144     3006    3150    2307    5457    2424    7881    2642    10523   3030    13553   5001    18554   2371    20925   2165    23090   1102    <!DOCTYPE html>
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        <div class="chapter_number">Introduction</div>
        <div class="chapter_name">Welcome!</div>
        <div class="blurb">So&mdash;you want to speak Japanese. Well, I&rsquo;ve got some good news and some bad news. The good news is that Japanese is an incredibly interesting language with very few basic sounds and a straightforward grammar.</div>
        <div><img src="divider@2x.png" class="divider" /></div>

<p class="bodycopy">The bad news? If your first language is English, you
        routinely make thousands of language sounds that don&rsquo;t even exist in Japanese,
        and Japanese and English grammar are about as different as sushi and sandwiches.
        But what&rsquo;s life without a little challenge, right?</p>

<p class="bodycopy">But there&rsquo;s a good side even to the bad news. On the
        pronunciation front, Japanese sounds are few and pure. When I say pure, I mean
        that there aren&rsquo;t so-called gliding vowels like there are in English. A gliding vowel is when
        you start out making one vowel sound and then ever-so-subtly glide into a
        different one. For example, listen to yourself carefully as you say the word
        &ldquo;no.&rdquo; You&rsquo;ll notice that you don&rsquo;t make just an &ldquo;o&rdquo; sound,
        but you tack a little &ldquo;ooh&rdquo; sound onto the end. You can verify this
        by noticing that your lips and tongue actually move, which would be unnecessary for just
        one simple vowel sound. If you don&rsquo;t believe me, look in the mirror and say it
        slowly, because you definitely do it.</p>

<p class="bodycopy">These gliding vowels 
        are just one aspect of English that give it a
        large total number of language sounds. When I talk about language sounds, I&rsquo;m
        talking about the one-syllable building blocks that you can use to make any
        word in a given language. Care to hazard a guess at how many basic sound
        ingredients there are in English? It varies by dialect, but one estimate puts
        the number at over 8000.</p>

<p class="bodycopy">
    
            (Touch the right arrow below or swipe anywhere to go to the next page.)
        
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<p class="bodycopy">
        Japanese, on the other hand, has very strict rules about
        what is and isn&rsquo;t a language sound. The total number of one-syllable building
        blocks out of which <b>any </b>Japanese word can be constructed is&mdash;wait for
        it&mdash;about 110. That&rsquo;s right. While we can only guess at the total inventory of
        English language sounds, in Japanese it is so low that we can simply count them
        up.</p>

<p class="bodycopy">This is a good thing for us English-speaking oral acrobats.
        It&rsquo;s good because phonetically simple languages feel easier to learn. But it&rsquo;s
        challenging at the same time because it means that, out of sheer habit, we&rsquo;re
        probably going to be making all kinds of strange sounds unintentionally when we
        speak Japanese, and it can be hard to weed those out. Have you ever heard a
        foreigner speaking English and making sounds that are, at best, creative
        approximations of the true English sounds? In the beginning, we&rsquo;ll be doing a
        lot of that in Japanese. But think of it this way, you&rsquo;re in a much better spot
        than the poor Japanese guy learning English, trying to wrap his mouth around
        7890 new language sounds!</p>


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<p class="bodycopy">And when it comes to the grammar, what may seem challenging
        is really a blessing in disguise. See, when people learn languages that are
        similar in structure and word-order to their own, they often approach the
        language as if it were a code where you simply take an English sentence and
        then swap out each word in order to create the translation, when that&rsquo;s really
        not the case. People who do this never really get a deep understanding of their
        target language, so they&rsquo;ll only be able to speak it in bits and pieces at best
        (not to mention causing a great deal of head-scratching for the poor souls who
        try to understand them).</p>

<p class="bodycopy">With Japanese, the grammar is so unlike English that you
        won&rsquo;t be tempted to fall into this trap. I once had a friend who would take an
        English sentence and then look up each word in an English-Japanese dictionary
        and write down the first entry for each one to build &ldquo;Japanese&rdquo;
        sentences, and the results were the most hilariously unintelligible things you
        could ever imagine. So the long and short of this is that you&rsquo;ll have no choice
        but to really understand the nuts and bolts of the language, and that means
        you&rsquo;ll be able to speak it well.</p>

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<p class="bodycopy">If you&rsquo;re a grammar-phobe, don&rsquo;t worry. I&rsquo;m right there with
        you. In fact, until I began to study Japanese, I saw no use for grammar whatsoever.
        I couldn&rsquo;t tell you what a subject or an object was, let alone the harder items
        like articles and participles. So don&rsquo;t fret. I&rsquo;m not going to turn into your eighth
        grade English teacher and have you graph sentences.</p>

<p class="bodycopy">Actually, the name of this software, Human Japanese, is
        meant to describe my approach to this whole concept of learning a language. In
        my experience, there seem to be two main approaches to language. The first is
        the memorization camp. These people pick up a phrase book and just memorize all
        the key sentences. You probably know someone from the office who can ask for a
        beer in 50 different languages. That&rsquo;s great, but what happens when you want to
        ask what <i>kinds </i>of beer are available, or <i>where </i>the beer was made,
        or <i>how you can send a beer</i> to that attractive person across the room?
        With the phrase approach, if you don&rsquo;t know the phrase, you&rsquo;re out of luck.</p>

<p class="bodycopy">The other camp is the grammar-centric camp. These people
        say, look, if you don&rsquo;t know the grammar, you&rsquo;re stuck with whatever tiny
        number of sentences you can memorize. If you understand how to string the words
        together, you can make any sentence you want. And they&rsquo;re absolutely right. The
        trouble is that a lot of the books that take this approach get so bogged down
        in the endless details that the poor student, coming in as a healthy,
        fun-loving individual, gets turned off by the clinical sterility and gives up.</p>


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<p class="bodycopy">As you&rsquo;re probably beginning to guess, I lean more toward
        the second camp than the first. I&rsquo;m not going to lie to you. Grammar is
        extremely important. But gosh darn it, a language is such a huge, fun,
        incredible, scary, cool thing, that if people are going to learn one, they need
        to have fun doing it. They need lessons from someone who speaks their language,
        someone who teaches in real, warm, human terms. And I believe that I&rsquo;m your guy.</p>

<p class="bodycopy">So this is what we&rsquo;re going to do. We&rsquo;re going to learn all
        the really important grammar stuff, but each time I use a new term or introduce
        a new concept, I&rsquo;ll make sure you understand exactly what it is and why it&rsquo;s
        important. I&rsquo;ll show you how it relates to similar concepts in English. I&rsquo;ll
        even make the explanations funny and interesting to read. By the time we&rsquo;re
        done with this, you&rsquo;ll not only understand Japanese, but I&rsquo;d wager that you&rsquo;ll
        understand English a good deal better as well.</p>

<p class="bodycopy">
    Along the way, we&rsquo;ll be meeting hundreds of new vocabulary
    words. Whenever you see any word written in Japanese characters in the main
    text,

    
            touch
        

    it to hear a recording. That&rsquo;s rule number one&mdash;<strong>all Japanese words
        have recordings attached.</strong></p>

            <div class="tiny_example_set">
            <div class="tiny_example">
                    <div class="tiny_example_content tiny_example_content_text_japanese tiny_example_content_clickable" id="tiny1" onclick="playSound('Introduction_koko-wo-kurikku-shite-kudasai');" ontouchstart="turnOn('tiny1');" ontouchend="turnOff('tiny1');" ontouchcancel="turnOff('tiny1');"><span class="tiny_example_click_here">ここをクリックしてください。</span></div>

                    <div class="tiny_example_divider"></div>

                    <div class="tiny_example_caption">The text "click me" in Japanese.</div>

            </div>
            </div>



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        <div class="subheading_level_1">Example sentences</div>


<p class="bodycopy">
Rule number two is that for every new thing I tell you about Japanese, I&rsquo;ll back it up
with tons and tons of example sentences so that you can see and hear what you&rsquo;re learning
immediately. Having these example sentences right at your fingertips, interwoven with 
the explanations, is a key part of what makes Human Japanese so powerful.</p>

<p class="bodycopy">Let me show you how they work.
Now, I don&rsquo;t expect you to be able to read the Japanese already&mdash;we&rsquo;ll be learning that
together very soon&mdash;but just to acquaint you with what&rsquo;s in store, take a look at the following example sentences.
</p>

        <div class="example">
            <div class="example_bar_and_copy">
                <div class="example_icon" onclick="showIngredients('ingredients-introduction-100');"><img class="example_icon_image" src="ingredients@2x.png" /></div>
                <div class="example_copy">
                    <div class="example_japanese correct_japanese" id="s1" onclick="playSound('Verbs2_nihongowo-benkyou-shimashou');" ontouchstart="turnOn('s1');" ontouchend="turnOff('s1');" ontouchcancel="turnOff('s1');"><span class="nw">にほんごを　</span><img src="spacer@2x.png" width="0" /><span class="nw">べんきょう　</span><img src="spacer@2x.png" width="0" /><span class="nw">しましょう。</span><img src="spacer@2x.png" width="0" /><span class="nw"></span><img src="spacer@2x.png" width="0" /></div>
                    
                    <div class="example_translation"><span class="example_translation_show" id="b1" onclick="showTranslation('b1', 't1');" ontouchstart="turnOn('b1');" ontouchend="turnOff('b1');" ontouchcancel="turnOff('b1');">(show translation)</span><span id="t1" style="display:none;">Let&rsquo;s study Japanese.</span></div>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="example_divider">&nbsp;</div>
            <div class="example_bar_and_copy">
                <div class="example_icon" onclick="showIngredients('ingredients-introduction-110');"><img class="example_icon_image" src="ingredients@2x.png" /></div>
                <div class="example_copy">
                    <div class="example_japanese correct_japanese" id="s2" onclick="playSound('PostPositional_marikosanha-miseno-nakani-imasu');" ontouchstart="turnOn('s2');" ontouchend="turnOff('s2');" ontouchcancel="turnOff('s2');"><span class="nw">まりこさんは　</span><img src="spacer@2x.png" width="0" /><span class="nw">みせの　</span><img src="spacer@2x.png" width="0" /><span class="nw">なかに　</span><img src="spacer@2x.png" width="0" /><span class="nw">います。</span><img src="spacer@2x.png" width="0" /><span class="nw"></span><img src="spacer@2x.png" width="0" /></div>
                    
                    <div class="example_translation"><span class="example_translation_show" id="b2" onclick="showTranslation('b2', 't2');" ontouchstart="turnOn('b2');" ontouchend="turnOff('b2');" ontouchcancel="turnOff('b2');">(show translation)</span><span id="t2" style="display:none;">Mariko is inside of the store.</span></div>
                </div>
            </div>

        </div>
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<p class="bodycopy">As promised, you can hear recordings of the sentences by 

    
            touching
        

the Japanese. And simply use the links to reveal the English translations.</p>

<p class="bodycopy">See the little clipboard icons to the right of each sentence?
One 
    
            touch
        

will bring up a screen that shows the breakdown of the sentence. It&rsquo;s like an <strong>instantaneous, simultaneous
lookup</strong> of every word and word form. (Try it now!) The idea is to keep you in the flow of the lesson, even when you&rsquo;ve
momentarily forgotten the meaning of a word, as we all sometimes do. This feature, which we call Ingredients&trade;, 
is available on <strong>every single example sentence you will encounter.</strong></p>

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        <div class="subheading_level_1">Quizzes</div>


<p class="bodycopy">
At the end of most chapters, there are links to quizzes to help you review what you&rsquo;ve learned.
You can also access these quizzes using the Reviews button at right. The quizzes intelligently
keep track of which questions you get right and wrong and automatically show you the ones you need 
help with more often. Answering questions correctly earns you stars and experience points, which give you an
idea of how you&rsquo;re doing overall.</p>

<p class="bodycopy">
The most important kind of quiz is the chapter review. Successfully passing a chapter review
has the effect of unlocking the next chapter. 


           (However, if you prefer, you can unlock them all and roam freely by adjusting the settings in Menu &gt; Preferences. 
           To see this menu, plus user information and navigation, <b>pull out the sidebar by touching or swiping the green tab 
           at the upper right</b>.)
        
</p>

<p class="bodycopy">
Just to give you an idea of what the reviews look like, here are a few you&rsquo;ll encounter early on.
</p>

        <div class="button_container"><div class="button" onclick="handleButtonPress('grammar_writing');"><img src="button_chapter_review@2x.png" /></div></div>


        <div class="button_container"><div class="button" onclick="handleButtonPress('vocab_greetings');"><img src="button_vocab_quiz@2x.png" /></div></div>



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    <title>Introduction 8</title>

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        <div class="subheading_level_1">Cultural notes</div>


<p class="bodycopy">And finally, we&rsquo;ll be breaking up
        the language lessons every now and then with cultural vignettes 
        designed to give you a feel for the way life really works in Japan.
        In such chapters, I&rsquo;ve included dozens of high-res photos to keep things interesting.

</p>

<p class="bodycopy">
    
            Touch
        

     any photo to see it full-screen. And be sure you do so, since there are often bonus photos you can only see in the full-screen viewer.
    Just to whet your appetite, here are a few mouth-watering photos from the Food chapter.
</p>

        <div class="photo_container">
            <div class="photo_box">
                <div><img id="sushi_close" src="sushi_close@2x.jpg" class="photo_image_withcaption photo_fill" onclick="showFullScreenPhoto('intro_sushi_close_full');" /></div>
                <div>
                    <div class="photo_credit"></div>
                    <div class="photo_caption">Getting hungry yet? Sushi in Japan is incredible.<span class="photo_location"></span></div>
                </div>
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        <div class="subheading_level_1">Let&rsquo;s go!</div>


<p class="bodycopy">And that&rsquo;s about everything you need to know to get going.
Learning Japanese is a journey like no other, and I&rsquo;m thrilled to be your guide. 
So buckle up for the language adventure of a lifetime, and let&rsquo;s get started.
</p>

    
          
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