No universally accepted norms

10% - 22% for men and 20% - 32% for women is considered satisfactory for health. Minimal healthy body fat level is 3% for males and 10–13% for females. However there are no universally accepted norms for body body fat percentage. Researchers have yet to agree on an exact percentage body-fat value associated with optimal health risk.

GymGoal derives the norms from ACSM Guidelines for exercise testing and prescriptions, 8th edition, pg.71. The American College of Sports Medicine is the largest sports medicine and exercise science organization in the world. Body fat norms in the ACSM tables are specific for the gender and change with age.

Other sources have different fat percentage norms. For example:

American Council on Exercise (ACE)

DescriptionWomenMen
Essential fat10–13%2–5%
Athletes14–20%6–13%
Fitness21–24%14–17%
Average (Acceptable)25–31%18–24%
Obese32%+25%+

NAS, Institute of Medicine DRIs, 2002

DescriptionWomenMen
Excellent20-2410-15%
Good25-3016-20
Over Wt31-3621-24
Obese37-4125-30
Higher risk42% +31% +

Body fat percentage for the athletic population (Sport Nutrition-2nd Edition, 2010)

SportMaleFemale
Baseball12-15%12-18%
Basketball6-12%20-27%
Body building5-8%10-15%
Cycling5-15%15-20%
Football (Backs)9-12%No data
Football (Linemen)15-19%No data
Gymnastics5-12%10-16%
High/long Jumpers7-12%10-18%
Ice/field Hockey8-15%12-18%
Marathon running5-11%10-15%
Racquetball8-13%15-22%
Rowing6-14%12-18%
Shot Putters16-20%20-28%
Skiing (X country)7-12%16-22%
Sprinters8-10%12-20%
Soccer10-18%13-18%
Swimming9-12%14-24%
Tennis12-16%16-24%
Triathlon5-12%10-15%
Volleyball11-14%16-25%
Weightlifters9-16%No data
Wrestlers5-16%No data