBarTitleText":"World War II",
"dataURL":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/appfc/gh-pres/WorldWarII/mobile/index.html",
"forceRefresh":"1"
}

]
}

]

}}
